第03讲 现在完成时（三） 含有since和for的现在完成时态-【暑假自学课】2023年新九年级英语暑假课（仁爱版）（解析版）

第页现在完成时（三）含有since和for的现在完成时态 since和for是现在完成时当中常见的标志词。since“自从……”，for“持续了……”。since用来说明动作的开始时间，for用来说明动作延续的时间长度考点1since和for是现在完成时的重要标志例题：Something________inourhometownsince2019.Nowit________verymodern. A.ischanged;islooked B.haschanged;looks C.changed;looks【答案】B 【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。根据since可知第一句用现在完成时；由now可知第二句应用一般现在时。考点2since和for的用法（1）since的用法since+过去的时间点。如：年、月、日、几点等 ☞since1990自从1990年起 ☞since5o’clock自从五点起 since+时间段+ago ☞since3monthsago自从三个月以前 since+一般过去时的从句 ☞sinceyoulefthome自从你离开家以后例题： ①Mygrandparents________inthatcitysince2008. A.willlive B.live C.havelived D.wereliving【答案】C【解析】句意：我的祖父母从2008年就生活在哪个城市里。since＋过去的时间点是现在完成时的标志。 ②I'mlookingafterTomtoday.He'sbeeninmyhouse________8：00thismorning. A.atB.since C.forD.till【答案】B【解析】句意：我今天一直在家照看汤姆。从今天早上8点钟起他就一直在我家了。8:00thismorning是一个过去的时间点。since后接过去的时间点表示过去的动作延续至今，用于现在完成时态。（2）since的一个固定句式“Itis＋时间段＋since＋一般过去时的从句”。 ItisfiveyearssinceIcamehere.我来这儿5年了。（3）for的用法：for＋时间段例题：—DidyouseeTomyesterday?—No，I________himforalongtime. A.didn'tsee B.hasn'tseen C.saw D.haven'tseen【答案】D【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。根据foralongtime可知用现在完成时，且主语是第一人称，故用助动词have。（4）在现在完成时当中，若对since和for引导的时间状语进行提问，都可以用howlong来提问。例题：—________haveyoulivedinLanzhou?—Sincemyparentsfoundjobshere. A.Howlong B.Howfar C.Howsoon D.Howold【答案】A【解析】考查how词组辨析。howlong多久，提问时间段；howfar多远，提问距离；howsoon多久以后，提问将来的时间，答语常用in＋一段时间；howold多大，提问年龄。根据答语可知，问句是对时间段提问。（5）since和for的句式转换： since＋时间段＋ago＝for＋时间段 Theyhaven'tchangedsincetwentyyearsago. ＝Theyhaven'tchangedfortwentyyears. 他们已经二十年没有改变了。考点3延续性动词、短暂性动词与since,for 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。短暂性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。(1)若现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语(如含since/for引导的时间状语)，则谓语只能使用延续性动词。例题：—Theboymisseshisparentsverymuch.—Sohedoes.They________thehometownfornearlytwoyears. A.haveleft B.willleave C.havebeenawayfrom【答案】C【解析】由fornearlytwoyears可知用现在完成时态；动词leave是非延续性动词，在完成时中要转换为beawayfrom。(2)短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词①直接换成延续性动词 buy买→have有 borrow借→keep保留 puton穿上→wear穿着 come/go/become来/去/变成→be在/是②转换成be＋名词 jointhearmy参军→beasoldier当兵 jointheParty入党→bea Partymember成为一名党员 gotoschool去上学→beastudent成为一名学生③转换成be＋形容词/副词 die死亡→bedead死了 finish结束→beover结束 begin开始→beon在上映/已开始 leave离开→beaway远离的 fallasleep入睡→beasleep睡着的 close关闭→beclosed关着的④转换成be＋介词短语 gotoschool去上学→beinschool在上学 jointhearmy参军→beinthearmy在军队中例题： Herson________thearmyfortwomonths.Shemisseshimverymuch. A.hasjoined B.hasbeenin C.joined D.wasin【答案】B【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。该句中“fortwomonths”为持续性时间状语，故要把非延续性动词转换成延续性动词。join应该转换成bein/beamemberof，其现在完成时结构为has/havebeenin或has/havebeenamemberof。一、单项选择1．—Howlong________inShanghai?—Sincetheendoflastyear.A．didshelive B．hasshelived C．willshelive2．—Boysandgirls,whatdoyouwanttoknowaboutH1N1(甲流)?—Iwonder________.A．whenthediseasehashappened B．whatwecandotofightagainstitC．howlongthevirusstarted D．whyhasthediseasespreadsofast3．—WhyisLucy’sChinesesogood?—Becauseshe________Beijingfortenyears.A．hasgoneto B．hasbeento C．hascometo D．hasbeenin4．—WhowilltalkaboutthedevelopmentofAmericancountrymusicnextweek?—IsuggestBrad.He________inNashville,thehomeofcountrymusic,sincehewasachild.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive5．I________myhomework.Let’sgooutforawalk.A．finish B．finished C．willfinish D．havefinished6．Ihave________thenewsmartphonefortwomonths.A．got B．bought C．had7．—Whereisyouraunt?Ihaven’tseenherforafewdays.—She________ZiBotoenjoythelocalbarbecue(烧烤).Shewenttherelastweek.A．hasbeento B．hasgoneto C．hasbeenin D．hasgotto8．Therearemorethan900nationalwetlandparksinChina,andnowninetypercent________tothepublicforfree.A．wasopen B．areopened C．hasopened D．havebeenopen9．—Howlong_______you_______yourhometown?

