2020-2021学年河南省领军考试下学期高二7月联考英语试题解析版

河南省领军考试2020-2021学年下学期高二7月联考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择BestPlacestoVisitinJulyNorway'sFjordsMosttravelersprefertovisitNorway'sfamousfjords(峡湾)inJulybecauseNorwayhasabout23hoursofdaylight,givingtravelerslotsoftimetotakeinthespectacularviewsofbluewater,glaciersandmountains.JulyisalsowhenNorway'sweatherisatitswarmest,about18℃,sotravelersmightincludealightsweaterintheirluggage.BastilleDayinParisJuly14isanationaldaycelebratingindependencetotheFrench.July14,1789,isthedaytheFrenchstormedtheBastille,aParisprison,andofficiallybegantheFrenchRevolution,overthrowingaroyalgovernmentthatoftenthrewpeopleinprisontherefornoreasonatall.WhilethedayismarkedalloverFrance,thebiggestcelebrationtakesplaceinParis.MasaiMaraNationalReserveThethrillofseeingmillionsofanimalswandertheplainsinKenyaisnoteasilyforgotten.OneofthemostpopularmonthstovisittheMasaiMaraisinJulywhenthefamouswildlifemigrationreachestheMasaiMaraandzebrasareattheirhighestnumber.ThebesttimestoviewtheanimalsinKenya'smostpopulargameparkaredawnanddusk.RunningoftheBullsinPamplonaTravelerswhopridethemselvesonbeingfastrunnersmaywanttoheadtoPamplonainJulyfortheSanFeminFestival.Akeypartofthisannualfestivalistherunningofthebulls.Sixbullsarereleasedontoanarrowstreetforahalf-milerun,withhundredsofrunnersseeingiftheycanrunfasterthantheanimals.1．WhatcanvisitorsdoinNorway'sinJuly?A．Enjoytheimpressivescenery.B．Swimandfishinthefjords.C．Seedaylightaroundtheclock.D．Buyheavysweaterstokeepwarm.2．Whichofthefollowingisofhistoricalsignificance?A．SanFerminFestival.B．BastilleDay.C．MasaiMaraNationalReserve.D．Norway'sFjords.3．Wherewillvisitorsinterestedinwildanimalsgo?A．Norway.B．Paris.C．MasaiMara.D．Pamplona.JoshuaNelson,18,fromMissouri,isgraduatingfromSt.CharlesWestHighSchoolthisweekandwillbeattendingSoutheastMissouriStateinthefall.Hehadsavedupmoneytopayforhistuition,butwhenhereceivedthecollege'sPresident'sScholarship,hedecidedtotakehissavingsanddonateittootherstudentsinneed.“Itcomesfrommyfamilyeducationandfaith,"Nelsonsaid."I'vealwayslivedbystrongprinciplesasfarasbeingacheerfulgiverandhavinganopenhandwhenitcomestogivingbacksoIfeellikethatreallymotivatedme.”SEMO'sPresident'sScholarshipistheschool’smostcelebrated,andisonlyawardedtofivetopstudentsannually.Nelsonsaidhesatdownandoutlinedhowascholarshipcouldworktohelpfuturestudentswhoneedfinancialassistanceforcollege.Originallytheplanwastogiveaway$1,000theonetime,butthenhemetupwithhiscounselor(顾问),YolandaCurry,toworkoutagameplan.“Iwasn'texpectingitatall!”Currysaid."Hetoldmehehadagreatideaandwantedtoshareitwithme.Icouldtellhewasreallyexcited.Nelson,inassociationwithhishighschool,setuptheJoshuaNelsonLeadersInActionScholarshipfund.Eachyear,$1,000willbeawardedtoasenior.Themoneywillcomefromdonations,ofwhichtherehavebeen$16,000sofar—foratotalof$17,435atlastcount,accordingtotheschool.Withthemoneyalreadyinthefund,there'senoughtogiveoutascholarshipeachyearforoveradecade.ThefirstscholarshipwasawardedonJune1toDarrellMontalvo-Luna.Asthefirstrecipient,hisscholarshipwas$2,000.