高中英语外研版必修第一册Unit 3　Period 4　Using language(1)：Grammar-Review：tenses

Period4Usinglanguage(1)：Grammar—Review：tenses阅读以下短文，体会加黑部分，完成下面的表格①Atavillagefair，Idecidedtovisitafortune­tellercalledMadamBellinsky.②Iwentintohertentandshetoldmetositdown.AfterIhadgivenhersomemoney，shelookedintoacrystalballandsaid，“③Arelationofyoursiscomingtoseeyou.Shewillbearrivingthiseveningandintendtostayforafewdays.Themomentyouleavethistent，youwillgetabigsurprise.④Awomanyouknowwellwillrushtowardsyou.⑤Shewillspeaktoyouandthenshewillleadyouawayfromthisplace.Thatisall.”AssoonasIwentoutside，IforgotallaboutMadamBellinskybecausemywifehurriedtowardsme.“⑥Wherehaveyouhidden？”sheaskedimpatiently.“Yoursisterwillbehereinlessthananhourandwemustbeatthestationtomeether.⑦Wearelatealready.”Asshewalkedaway，Ifollowedheroutofthefair.自主发现时态上文中句子(只填序号)时态构成一般现在时⑦动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式现在进行时③be＋doing现在完成时⑥have/has＋过去分词一般将来时④⑤will＋动词原形一般过去时①②动词的过去式英语中以不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生时间和形式的动词形式被称作动词时态。本课时主要复习一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时和一般过去时这五种时态。一、一般现在时1．构成：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式。2．基本用法：(1)表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常和often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday，onceawhile，fromtimetotime，nowadays等时间状语连用。Iregularlyreadbooksinmysparetime.我经常在业余时间看书。Wetypicallygotoschoolat6ameveryday.我们通常每天早上六点去上学。(2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。Maryhasatalentformusic.玛丽对音乐有天赋。Obviously，heknowsalotofEnglishwords.显然，他认识很多英语单词。(3)表示客观事实或普遍真理。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。Thesunrisesearlyandsetslateinsummer.太阳在夏天升得早、落得晚。(4)在时间、让步和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Weshallnotbeginthediscussionuntilhearrives.等他来了，我们再开始讨论。Inaddition，you’llmakegreatprogressifyouworkhard.另外，你如果努力学习，就会取得很大进步。(5)表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事，通常限于表示“位置转移”的非延续性动词(词组)，如go，come，leave，start，begin，open，close，arrive，takeoff等，其后常跟有表示将来的时间状语。Thetrainleavesat7：25thisevening.火车今晚7：25发车。OursummervacationbeginsinearlyJuly.我们的暑假在七月初开始。(6)小说、故事、文学作品等的情节介绍、评论等。HarryPotterissetinthemodernworld.《哈利·波特》以现代世界为背景。二、现在进行时1．构成：be＋现在分词。2．基本用法：(1)现在进行时常表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。①表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，常与now，atpresent，atthismoment等时间状语及look，listen等标志词连用。Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonsintheclassroomnow.所有的同学现在正在教室里复习功课。②表示现阶段正在进行的动作，常与thesedays，thisweek/month等连用。Millaisworkingonanewbookthesedaysaboutstoriesinschools.米拉最近在写一本新书，是关于校园故事的。(2)现在进行时常与always，continually，constantly，forever等表示频度的副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作，常含有厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.她总是想着别人而不是她自己。(赞扬)Theboyisconstantlyaskingsuchsillyquestions.那个男孩老是问这种愚蠢的问题。(不耐烦)(3)现在进行时也可以表示将来。用短暂性动词如go，come，start，leave，arrive，return等的现在进行时代替一般将来时，表示计划或安排将要发生的动作。MrSmithisleavingforNanjingtonight.史密斯先生今晚要去南京。IforgotthatMrTangisarrivingtomorrowmorning.我忘了唐先生明天上午到。三、现在完成时1．构成：have/has＋过去分词。2．基本用法：(1)表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成了一定的影响或结果，常与already，yet，never，before，sofar，uptonow等连用。Ihavealreadymadeaplanformystudyaheadofschedule.我已经提前制定了学习计划。