2022届上海市青浦区高三上学期期终学业质量调研测试一模英语试卷解析版

2022届上海市青浦区高三上学期期终学业质量调研测试（一模）英语试卷（时间120分钟，满分140分）考生注意：1．本试卷共13页。满分140分。考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。3．答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Onafarm.B.Inaplane.CInacoffeeshop.D.Inarestaurant.2.A.160yuan.B.200yuan.C.360yuan.D.400yuan.3.A.Gocamping.B.Goskiing.C.Goshopping.D.Gosailing.4.A.Acityplanner.B.Ajudge.C.Apoliceman.D.Atourguide.5.A.Whattotakeupasahobby.B.Howtokeepfit.CWhattoplaywith.D.Howtohandlepressure.6.A.Aliceshouldraisehervoice.B.Alicehastosetagoodexample.C.Hersonneedsanewwatch.D.Hersonhastoworkhard.7.A.Theman’sparentsarenotmodestenough.B.Themanshouldberecognizedbyhisparents.C.Theman’sparentshelpedhimgetthescholarship.D.Themanshouldbepraisedforhisaccomplishment.8.A.Sheisprettybutnotrichenough.B.Sheneedstolearnbudgetcarefully.C.Shemusthaveboughtanexpensivebag.D.Sheshouldhavemadeagoodplanforspending.9.A.ThebosstreatsJohnsoninanunfairmanner.B.Johnsonisnotwillingtoworkfarfromhome.C.Johnsonisnotintelligentenoughtobepromoted.D.Thebossputscooperationfirstwhilegivingpromotions.10A.Thewomanremindedthemantobecarefulinthesupermarket.B.Themanwasunwisetogoshoppinginthetimeofcoronavirus.C.Themanwassupposedtohavewornamaskthismorning.D.Thewomanwarnedthemannottobetoocareful.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheshortpassagesandthelongerconversation.Theshortpassagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Itooktheshopper’scartbymistake.B.Ipushedtheshoppingcartontotheshopper.C.Myuncleshoutedatmeandhitmeonthehead.D.Myunclewasmakingamessinthemeatsection.12.A.Heletmepushtheshoppingcart.B.Hecoveredmewithanadvertisingleaflet.C.Hesmiledattheshopperwhowasreadyforbattle.D.Hepretendedtobeangryandapologizedtothevictim.13.A.Copingwithcircumstancescanbeplayful.B.Thewriter’sexperiencewithhisuncleisquitefrightening.C.Familymembersbenefittheirchildrengreatlyintheirgrowth.D.Childhoodlearningprocessisalwaysamatteroflifeanddeath.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Academictopics.B.Technologyanddesign.C.Culturaldifference.D.SiliconValley.15.A.TEDhasheldaconferenceyearlysince1990.B.TEDhasmadealotofmoneysofarandhelpedalotofpeople.C.TEDhasselectedaudiencetoensuretheengagementofthetopic.D.TEDhasachievedsuccesslargelyduetothequalityofthespeakers.16.A.ThetimelineofTED’sevolution.B.TheselectionofTED’saudience.C.ThereasonsforTED’spopularity.D.ThequalityofTED’sspeakers.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Whypeoplefeedoninsects.B.Includinginsectsinpeople’sdiets.C.Howinsectsaffecthumans’foodsources.D.Usinginsectstodevelophealthyeatinghabits.18.A.Theydidn’tfindinsectsdisgusting.B.Theywereusedtocookinginsects.C.Sometypesofinsecttasteddelicious.D.Findinginsectswaseasierthanhunting.19.A.Britainhasthelargestpopulationofinsecteaters.B.Oneperson’sinsectfoodcanbeanother’spoison.C.Foodcolouringmadefrominsectsaresaferthanthought.D.Insectscanhelphumanbeingstofightagainststarvation.20.A.Shehasn’teatenawholeinsect.B.Shehasconqueredherfearofinsects.C.Sheistryingtomakeflourfrominsects.D.Shedoesn’tconsiderinsectsasourceofprotein.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,

useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.LostatseaTwomenfromtheSolomonIslandshavebeenrescuedafterspending29dayslostatsea.Themen____1____(travel)toanotherislandwhenheavyrainandwindtookthemouttosea.Thetwomensurvivedonorangestheyhadpacked,coconutstheyfoundintheseaandbygatheringrainwater.“Ilookforwardtogoingbackhome____2____Iguessitwasanicebreakfromeverything,”oneofthemen,LivaeNanjikana,

toldTheGuardian.NanjikanaandJuniorQolonitookofffromMonoIslandonSept.3inamotorboattotravel200kmtoNoroonNewGeorgiaIsland.However,soonaftertheysetout,theirboatwashitbyheavywindsandrain,whichmadeunclearthecoastlinetheywerefollowing____3____“Whenthebadweathercame,itwasbad,butitwas____4____(bad)andbecamescarywhentheGPSdied,”hesaid.“Wecouldn’tseewhereweweregoingandsowejustdecidedtostoptheengineandwait,____5____(save)fuel.”Whentherainhadfinallypassed,NanjikanaandQolonihadalreadydriftedfarouttosea.Theyspentthenext29days____6____(live)offoflimitedsuppliesandbygatheringrainwaterwith____7____theycouldmakeuseoftokeepthemselvesalive.AfishermanfoundandrescuedthetwomenonOct.2offthecoastofNewBritain,PapuaNewGuinea,about400kmfrom____8____theyhadstarted.NanjikanaandQoloni____9____(bring)toalocalhealthclinicfortreatmentandarestayingtemporarilywithalocalman,JoeKolealo,untilthey____10____returnhome.【答案】1.weretraveling##weretravelling2.but##though##although3.as4.worse5.tosave##saving6.living7.whatever##what##anything##everything##all8.where9.werebrought##havebeenbrought10.can【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是所罗门群岛的两名男子在海上失踪29天后获救的事情。

【1题详解】考查时态。句意：这两个人正在前往另一个岛屿时，大雨和大风把他们带到海上。由句意和when可知，此处为“bedoing…when…”结构，表示“正当……时……”，结合并列句谓语took可知，此处应用过去进行时，主语themen为复数，助动词用were，故填weretrave(l)ling。

【2题详解】考查连词。句意：其中一名男子LivaeNanjikana告诉卫报：“我期待着回家，但/尽管我认为这是一次很好的休息。”。由语境可知，这名男子很期待回家，尽管这次经历是一次很好的休息，前后句之间为转折关系或让步关系，可用连词but或though/although连接句子，故填but或though/although。

【3题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，他们出发后不久，他们的船就遭遇了大风和大雨，这使得他们当作向导所遵循的海岸线变得不清晰。由语境和空后的aguide(向导)可知，他们把海岸线“当作”向导，表示“当作”用介词as，故填as。

【4题详解】考查形容词。句意：他说：“当坏天气来临时，情况很糟糕，但当GPS失灵时情况更糟，变得可怕。”。由语境“但当GPS失灵时”和前面的bad可知，空处表示“更糟糕”，应用形容词比较级，故填worse。

【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们看不到我们要去哪里，所以我们决定停止引擎等待，以节省燃料。”句中已有谓语动词decided，save应用非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“为了节约能源”，表目的，且save与主语之间为主动关系，所以可用动词不定式tosave或现在分词saving作状语，故填tosave或saving。

【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在接下来29天里，他们依靠有限的补给和收集雨水维持生命。由“spentthenext29days”可知，此处为“spend…（in）doing(花费时间做……)”结构，所以应填入动名词形式，故填living。