“Joshuahastheheartofaservantleader.Heleadsbyexampleandhe'sgenuinelyexcitedwhengoodthingshappenforotherpeople,"Currysaid."He'sanencouragement—he'sgoodatbuildingothersupanddoeswhathecantohelpencourageandmotivatethosearound.4．WhatdidNelson'sinitialdonationcomefrom?A．Hisscholarship.B．Hissavings.C．Hispocketmoney.D．Hiswages.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"havinganopenhand"inparagraph2mean?A．Ambitious.B．Courageous.C．Generous.D．Cautious.6．HowdidCurryfeelwhenhearingNelson'sidea?A．Shocked.B．Confused.C．Excited.D．Delighted.7．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheJoshuaNelsonLeadersInActionScholarshipfund?A．Itneversupportshighschoolstudents.B．Itwassetupmorethantenyearsago.C．ItwasfoundedbyNelsonandCurry.D．Itisgoingverysmoothly.California'sAugustComplexFiretorethroughmorethan1,600squaremilesofforestlastsummer,burningnearlyeverytreeinitspath.Itwasthelargestwildfireinthestate'srecordedhistory,breakingtherecordpreviouslysetin2018.Afterthefire,landmanagersmustdeterminewheretomostefficientlyplantnewtrees.ApredictivemappingmodelcalledthePostfireSpatialConiferRestorationPlanningToolrecentlydescribedinEcologicalApplicationscouldinformthesedecisions,savingtimeandexpense.Thetoolcan“showwhereyoungtreesareneededmost,wheretheforestisn'tgoingtocomebackonitsown,whereweneedtointervene（干预）ifwewanttomaintainforests,"saysleadauthorJosephStewart,anecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.Todevelopthemodel,Stewartandhiscolleaguesclassifieddatacollectedfrommorethan1,200studyplotsin19areasthatburnedbetween2004and2012.Theycombinedthesedatawithinformationonrainfall,geography,climate,forestcompositionandbumseverity.Theyalsoincludedhowmanyseedssampleconifertrees（针叶树）producedin216locationsover18years,assessingwhetherthetreesreleasedifferentnumbersofseedsafterafire.Thetool'spotentialbenefitsaresignificant,saysKimberleyDavis,aconservationscientistattheUniversityofMontana,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Thosemanagerswillstillhavetomakeharddecisions,suchaswhichspeciestoplantinareasthatmayexperiencewarmeranddrierconditionsresultingfromclimatechange,butthemodelprovidessomeresearch-basedguidancetohelptheforestsrecover.8．Whatchallengedolandmanagersfaceafterthewildfire?A．Lackofwoodsupplies.B．Wheretoplantnewtreesbest.C．Howtosavetheburnedtrees.D．Lossoftreesandwildanimals.9．What'sthemainideaofparagraph2?A．Thefunctionofthetool.B．Thedisadvantagesofthetool.C．Theimprovementofthetool.D．Thedevelopmentofthetool.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"referto?A．Thestudyplots.B．Thedata.C．Stewartandhiscolleagues.D．Theseeds.11．WhatisDavis'attitudetowardsthetool?A．Skeptical.B．Ambiguous.C．Tolerant.D．Optimistic.AcompanycalledNeuralinkhassharedavideowhichappearstoshowamonkeyplayingavideogame,butwhatmakesthevideoevenstrangeristhatthemonkeyisplayingthevideogamewithjustitsmind.NeuralinkisacompanyownedbyElonMusk,whichisworkingtodevelopdevicesthatcouldallowpeopletocontrolthingsusingjusttheirbrains.ThemonkeyinthevideoiscalledPager,havingspecial"Link"devicesinsidehisbrain.Thesedevicesareconnectedto2,048wireswhichleadtothepartsofPager'sbrainthatcontrolmovementsofthearmsandhands.ScientiststaughtPagertoplayavideogameusingabananajuiceasarewardwhenheplayedthegamecorrectly.SoonPagerwaseagertoplaywellinordertogetmoresmoothie.Atfirst,Pagercontrolledthevideogameusingajoystick(操纵杆).ButasPagerplayed,hisLinkdeviceswirelesslysentoutinformationaboutthesignalshisbrainwasusingtocontrolhisarmsandhands.Neuralink'sscientistsrecordedallofthesesignals.ThentheyusedcomputerstomatchupthesignalsfromPager'sbraintothemovementsthathishandswereactuallydoing.Thiswaschallengingworkandthescientistscountedonartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpthemdecode(解码)Pager'sbrainsignals.ThenextstepwastohaveacomputermakemovesinthevideogameasifPagerhadactuallymovedthejoystick.IfPagerthoughtaboutmovingthejoystickup,thecomputerwouldsendan"up"signaltothevideogame.ThusPagerwasabletoplaythevideogameusingjusthisbrain.Whenpeopleareparalyzed(瘫痪的),it'softenbecausethebrainhaslosttheabilitytosendsignalstonervesandmusclesincertainpartsofthebody.Neuralinkhopesthatoneday,itssystemwillbeabletosendthisinformationinadifferentway,allowingparalyzedpeopletousetheirarmsorlegsagain.12．WhatdoesNeuralinkaimtodo?A．Tomakemonkeysmuchsmarter.B．Tosolvecomplexproblemswithmonkeys.C．Tocreateadevicelinkingmonkeysandpeople.D．Tomakepeoplecontrolthingswiththeirbrains.13．Howdoestheauthorintroducetheprocessoftheresearch?A．Inorderoftime.B．Bymakingacomparison.C．Bygivingexamples.D．Inorderofspace.14．Whatplayedanimportantroleinthesuccessoftheresearch?A．Thejoystick.B．Artificialintelligence.C．Thevideogame.D．Thebananasmoothie.15．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleofthetest?A．NeuralinkPostsanUnusualVideoB．DisabledPeopleHaveaBrightFutureC．MonkeyPlaysVideoGameswithHisMindD．Neuralink,aCreativeandCompetitiveCompany二、七选五WaystoFightMicroplasticsatHomeOurconsumptionofmicroplasticsisshocking-from39,000to52,000particleseachyearperperson.16．Wedoknow,however,thatmanyplasticscontainharmfulchemicals.Fortunately,therearesometipstoreducetheamountyoutakein.17．Accordingtoonestudy,of259bottlesofwaterfrommajorcompaniessuchasNestleandEvian,93%revealedmicroplasticpollution.Asmallnumberofsingle-useplasticbottlescontainedasmanyas10,000microparticles.Itiswisetodrinkandusecleantapwaterorwatersoldinglassbottles.Choosenaturalfabrics(织物).Manyofthefabricsweuseeverydayaremadefromplastic.In2016,65milliontonsofplasticwentintomakingfabricsaroundtheworld.Tinybitsofplasticfalloffthesefabricsduringproduction,wearing,washing,anddisposal.18．Tolimityourcontribution,buyfabricsmadeofnaturalproductssuchascotton,wool,silk,andevenbamboo.Cleanupyourclothes.Itmaybetoughtoremoveallmicroplasticfibersfromyourclothing.Plus,asingleloadofwashedanddriedclothingcanreleaseamillionmicroplasticparticlesintothewatersupply.Still,allhopeisnotlost.Youcanremovemicroplasticsbyfixingafilter(过滤器)inyourwashingmachineandair-dryingyourclothes.19．Stopmicrowavingplasticcontainers.20．Makesurethatthecontainersinyourhomearemicrowavesafe.Andifyouuseplastictostoreyourfoodintherefrigerator,besuretoputitinaglassorchinacontainerbeforeheatingitinthemicrowave.A．Stayawayfromsingle-useplastics.B．Muchofthatplasticgoesintowaterways.C．It'snotclearhowtheyaffectthehumanbody.D．