—Forfiveyears.A．have;left B．has;leftC．have;beenawayfrom D．has;beenawayfrom10．—WhereisLucy?—She________Wuhan.She’llbebacknextweek.A．hasgoneto B．hasbeento C．wentto D．isgoingto11．—Ourcomputerisworkingagain?—Yes,Jeremy________it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A．hasfixed B．willfix C．isfixing D．wasfixing12．Ourgovernment_______alotofworksomostofthedayswecanhaveaclearbluesky.A．does B．did C．hasdone D．isdone13．Timeflies.Mr.Smith________Englishinourschoolforthreeyears.Weallenjoyhisclasses.A．teaches B．willteach C．hastaught D．wasteaching14．You_______forthefootballmatchforalongtime.Ibelieveyouwillwinit.A．prepare B．ispreparing C．haveprepared D．willprepare15．—Congratulations!You________bigprogressinthepastthreeyears.—Thankyou,Mr.Li.I’llneverforgetthegoodtimesinjuniorhighschool.A．make B．made C．havemade16．Manypeople____________ustheiroldbookssincewestartedourmini-library.A．give B．gave C．willgive D．havegiven17．Howtimeflies!Nearlythreeyearshaspassedsincewe________eachotherforthefirsttime.A．meet B．met C．havemet D．willmeet18．—GiantpandaYaYa________toChinasinceApril27th,2023.—That’sright.Manypeoplehopetoseeher.A．willreturn B．returns C．returned D．hasreturned19．Twoyearshaspassed________Ifinishedschoolandstartedworking.A．after B．before C．when D．since20．Mymother________inthenursinghomefortenyears.A．works B．worked C．willwork D．hasworked21．Thesummer______toourcity.Wedon’tneedoursweatersnow.A．came B．comes C．hascome D．willcome22．—Mum,I________.Icantakecareofmyself.—Ofcourse,youcan.Iwillalwaysloveandhelpyou.A．growup B．grewup C．amgrowingup D．havegrownup23．Tom________inShanghaisincehecametoChinafiveyearsago.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive24．Johnnyisnotgoingtobuythisbookbecausehe________itbefore.A．hadread B．hasread C．read D．wasreading25．—Ihaven’tseenJackieforacoupleofdays.Why?—He________NewYorkforbusiness.Hewillcomebacknextweek.A．hasgoneto B．willgoto C．wasgoingto二、完形填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Jim,asuccessfulbusinessman,toldanexperienceofhischildhood.Whenhewas12,hisparentsdied.Hewasaloneanddidn’tgetonwellwith___26___.Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.Peoplealwayslaughed___27___him.HisonlyfriendwasadognamedBobby.Hegavehisdogenoughtoeatanddrink,___28___hewasalittlerudetoitsometimes.Onedaywhenhe___29___downthestreet,hesawayoungladywalkinginfrontofhim.Suddenlyoneofherbagsdroppedfromherarms.Asshestopped___30___itup,shedroppedotherbags.Jimcametohelpher.“Thankyou,dear!Youareanicelittleboy!”Theladysaidkindlyandpolitely,smiling.Aspecialfeelingcametohim.Hehad___31___heardsuchkindwordsbefore.Hewatchedheruntilshewentfaraway.Hewasso___32___thathewhistled(吹口哨)tohisdog.“Thankyou?dear!Youareanicelittleboy!”Herepeatedthewoman’swords.Thenin___33___lowvoicehesaidtohisdog,“Youareanicelittledog!”Bobbyraiseditsears.Itseemedthatthedoghadunderstood___34___hesaid,“Evenadoglikesit!”hethought.