Unit 2 Water【速记清单】-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元速记•巧练（牛津上海版）（原卷版）

第页Unit2Water本课重点washbasinvanishfreezeimpatientobeycomfortablyspeedrelaxpumpprecious本课难点freeze-froze-frozeninreply(to)为答复……；作为对……的答复make(no)reply（不）作答复replyforsb.代表某人作答辩／答谢祝酒replyto回答，答复lookround=lookaround环顾四周enjoytheview欣赏风景finishwith完成，结束常考难点Itis十adj.+forsb.(ofsb.)todosth.（对事加以评论／对人加以评论）【辨析】will与begoingto的区别【辨析】speed指快速的运动或行动。hurry意指比通常快得多的速度，经常伴随着混乱或骚动。remembernottodosth.记得不要做某事考点1.vanishv.消失，突然不见e.g.Ithoughtitwouldrain,butthecloudshavevanishedandit'safineday.我原以为天要下雨的，可是云消失了，是个好天。【常用搭配】vanishintotheair/fromsight消失不见vanishindarkness在黑暗中消失vanishintonothing化为乌有考点2.freezev.突然停止，惊呆e.g.Fearmadehimfreezeinhistracks.恐惧使他突然停止前进。Hefrozeinfrontoftheaudience.他在观众面前吓呆了。【知识拓展】freezev.冷冻，冷藏（食物）e.g.Notallfruitandvegetablesfreezewell.并非所有的水果和蔬菜都适合冷藏。考点3.impatientadj.不耐烦的，急躁的e.g.Asanurseryteacher,youmustn'tbeimpatientwiththechildren.作为幼儿园教师，你不该对孩子急躁。【知识拓展】patientadj.有耐心的e.g.Sheissokindandalwayspatientwiththosenaughtychildren.她对这些淘气的孩子们是如此和蔼、有耐心。patiencen.容忍，耐心e.g.Ihavenopatiencewithhimagain.我对他不再有耐心了。考点4.comfortablyadv.安乐地，舒适地e.g.Hesatcomfortablyinhisarmchair.他舒服地坐在扶手椅上。【知识拓展】comfortableadj.舒适的，舒服的e.g.Shelivesacomfortablelife.她过着舒适的生活。comfortv.安慰，鼓舞n.安乐，舒适，安逸e.g.Helivedincomfort.他过得很舒服。Shecomfortedthesickchild.她安慰这个生病的孩子。考点5.viewn.景色，风景e.g.Ihaveaverygoodviewfromthetower.我从塔上望出去，景色非常好。Thehousehasaviewoverthesea.这房子面向大海，视野开阔。Wecameinviewofthelakeasweturnedthecorner.我们转过弯就能看见那个湖了。考点6.speedv.加速，加快e.g.Theambulancespedtothehospital.救护车快速开往医院。Hewasarrestedforspeeding.他因超速行车而被捕。指点迷津:speed,hurry(1)speed指快速的运动或行动。e.g.Thetrainspedthroughthecountryside.火车从乡间飞驰而过。PostalworkerslabouredovertimetospeeddeliveryoftheChristmasmail.邮电工人加班加点以加快圣诞节期间信件的发送。(2)hurry意指比通常快得多的速度，经常伴随着混乱或骚动。e.g.Ifyoudon'thurry,you'llmisstheplane.如果你不迅速些，你将会错过班机了。Don'tletanyonehurryyouintomakingadecisionyou'llregretlater.不要在任何人的催促下作出你以后会为之后悔的决定。考点7.thoroughadj.彻底的，完全的e.g.Theymadeathoroughsearchforthelostring,butdidn'tfindit.他们仔细地寻找过那枚丢失的戒指，可是没有找到。【知识拓展】thoroughlyadv.十分地，彻底地e.g.Theworkhadnotbeendoneverythoroughly.这个工作做得不太彻底。考点8.plantn.工厂，车间e.g.Whentheplantcloseddown,manyfactoryworkerslosttheirjobs.工厂关门了，很多工人失业了。【知识拓展】plantn.植物e.g.Treesandvegetablesareplants.树和蔬菜是植物。考点9.pumpv.用泵输送e.g.Thevillagershadpumpedthewelldryandcouldgetnomorewater.村民们已把井水抽干了，再也抽不出水来了。Hepumpeduphistyres.他给车胎打足了气。【知识拓展】pumpn.泵；水泵e.g.inflattyreswithapump用气泵给轮胎充气考点10.replyn.