Avoiddrinkingfromdisposableplasticbottles.E.Buyyourtealooseanduseanold-fashionteacup.F.Thereareplentyofotherwaysto“green"yourlaundryroutine.G.Thewarmeraplasticcontaineris,themoreplasticitislikelytodrop.三、完形填空WhileMaryBethWestwardandhertwodaughterswereon21lastmonth,herhusbandToddmadeanunexpectednew22,awildruffedgrouse（松鸡）.Thesmall,featheredbirdstarted23pecking（啄食）aroundtheWestwards'backyardinApril.However,whenthegirls24fortheirMaytrip,thebird—whichthefamilylovinglynamedWalter—began25Toddallthetimeashedidyardworkoutside.Inthelastfewweeks,theirfriendshiphasonlygrown26.WalterhasbegunflyinguptoToddand27onhisshoulder,aswellasappearingoutsidetheWestwards'bedroomwindow,28itshumancompanion.Inarecent29thathassincegotmorethan1,000likesonline,Westward30WalterandTodd'sadventures."It'slikeadog,"shewrote."Itrunsupto31Toddinthemorningandwhenhecomeshomeandthengoesbackupandsitsontheporchandpretendstobeourwatch-bird."Westwarddescribedthepair'sbondas"strangeand32"butsaysit'sbeenalotof33towatch.WestwardaddsthatToddandWalter's34didn'tsurpriseherasherhusbandis”very35”withanimals.Walter,however,hasn'ttakenthesame36toWestwardandherdaughters.Westwardsaysitwilljustsometimes37herandthegirls.AccordingtothePennsylvaniaGameAssociation,maleruffedgrousetypicallymate(交配)inthespring,withnestingusually38inlateApril.The“tamegrousephenomenon"—wheregrousemay39friendlyandapproachhumans—oftenoccursinspring,aroundpeakmatingseason.Somebringsupthetheorythatthebirdsarelikelydefendingtheirhomes.40Walter,"Maybeithasafamilywedon'tknowabout,"Westwardsays.21．A．dutyB．businessC．vacationD．guard22．A．neighborB．companionC．colleagueD．member23．A．rarelyB．occasionallyC．frequentlyD．entirely24．A．leftB．madeC．paidD．asked25．A．botheringB．comfortingC．attackingD．following26．A．thickerB．strongerC．longerD．purer27．A．sittingB．focusingC．lyingD．surviving28．A．actingasB．belongingtoC．lookingforD．watchingover29．A．letterB．advertisementC．noticeD．post30．A．paintedB．admiredC．describedD．watched31．A．inviteB．patC．touchD．greet32．A．unusualB．closeC．informalD．common33．A．funB．needC．prideD．satisfaction34．A．participationB．connectionC．friendshipD．assistance35．A．reliableB．comfortableC．changeableD．flexible36．A．loveB．interestC．hobbyD．route37．A．ignoreB．urgeC．abuseD．approach38．A．existingB．pouringC．occurringD．fleeing39．A．feelB．soundC．remainD．seem40．A．OnbehalfofB．AsforC．ApartfromD．Inspiteof四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnMonday,aparkinArouca,Portugalopenedarecord-settingnewbridge.Thoughit'squitehigh,it'sthe41．(long)ofthebridgethathassetarecord.The516-meter-longbridge42．(run)betweentwomountainsinAroucaGeoparkinPortugal.It'sasuspensionbridge,43．meansthatithangsbetweenitstwoendswithoutanysupportsunderneath.Thebuilderssaythebridgewasinspiredbysuspensionbridges44．(build)bytheancientIncapeopleinSouthAmerica.The516Arouca,mademainlyofmetalwasstartedinMay,2018.Itcost$2.8million,andtookovertwoyears45．(complete).AroucaGeoparkiswell-knownforitsbeautifulnaturalsceneryandthemanyoutdoor46．（activity）thatcanbedonethere.Butbecauseofthecoronaviruspandemic,thenumberoftouristsintheareahasbeenlow.ThoughthebridgewasfinishedlastJuly,itwasn't47．（official）openeduntilMonday.Cityleadersthinkthebridgecouldattractpeopleforalotofdifferentreasons.Somemightcomeforthescenery.Othersmightcometosee48．