“Well,Bobby,I____35____unkindwordstoyouanymore.”hesaid.Bobbywaveditstails___36___.Later,theywentdirectlytotherivernearby.Whenhearrivedattheriverside,helookedat____37____intheriver.Hesaw____38____butadirtyboy.Hewashedhisfacecarefully.Afterthat,hesawanicecleanboy.Fromthenon,hestartedanewlife.After____39____thisstory,thebusinessmanstoppedforawhile.Thenhesaid,“Ladiesandgentlemen,itwasthatkindwoman____40____plantedthefirstseedofkindnessinme.Allofusshouldlearnaboutkindness.Whatgreatpowerithas!”26．A．other B．others C．another D．theother27．A．at B．on C．in D．to28．A．so B．because C．though D．but29．A．isgoing B．goes C．wasgoing D．hasgone30．A．pick B．topick C．picking D．picked31．A．even B．never C．ever D．often32．A．excite B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly33．A．a B．an C．the D．/34．A．when B．how C．where D．what35．A．haven’tsaid B．didn’tsay C．won’tsay D．don’tsay36．A．happy B．happily C．happier D．happiest37．A．he B．him C．his D．himself38．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing39．A．telling B．totell C．told D．tell40．A．which B．whose C．who D．Whom三、阅读理解ASchoollifeisn’talwayshappyandcolorful.Therearealso“dark”cornersthere.Bullying（霸凌）isoneofthem.Sophie,15,fromGuangxi,hadbeenbulliedinschoolforaround9years.Somemadefunofherclothesandherweight.Herroommatescalledherathief.Herclassmatesspreadrumors（谣言）aboutherandthennoonewantedtoplaywithher.Theseexperiencesmadeherquietandself-doubting.Butactuallyitwasnotherfault.In2018,Sophiewasdiagnosed（诊断）withAsperger’ssyndrome（阿斯伯格综合征）.Thisconditiongivespeopledifficultiesinsocialcommunication.Childrenwiththisconditionaremorelikelytobeleftout.Luckily,Sophiefinallyfoundawaytohelpherselfandothersinhersituation.Shemadeherexperiencesintoarole-playingboardgame,TheChoiceofTransferStudents.Playerscanchoosetobeoneofthreecharacters—thebully,thebulliedoneortheonlooker（旁观者）.Theywillexperiencemanybullyingsituationsandtheirdifferentactionsorwordswillleadtodifferentresults.Inthisway,playersseewhatbullyingcandotopeople.Hopefullytheycanchoosetodotherightthingwhenfacingsimilarsituations.Sophiehopedthatspeakingoutaboutherexperienceswouldhelpbulliedchildrentobeseenandheard.“Ihopetheyknowthatinthefaceofbullying,wehavetheabilitytofightback,”saidSophie.AccordingtoUNICEF（联合国儿童基金会）,overathirdofstudentsaged13to15worldwidehaveexperiencedbullying.Amongthem,thosewhoareleftoutaremerelikelytobebullied.Thisincludesstudentswithdisabilities.Tosolvethisproblem,weneedall-roundeducation.Ontheonehand,specialchildrenneedmoreattention.Ontheotherhand,parents,teachersandschoolsshouldallshouldertheresponsibilityofpreventingbullyinginschools.41．WecanknowfromParagraph2thatSophie’sschoollifewas________.A．colorful B．strange C．terrible42．