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木材与竹材的化学改性技术研究考核试卷考生姓名：________________答题日期：________________得分：_________________判卷人：_________________
一、单项选择题（本题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）
1.木材和竹材进行化学改性的主要目的是（）
A.提高木材的燃烧性能
B.增强竹材的耐腐蚀性
C.降低材料的力学性能
D.改善材料的表面光泽
2.以下哪种方法不属于木材的化学改性技术？（）
A.硅化
B.酚化
C.碱化
D.真空干燥
3.竹材的化学改性方法中，通常使用的交联剂是（）
A.硅烷偶联剂
B.醋酸酐
C.硫酸
D.磷酸
4.木材化学改性的过程中，下列哪项因素对改性效果影响最大？（）
A.温度
B.压力
C.时间
D.材料的初始含水率
5.在酚醛树脂改性木材中，酚与甲醛的摩尔比通常为（）
A.1:1
B.1:2
C.2:1
D.3:1
6.以下哪种方法不适合用于提高竹材的耐腐性能？（）
A.硅烷化处理
B.醋酸化处理
C.碱处理
D.紫外线照射
7.化学改性后的木材在应用中，下列哪项优势最为显著？（）
A.提高材料的韧性
B.增强材料的耐磨性
C.提高材料的防火性能
D.减少材料的吸水膨胀性
8.竹材的化学改性过程中，以下哪种现象最不可能出现？（）
A.重量增加
B.体积膨胀
C.强度下降
D.抗弯性能提高
9.下列哪种化学改性方法可以显著提高木材的耐候性？（）
A.硅化
B.酚化
C.乙酰化
D.碱处理
10.在进行化学改性时，竹材与改性剂的最佳混合方式是（）
A.干燥混合
B.湿润混合
C.蒸汽混合
D.高温混合
11.木材的乙酰化改性能够（）
A.增加木材的吸水性
B.提高木材的尺寸稳定性
C.降低木材的力学强度
D.减少木材的燃烧热值
12.在木材和竹材的化学改性过程中，下列哪种化学试剂主要用于增加材料的交联度？（）
A.醋酸酐
B.丙酮
C.甲醇
D.水
13.竹材化学改性后，以下哪种性能最有可能下降？（）
A.抗弯强度
B.抗冲击性能
C.耐磨损性
D.尺寸稳定性
14.以下哪种方法不是评估木材化学改性效果的方法？（）
A.红外光谱分析
B.扫描电镜分析
C.质量损失测定
D.音频分析
15.在化学改性过程中，通常不会用到的物理现象是（）
A.热膨胀
B.吸附作用
C.酸碱中和
D.光照作用
16.下列哪种木材改性技术可以减少木材的吸湿性？（")
A.碱处理
B.醋酸化
C.硅化
D.热处理
17.对于竹材的化学改性，以下哪种环境因素会影响改性效果？（）
A.湿度
B.光照
C.温度
D.以上都是
18.下列哪项不是木材酚化改性的优点？（）
A.提高木材的耐化学性
B.提高木材的防虫性能
C.降低木材的吸水率
D.增加木材的脆性
19.在化学改性木材时，通常不会使用的化学试剂是（）
A.硅烷偶联剂
B.酚醛树脂
C.甲醛
D.氢氧化钠
20.关于竹材的化学改性，下列哪种说法是错误的？（）
A.可以提高竹材的耐久性
B.可以改善竹材的物理性能
C.不会影响竹材的环保性能
D.可以提高竹材的化学稳定性
（注：以下为空白答题区域，供考生填写答案）
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