2024-2025学年高二英语必修第三册（译林版）UNIT 4 Section A教学课件

UNIT4

ScientistswhochangedtheworldSectionA

Welcometotheunit&Reading课文预习自测Ⅰ阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）1.ForwhatdidTuYouyouwin2015NobelPrize?A.Whatshehaddonetofightagainstmalaria. B.Thedecreaseddeathrateofmalaria.C.Heraccidentaldiscoveryofqinghaosu. D.Hercontributionasthefirstfemalescientist.2.WhataretheParagraphs3-5mainlyabout?A.Howcomplextheexperimentswere.

B.TuYouyou’sdifficultiesandsolutions.C.TheassistanceTuYouyougotfromherteammates.D.Lackofresourcesdidn’tpreventthesuccessofthescientist.○○3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.TuYouyouthinkshighlyoftraditionalChinesemedicine.B.TuYouyouisthefirstChinesescientisttowintheNobelPrize.C.Thetrialsonrealpatientswerepostponedfortheirunwillingness.D.ThediscoveryofqinghaosuismainlyduetotheinspirationofancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicine.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTuYouyouandherteam?A.Fortunateandenergetic. B.Patientandresponsible.C.Reliableandstubborn. D.Wiseanddetermined.○○Ⅱ语法填空（根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式）

TuYouyouisthefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChina1__________（win）theNobelPrizeforherachievementagainstmalaria，oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.Shediscoveredqinghaosu，greatly2__________（reduce）thedeathrateofmalariapatients.

Tu，3__________majoredinmedicineatuniversityandcompletedfurthertrainingcoursesintraditionalChinesemedicineaftergraduation，has4__________

goodknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.Tu’seducationhelpedheralot.WhenTuledaresearchteamin1969tofindacureforthedisease，she5___________（inspire）toconsulttheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicinewhentheyfailedtoachieveanyofthe6__________（expect）results.In1971，after190failures，shesuccessfullymadeqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatmalariainmice.Shethenovercamethedifficultyofextractingqinghao7__________

largequantitiesduetolimitedresources.Workingdayandnight8__________（weak）theirhealthbutnotshooktheirresolve.9__________（late），thetrialsonrealpatientsmightbedelayedbecausetheydidnotmasterenoughdata.Tuandherteammembersvolunteeredtofirsttesttheqinghaoextractonthemselves.

TheeffortsofTuandherteam10__________（eventual）paidoffwhentheysuccessfullyisolatedqinghaosuin1972，benefitingabout200millionmalariapatients.Morethan40yearslater，TuwasawardedaNobelPrize.InherNobelLecture，sheencouragedscientiststoexploretraditionalChinesemedicineandtakeittonewheights.towinreducingwhoawasinspiredexpectedinweakenedLatereventually核心词汇教材原句p.44 ...oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.

……人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。1deadlyadj.致命的；十足的，彻底的；极度的deadlyenemies不共戴天的敌人Belcheriseasnakeisoneofthedeadliestsnakesintheworld.贝尔彻海蛇是世界上最致命的毒蛇之一。【词语积累】deadadj.死的，无生命的，麻木的，死气沉沉的dievi.死亡，灭亡；枯萎；消失deathn.死，死亡；毁灭【归纳拓展】burn/starvetodeath烧死/饿死

bebored/scared/frightenedtodeath无聊得/吓得要死 题组练·领悟方法完成句子（1）Todefeatcholera，

（当时一种致命的疾病），wasarealchallengetomanyscientists.（2）Wearingauniform，hestoodbeforethestatueinmemoryof_____________________（已故英雄）.单句语法填空（3）［词汇复现］Hedidn’twanttobeattacked.Thiswaswhyhepublishedhisideasbeforehis__________（die）.adeadlydiseaseofitsdaydeaththedeadhero教材原句p.44Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinghaosu，malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.由于她发现了青蒿素，全世界疟疾患者的生存机会大大增加。2survivaln.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物Alotofsmallcompaniesareatriskandtheyhavetofightforsurvival.很多小公司处境危险，它们不得不为生存而拼搏。Illegalhuntingisthreateningthesurvivalofthespecies.非法狩猎正威胁着物种的存在。［词汇复现］【词语积累】survivev.活下来，幸存survivorn.幸存者，生还者【学法点拨】

v.+-al→n.survive→survival幸存 refuse→refusal拒绝arrive→arrival到达 approve→approval赞成单句语法填空（1）Manmustalsofollowthelawofnature：