答复，回复v.回答，答复e.g.Adriannoddedinreplytomyquestion.对于我的提问，阿德里安点头表示同意。Alotofpeoplerepliedtoouradvertisemen.有许多人对我们的广告作出了反应。【常用搭配】inreply(to)为答复……；作为对……的答复make(no)reply（不）作答复replyforsb.代表某人作答辩／答谢祝酒replyto回答，答复指点迷津：anwser,replay(1)answer较常用，如：answeraquestion(thedoorbell,thephone,theletter,etc.)e.g.Hehasansweredmyletter.（此句仅表明他回了我的信。说明他已经收到我的信。）(2)而reply则较正式，意指经过深思熟虑后答复对方的问题和论点。e.g.Hehasrepliedtomyletter.（此句表明他将我信中的问题都一一回答了。）考点11.lookround=lookaround环顾四周e.g.Helookedaroundbutsawnobody.他往四周看，可是没看见任何人。【知识拓展】lookat看，朝……看lookafter照料lookback(与on，to连用)回想，记起lookdownon轻视，看不起lookfor寻找lookforwardto盼望，期待looklike看起来像lookon/upon看作lookout注意，当心lookoutof朝……外看lookover翻阅，浏览lookround环视lookthrough从头看完，透视lookup在书中查到，查阅（词典）lookupanddown上下打量语法精讲一、(a)few和(a)little的用法1.(a)few用在可数名词之前，(a)little用在不可数名词之前。e.g.Hetookafewbiscuits.(=several)他拿了几块饼干。Hetookfewbiscuits.(=notmany)他拿的饼干不多。Hetookalittlebutter.(=some)他拿了点黄油。Hetooklittlebutter.(＝notmuch)他拿的黄油不多。2.few可由hardlyany或almostno所取代，含否定的意味。e.g.Thecompositioniswellwritten;ithasfew(=hardlyany)mistakes.这篇作文写得很好，几乎没什么错误。Few(=Almostno)mencansolveit.几乎没有人能解决它。3.afew相当于some(several)，含肯定的意味。e.g.Hehasafew(=someorseveral)friends.他有一些朋友。4.alittle和little之间的区别，就和afew和few的区别一样，只是(a)little需修饰不可数名词，表数量或程度。e.g.Hegrowsworse;thereislittlehopeofhisrecovery.他病情恶化了，恢复的希望很小了。Heisnotmuchbetter,butthereisalittlehope.他病情不是那么好，但是有点希望。二、其他表示数量的词组用法1.plentyof,alotof,lotsof均表许多，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。e.g.Theroomcontainedplentyof/alotof/lotsofstudents.这个教室容纳了许多学生。（复数名词）Theroomcontainedplentyof/alotof/lotsoffurniture.这个教室容纳了许多家具。（不可数名词）2.agreat/agood/dealof,alarge/asmall/quantityof,alarge/asmall/amountof，均表数量，修饰不可数名词。e.g.Theroomcontainedagreatdealoffurniture.（不可数名词）Theroomcontainedagooddealoffurniture.（不可数名词）Theroomcontainedalargequantityoffurniture.（不可数名词）Theroomcontainedalargeamountoffurniture.（不可数名词）Theroomcontainedasmallquantityoffurniture.（不可数名词）Theroomcontainedasmallamountoffurniture.（不可数名词）3.anumberof表示“许多；一些”；agreat/large/good/numberof表示“许多”，修饰复数可数名词，并且要与复数动词连用。e.g.Anumberofbooksaremissingfromthelibrary.图书馆的许多图书丢失了。Thenumberofbooksfromthelibraryislarge.图书馆的图书数量很大。thenumberof+复数名词+单数(be)动词Theroomcontainedagreat/large/goodnumberofstudents.（复数可数名词）这个教室容纳了许多学生。8BUnit2Vocabulary（牛津）序号英文音标词性中文1/'deɪlɪ/adv.每天2/ə'maʊnt/n.数量，数额3/ɪn'kriːs/v.(使)增加4/rɪ'meɪn/v.仍然是；保持不变5/'sɪmb(ə)l/n.符号6/fləʊ/v.流动7/'wɒʃbeɪs(ə)n/n.洗脸盆8/'vænɪʃ/v.突然消失9/dreɪn/n.下水道10/ɪm'peɪʃ(ə)nt/adj.