thebridgewasbuilt.Thewebsiteforthebridgedescribesthewalk49．"themostexciting516metersofyourlife".Ifyouwalkquickly,it'spossibletocrossthebridgein50．（little）than10minutes.Butmanypeoplewillwanttoenjoythesafe,butscaryexperienceofwalkingacross.五、短文改错51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mybestfriend,FangQun,invitedmetovisitafarmthreedaysbefore.Wesetoutearlyinthemorningandarrivedthereafteraboutfortyminutesbusride.Variouslybeautifulflowersgreetedusaswewalkedalongtheroadledtothegateofthefarm.Onthefarmwesawripepeachondozensoftrees,whichalmostmakeourmouthswater.Withthefarmowner'shelp,wepickedsomeandcouldn'thelptastingitonthespot.Thenweencouragedtolearnhowtogrowbeansfromthefarmworkers.Onawaybackhome,tiredaswewere,butwehadasenseofjoyandachievement.六、提纲类作文52．假如你是李华，为了缅怀中国杂交水稻之父袁隆平，你们学校上周五组织全体学生收看了电影《袁隆平》，并以班级为单位交流了观后感。请你给学校英文报写一篇文章介绍这次活动。内容包括：1.活动简介；2.同学们的感受。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：杂交水稻之父FatherofHybridRice参考答案1．A2．B3．C【分析】本文属于应用文。文章介绍了七月份的几个最佳去处。1．细节理解题。根据Norway'sFjords中“MosttravelersprefertovisitNorway'sfamousfjords(峡湾)inJulybecauseNorwayhasabout23hoursofdaylight,givingtravelerslotsoftimetotakeinthespectacularviewsofbluewater,glaciersandmountains.(大多数游客喜欢在7月份参观挪威著名的峡湾，因为挪威有大约23个小时的日光，让游客有很多时间来欣赏蔚蓝色的海水、冰川和山脉的壮观景色)”可知，在7月游客们可以欣赏挪威峡湾的壮丽景色。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据BastilleDayinParis中“July14,1789,isthedaytheFrenchstormedtheBastille,aParisprison,andofficiallybegantheFrenchRevolution,overthrowingaroyalgovernmentthatoftenthrewpeopleinprisontherefornoreasonatall.(1789年7月14日，法国人攻占了巴黎的巴士底狱，法国革命正式开始，推翻了经常毫无理由地把人关进监狱的皇家政府)”可知，BastilleDay标志着法国革命的开始，具有历史意义。故选B项。3．细节理解题。根据MasaiMaraNationalReserve中“OneofthemostpopularmonthstovisittheMasaiMaraisinJulywhenthefamouswildlifemigrationreachestheMasaiMaraandzebrasareattheirhighestnumber.(参观马赛马拉最受欢迎的月份之一是7月，当时著名的野生动物迁徙到达马赛马拉，斑马数量最多)”可知，在MasaiMara可以看到大量迁徙的野生动物，因此对野生动物感兴趣的游客可以去MasaiMara。故选C项。4．B5．C6．A7．D【分析】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了JoshuaNelson在获得校长奖学金后，把自己的积蓄捐给其他有需要的学生的经历，他还与学校合作，设立了约书亚·纳尔逊行动领袖奖学金基金。4．细节理解题。根据文章首段“Hehadsavedupmoneytopayforhistuition,butwhenhereceivedthecollege'sPresident'sScholarship,hedecidedtotakehissavingsanddonateittootherstudentsinneed.(他攒了些钱来支付学费，但当他收到学院的校长奖学金时，他决定把自己的积蓄捐给其他有需要的学生)”可知，最初的捐款来自于他的个人积蓄。故选B项。5．词句猜测题。根据第一段“hedecidedtotakehissavingsanddonateittootherstudentsinneed.(他决定拿出积蓄，把它捐给其他学生)”和第二段“I'vealwayslivedbystrongprinciplesasfarasbeingacheerfulgiver(我一直有着坚定的人生原则，那就是做一个快乐的回报社会的人)”可知，划线词组与“慷慨大方”意思接近。故选C项。6．推理判断题。根据第四段“Iwasn’texpectingitatall!(我根本没有想到这一点)”可知，Curry听到的Nelson计划时，他对其想要帮助其他同学的伟大构想，感到很意外震惊。故选A项。7．推理判断题。根据第五段“Themoneywillcomefromdonations,ofwhichtherehavebeen$16,000sofar—foratotalof$17,435atlastcount,accordingtotheschool.Withthemoneyalreadyinthefund,there'senoughtogiveoutascholarshipeachyearforoveradecade.(这些钱来自人们的捐款，目前以达到16000美元，并且据校方最近一次统计已达到17435美元。有了足够的钱作为奖学金基金。这些钱足够在10年中每年颁发一次)”可知，名为约书亚·纳尔逊行动领袖奖学金基金运转非常良好。故选D项。8．B9．A10．C11．D【分析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍了科学研究的新成果——火灾后空间针叶树恢复规划工具的预测绘图模型。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Afterthefire,landmanagersmustdeterminewheretomostefficientlyplantnewtrees.”