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“beleftout”inParagraph3probablymeaninChinese?A．被拋弃 B．受欢迎 C．被冷落43．WhydidSophiecreatetheboardgame?A．Toshareherstorywithothers.B．Tohelpthosewhoarebullied.C．Topunishthosebulliesintheschool.44．ThewritermentionsthereportfromUNICEFtoshow________.A．whyshouldwepreventbullyinginschoolsB．bullyingisaseriousproblemallovertheworldC．bullyinghasabadinfluenceonchildren’slives45．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Teachersshouldberesponsibleforpreventingbullyingalone.B．Weshouldpaylessattentiontospecialchildren.C．Childrenwhoareleftoutmightbebullied.BBuck’sfirstdayinthefrozenNorthlandwasterrible.Everyhourtherewasfilledwithshockandfrighteningsurprise.Herewasneitherpeace,norrest,noramoment’ssafety—onlyendlessnoiseandmovement.Ateverymomentlifeitselfwasindanger,becausethesedogsandmenwerenottowndogsandmen.Theyknewonlythelawofclubandtooth.Buckhadneverseendogsfightlikethesedogs:theywerelikewolves.HelearntthisfromhisfriendCurly.Shetriedtomakefriendswithabigdog.Butwithoutwarning,thedogjumpedonCurly.Curly’sfacewastornopenfromeyetomouth.Andthefightdidnotfinishthen.Moredogsranupandmadeacirclearoundthefight,watchingsilently.Curlytriedtoattackthedogwhohadbittenher.Hebitherasecondtime,andjumpedaway.WhenCurlytriedtoattackagain,heknockedherbackwards.Andshefellontheground.Curlyneverstoodup,andthiswaswhattheotherdogswerewaitingfor.Inamoment,shewasunderacrowdofdogs.ThenFrancoisandothermenwithclubsjumpedinamongthedogs.Soonthedogswerechasedaway.ButCurlylaydeadinthesnow,herbodytornalmosttopieces.Curly’sdeathoftencamebacktoBuckinhisdreams.Heunderstoodthatonceadogwasdownontheground,hewasdead.ThatnightBuckdiscoveredaproblem.Wherewashegoingtosleep?HefoundFrancoiswasinthetent.Buckfollowedhimquietly.Butwhenhewentinandwantedtosleepinthecorner,Francoisshoutedangrilyandbeathimwithaclub.Buckranoutandwalkedaroundthetent,very,verycold,wonderingwhattodo.Suddenly,thesnowunderhisfeetfellin,andhefeltsomethingmove.Hejumpedback,waitingfortheattack,butheardonlyafriendlybark.There,inawarmholeunderthesnow,wasBillee.Soheknewwhathecoulddo._______.Hesleptwell,althoughhisdreamswerebad.Inthenorth,Buckwaslearningthelawofclubandtooth.Helearnttoeatanyfood—anythingthathecouldgethisteethinto.Helearnttobreaktheiceonwaterholeswithhisfeetwhenhewantedtodrink.Helearnttotravelthroughtheforestandkillformeatwithwilddogs.Hewasstronger,andcouldseeandsmellbetterthaneverbefore.Itwaseasyforhimtolearntofightlikeawolf,becauseitwasinhisblood.46．Buck’sfirstdayinthefrozenNorthland,whatwastherefilledwith?A．Peace. B．Rest.C．Safety. D．Shockandfrighteningsurprise.47．Curlylostherlifebecause_________A．shedidn’twanttofightwithahuskyB．shewasnotsolargeasahuskyC．shewaswarnednottoattackahuskyD．shedidn’tknowthatlifeitselfwasindangeratanytime48．Curly’sdeathmadeBuckrealize_________inthenorth.①howterriblethenewlifewas