【7题详解】考查宾语从句或代词。句意：在接下来的29天里，他们依靠有限的补给和利用可以利用的一切收集雨水来维持生命。空处位于介词with后可知，空处引导后面的宾语从句，结合句意，可知从句缺少宾语，可用代词whatever或what指代“他们可以利用的任何东西”，引导从句，作从句的宾语。或此处为定语从句，缺少先行词，结合句意可知，可用不定代词anything，everything或all做先行词，指代“他们可以利用的任何东西/一切”，省略引导词that。故填whatever/what或anything/everything/all。

【8题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：10月2日，一名渔民在巴布亚新几内亚新不列颠海岸发现并营救了这两名男子，距离他们出发地点约400公里。空处位于介词from后，所以此处为宾语从句，结合句意可知，从句缺少地点状语，所以用where引导该从句，故填where。

【9题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：Nanjikana和Qoloni被带到当地一家医疗诊所接受治疗，目前暂时与当地一名男子JoeKolealo住在一起，直到他们能够回家。分析句子可知，空处为句子的谓语，由语境可知，事情发生在过去，时态可用一般过去时或现在完成时，且主语Nanjikana和Qoloni与bring之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时或现在完成时的被动语态结构，故填werebrought或havebeenbrought。【10题详解】考查情态动词。句意：Nanjikana和Qoloni被带到当地一家医疗诊所接受治疗，目前暂时与当地一名男子JoeKolealo住在一起，直到他们能够回家。根据句意和return可知应用情态动词can，表示“可以，能够”回家，故填can。

SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.inclusionB.significantC.excludeD.implementE.savingF.houseG.confirmedH.interconnectedI.desirabilityJ.ambitiousK.concentratingPlansrevealedforhigh-tech“10-minutecity”inSeoulTheideaofa“15-minutecity”,inwhichresidentscanallreachworkandleisurefacilitieswithinaquarter-hourwalk—orcycle—oftheirhomes,hasgained____11____attentionamongurbanplannersduringtheCovid-19pandemic.Now,agroupofarchitectsisplanninganevenmore____12____neighborhoodinSouthKorea’scapital,Seoul:a10-minutecity.Named“ProjectH1”,thedevelopmentissettotransformanoldindustrialsiteintoa(n)____13____“smart”city.Combiningeightresidentialbuildingswithco-workingofficesandstudyspaces,the125-acredistrictisalsosetto____14____entertainmentsites,fitnesscenters,swimmingpoolsandevenurbanfarms.DesignedbyDutcharchitecturefirmUNStudioandbackedbyarealestatefirm,theneighborhoodwillalsobecompletelycar-free.Apressreleasefortheprojectclaimedthat“alltheconveniencesofthecity”willbewithina10-minutewalkofpeople’shomes.Inastatement,UNStudioco-founderBenvanBerkelsaidthatresidents’“dailylifeexperience”istheproject’s“toppriority”.“Wedothisthroughthe____15____ofarichdensityofuplifting,on-siteexperiencesthatprovideanextensiverangeofoptionsforhowtheycanspendtheirliving,workingandleisuretime,therebyalso____16____themthetimeneededtotravelelsewhereinthecity,”heisquotedassaying.AspokespersonforUNStudio____17____thatprojecthasbeengreen-litbutdidnotrevealwhenitislikelytobreakground.Thearchitectsalsosaidthatcleanenergywillbeproducedonsite,whilesystemstocaptureandstorerainarebeingdesignedtoreducewateruse.Criticshavesuggestedthattheconceptcouldcauseurbanrenewalbyfurther____18____wealthinthemostaccessibleandconvenientdistricts.The____19____of“15-minute”neighborhoodsmay,inturn,resultinhomepricesthat______20______low-incomeandmarginalizedcommunities.ButtheCovid-19pandemichasseengrowinginterestintheconcept.【答案】11.B12.J13.H14.F15.A16.E17.G18.K19.I20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了首尔推出高科技“十分钟城市”计划。