（火灾过后土地管理者必须确定在哪里种植新树的效率最高）可知，在火灾后土地管理人员面临的挑战是确定在哪里种植新树最好。故选B项。9．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Thetoolcan“showwhereyoungtreesareneededmost,wheretheforestisn'tgoingtocomebackonitsown,whereweneedtointervene（干预）ifwewanttomaintainforests”（该工具可以显示哪里最需要幼树，哪里森林不会自行恢复，哪里需要我们干预，如果我们想维护森林的话）可知，第二段主要介绍的是这种新工具的功能。故选A项。10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theyalsoincludedhowmanyseedssampleconifertrees（针叶树）producedin216locationsover18years,assessingwhetherthetreesreleasedifferentnumbersofseedsafterafire.”（他们还包括了18年来在216个地点生产的针叶树种子样本数量，评估树木是否在火灾后释放不同数量的种子）以及现在分词assessing可知，逻辑主语they应指代人作主语。因此该句中的“They”和前一句中的“They”都是指代第一句中Stewartandhiscolleagues。故选C项。11．推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句话“Thetool'spotentialbenefitsaresignificant”（该工具的潜在好处是显著的），可知Davis对这个工具的态度是积极的。故选D项。【点睛】12．D13．A14．B15．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学研究的新成果——让猴子用意念玩电子游戏，从而将来让瘫痪的人实现通过大脑来控制行为的最终目的。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“NeuralinkisacompanyownedbyElonMusk,whichisworkingtodevelopdevicesthatcouldallowpeopletocontrolthingsusingjusttheirbrains.(Neuralink是ElonMusk旗下的一家公司，该公司正在开发能让人们只用大脑控制事物的设备)”可知，Neuralink的目的是让人们用大脑控制事物。故选D。13．推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Atfirst”，第四段句首“Then”和第五段句首“Thenextstep”可知，文章作者按时间顺序介绍了研究的过程。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thiswaschallengingworkandthescientistscountedonartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpthemdecode(解码)Pager'sbrainsignals.(这是一项具有挑战性的工作，科学家们依靠人工智能（AI）来帮助他们解码寻呼机的大脑信号)”可知，人工智能在这项研究的成功中发挥了重要作用。故选B。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“AcompanycalledNeuralinkhassharedavideowhichappearstoshowamonkeyplayingavideogame,butwhatmakesthevideoevenstrangeristhatthemonkeyisplayingthevideogamewithjustitsmind.(一家名为Neuralink的公司分享了一段视频，视频显示一只猴子在玩电子游戏，但更奇怪的是，这只猴子是在用自己的大脑玩电子游戏)”及对研究过程的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了科学研究的新成果——让猴子用意念玩电子游戏。故选C。16．C17．D18．B19．F20．G【分析】本文属于说明文。介绍了在家庭中减少塑料微粒的方法。16．前文“Ourconsumptionofmicroplasticsisshocking-from39,000to52,000particleseachyearperperson.”指出每个人每年摄入的塑料微粒量令人震惊，而后文“Wedoknow,however,thatmanyplasticscontainharmfulchemicals.”指出：然而我们的确知道很多塑料包含有害化学物质。转折副词“however”体现了和前文的转折关系，因此空格处应该说的是塑料微粒对人体的影响还没有定论，故选C。17．根据“Accordingtoonestudy,of259bottlesofwaterfrommajorcompaniessuchasNestleandEvian,93%revealedmicroplasticpollution.”等句可知，本段主要讲述一次性塑料瓶装水的危害，因此该段的建议是避免喝一次性塑料瓶装的水，所设空为本段的主旨句，应该指明这一建议，故选D。18．根据前文“Tinybitsofplasticfalloffthesefabricsduringproduction,wearing,washing,anddisposal.”可知，一些塑料经由生产、穿着、洗涤和清除这些过程从织物中掉落，故后文继而指出最后到达何处符合题意。接着应该说这些塑料微粒的危害，选项B“Muchofthatplasticgoesintowaterways.”指出这些塑料大多数进入排水沟符合题意，故选B。19．根据前文“Youcanremovemicroplasticsbyfixingafilter(过滤器)inyourwashingmachineandair-dryingyourclothes.”介绍如何去除衣服上的塑料微粒的方法，后文继续补充其他方法，F选项“Thereareplentyofotherwaysto“green”yourlaundryroutine.”表明还有许多方法能使你的洗衣程序环保化符合题意，故选F。20．根据段落小标题“Stopmicrowavingplasticcontainers”可知，本段提出的建议为：停止用微波炉加热塑料容器。选项G“Thewarmeraplasticcontaineris,themoreplasticitislikelytodrop”解释了应该停止加热的原因是温度越高，掉落的塑料可能越多，符合题意，故选G.【点睛】七选五主要考察前后文的连贯。因此连词是需要高度注意的。