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UNIT5FIRSTAIDDiscoverusefulstructure复习动词-ing形式
动词ing形式1.动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种。2.动词ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。v-ing功能分类v-ing形式动名词现在分词主语宾语表语定语定语表语状语宾补Playingwithfireisdangerous.Jimlikesjumpinginmuddypuddles.Herideaisbuildingupanewcompany.Peoplelivingtherearequitefriendly.Hereallyneedsawashingmachine.Theperformancewasreallyamazing.Laughingandtalking,theywentin.Ilovetowatchherperformingonthestage.
主动语态被动语态肯定式否定式肯定式否定式一般式doing完成式havingbeen
done一、-ing形式的结构notdoingbeingdonenotbeingdonehavingdonenothavingdonenothavingbeen
done时态意义:动词-ing所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示动作之后,或者与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。时态意义:动词-ing所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示动作之前。语态意义:动词-ing形式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系语态意义:动词-ing形式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系关系knowingHavingspent主动式,一般式主动式,完成式二、-ing形式的用法1.动词-ing形式做主语(2)动词-ing形式做主语,可放在句首或句末,放在句末时长用it做形式主语。做……是浪费时间的做……是没益/用处/乐趣的做……是没有用的做……是值得的做……没有道理It+is/was+awasteoftimedoing…
Itis/wasnogood/use/fun/pleasuredoing…Itis/wasuselessdoing…Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing…Thereis/wasnosenseindoing…(1)动词-ing形式做主语,谓语动词要用________.单数Returningis2.动词-ing形式做宾语动词-ing形式做宾语,可位于(短语)动词之后,也可以位于介词之后①接动词-ing作宾语的动词,常见的有:考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想,避免错过继续练,否认完成停能赏,不禁介意准逃亡,不准冒险凭想象。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,pardonadmit,delay/putoff,fancyavoid,miss,keep/keepon,practisedeny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciatecan’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escapeforbid,risk,imagine②接动词-ing形式作介词的宾语。
insiston,objectto,leadto,putoff,giveup,be/getusedto,lookforwardto,feellike,payattentionto,stickto,devoteto等中的to都是介词,而不是动词不定式符号。Hestopped________(smoke)andhavearest.Hereallymuststop_________(smoke).3)—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot______________(turn)itoff.4)Thelightintheofficeisoff,butsheforgets_________
(turn)itoff.5)Wouldyoumind________(move)theboxforme?6)Wearealllookingforwardto_____(visit)themuseumsoon.tosmokesmokingtoturnPracticetimeturningmovingvisiting7)Ican’thelp________(clean)theroom,forIamtoobusy.8)Afterhearingthejoke,wecan’thelp_________(laugh).9)Thoughitrained,theywenton_________(work).10)WehavefinishedPart1.Let’sgoon_________(learn)Part2.tocleanlaughingworkingtolearnstoptodo停下来(做别的事)stopdoing停止做某事forgettodosth忘记要去做某事(没有做)forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事(已经做过)can'thelptodosth不能帮着去做某事can'thelpdoingsth
禁不住做某事③动词-ing形式,在need(需要),want(需要),require(需要)后作宾语时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。即:need/require/want
doing=need/require/want/deserve
to
be
done例如:These
clothes
need
washing.=These
clothes
need
_____________________.The
plantswant
_________________.=Theplantswantto
be
watered.tobewashedwatering3.作表语(1)V-ing形式做表语,相当于形容词,用于说明人或物所具备的特征,意为“令人…..的”。(2)V-ing
形式做表语,相当于名词,用于说明主语的内容,即主语等同于表语,两者可以互换。例:WhatIamtiredofiswaitingherealone.我讨厌独自在这里等。(=WaitingherealoneiswhatIamtiredof.)Myfull-timejobisteachingEnglish3.动词-ing形式做定语Wehavetofinda_________(park)space.Let'sdrivearoundtheblockonemoretime.2.Thereisan__________(amaze)worldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuchastheyneedit.3.China’sNationalHighway318,
__________(extend)over5,000kilometersfromShanghaitoZhangmu,Tibet,isknownasthe"heavenlyroad"foritsamazingviews.Parking,作定语,表示space的用途Amazing,作定语修饰world,表示其性质。extending,在句中作定语修饰主语China‘sNationalHighway318,主语与extend之间又是逻辑上的主谓关系4.动词-ing形式做宾语补足语(1)V-ing形式做宾语不足与的形式。Ifoundabird_________inthetree.singing(2)V-ing形式做做宾语不足与式常用于一下几种形式Iseemychildrentakingtheirchildrentothelibrary.(表示正在进行的主动动作)Isawherbeingquestionedbythepolice.
(表示正在进行的被动动作)Inordertokeepwarm,wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.Withthemachinehelpingus,wecouldfinishtheworkontime.由于有机器的帮助,我们能按时完成任务。1.Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.
______,hedidn’tgotoschool.2.Whenshewaswalkingalongthestreetoneday,shemetanoldfriendofhers.
___________thestreetoneday,shemetanoldfriendofhers.3.Ifitissunny,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow.___________,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow.BeingillWalkingalongItbeingsunny4.动词-ing形式做_______状语4.Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV._____________herhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.Havingfinished5.Becausetheyhadbeenwarnedbytheteacher,theydidn’tmakesuchmistakes._________________bytheteacher,theydidn’tmakesuchmistakes.6.Asitwasaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.________________,alltheshopswereshut.ItbeingaholidayHavingbeenwarned如果动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致,通常要在动词-ing形式前面加上它自己的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的动词-ing形式被称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构同动词-ing形式一样,在句中作状语。1.Readthesentencesbelow.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.3.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.4.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.5.Youcanprotecttheburnbycoveringitwithacleancloth.Whatisthefunctionofthe-ingformineachsentencebelow?(Subject)(Predicative)(Objectafterapreposition)(Attribute)(Adverbial)(Objectcomplement)2.Replaceeachunderlinedpartwithasuitable-ingformandrewritethesentenceasnecessary.1.Whenhegotoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.2.Isthereanyreasonwhywearenotgoingtohavethefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?3.Shehadbeentoldabouttheriskofelectricshocksandthismadeherverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.Whengettingoutofthebathtub,Isthereanyreasonfornothavingthefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?Havingbeentoldabouttheriskofelectricshocks,shewasverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.4.Becausethechildwasnotwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,hetouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.5.Aftershehadbeenbittenbymosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.Notbeingwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,thechildtouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.Afterbeing/havingbeenbittenbymosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.3.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthegivenwords.WhathappenedtoMrsTaylor?MrsTaylorwasanelderlywoman______(live)alone.Oneday,shewasinherlivingroomcleaningthewindows,whensuddenlyshecouldnolongerfeeltherightsideofherbody._____(try)towalktohersofatositdown,shefelloverontothecarpet.Thensherealisedthatshecouldnotgetup,andthatshewashavingtrouble________(breathe).Fortunately,shehadhermobilephonewithher,andshewasabletoreachitwithherlefthandwhile_____(lie)onthefloor.Hermobilephone_______________(already,setup)tocallanemerge
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