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，“15分钟城市”的概念得到了城市规划者的高度重视，在“15分钟城市”中，所有居民都可以在离家1/4小时的步行或骑行时间内到达工作和休闲场所。修饰名词attention，前用形容词形式作定语。形容词significant为“重要的”之意。故选B。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：现在，一群建筑师正在韩国首都首尔规划一个更具雄心的社区：一个10分钟车程的城市。修饰名词neighborhood，前用形容词形式作定语。形容词ambitious为“雄心的”之意。故选J。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：该项目名为“H1项目”，旨在将一个老工业基地转变为一个互联的“智能”城市。修饰名词city，前用形容词形式作定语。形容词interconnected为“相互连接的”之意。故选H。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：这片125英亩的区域由8栋住宅楼、联合办公办公室和学习空间组成，还设有娱乐场所、健身中心、游泳池甚至城市农场。动词不定式to后接动词原形。动词house为“容纳，安置”之意。故选F。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：他说：“我们通过丰富的高密度现场体验来做到这一点，为他们如何度过他们的生活、工作和休闲时间提供了广泛的选择，从而也节省了他们在城市其他地方旅行所需的时间。”the+名词+of+名词，名词所有格。名词inclusion为“包含”之意。故选A。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说：“我们通过丰富的高密度现场体验来做到这一点，为他们如何度过他们的生活、工作和休闲时间提供了广泛的选择，从而也节省了他们在城市其他地方旅行所需的时间。”动词save为“节省”之意，与逻辑主语We之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选E。【17题详解】考查时态。句意：UNStudio的一名发言人证实，该项目已经获得批准，但没有透露动工时间。主句缺少谓语动词，根据连词but后面的句子时态可知，用一般过去时。动词confirm为“证实”之意，用过去式confirmed。故选G。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：批评人士认为，这一概念可能会导致城市更新，因为它会将财富进一步集中在交通最便利的地区。介词by后接动名词形式。动词concentrate为“专心；集中”之意。故选K。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：“15分钟”社区的有利条件可能反过来导致房价将低收入和边缘化社区排除在外。the+名词+of+名词，名词所有格。名词desirability为“有利条件”之意。故选I。【20题详解】考查时态。句意：“15分钟”社区的有利条件可能反过来导致房价将低收入和边缘化社区排除在外。定语从句缺乏谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。句中先行词为homeprices，在定语从句中作主语，所以谓语动词用复数形式。动词exclude为“排除”之意。故选C。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.LastyearMirandaLimfoundthattakingcareofthreeyoungchildrenhomeboundbythepandemicmeantsheoftenhadtoworklateintotheeveningtostayontopofherjob.Concernedthatthe____21____hourswerehavingabadeffectonhersleep,Limstartedtrackinghersleeptimewithanapponhermobilephone.Shewasn’tquite____22____theresults.“Isawmybedtimewas____23____anywherebetween9p.m.and3a.m.,”shesays.“Iwasjusthorrified.”Asaresult,sheimmediatelysetupadailyalarm—notforwakingup,butfor____24____tobedatareasonablehour.It’s____25____whyLimwouldbeabitofanalarmistwhenthreatenedwithalackofaconstantnight’ssleep.AsasleepdisordersphysicianattheVAPortlandHealthCareSystem,Limisattheforefrontofaglobalteamofmedicalresearcherswhohaveinrecentyearsbeen____26____thewaysinwhichevenmoderatesleepshortageinmiddleagestronglylinktoAlzheimer’sdiseaselaterinlife.Shesays,“Ourbigdiscoverywasthatthelackofsleepinvolvesbrainprocessesthatmay____27____intothedisease.”Thefindingthatgettingmoreandbettersleepcouldofferthebest,and____28____only,waytosignificantlyreducetherisksofneuro-degeneration(神经退化)inolderageislikelytofurther____29____analreadyhotsleepindustry.MarketresearchfirmInfiniumGlobalResearchputsthecurrentworldwidemarketforsleep_____30_____—includingdrugs,specialbedding,andhealthcareservices—atanestimated$80billion–plus,andpredictsitwill_____31_____to$114billionoverthenextfiveyears.ResearchfirmBCChasbeenprojectingasimilargrowthrate.NowTimO’Brien,whoheadslifesciencescontentatBCC,sayshe’swatchingfor“asuddenleap”.Thatleapwouldbedrivennotonlybyconsumer’s_____32_____pursuitofbettersleep-relatedhealth,butalsobyastreamofnew_____33_____andtechnologiesthatareemergingtohelpachieveit,fromsleepdrugstoimplantablemedicaldevicestosmartpillows.Fitbit’scompanionappoffersarangeofinsightsandexercisesaimedat_____34_____sleep,includingsleep“scores”thatbreakdowndifferentaspectsofsleep,recommendationsforwhentogettobedandwhentowakeup,deepbreathingandmindfulnessexercises,andmore.Inaddition,abigpushintothemarketisbeingmadeby_____35_____anumberofsleep-trackingandsleep-promotingfeaturesintothelatestversionofits“NestHub”smartspeaker-and-screendevice.Nevertheless,someexpertsthinkthetechcanhelpwithslightpushes,butpeoplestillhavetodevelopthehealthyhabits.21.A.uncertain B.flexible C.extended D.fixed22.A.interestedin B.amazedat C.replacedwith D.preparedfor23.A.flying B.bouncing C.flashing D.ringing24.A.headingoff B.payingoff C.puttingoff D.givingoff25.A.sensible B.natural C.understandable D.surprising26.A.cuttingdown B.comparingwith C.thinkingabout D.figuringout27.A.transform B.develop C.explore D.innovate28.A.ultimately B.seemingly C.possibly D.slightly29.A.fuel B.urge C.peak D.sue30.A.layers B.trends C.aids D.tribes31.A.appeal B.climb C.resort D.flow32.A.demanding B.intensifying C.foreseeing D.existing33.A.therapies B.options C.experiments D.schedules34.A.monitoring B.affecting C.hanging D.boosting35.A.packing B.removing C.contrasting D.mixing【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.C26.D27.B28.C29.A30.C31.B32.B33.A34.D35.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了研究人员发现，中年人哪怕只是轻微的睡眠不足，都很可能导致阿尔茨海默症。研究还发现，提升睡眠质量可能是显著降低老年神经退行性病变风险的最佳方法，可能也是唯一的方法。文章还讲述了这一发现极大促进了睡眠市场的腾飞。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于担心延长的时间会对她的睡眠产生不良影响，Lim开始用上的一个应用程序跟踪她的睡眠时间。A.uncertain不确定的；B.flexible灵活的；C.extended延长的；D.fixed规定的。根据上文“sheoftenhadtoworklateintotheeveningtostayontopofherjob”可推断，Lim的工作时间延长了。故选C。【22题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：她对结果并没有做好充分的准备。A.interestedin对……感兴趣；B.amazedat对……感到惊奇；C.replacedwith代替；D.preparedfor为……做准备。根据下文“Iwasjusthorrified.”可推断，Lim为自己看到的结果完全没有心理准备。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现我的就寝时间在晚上9点至凌晨3点之间波动。A.flying飞行；B.bouncing弹跳，上下晃动；C.flashing使闪烁；D.ringing按铃。根据上文“Limstartedtrackinghersleeptimewithanapponhermobilephone.”和下文“between9p.m.and3a.m.”可推断，Lim通过检测发现自己的就寝时间在晚上9点至凌晨3点之间波动。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，她立即设置了一个每日闹钟，不是为了起床，而是为了在合理的时间前去睡觉。A.headingoff朝……前进；B.payingoff付清；C.puttingoff推迟；延期；D.givingoff发出。根据上文“Concernedthatthe____1____hourswerehavingabadeffectonhersleep”，“Iwasjusthorrified.”