比如第1小题，前文“Ourconsumptionofmicroplasticsisshocking-from39,000to52,000particleseachyearperperson.”指出每个人每年摄入的塑料微粒量令人震惊，而后文“Wedoknow,however,thatmanyplasticscontainharmfulchemicals.”指出：然而我们的确知道很多塑料包含有害化学物质。转折副词“however”体现了和前文的转折关系，因此空格处应该说的是塑料微粒对人体的影响还没有定论，故选C。21．C22．B23．B24．A25．D26．B27．A28．C29．D30．C31．D32．A33．A34．C35．B36．A37．D38．C39．D40．B【分析】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了一只松鸡和一家人尤其是男主人之间的友谊。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上个月，当MaryBethWestward和她的两个女儿在度假时，她的丈夫Todd做了一个意想不到的新伴侣，一只松鸡。A.duty责任；B.business商业；C.vacation假期；D.guard守卫。根据第二段第二行“fortheirMaytrip”，可知Westward和女儿们去旅行了，故选C。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上个月，当MaryBethWestward和她的两个女儿在度假时，她的丈夫Todd做了一个意想不到的新伴侣，一只松鸡。A.neighbor邻居；B.companion同伴；C.colleague同事；D.member成员。根据“theirfriendship”可以看出，Todd和松鸡成了好朋友，故选B。23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：四月份，这只长着羽毛的小鸟开始时不时地在西区的后院啄食。A.rarely很少；B.occasionally偶尔；C.frequently经常地；D.entirely完全地。根据下文“WalterhasbegunflyinguptoToddandsittingonhisshoulder,aswellasappearingoutsidetheWestwards'bedroomwindow,lookingforitshumancompanion.”描述可知，Walter对他们表现的更加亲密，所以他们的友谊变得更加牢固，可知，一开始松鸡只是偶尔来院子里啄食，形成对比，故选B24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当女孩们去五月的旅行时，当这家人亲切地叫沃尔特，这只鸟开始一直跟着Todd在外面做院子里的活。A.left离开；B.made制造；C.paid支付；D.asked问。根据“fortheirMaytrip”可知，Westward和女儿们去旅行了，leftfor意为动身去，符合题意，故选A。25．考查动词词义辨析。A.bothering打扰；B.comforting安慰；C.attacking攻击；D.following跟随。根据“allthetime”可知，强调一直做某事，所以松鸡一直跟着Todd符合题意，故选D。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去的几周里，他们的友谊越来越牢固。Walter已经开始飞到Todd身边，坐在他的肩膀上，同时出现在Westward夫妇卧室的窗外，寻找它的人类伴侣。A.thicker更厚的；B.stronger更牢固的；C.longer更长的；D.purer更纯净的。根据下文“WalterhasbegunflyinguptoToddandsittingonhisshoulder,aswellasappearingoutsidetheWestwards'bedroomwindow,lookingforitshumancompanion.”描述可知，Walter对他们表现的更加亲密，所以他们的友谊变得更加牢固，故选B。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去的几周里，他们的友谊越来越牢固。Walter已经开始飞到Todd身边，坐在他的肩膀上，同时出现在Westward夫妇卧室的窗外，寻找它的人类伴侣。A.sitting坐；B.focusing聚焦；C.lying说谎；D.surviving生存。根据语境可知，松鸡与人更加亲密，蹲在Todd的肩膀上符合题意，其他均不符合题意，故选A。28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：：过去的几周里，他们的友谊越来越牢固。Walter已经开始飞到Todd身边，坐在他的肩膀上，同时出现在Westward夫妇卧室的窗外，寻找它的人类伴侣。A.actingas担任；B.belongingto属于；C.lookingfor寻找；D.watchingover看管。根据语境可知，松鸡出现在Westward的卧室窗外，是显示友好，也就是是在寻找他的人类伴侣，其他均不符合题意，故选C。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近的一篇帖子中，Westward描述了Walter和Todd的冒险经历，这篇博文在网上获得了1000多个赞。A.letter信；B.advertisement广告；C.notice通知；D.post帖子。根据下文“gotmorethan1,000likesonline”可知，Westward在网上发了帖子，符合题意，故选D。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近的一篇帖子中，Westward描述了Walter和Todd的冒险经历，这篇博文在网上获得了1000多个赞。A.painted画；B.admired欣赏；C.described描述；D.watched观看。下文“shewrote.‘ItrunsuptogreetToddinthemorningandwhenhecomeshomeandthengoesbackupandsitsontheporchandpretendstobeourwatch-bird.’(她写道：‘它早上跑去迎接Todd，当他回到家，然后又回来坐在门廊上，假装是我们的守望鸟。’”，这些是Westward对松鸡和Todd友好关系的描述，故选C。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她写道：“它早上跑去迎接Todd，当他回到家，然后又回来坐在门廊上，假装是我们的守望鸟。”Westward形容两人的关系是“奇怪和不寻常的”，但说这看起来非常有趣。A.invite邀请；B.pat轻拍；C.touch触摸；D.greet问候。早上起来，松鸡应该是向Todd打招呼，故选D。