（survive）ofthefittest.（2）［词汇复现］Theworkersbuiltsheltersforthosewho

（survive）theterribleearthquake.（3）［词汇复现］The

（survive）inthedisasterwererescuedrightaway.完成句子（4）Dogshaveaverygoodsenseofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchfor_____________________________（地震中的幸存者）.（5）Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand

（我们生存的唯一方式）istoliveinharmonywithnature.survivalsurvivedsurvivorssurvivorsinanearthquaketheonlywayforustosurvive教材原句p.44...Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtondacureforthedisease.……屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长，计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。3intendvi.&vt.想要，计划；意指 intendtodo/doingsth.打算/想要做某事 intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事 beintendedfor专为……准备/设计的Theyintendtolaunchacampaigntoraisemoney.他们打算发起一场募捐活动。TheheadmasterintendedJimtodeliveraspeechinfrontofthewholeschool.校长打算让吉姆在全校师生面前做演讲。［词汇复现］Thebookisintendedforspecialistsinlinguistics.这本书是专为语言学专家写的。【误区警示】hadintendedtodosth.意为“本打算做某事”，表示过去未曾实现的愿望。有这种用法的词还有plan，hope，think，expect，mean等。 搭配完成句子（1）Thebookaswellastheflowers

（专为……准备）mymother，butmyfatherthoughttheywereforhimandtookthem.（2）Ididn’t

（打算让她看到）thepaintinguntilitwasfinished.（3）Thismedicine

（是为了让孩子）freeofsickness.单句语法填空（4）I

（intend）tocome，butwaspreventedbythebadweather.wasintendedforintendhertoseeisintendedtokeepchildrenhadintended教材原句p.45...TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.……屠呦呦再次去查阅历代中医药典籍。4referto（1）指的是，涉及，与……相关“TheTrueNorth”referstoatrainthatcrossesthewholecontinent.“真北方号”指的是穿越整个大陆的一列火车。［词汇复现］（2）提到，谈到搭配：referto...as...称……为……Theyagreednevertorefertothematteragain.他们同意永远不再提这件事了。Helikestobereferredtoas“DoctorKhee”.他喜欢别人叫他“基博士”。（3）查阅，参考Hemadethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotes.他脱稿发表了演讲。【归纳拓展】referto/turnto/consultthedictionary查词典lookup...inthedictionary在词典中查阅……

写出句中referto的含义（1）IwasnotreferringtoherwhenIsaidso.（2）Nowthattheboyhasbeenpunished，pleasedon’trefertothatmatteragain.

（3）Theteacheraskedusnottorefertoourbooksordictionarieswhenwewereintheexam.完成句子（4）Insteadof

（查词典），Ialwaystrytoguessthemeaningsofthenewwordsinthepassage.指的是提到查阅，参考referringto/turningtothedictionary教材原句p.45...Turedesignedtheexperimentsandtriedextractingtheherbatalowtemperature...……屠呦呦重新设计了实验，她尝试在低温下提取青蒿……5experimentn.实验；试验vi.进行实验/试验 do/carryoutanexperiment做实验 perform/conductanexperiment进行实验 byexperiment通过实验 laboratoryexperiments实验室实验 fieldexperiments现场实验 experimentwith/on用……做实验Theseexperimentsshowedthatourbodyclocksareaffectedbylightandtemperature.这些实验表明我们的生物钟受光和温度的影响。Scientistsarestillexperimentingwithcloningmammals.科学家还在试验克隆哺乳动物。［词汇复现］【词语积累】experimentaladj.实验的，实验性的 搭配完成句子（1）Inarecentstudy，professorsinPekingUniversity_______________________________________________（进行了一些实验）.（2）