和“notforwakingup”可推断，Lim设置了闹钟是为了让自己在合理的时间前去睡觉。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当受到持续睡眠不足的威胁时，Lim有点大惊小怪，这是可理解的。A.sensible明智的；合理的；B.natural自然的；C.understandable可理解的；D.surprising令人吃惊的。根据下文“evenmoderatesleepshortageinmiddleagestronglylinktoAlzheimer’sdiseaselaterinlife”可推断，Lim听到自己的睡眠不足，就会有点大惊小怪，这是可理解的，故选C。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为VA波特兰保健系统的睡眠障碍医师，林一直位于全球医学研究团队的最前沿领域，他们一直试图弄清楚，中年时期的适度睡眠不足与阿尔茨海默病之间的关系。A.cuttingdown裁断；减少；B.comparingwith比较；C.thinkingabout考虑；D.figuringout弄清楚。根据下文“Ourbigdiscoverywas…”可推断，作为全球最前沿的团队，Lim一直试图弄清楚，中年时期的适度睡眠不足与阿尔茨海默病之间的关系。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最大的发现是，睡眠不足与大脑变化过程有关，这一过程可能会发展成疾病。A.transform转变；B.develop患病；发展；C.explore开发；D.innovate改革；创新。根据上文“evenmoderatesleepshortageinmiddleagestronglylinktoAlzheimer’sdiseaselaterinlife”可知，缺乏睡眠与大脑变化过程有关，而这一过程可能会发展成疾病。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：获得更多更好的睡眠可能是显著降低老年神经退行性病变风险的最佳方法，可能也是唯一的方法，这一发现或将会进一步推动本已火热的睡眠行业。A.ultimately最后；最终；B.seemingly表面上看来；C.possibly可能地；D.slightly轻微地。根据上文的“couldofferthebest”可推断，获得更多更好的睡眠可能是最佳方法，因此推断也可能是唯一的方法。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得更多更好的睡眠可能是显著降低老年神经退行性病变风险的最佳方法，可能也是唯一的方法，这一发现或将会进一步加强本已火热的睡眠行业。A.fuel刺激；加剧；B.urge敦促；催促；C.peak达到高峰；D.sue控告；控诉。根据下文“atanestimated$80billion–plus,andpredictsitwill____11____to$114billionoverthenextfiveyears”可推断，这项发现会加剧本已火热的睡眠行业。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：市场研究公司InfiniumGlobalresearch预测，目前全球睡眠辅助设备市场——包括药品、专门的床上用品和医疗保健服务——预计达到800多亿美元——未来五年将攀升至1140亿美元。A.layers层次；B.trends趋势；倾向；C.aids辅助设备；D.tribes部落。根据下文“includingdrugs,specialbedding,andhealthcareservices”可知，这些都是睡眠辅助设备。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.appeal呼吁；B.climb增长；C.resort诉诸；D.flow流出。根据上文的“anestimated$80billion”和下文的“$114billion”可知，数字在接下来的五年会增长。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：行业之所以发展迅速，不仅因为消费者强烈渴望优质睡眠带来的健康，还有一系列新疗法和技术的出现，从睡眠药物到植入式医疗设备再到智能枕头，都有利于实现目标。A.demanding要求；B.intensifying增强；加剧；C.foreseeing预见；D.existing存在。根据上文“Thatleapwouldbedriven”和下文“pursuitofbettersleep-relatedhealth”可知，睡眠设备市场行业的突然蹿升的驱动力是消费者对优质睡眠带来健康的增强了的渴望。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.therapies疗法；B.options选择；C.experiments实验；D.schedules计划。根据下文“fromsleepdrugstoimplantablemedicaldevicestosmartpillows”可知，此处说的是一系列的新疗法。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Fitbit的配套应用程序提供了一系列旨在提升睡眠的见解和练习，包括分解睡眠不同方面的睡眠分数，何时上床和何时醒来的建议，深呼吸和正念练习以及更多。A.monitoring监视；监控；B.affecting影响；C.hanging悬挂；D.boosting增强；提升。根据下文“includingsleep“scores”thatbreakdowndifferentaspectsofsleep,recommendationsforwhentogettobedandwhentowakeup,deepbreathingandmindfulnessexercises,andmore.”可知，这些都是提升睡眠的见解和练习。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，该公司还在其最新版本的NestHub智能扬声器和屏幕设备中加入了一系列睡眠跟踪和睡眠促进功能，从而大举进军市场。A.packing挤满；塞满；B.removing移除；C.contrasting对比；D.mixing混合。