不耐烦的11/ə(ʊ)'beɪ/v.服从；遵守12/feɪnt/adj.(光、声、味)微弱的13/fləʊt/v.浮；漂；飘动；漂移14/'kʌmftəbli/adv.舒服地15/rɪ'læks/v.放松；休息16净化17/'triːtm(ə)nt/n.(净化或防治)处理加工18/'wɜːks/n.工厂19/'θʌrə/adj.彻底的；完全的20/'kliːnɪŋ/n.打扫；清洁21/paɪp/n.管子；管道22/ən'tɪl/conj.直到……为止23/'suːɪdʒ/n.(下水道的)污水，污物24污水处理厂25/pʌmp/v.用泵输送26/'preʃəs/adj.宝贵的27/'lɪkwɪd/n.液体28/rest/v.休息29/'ɔːdɪn(ə)rɪ/adj.普通的；平常的30/mænjʊ'fæktʃə/v.(用机器)大量生产31/ɪ'kwɪpm(ə)nt/n.设备；器材32/tuːl/n.工具33/tʃɑːt/n.图表（2）8BU2词性转换整理序号单词词性释义1n.价值adj.无价值的；不值钱的adj.有价值的2n.处理；加工v.治疗；对待3v.洗澡；沐浴n.洗澡；沐浴4n.科学n.科学家adj.科学的；系统的5v.使…冻住；使…结冰adj.冻结的；冷酷的adj.寒冷的6n.舒适；安慰adj.舒适的adj.不舒服的；不安的adv.舒服地；充裕地7adj.耐心的；能容忍的adj.不耐烦的n.不耐烦；无耐心(3)8BU2知识点整理It’stimeforsth.=It’stimetodosth.是时候该做……e.g. It’stimeforlunch.=It’stimetohavelunch. It’stimeforbed.=It’stimetogotobed.joy(n.)愉快toone’sgreatjoyenjoy(v.)enjoysth./doingsth.enjoyone’stime=enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime名词量的表达只修饰可数名词只修饰不可数名词可数、不可数名词均可修饰基数词（a）few/fewer/toofew（a）little/less/toolittleall,enough,none,mostacoupleof,many(not)toomanymuch,toomuch,(not)toomuchmore,some,any,enoughhundredsof,thousandsof,millionsof,billionsof,severalabitof,bitsofalotof,lotsof,massesofdozensof,scoresofagreatdealofplenty/piles/heapsofa(great/large)numberofmanya,agreat/goodmanyalargeamountof,anamountoflarge/hugeamountsoflargequantitiesofalargequantityofPracticePractice主题阅读—水资源一、选词填空根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词完成句子，并填写在对应的横线上。部分单词在填入前需进行词形转换，每个单词只能用一次，每空只能填一词。pollution

their

get

serious

twoWithmoreandmorepeopleintheworld,moreandmorewaterisused.Infact,wateruseisgrowingmorethan1asfastastheworld’spopulation!Asaresult,2good,cleanwaterisbecomingaprobleminmanyplaces.Alotofwateris3pollutedandinmanyareaspeoplehavetowalkalongwaytogetcleanwaterfor4daily(日常的)use.Morethan3.4millionpeopledieeachyearfromdrinkingandwashingwithpollutedwater.Solet’sdowhateverwecandotostopthe5andsavewater.Don’tletourtears(眼泪)becomethelastdropofwater.二、阅读理解Ofallthethingsweeatanddrink,wateristhemostimportant.Wecanlivewithoutfoodforsomedays,butifwedon’thavewaterforthreeorfourdays,wemaydie.Doyouknowwaterwell?Letmetellyou.TheBluePlanetisanothernameoftheearth.That’sbecauseaboutthree-fourthsoftheearthiscoveredbywater.Peoplethinkwearenotshortofwater.Infact,theyarewrong.Mostofthewaterissaltwater.Onlyabout3%isfreshwaterthatwecandrink.Youmightthinkthatmostofthefreshwaterontheearthisinthelakesandrivers,infact,lessthan1%ofthefreshwatercanbefoundintheseplaces.Around70%oftheearth’sfreshwaterisiceinthepolar(极地的)places.Theyarefarfromus.Andthewaterthereistoughtocarry.Thesecondmostfreshwaterontheearthisgroundwater.Someplacesdon’thavefreshwaterfromriversandlakes,sothepeoplethereusegroundwaterfordrinkingandotheruses.Butbecausepeopleusechemicals(化学制品)infarmingandfactories,somegroundwaterispolluted.Theearthhaslittleusablewater.Luckily,eachofuscandosomethingtosavewater.Peoplearesavingwaterwiselyintheirowncities.Ifweworktogether,wewillhaveabetterworld.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。6．Whatpercentageoftheearthiscoveredbywater?A．About25%. B．About75%. C．About43%. D．About85%7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tough”inParagraph3mean?A．Difficult. B．Common. C．Dangerous. D．Easy.8．Whichonecanleadtothepollutiontogroundwateraccordingtothepassage?A．Rain. B．Ice. C．Salt. D．Chemicals.9．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Peoplearenotshortofwater.B．Mostofthewaterontheearthisfreshwater.C．Wecanfindmostofthefreshwaterintheriversontheearth.D．About70%oftheearth’sfreshwaterisiceinthepolarplaces.10．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Askpeopletosavewater. B．Talkaboutthepollution.C．Tellreadersdifferentkindsofwater. D．Tellsomethingsaboutfreshwater.三、完形填空Asweknow,waterisveryimportanttoman,wecan’tlive11water.Althoughtherearetoomuchwaterontheearth,Theamountof(数量)waterwhichissuitable(适合)todrinkislessandless.Butsomepeopledon’t12aboutit.Theywastealotofwaterintheirdailylife.Even13,theypourdirtywaterintorivers.Andtheythrowtherubbishintorivers,too.Theypollutedmanyriversandlakes14.Wemustdo15tostopthepollution.Ialsothink16wecandoistosaveeverydropofwateraspossibleaswecan.Asmiddleschoolstudents,wemust17thetap(水龙头)immediatelyafterweuseit.Wecanusethebasinto18ourhandsandfaces.It’sagoodideatoencourage(鼓励)myfriendsandfamilytojoinme.Onlyinthisway,wecanlive19.Ifwedon’t,thelastdropofwaterwillbeatear-dropofus.Boysandgirls,let’s20waterandactatonce.11．A．for B．of C．with D．without12．A．care B．talk C．hear D．know13．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst14．A．probably B．easily C．serious D．seriously15．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything16．A．how B．where C．why D．what17．A．turnon B．turnoff C．turnup D．turndown18．A．shake B．clean C．wash D．serve19．A．easily B．cheaply C．comfortably D．happily20．A．use B．drink C．save D．share四、短文填空请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的英文单词，使短文通顺。March22is