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她写道：“它早上跑去迎接Todd，当他回到家，然后又回来坐在门廊上，假装是我们的守望鸟。”Westward形容两人的关系是“奇怪和不寻常的”，但说这看起来非常有趣。A.unusual不寻常的；B.close亲密的；C.informal非正式的；D.common普通的。根据strange可知，松鸡和Todd之间的关系是奇怪但不寻常，符合题意且形成呼应，故选A。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她写道：“它早上跑去迎接Todd，当他回到家，然后又回来坐在门廊上，假装是我们的守望鸟。”Westward形容两人的关系是“奇怪和不寻常的”，但说这看起来非常有趣。A.fun乐趣；B.need需要；C.pride骄傲；D.satisfaction满意。根据上文松鸡和Todd之间的关系是奇怪但不寻常，以及并列连词but可知后面可选择体现感情的，表示转折，所以有趣符合题意，应选A。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Westward补充说，Todd和Walter的友谊并没有让她感到惊讶，因为她的丈夫与动物相处“非常舒服”。然而，Walter并没有那样一样爱Westward和她的女儿。Westward说，有时候会接近她和女儿。A.participation参与；B.connection连接；C.friendship友谊；D.assistance援助。根据上文可知，松鸡和Todd之间成了好朋友，他们之间的友谊并没有让Westward感到惊讶符合题意，故选C。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Westward补充说，Todd和Walter的友谊并没有让她感到惊讶，因为她的丈夫与动物相处“非常舒服”。然而，Walter并没有那样一样爱Westward和她的女儿。Westward说，有时候会接近她和女儿。A.reliable可靠的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.changeable可变的；D.flexible灵活的。Westward补充说，Todd和Walter的友谊并没有让她感到惊讶，所以她的丈夫和动物相处非常自在，舒服，使她不惊讶，符合题意，故选B。36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Westward补充说，Todd和Walter的友谊并没有让她感到惊讶，因为她的丈夫与动物相处“非常舒服”。然而，Walter并没有那样一样爱Westward和她的女儿。Westward说，有时候会接近她和女儿。A.love爱；B.interest兴趣；C.hobby爱好；D.route路线。根据上下文内容可知，松鸡对Todd和Westward及女儿的喜爱程度是不一样的，也将对Todd和Westward及女儿的喜爱程度形成了对比，故选A。37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Westward补充说，Todd和Walter的友谊并没有让她感到惊讶，因为她的丈夫与动物相处“非常舒服”。然而，Walter并没有那样一样爱Westward和她的女儿。Westward说，有时候会接近她和女儿。A.ignore忽视；B.urge催促；C.abuse虐待；D.approach接近。由上文“WalterhasbegunflyinguptoToddandsittingonhisshoulder,aswellasappearingoutsidetheWestwards'bedroomwindow,lookingforitshumancompanion.”可知，松鸡可能表现得很友好并且接近人类，故选D。38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雄性松鸡通常在春季交配，筑巢通常发生在4月下旬。“驯服松鸡现象”通常发生在春季，也就是交配旺季前后，松鸡看起来很友好，接近人类。一些人提出了这样的理论：鸟儿很可能在保卫家园。A.existing存在；B.pouring倒；C.occurring发生；D.fleeing逃离。根据语境雄性松鸡通常在春季交配，筑巢通常发生在4月底符合题意，这是在说明松鸡的活动，故选C。39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雄性松鸡通常在春季交配，筑巢通常发生在4月下旬。“驯服松鸡现象”通常发生在春季，也就是交配旺季前后，松鸡看起来很友好，接近人类。一些人提出了这样的理论：鸟儿很可能在保卫家园。A.feel感觉；B.sound听起来；C.remain保持；D.seem似乎。“驯服松鸡现象”意思是松鸡可能表现得很友好并且接近人类，而这种现象通常发生在春季，与上文松鸡与Westward一家表现友好形成呼应，符合题意，故选D。40．考查介词短语辨析。句意：至于Walter，Westward说，“也许它有一个我们不知道的家庭。”A.Onbehalfof代表；B.Asfor至于；C.Apartfrom除了；D.Inspiteof尽管。上一段介绍了“驯服松鸡现象”，末段提到Walter这只松鸡，故用asfor，表示关于……，就……而言。符合题意，故选B。41．length42．runs43．which44．built45．tocomplete46．activities47．officially48．how49．as50．less【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西班牙阿鲁卡岛的一个公园开放的一座创纪录的新桥。41．考查名词。句意：虽然它相当高，但它的桥梁长度创造了记录。分析句子结构可知这是一个强调句，强调部分是主语，因此使用名词性成分，long的名词形式是length。故填length。42．考查动词时态。句意：516米长的桥在葡萄牙阿鲁卡地质公园的两座山之间运行。分析句子可知，该句为简单句，空格处为谓语动词，表示客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语为The516-meter-longbridge，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填runs。43．考查定语从句。句意：它是一座悬索桥，意思是它悬挂在两端之间，下面没有任何支撑。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，suspensionbridge是先行词，后面的非限制性定语从句缺少主语，因此使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。44．考查非谓语动词。句意：建设者说这座桥的灵感来自南美洲古代印加人建造的悬索桥。分析句子结构可知，此处作后置定语修饰suspensionbridges,该名词和动词build之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词bui