根据下文“anumberofsleep-trackingandsleep-promotingfeaturesintothelatestversionofits‘NestHub’smartspeaker-and-screendevice”可推断，该公司把一系列的睡眠跟踪和睡眠促进功能加进最新版本的NestHub智能设备。故选A。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)I’vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnuttree.It’sauniquetree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.UmbrellasintheyardareamustwhiledininginearlyAugust,andasforme,Iwearmybikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewithhopesthatmaybetheblackwalnutwouldacceptthem,buttheyfailedtoflourish.Whatdoesworkarenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Nativeplantsareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(传粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsandcontributetoahealthyandbiodiverseenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.It’salsoprotectedunderthelaw.Rightfullyso.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseasonholds:Whatarethechancesofbeingknockedunconsciouswhilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I’llneverbepleased.I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahabitatforwildlifeandareminder.36.Whydoestheauthorwearabikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden?A.Toprotecttheinjuredskull. B.Topreventherselffromsunburn.C.Toavoidbeinghitbythenuts. D.Toreducethechanceofgettingbittenbybees.37.Whatisthetree’ssurvivalstrategy?A.Itattractsbeneficialpollinators.B.Itletsoutpoisontodriveawaypests.C.Itproducesachemicalfataltosomeplants.D.Itcompetesfornutritionwithsimilarspecies.38.WhichofthefollowingDOESN’Taccountfortheauthor’slove-haterelationshipwiththetree?A.Thevolumeofitsfruitsmaybringinconvenience.B.Thetreeoutcompetesthenativeplantsinthegarden.C.Thetreeishometonumerousbirdsandothercreatures.D.Thepresenceofthetreetakesupmuchspaceofthegarden.39.Theauthormostprobablygotareminderfromthetreethat________.A.it’sbettertogivethantotakeB.treesandplantshavetheirownwaystoflourishC.evenagoodrelationshipisnotalwaystrouble-freeD.acceptance,insteadofresistance,isthebetterwaytobe【答案】36.C37.C38.B39.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者后院的黑胡桃树给他带来困扰，但同时也让作者感到自然的生机。于是，作者学会包容接纳，享受与黑核桃树相伴的生活。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.(掉落的果实会和棒球一样坚硬，可能伤到你、孩子、邻居和那些住在隔壁的人的脑袋。)”可知，作者在果园里劳动时，会佩戴一个自行车头盔，是为了保护头部不会被树上掉落的坚硬果实砸伤，故选C项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.(作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃也会通过根部释放一种化学物质。它对几种常见的植物来说是有毒性的。)”可知，黑胡桃树的生存策略就是释放一种对其他一些常见植物物种有毒的物质，以独占生存资源。故选C项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.(这个地区的原生植物通常很容易生长，所以它们承受的压力较小。)”可知，在这个果园中，黑胡桃树在与当地原生植物的生存竞争中并未占据优势，原生植物长势繁荣，这并非是作者对黑胡桃树又爱又恨的原因之一。故选B项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有没有想过摆脱这个小小的后院的大麻烦吗？是的，然而，要摆脱这棵50英尺高、树干只有87英寸的树几乎是不可能的。)”和最后一段“I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.(我就与这棵树相伴，所以我会倾听它的需求，给它所需的空间。)”