②thesecretofwinningafriend③howdangerousthemenwere

④theimportanceoffightinglikewolvesA．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④49．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin_________.A．BucksleptoutsidethetentsilentlyB．BucklayonthesnowandfinallyfellasleepC．BuckranintothetentsecretlyandrestedinthecornerD．Buckdughimselfaholeandsoonwaswarmandasleep50．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Thewaytobewild. B．Acoldworldfordogs.C．Theterribledays. D．Acleverdog.四、短文填空阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化(可添加助动词或情态动词)，填入空白处。help,hold,be,leave,solve,go,laugh,bring,happen,feel,playItwasaround3P.M.onSunday.Gina___51___basketballwithherbrotherBilloutsidewhenshesawacarstopinfrontofJenny’shouse.Jennyjumpedoutofthecar,andGinacouldhearalotofvoices___52___andsayinggoodbyetoJenny.Gina___53___terriblyuncomfortable,andhereyesstartedtowater.“Hey,what’swrong?”Billasked.“Nothing.Idon’twanttoplayanymore.”Ginastormedinsideandslammed(砰地关上)thedoor.She___54___straighttoherroom.GinaheardBilltalkingtohermominthelivingroom,butshedidn’twanttotalktoanyone.“Gina,areyouOK?”hermomasked“Whatareyoudoinginside,mydear?MayIcomein?”Ginaopenedthedoor.Hermomalwayshadsomegoodideas___55___her.“What’sgoingon,Gina?”Momasked.“Jennywentsomewherewithourfriends,butshedidn’tinviteme,”Ginasaid.“That’snotverynice.Afterall,we___56___friendsfornearly5years.”“Oh,honey,I’msorry.IwillbeprettyupsettooifIfeelleftout.MaybeJennyknewthatyouwouldn’tlikewhattheyweregoingtodo,”Momsuggested.“Whydon’tyoutalkwithJennyonMonday?”“Idon’twanttotalktoher.I___57___herout.”“Well...sometimesignoring(忽视)anotherpersonisagoodchoice,butIdon’tthinkthisistherighttimetodothat.YoumightloseJennyasafriendifyoumakesuchachoicewithouttalkingaboutitwithher,”repliedMom.“IstillwantJennytobemyfriend,buttalkingaboutitisuncomfortable.Ijustexpecthertoknowwhat’swrongandsayshe’ssorry.”“That___58___,butitmightnot.Ireallythinktalkingtoherabouthowyoufeelisthebestway.”“OK,Mom,Iwill.Thanks,”Ginasaid.Andguesswhat?Gina’smomwasright!Anewsnakeshow___59___thatday.JennyknewGinadidn’tlikesnakes,soshedidn’tinviteher.GinawasgladshehadtalkedtoJenny____60____theproblem.参考答案：1．B【详解】句意：——她在上海住了多久了？——从去年年底开始。考查时态。根据“Sincetheendoflastyear.”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/hasdone；该句是特殊疑问句，助动词要放在主语前。故选B。2．B【详解】句意：——孩子们，关于H1N1，你们想知道些什么？——我想知道我们能做些什么来对抗它。考查宾语从句。动词wonder后接宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，排除D；when一般不与现在完成时连用，排除A；start是非延续性动词，不能与“一段时间”连用，排除C。故选B。3．D【详解】句意：——为什么Lucy的中文这么好？——因为她在北京已经十年了。考查现在完成时。hasgoneto去了，还未回；hasbeento去过，已回；hascometo已经到了；hasbeenin曾在，住在某地/待在某地一段时间。根据“Becauseshe...Beijingfortenyears.”可知，此处表示在北京待了十年。故选D。4．C【详解】句意：——下周是谁将会谈论关于美国乡村音乐的发展？——我建议布拉德。他从小住在乡村音乐之都——纳什维尔。考查现在完成时。根据“sincehewasachild.”