（用……做实验）materialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.单句语法填空（3）［词汇复现］Youcanneverbetoocarefulwhile

（experiment）withelectronicdevices.（4）Astrictconclusionmustbeproved

experiment.experimentsperformed/conductedsomeExperimentingwithexperimentingby教材原句p.45...becauseresearchresourceswerelimited.由于研究资源有限……6limitedadj.有限的limitedresources有限的资源Shedressedupinthelimitedtime.她在有限的时间里装扮完毕。Mylifeislimited，butlearningislimitless.吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。【词语积累】limitvt.限制，限定n.［C］限度，限制；限量 limit...to...把……限制在……，局限于……withinlimits在某种程度上；有一定限制 withoutlimit无限制地setalimiton...设定的……限度 Thereisa/nolimitto...……是有/无限度的。atime/speed/agelimit时间/速度/年龄限制Youmustlimitthespeedofyourcarwherepeoplegathertogether.在人们聚集的地方，你必须限制车速。Thedamagewaslimitedtotheroof.只有屋顶受到了损坏。［词汇复现］Wesetalimitonhowmuchwespendonclothes.

我们给服装的开支设定了一个限额。There’snolimittowhatyoucandoifyoutry.如果你努力的话，成就无可限量。

单句语法填空（1）Wearedoingourbestwiththe

（limit）resourcesavailable.（2）Justlikeavoyageatsea，ourlifejourney，whosedaysare

（limit），isfullofdifficulties.（3）Ihavebeenaskedtolimitmyspeech

tenminutes.（4）Thereisalimittoone’slife，butnolimitto

（serve）thepeople.完成句子（5）Theteachingofhistoryshouldnot

（局限于）datesandfigures.（6）Ithinkweoughtto

（严格限制）theamountoftimewecanspendontheproject.limitedlimitedtoservingbelimitedtosetastrictlimiton教材原句p.45Thetrialsonpatientswerelikelytobepostponedbecausetheydidnothavesufficientsafetydata.因为他们没有充足的安全性数据，在病人身上进行实验有可能推迟。7postponevt.延迟；延期（同义短语：putoff） postponedoingsth推迟做某事 postponesth.until...把某事推迟至……

postponeforfivemonths延期五个月postponetoWednesday推迟到星期三Thegamehasbeenpostponedthreetimes.比赛已经三度延期了。Theyhavedecidedtopostponehavingababyforawhile.他们决定推迟一段时间要孩子。Wewillhavetopostponethemeetinguntil/tonextweek.我们不得不将会议推迟到下星期。 搭配完成句子（1）Let’s

（推迟做决定）untilwehavemoreinformation.（2）Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthatthemeeting

（将会被推迟）.单句语法填空（3）Thegamewasinterruptedbyrain，sotheyhadnoalternativebut

（postpone）it. postponemakingadecisionwouldbepostponedtopostpone8sufficient

adj.足够的，充足的 besufficienttodosth.足以做某事 besufficientfor...对……来说足够sufficientexperience足够的经验sufficientmoney足够的钱Ahandfulofforeigncoinsareoftennotsufficienttobuymuchfromtheduty-freeshop.一把外国硬币在免税商店往往不够买太多东西。Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel，themanagerisreluctanttoinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.虽然宾馆的服务很差，但经理仍然不愿意投资对员工进行充分的培训。【词语积累】sufficientlyadv.足够地，充足地 搭配单句语法填空（1）Themoneyisnotsufficient

（cover）everythingthatneedsdoing.（2）Is￡100sufficient

yourexpenses?（3）Ihadn’ttrained

（sufficient）fortheconference.完成句子（4）Threedictionaries

（对……来说是足够的）afirst-gradepupil.tocoverforsufficientlyaresufficientfor教材原句p.45 Tospeeduptheprocessandensureitssafety...