可知，作者从这棵树身上得到了这样启示：包容接纳，而非抗拒，会让生活更美好。故选D项。(B)Robotsreallyarereplacingusflesh-and-bonetypes.They’remakinglunch,writingnovels…thelistgoesonandon.Whathumancancompete—especiallygiventhatrobotsdon’tcomplain,askforraises,orgetdrunkattheChristmasparty?Tocelebratethe100thanniversaryofthecoiningofthewordrobotbyKarelCapek,wethoughtitwouldbefuntotakealookatanothersideofrobotkind.YouCallThatService?Afewyearsback,aJapanesehotelhired243robotstocoverpositionsrangingfromdoormantobellboy.Unfortunately,thecheck-inrobotshadtroubleansweringguests’questionsandphoto-copyingpassports,whilebellboyrobotskeptbangingintowallsandtrippingovercurbs.Onein-roomassistantrobotsprangtoattentioneverytimetheguestsnored(打鼾),saying,“Sorry,Icouldn’tcatchthat.Couldyourepeatyourrequest?”YouLookFamiliarFacialrecognitionsoftwarehasoneproblem—itcan’talwaysrecognizefaces.TheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionprovedthatpointwhenitusedtheAmazonRekognitionsoftwaretomatchphotosofcriminalsto28membersofCongress.Butwhataboutsoccerballrecognition?Duringamatchlastyear,aScottishsoccerteamunveiledAI-programmedvideocamerasdesignedtoautomaticallyfollowtheball.Alas,thecamerasconstantlymistookthereferee’sbaldheadforthesoccerball.WhateverYouDo,Don’tAngerSophia“Sophia”isasocialhumanoidrobotdevelopedbyHansonRobotics.She/Ithasanattractiveface,withhighcheekbones,andimpressiveeyebrows.AndshecanholdaconversationtorivalthemerechatofApple’sSiri.Thisissurelytherobotofthefuture.WhenCEODavidHansonandSophiaappearedonaTVprogram,Hansonaskedtherobotthequestionhumanshavebeenaskingthemselvesforyears:“Sophia,doyouwanttodestroyhumans?”Withouthesitation,Sophia—smilingabittoobroadlyforourtaste—responded,“OK,Iwilldestroyhumans.”Humans,youhavebeenwarned.40.“Anotherside”ofrobotkindinthefirstparagraphcanbedescribedas________.Aadvanced B.aggressive C.amazing D.awkward41.Whichofthefollowingreflectstherealityaccordingtothethreestories?A.Therobotsarefunctioningproperlyashumanlabor.B.TherobotSophiainterpretedHanson’squestionasarequest.C.Thefacialrecognitionsoftwaremakesaccuratesearchesforthetarget.D.Thehotelin-roomrobotpaidcloseattentiontotheguest’shealthcondition.42.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.RobotsGoneWild B.RobotsOntheRiseC.RobotsTakingOver D.RobotsUnderDebate【答案】40.D41.B42.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要阐述了机器人被人类寄予厚望，完全替代人类去工作。但事实上，它们在一些情况下表现笨拙，难以控制。【40题详解】指代猜测题。根据第二段“Unfortunately,thecheck-inrobotshadtroubleansweringguests’questionsandphoto-copyingpassports,whilebellboyrobotskeptbangingintowallsandtrippingovercurbs.(不幸的是，前台机器人在回答客人的问题和复印护照方面表现糟糕，而服务生机器人不断地撞到墙壁或绊倒在路边。)”可知，机器人在服务行业表现糟糕，无法像真人那样，提供足够优质的服务。故划线词应表示机器人笨拙、使用不便。故选D项。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hansonaskedtherobotthequestionhumanshavebeenaskingthemselvesforyears:“Sophia,doyouwanttodestroyhumans?”Withouthesitation,Sophia—smilingab