可知，这里应用现在完成时。故选C。5．D【详解】句意：我已经完成了作业。我们出去散步吧。考查动词时态。根据“myhomework.Let’sgooutforawalk.”可知，“完成作业”的影响就是“可以出去散步”，所以用现在完成时的结构，故选D。6．C【详解】句意：我买新智能手机已经俩个月了。考查现在完成时。根据“fortwomonths.”可知是现在完成时。“fortwomonths.”是一段时间，需要用延续性动词。buy对应的延续性动词是have。现完动词要用过去分词，所以是had。故选C。7．B【详解】句意：——你的姑姑在哪里？我已经好几天没见到她了。——她去了淄博享受当地的烧烤了。她上周去那里的。考查现在完成时。hasbeento去过；hasgoneto去了（人未回）；hasbeenin在……待一段时间；hasgotto必须。根据“Whereisyouraunt?Ihaven’tseenherforafewdays.”可知，她去淄博还没有回来，用hasgoneto。故选B。8．D【详解】句意：中国有900多个国家湿地公园，目前90%已免费向公众开放。考查现在完成时。beopen“开放的”，beopened“被打开”，根据“...tothepublicforfree.”可知，“开放的”符合题意，所以B选项错误；根据“now”可知，时态是与现在有关的时态，所以A选项错误；主语“ninetypercent”指的是“90%的公园”，是复数，所以C选项错误。该句中“now”指目前，所以用现在完成时，即have/has+过去分词，主语是复数，“开放”beopen，填havebeenopen。故选D。9．C【详解】句意：——你离开家乡多久了？——五年。考查现在完成时。left离开，leave的过去式；beenawayfrom离开。根据“Howlong...you...yourhometown?”及选项可知，此处考查现在完成时，结构为have/hasdone；主语为“you”，助动词用have，排除BD选项；再由“Forfiveyears.”可知，此处要用延续性动词；leave是一个非延续动词，其延续性结构为beawayfrom，排除A选项。故选C。10．A【详解】句意：——露西在哪里？——她去武汉了。她下周会回来。考查句子时态。hasgoneto去了某地还未回来；hasbeento去过某地已经回来；wentto去，过去式；isgoingto将要去某地。根据“She’llbebacknextweek.”可知，露西还没有回来，用现在完成时，she为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选A。11．A【详解】句意：——我们的电脑又能工作了吗？——是的，杰里米修好了。他花了大约一个小时。考查时态。根据“Ourcomputerisworkingagain?”和“Ittookhimaboutanhour.”可知到说话时电脑问题已经解决了，句子时态是现在完成时，其构成是have/has+过去分词。故选A。12．C【详解】句意：我们的政府做了很多工作，所以大多数时候我们都能有一个纯净的蓝天。考查时态辨析。根据句意，可知“大多数时候我们都能有一个纯净的蓝天”，是因为“我们的政府做了很多工作”，符合“现在完成时”的使用情境，即“过去发生的事对现在有影响”，故选C。13．C【详解】句意：时光飞逝。史密斯先生在我们学校教英语已经三年了。我们都喜欢他的课。考查现在完成时。由“forthreeyears”可知，这里用现在完成时，其结构是：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词。故选C。14．C【详解】句意：你为这场足球比赛准备了很长时间。我相信你会赢的。考查时态。根据“foralongtime”可知，该句用现在完成时（havedone），强调从过去准备到现在，故选C。15．C【详解】句意：——恭喜你！在过去的三年里，你取得了很大的进步。——谢谢您，李老师。我永远不会忘记初中的美好时光。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“inthepastthreeyears”可知，本句时态是现在完成时(have/hasdone)。故选C。16．D【详解】句意：自从我们开办了迷你图书馆以来，许多人都把他们的旧书送给了我们。考查动词时态。根据“sincewestartedourmini-library”可知，句子要用现在完成时，即havegiven，故选D。17．B【详解】句意：时间过得真快！从我们第一次见面到现在已经快三年了。考查时态。根据“Nearlythreeyearshaspassedsincewe...eachotherforthefirsttime.”可知，该句是since引导时间状语从句，主句时态为现在完成时，从句应用一般过去时。故选B。18．D【详解】句意：——自2023年4月27日以后，大熊猫丫丫已经返回中国。——没错。许多人希望见到她。考查现在完成时。willreturn一般将来时；returns动词的“三单”形式；returned动词过去式/过去分词；hasreturned现在完成时。根据“sinceApril27th,2023”可知，“since+时间点”表示“自……以后”，通常与现在完成时连用，谓语用“has+过去分词”，returned为动词过去分词。故选D。19．D【详解】句意：从我毕业开始工作到现在已经两年了。考查连词辨析。after在……之后；before在……之前；when当……时；since自从。根据“Twoyearshavepassed...Ifinishedschoolandstartedworking.”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，故选D。20．D【详解】句意：我妈妈已经在护士之家工作了十年了。考查现在完成时。根据“fortenyears”可知，此题考查的是现在完成时，指的是，我妈妈从过去到现在在护士之家持续工作了十年。故选D。21．C【详解】句意：夏天来到了我们的城市。我们现在不需要毛衣了。考查时态。根据“Wedon’tneedoursweatersnow.”可知，我们现在不需要毛衣了，所以夏天已经到了，用现在完成时表示对现在的影响。故选C。22．D【详解】句意：——妈妈，我已经长大了。我可以照顾我自己。——当然，你可以。我将总是爱你和帮助你。考查动词时态。