为了加快进程并确保安全……9speedup加速（反义短语：slowdown减速，慢下来）Dadsteppedonthegasandthecarspedupto100kph.爸爸一踩油门，车速提至每小时100千米。Pleasespeedup，oryouwilllosesightofthecaryouarefollowing.请加速，要不然你就看不见你跟踪的汽车了。Canyoutryandspeedthingsupabit?你能不能设法加快一点事情的进度？【归纳拓展】ataspeedof以……的速度 athigh/low/full/topspeed以高速/低速/全速/最高速aspeedlimit/restriction速度限制 pickup/gain/gatherspeed加速speedby（时间）很快地过去，飞逝【学法点拨】speed的过去式和过去分词分别是sped，sped或speeded，speeded。 单句语法填空（1）Theyarebroadeningthebridgetospeed

theflowoftraffic.（2）Twomonthshadsped

beforeheknew.（3）［词汇复现］Even

lowspeed，anaccidentcouldmeanseriousinjuryforachild.用speed短语完成短文（4）［词汇复现］Tomisacautiousdriver.Mostofthetime，hedriveshiscar______________（以……的速度）40kilometersperhour.Butthismorningtherewasaninjuredmaninhiscar，sohegradually______________（加速）andafterawhile，hebegantodrivehiscar______________（以全速）tosendtheinjuredmantothenearesthospital.upbyatataspeedofspedupatfullspeed教材原句p.45 TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.

屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。10payoff（1）得到好结果，取得成功Sandraselectedtobecomeadoctorandherdeterminationpaidoff.桑德拉选择成为一名医生，她的决心得到了回报。（2）偿清，付清Fiveyearslater，2018tobeexact，Mr.Wangpaidoffthedebtofhishouse.五年后，确切地说是2018年，王先生还清了买房子的债务。（3）付清工资后解雇Theaffairindicatesthatmoreemployeeswillbepaidoffbeforelong.这一事件表明不久后会有更多的雇员在付清工资后被解雇。［词汇复现］【学法点拨】payoff意为“得到好结果，取得成功”时，物作主语；意为“偿清”时，人作主语。【归纳拓展】payback偿还，报复 paydown（分期或部分）支付，偿还payup付清全部欠款 payfor为……付钱，为……付出代价

写出句中payoff的含义（1）—Dad，Idon’tthinkOlivertherightsortofapersonforthejob.—Isee.Iwillgorightawayandpayhimoff.（2）MynephewstartedanewlifeinItalydespitemanyhardships，andhishardworkfinallypaidoff.

（3）Wewillhavemoremoneytospendafterwepayoffourdebt.

完成句子（4）Whicheveroneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhaveto

（为……付钱）it. （5）Theathlete’syearsofhardtraining

（得到回报）whenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.付清工资后解雇得到好结果偿清payforpaidoff 教材原句p.45InNovember1972，throughtrialanderror，theysuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosu...通过反复试验，1972年11月，他们成功地发现了青蒿素……11errorn.错误，差错admitanerror承认错误 correctanerror改正错误avoidanerror避免错误 makeanerror犯错误fallintoerror误入歧途 pointoutanerror指出错误throughtrialanderror反复试验Theaccidentwascausedbyhumanerror.这宗事故是由人为过失造成的。Hereinthedayofdigital，thisisasimpletaskthatcanbeachievedthroughtrialanderror.在数字化的时代，这是一项很容易通过反复试验完成的任务。

单句语法填空（1）Theaccidentwascausedby

errorofjudgmentonthepartofthepilot.（2）It’sproofthathumanscanbuildafullyfunctioningecosystemsimply

trialanderror.完成句子（3）

（通过反复试验），Ihavefoundaneasywayofmakingsurethateventhesmallestdetailistakencareof.anthroughThroughtrialanderror教材原句p.45 ...willindeeddiscovermoremedicinesbeneficialtoglobalhealthcare.