(2)表示从过去开始持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作或状态，这时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如lately，recently，thesedays，inthepastfewdays，duringthelasttwoweeks，since，sincetwodaysago，foralongtime等。WehavelearnedEnglishforeightyears.我们已经学英语八年了。He’slivedinLondonsincethreeyearsago.自从三年前他就住在伦敦。试比较：ShehaslivedinParisfortwentyyears.她在巴黎住了20年了。(还可能继续住下去)ShelivedinParisfortwentyyears.她在巴黎住了20年。(现在已经不在那儿住了)(3)在“It/Thisisthefirst/second/.../lasttime＋that从句”与“It/Thisisthe＋序数词或形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句”这两个句型中，从句中的谓语要用现在完成时。ItisthefirsttimeIhavedrivenacar.这是我第一次开车。Thisisthemostinterestingfilmhehasmade.这是他拍过的最有趣的电影。(4)在条件、时间或让步状语从句中代替将来完成时。I’llgotothepartyassoonasIhavefinishedmyhomework.我一完成作业就去参加聚会。四、一般将来时1．构成：shall/will＋动词原形，begoingto＋动词原形，be(about)todosth。2．基本用法：(1)shall/will＋动词原形，表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态，特别是在表示客观性的事情或在某条件下临时决定去做的事情时只能用此结构。Ithinktheywillhelpyouifyoutellthem.我认为如果你告诉他们，他们就会帮助你。—Tomwasbadlyinjuredintheaccidentyesterday.—Oh，Ididn’tknow.Iwillseehimafterwork.——汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。——哦，我不知道。我下班后去看他。(临时决定)(2)will＋动词原形，表示习惯性的动作或未来的倾向。Whereverhegoes，hewilltakeanumbrellawithhim.无论到哪儿，他总是随身带着一把伞。Oilwillfloatonwater.油总是浮在水上。(3)除“shall/will＋动词原形”构成一般将来时外，以下形式也可构成将来时：①begoingto＋动词原形，表示即将发生的事情或近期准备、打算、有迹象表明要做某事。WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?下星期日你打算干什么？Look，it’sgoingtorain.瞧，要下雨了。②beabouttodosth意为“正要做某事；马上要做某事”，不与具体表示将来的时间状语连用，但常与when连用。Hewasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.他正要出去，电话铃突然响了。③betodosth表示按计划、职责、义务、约定要发生的动作。Whoistocleantheclassroomtoday?今天该谁打扫教室了？五、一般过去时1．构成：动词过去式。2．基本用法(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday，lastweek，in1949，afewdaysago等连用。IgraduatedfromNo.2MiddleSchoolthreeyearsago.三年前我从二中毕业。Shegotup，washedherface，cleanedherteeth，hadherbreakfastandthenwenttowork.她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后去上班。—Haven’tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?—IwenttoNingxiaandstayedthereforoneyear，teachingasavolunteer.——很久没有见到你了！你去哪里了？——我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年，做了一名志愿者老师。(2)表示过去时间内经常发生或存在的状态，常与inthosedays，atthattime，often，usually，sometimes等连用。Ioftenwenttoschoolonfootlastterm.上学期我经常步行去上学。Herfatherusuallydidsomehouseworkathomelastyear.去年她爸爸常常在家做些家务。(3)在条件、时间、让步等状语从句中通常可用一般过去时表示将来时。Theyplannedtogooutingifitwasfinethenextday.如果第二天天气好，他们计划外出。用所给动词的正确形式填空There1.are(be)amusementparks，themeparksandzoosinmycity.MyparentsandI2.willvisit(visit)themostfamouslocalzootomorrow.Actually，I3.went(go)therelastyearwithmyfriends，andthezooleftadeepimpressiononme.We4.spent(spend)threehoursthereandwehadgreatfun.Sofar，millionsofvisitors5.havevisited(visit)thezooandIbelievemorevisitorswillcomeinthefuture.Thisafternoon，Ispenttwohoursmakingpreparations.NowI6.amthinking(think)howIwillenjoymytrip.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Asyougothroughthisbook，youwillfind(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.2．I’mgladyouhavemade(make)greatprogresssofar.Keepitupandyoumustbesuccessful.3．—Ihearyouareworking(work)inapub.What’sitlike?—Well，it’sveryhardandI’malwaystired，butIdon’tmind.4．Thereare(be)sevendaysinaweek.5．Hesaidhewouldtellheraboutthenewsassoonashemet(meet)her.Ⅱ.完成句子1．过去几年，中国已经在环境保护方面取得了巨大的成就。Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.2．如果我哥哥明天从北京回来，我会让他给你回电话。IfmybrothercomesbackfromBeijingtomorrow，Iwillaskhimtocallyouback.3．