根据“Mum,I...Icantakecareofmyself.”可知，空格处要用现在完成时，表示影响（动作已完成）。现在完成时的句子结构是“have+done”，故选D。23．C【详解】句意：汤姆自从五年前来到中国就一直住在上海。考查时态。since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来”，从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时，空格所在句是主句，谓语结构为have/hasdone。故选C。24．B【详解】句意：约翰尼不打算买这本书，因为他以前读过。考查动词时态。根据“Johnnyisnotgoingtobuythisbookbecausehe...itbefore.”可知，不买这本书的原因是之前读过，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故选B。25．A【详解】句意：——我好几天没见到Jackie了。为什么呢？——他到纽约出差去了。他下周会回来。考查现在完成时。根据“Hewillcomebacknextweek.”可知，他到纽约出差去了，还没回来，句子应用现在完成时，其谓语应用have/hasgoneto来表示。故选A。26．B27．A28．D29．C30．B31．B32．C33．A34．D35．C36．B37．D38．D39．A40．C【导语】本文主要讲述了吉姆小时候因为帮助一位女士拾起包，得到表扬很开心，从此改变了他的生活。说明了善良的重要性。26．句意：他孤身一人，与别人相处不好other其他的；others其他的人或事物；another另一个；theother两者中的另一个。根据“Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.”可知没有人对他表现出善意。此处指和其他人相处不好。故选B。27．句意：人们总是嘲笑他。at在；on在上面；in在里面；to朝。短语laughat表示“嘲笑”。故选A。28．句意：他给他的狗足够的食物和饮料，但是他有时对它有点粗鲁。so所以；because因为；though虽然；but但是。根据“Hegavehisdogenoughtoeatanddrink,...hewasalittlerudetoitsometimes.”可知句子前后是转折关系，应用but表示。故选D。29．句意：有一天，当他走在街上时，他看到一位年轻女士走在他前面。isgoing去；goes去，三单式；wasgoing去；hasgone已经去了。句子是when引导的时间状语从句，语境时态是过去时，go是延续性动作，应用过去进行时。故选C。30．句意：当她停下来捡起它时，她掉落了其他袋子。pick捡起；topick捡起，不定式；picking捡起，动名词；picked捡起，过去式。短语stoptodosth表示“停下来去做某事”，女士的袋子掉了，要停下来去拣起，应用不定式形式。故选B。31．句意：他以前从未听过这样的好话。even甚至；never从不；ever曾经；often经常。根据“Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.”可知没有人对他表现出善意。因此是从没听过。故选B。32．句意：他非常兴奋，以至于他向他的狗吹口哨。excite使兴奋；exciting兴奋的；excited兴奋的；excitedly兴奋地。短语so+adj+that+句子表示“如此……，以至于……”，主语是he，应用-ed结尾的形容词。故选C。33．句意：然后他低声对他的狗说.a用于辅音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指；/不填。voice是可数名词单数，应用不定冠词表示泛指，low是辅音音素开头，应用a。故选A。34．句意：狗似乎听懂了他说的话。when当；how怎样；where在哪里；what什么。understood后接宾语从句，从句中said缺乏宾语，应用what引导。故选D。35．句意：我不会再对你说不客气的话了。haven’tsaid还没说；didn’tsay没有说；won’tsay不会说；don’tsay没有说。短语notanymore表示“不再”，句子是直接引语，应用一般将来时表示。故选C。36．句意：鲍比开心地挥舞着尾巴。happy高兴的；happily高兴地；happier更开心的；happiest最开心的。此处应用副词修饰动词waved。故选B。37．句意：当他到达河边时，他看着河里的自己。he他；him他，宾格；his他的；himself他自己。句子主语是he，at后的宾格与主语指代同一个对象，应用反身代词。故选D。38．句意：他只看到一个肮脏的男孩。something某事；anything任何事情；everything一切事情；nothing没什么。根据“butadirtyboy”可知除了一个脏脏的男孩，因此其他的都没有看到。故选D。39．句意：讲完这个故事，商人停了一会儿。telling告诉，动名词；totell告诉，不定式；told告诉，过去式；tell告诉，原形。after后接动词的动名词形式。故选A。40．句意：女士们，先生们，正是那个善良的女人在我心中播下了第一粒善良的种子。which哪一个；whose谁的；who谁；whom谁。句子是强调句型itwas...that/who...，被强调部分kindwoman是人物，应用who。故选C。41．C42．C43．B44．B45．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了索菲在上学期间曾长期遭受校园霸凌。幸运的是，她最后走出阴影，并把自身的经历做成了一个游戏，希望以此来引起人们对校园霸凌问题的关注。41．推理判断题。根据第二段“Sophie,15,fromGuangxi,hadbeenbulliedinschoolforaround9years.Somemadefunofherclothesandherweight.Herroommatescalledherathief.Herclassmatesspreadrumors（谣言）aboutherandthennoonewantedtoplaywithher.”可推断索菲的校园生活是很糟糕的。故选C。42．词句猜测题。根据“Thisconditiongivespeopledifficultiesinsocia