……将发现更多有益于全球医疗保健的药物。12beneficialadj.有益的；受益的搭配：bebeneficialto对……有益Itisbeneficialtoeyesighttodoeyeexercises.做眼保健操对视力有益。【归纳拓展】benefitv.使受益；得益于n.益处，好处benefitfrom/by从……中受益，受益于…… forthebenefitof为了……的利益

【学法点拨】bebeneficialto=beofbenefitto=benefit对……有益Sunlightisbeneficialtoplants.Sunlightisofbenefittoplants.Sunlightbenefitsplants.Plantsbenefitfromsunlight.

阳光对植物有益。单句语法填空（1）Thenewhospitalwillbe

（benefit）tothelocalpoorpeople.（2）Itisevidentthatkidscanbenefit

readinglargequantitiesofbooks.完成句子（3）Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals

（为了……的利益）allofitscitizens.一句多译（4）多读书对我们有益。_____________________________________（beneficial）_____________________________________（benefitvt.）_____________________________________（beofbenefit）_____________________________________（benefitfrom/by）beneficialfromforthebenefitofReadingalotisbeneficialtous.Readingalotbenefitsus.Readingalotisofbenefittous.Webenefitfrom/byreadingalot.教材原句p.47 Theireffortstoconductresearchinbothfieldsmayfinallypayoff.

他们在这两个领域进行研究的努力可能最终得到回报。13conductv.&n.（1）v.指挥；管理；主持；实施；表现 conductoneselfwell/badly表现好/差

conductanorchestra/achoir指挥管弦乐队/合唱团 conductthecompany/interview管理公司/主持面试 conduct（=carryout）asurvey/aninvestigation开展调查 conduct（=carryout）anexperiment做实验

Whatannoyedhisparentswasthathedidn’tconducthimselfwellattheparty.令他父母恼火的是他在聚会上举止不当。Alotofresearchisbeingconductedinthisarea.很多研究工作正在这个领域内开展。（2）n.行为，举止，品行therulesofconduct行为准则 improper/violent/offensiveconduct不恰当的/暴力的/无礼的行为【词语积累】conductorn.指挥；售票员 搭配完成句子（1）It’snotsuitableforyouto

（举止不雅）onsuchanoccasion.（2）

（考虑到他的行为），hisparentsforbadehimtogooutalone.（3）［词汇复现］Idecidedto

（进行一项实验）toprovemytheoryconcerninglearningefficiency. 单句语法填空（4）［词汇复现］Experimentsofthiskind

（conduct）inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.（5）Sheranksfirstamongthecountry’sleading

（conduct）.conductyourselfbadlyInviewofhisconductconductanexperimenthadbeenconductedconductors重点句式教材原句p.44TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize...屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家……【句式分析】不定式短语toreceiveaNobelPrize作scientist的后置定语。1thefirst+n.+todo第一个做……的……当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，通常用不定式作后置定语。被修饰词与不定式之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。JaneGoodallwasthefirstwomantostudytheconnectionsbetweenchimpsandhumanbeings.珍·古道尔是第一位研究黑猩猩与人类之间联系的女性。【学法点拨】不定式作后置定语的其他情况：（1）被修饰词被形容词最高级或theonly，thevery，theright等修饰时；（2）表示将来的动作时，常用不定式作后置定语；（3）名词ability，chance，promise，opportunity，wish等常用不定式作后置定语。Hewasthebestmantodothejob.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.我有好消息要告诉你。Pleasegivemeachancetoexplain.请给我一个解释的机会。

单句语法填空（1）Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine

（reduce）theoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.（2）Heisalwaysthefirst

（come）andthelast

（leave）.（3）Hewasthefirstspe