这是第一次我们全家一起在电影院看电影。Thisisthefirsttimethatwehaveseenafilminthecinematogetherasafamily.4．现在，我们离家很远了。我们的父母此刻在干什么呢？We’refarfromhomenow.Whatareourparentsdoingatthemoment?5．有时，我仅仅是在树下休息或是在草地上坐一坐。SometimesIjustrelaxedunderatreeorsatonthegrass.Ⅲ.阅读理解Thewayyouuseyourcellphonesaroundyourfamilycanhaveaneffectonyourrelationships.Cellphonescanmakeyoufeelmoreconnected，buttheycanalsodistract(使分心)youandyourfamilyfromconnectingwitheachotherinperson.Whilesomepeopleneedtochecktheirphonesforworkoremergency(紧急情况)purposes，it’simportanttomakemeaningfulconnectionsthroughface-to-facecommunication.Somepeoplehavetroubleputtingawaytheircellphones.Theymightfeeltheycan’tcontrolhowoftentheypickuptheirphonesorhowlongtheyusethem.Theymightfeeltheneedtooftencheckphoneswithoutarealreasonorfeelupsetiftheydon’thaveanopportunitytousetheirphones.Usingcellphonesforworkpurposesduringfamilytimecanincreaseworriesandunhappinessamongfamilymembers.Onceyou’vegivensomethoughttoyourowncellphoneuse，thinkabouttherulesyouwantyourfamilytofollowwhenyou’retogether.Togetyourfamilyonthesamepage，callafamilymeeting.Revieweachperson’scurrentcellphoneuseandareaswhereyouthinksomechangesmighthelp.It’snotjustaboutsimplycuttingcellphoneusedown.Instead，considerwhatyou’reusingyourphoneforandwhatactivitiesyouwanttocarryout.Forexample，areyouoryourchildrenusingphonestostayconnected，learnsomethingnew，doschoolwork，ordosomethingelse?Ifyouhavekids，asktheiropinionsonyourownphoneuse.Youmightbesurprisedbywhattheyhavetoshare.Usegoodcommunicationskillsbypracticingactivelisteningandshowingcuriosityaboutwhateachfamilymemberhastosay.Lessphoneusealsousuallymeanslessscreentime，whichenableskidstospendmoretimeoutdoorsandbemorephysicallyactive.Whenteensspendmoretimeactivelywiththeirparents，theytendtosethighereducationalgoals.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是过度使用手机对家庭关系的不良影响和如何解决这个问题。1．What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Familymembers’connections.B．Cellphones’newchallengesathome.C．Onedisadvantageofthecellphones.D．People’sstayingawayfromcellphones.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第一段的“Cellphonescanmakeyoufeelmoreconnected，buttheycanalsodistract(使分心)youandyourfamilyfromconnectingwitheachotherinperson.”可知，第一段主要讲了关于手机的一个缺点。故选C。2．Howdosomepeoplefeelwhentheyhavenophoneathand?A．Uneasy. B．Uncertain.C．Curious. D．Homesick.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，手边没有手机时有些人会感到不安，故选A。3．Whyshouldafamilymeetingbeheld?A．Tocarryoutactivities.B．Toreachanagreement.C．Tosharethelatestnews.D．Tosetanexampletoothers.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段的“Togetyourfamilyonthesamepage，callafamilymeeting.”可知，召集家庭会议是为了要达成一致。故选B。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AreCellphonesInfluencingFamilyTime?B．AreMobilePhonesChangingPeople’sLife?C．HowCanPeopleGetAlongwithTheirParents?D．HowDoChildrenSetRightEducationalGoals?答案A解析标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要讲的是过度使用手机对家庭关系的不良影响和如何解决这个问题，因此A选项适合作本文标题，故选A。Ⅳ.完形填空ThisweekwedroveovertospendsometimewithAuntCarmeleta.Wedon’tseeher1becauseshelivesinTennessee，whichisfarfromus.However，thispastweekherhusbandKendrovetheirmotorhometoMichiganto2aparty.Asalways，itwas3toseeCarmeleta.Shemetusatthemotorhomedoor4.Shegaveuseachabighug(拥抱)andscurried(碎步疾跑)aroundtomakeus5.Thefirsttimemyfriend，Bill，metCarmeleta，hesaid，“Shecan’tbe6！”Billhadnevermetanyonesokind，7，andfullofmercy(仁慈)asCarmeleta.Butafterknowingherforwellover50years，he8sheis.I’vebeen9toknowCarmeletamywholelife.Shehas10memorethanshecouldeverknow.WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toherhowpeople11me，shewould12me，“Justkeepbeingyourself.13yourselfforwhoyouare.”I’msureshesawareaswhereIneeded14，butsheonlyshowedlove，patience，andmercytome.NextmonthCarmeletawillbe89yearsyoung.Isayyoungbecausesheneverseemsto15forme.Andsheisstillfulloflove，kindnessandmercy.Sheacceptspeoplewheretheyare，andsheisforreal!语篇解读本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了卡梅丽塔阿姨总是鼓励作者，关爱作者，这让作者觉得认识她是一辈子的幸运。1．A.formally B．oftenC．actually D．completely答案B解析根据后文“becauseshelivesinTennessee，whichisfarfromus”可知，此处指我们住得很远，因此不经常见面，故选B。2．A.attend B．celebrateC．honour D．repeat答案A解析根据空后的“aparty”可知，此处指开车去参加聚会，故选A。3．A.awkward B．possibleC．wonderful D．obvious答案C解析根据后文“Billhadnevermetanyonesokind，，andfullofmercy(仁慈)asCarmeleta.”可知，卡梅丽塔很令人喜欢，因此见到她让作者觉得很不错，故选C。4．A.teaching B．hikingC．agreeing D．smiling答案D解析根据空后“Shegaveuseachabighug(拥抱)”可推知，卡梅丽塔见到作者时面带微笑，故选D。5．A.worried B．comfortableC．sad D．responsible答案B解析根据前文“Shegaveuseachabighug(拥抱)andscurried(碎步疾跑)around”可知，此处指她小跑着跟每个人都拥抱，让我们都感到很舒服，故选B。6．A.real B．oldC．beautiful D．active答案A解析根据后文“Billhadnevermetanyonesokind，，andfullofmercy(仁慈)asCarmeleta.”可知，比尔从来没见过像卡梅丽塔这么善良仁慈的人，因此他觉得她不是真的人，故选A。7．A.strong B．lovingC．powerful D．frightened答案B解析根据最后一段的“Andsheisstillfulloflove，kindnessandmercy.”可知，此处指她是一个充满爱心的人，故选B。8．A.hopes B．attractsC．admires D．believes答案D解析根据前文“Thefirsttimemyfriend，Bill，metCarmeleta，hesaid，‘Shecan’tbe！’”可知，比尔第一次见到卡梅丽塔时，不相信有这么好的人存在，但在50多年后，他相信了，故选D。9．A.anxious B．confusingC．lucky D．amazing答案C解析根据后文“WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toherhowpeople...showedlove，patience，andmercytome.”可知，此处指作者认为认识卡梅丽塔是一生的幸运，故选C。10．A.helped B．controlledC．fed D．phoned答案A解析根据后文“WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toherhowpeople...showedlove，patience，andmercytome.”可知，此处指卡梅丽塔帮了作者很多，故选A。11．A.tookresponsibilityforB．lostcontactwithC．sangpraiseforD．spokeillof答案D解析takeresponsibilityfor对……负责；losecontactwith与……失去联系；singpraisefor赞扬；speakillof说……的坏话。根据空前“WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toher”可知，此处指作者向卡梅丽塔抱怨别人说自己的坏话，故选D。12．A.lecture B．reviseC．guide D．annoy答案C解析根据空后“Justkeepbeingyourself.”可知，此处指卡梅丽塔指导作者要做自己，故选C。13．A.Change B．DislikeC．Accept D．Leave答案C解析根据前文“Justkeepbeingyourself.”可知，此处指让作者做自己，接受自己，故选C。14．A.truth B．improvementC．source D．survival答案B解析根据空后的转折“butsheonlyshowedlove，patience，andmercytome”可知，尽管卡梅丽塔看到了作者需要提高的地方，但她却只对作者展现出爱、耐心和仁慈，故选B。15．A.wait B．workC．view D．age答案D解析age衰老，上年纪。根据前文“NextmonthCarmeletawillbe89yearsyoung.Isayyoungbecausesheneverseemsto”可知，此处指尽管卡梅丽塔快要89岁了，但作者从不觉得她衰老，故选D。Ⅴ.语法填空(2023·山东青岛高一上期中)Thankstoadvancesintechnology，howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschanged1.(significant)．Nowadays，wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeoplethatwewanttoremainfriends2..Socialmediatoolsletusseewhatourfriendsareuptoandmaintainfriendships.Thedigitalagealsoenablesus3.(find)peoplewhoshareourinterests，suchascollectingmodelcarsor4.(play)anunusualinstrument.Whateverour5.(hobby)are，theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem，eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.However，the“friends”onlinedon’tnecessarilybecomeourrealfriends.Ifpeoplealwaysexchangetrue6.