2024年人教版高一英语同步讲义（必修第一册）Unit 4 Natural Disasters：Period 2 Reading and Thinking【配套课件】

必修Book1

Unit

4NaturalDisastersPeriod2ReadingandThinkingⅠ.单词认读关(先填后记诵)1．________/kræk/n．裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂2．_______/ˈruːɪn/n.&vt.破坏；毁坏3．__________/pəˈsent/n．百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中4．________/brɪk/n．砖；砖块crackruinpercentbrick5．_________/ˈmetl/n．金属6．_________/ʃɒk/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊7．_____________/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/n．电；电能8．________/træp/vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱9．_________/ˈberi/vt.埋葬；安葬10．__________/briːð/vi.&vt.呼吸11．_________/rɪˈvaɪv/vt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒12．_________/rɪˈvaɪvl/n．振兴；复苏13．_________/ˈefət/n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力metalshockelectricitytrapburybreathereviverevivaleffort14．_________/ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/vi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体15．___________/ˈwɪzdəm/n．智慧；才智16．___________/ˈkɒntekst/n．上下文；语境；背景17．_________/ˈsʌfə/vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)

受苦unifywisdomcontextsufferⅡ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1．as________像往常一样2．as____似乎；好像；仿佛3．cometoan_______结束4．cut________穿过；贯穿；抄近路5．_____ruins严重受损；破败不堪6．________away把……刮走7．tensof____________of数以万计usualifendacrossinblowthousands8．in_________震惊，吃惊9．_______out掘出，发现10．getup_____one'sfeet站起来11．in________of在……时候12．stay__________保持积极的态度shockdigontimespositiveⅢ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译)1．Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.[赏析]这是一个并列句，由两个表示并列关系的分句组

成，第一个分句中使用了“too…to…”结构，意为“太……

而不能……”，动词不定式短语toeat作结果状语。[翻译]________________________________________________ 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。2．Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.[赏析]

thatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing为that引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词aquake。[翻译]

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.[赏析]

provesth.tosb.向某人证明……；这里的sth.是一个

宾语从句，指代的内容是thatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.[翻译]

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step1

Pre­-readingManypeoplebelievethat“Itisalwayscalmbeforeastorm.”SurftheInternettofindoutwhatusuallyhappensbeforeanearthquake.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Wemayseebrightlightsinthesky.Animalsmaybecometoonervoustoeat.Theymaybehavestrangely.

Wellwallsmayhavedeepcracks.

Step2

While­-readingTask1:FastreadingFindoutthemainideaofeachpartandmatchthem.Para.1

A．Damagecausedbytheearthquake.Paras.2—3B．Rescueaftertheearthquake.Paras.4—5C．Signsbeforetheearthquake.Para.1—C

Paras.2－3—A

Paras.4－5—BTask2:IntensivereadingReadthetextandchoosethebestchoice.(

)1．Beforetheearthquake,peoplewereasleepasusualbecause________．A．theydidn'tnoticeanythingstrangehappenB．theyknewwellaboutearthquakesC．somethingstrangehappenedinmanyplacesD．theydidn'trealisethearrivalofanearthquakeD(

)2．Thesecondandthirdparagraphsaremainlyabout________．A．thegreatlosstheearthquakebroughttoTangshanB．thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredC．whenandwhereanearthquakehappenedD．thecauseofthebigearthquakeinTangshanA(

)3．Whatdoesthesentence“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain”inParagraph4mean?A．Thecitywillnotdie;ithashopeanditcanrecoverfromthepain.B．Thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantohelppeople.C．Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.D．Mostofthe10，000minerswererescued.A(

)4．Thetitle“Thenighttheearthdidn'tsleep”means

“________”．A．theearthwasawakeallnightlongB．peopleontheearthcouldn'tfallasleepthatnightC．theearthshooklikecrazythatnightD．animalsontheearthwouldnotsleepthatnight(

)5．Whatisthemood(语气)ofthispassage?A．Frightened.

B．Serious.C．Seriousandsad. D．Calm.CCTask3:Furtherreading

Discussion：1．Whydidsomanypeopledieintheearthquake?___________________________________________________________________________________2．Whatspiritcanwelearnfromthebigearthquake?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Becauseitbrokeoutintheearlymorningandmostpeoplewereasleepatthattime.Whenweareintimesofdisaster,wemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.Step3

Post­-readingTask1：赏语言1．形象表达(1)文中第一段第五句中用“nervous”和“refused”这两个词形

象地表达了动物们在地震前的异常反应。文中第二段第三句

中用“deadly”一词要比“terrible”更合适，更能直接地表达出

地震的危害程度。(2)文中第四段最后一句“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.”使用了拟人的表达方法，更形象地描写了地震后人们

恢复了正常生活的情景。2．情感把握(1)直接描述情感的语言描写，如nervous,deadly,destroy以及Peoplewereinshock…等。(2)对地震后场面的描述，如Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.表达了作者严肃、悲伤的感情。

3．逻辑运用(1)文中第四段第一句“Buthopewasnotlost.”中“But”这一转

折词引出了地震后的全国人民的支援和救援工作。(2)文中最后一段第一句“Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.”是承上启下的句子，进一步说明地震

后人们所取得的成就。Task2：析结构Task3:理文化

“一方有难，八方支援”一直是中华民族的优良传统，是我们宝贵的精神财富，集中体现为人与人之间的相互帮扶和支持。

习近平总书记说：“40年前的大地震虽然摧毁了一个城市，但没有摧毁唐山人民和全国军民的坚强意志。党中央坚强领导和全国广大军民支持帮助下，唐山人民以顽强拼搏的精神投入抗震救灾和灾后恢复重建，在中华民族奋斗史上谱写了一部可歌可泣的壮丽诗篇。”Step4

SummaryWriting

根据课文内容写一篇60词左右的概要。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________OnJuly28，1976，aterribleearthquakestruckTangshanandcausedgreatdamagetothecity.Thoughthereweresomesignsbeforetheearthquake,peoplethoughtlittleofthem.Soonaftertheearthquake,soldiersweresenttorescuesurvivorsandtheworkershelpedtorebuildthecity.Withthesupportofthegovernment，anewTangshanappeared.Part1核心词汇解读

n．&vt.(tospoilordestroysomethingcompletely)破坏；

毁坏(1)It'ssillyofyou__________(ruin)yourgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood.

你吃垃圾食品破坏了你良好的锻炼，真是愚蠢。(2)Nomatterhowfamousabrandis，itcan____________(ruin)onceitbetraysthetrustofconsumers.

无论一个品牌有多大名气，一旦辜负了消费者的信任，它就

有可能会被毁灭。toruinberuined(3)Thewindandraindidmuchdamagetothepalace,butthevillagersjustletit_______________．

风雨对宫殿造成了很大的破坏，但村民们却任其成为废墟。(4)Whentheyreturnedtotheirhometownthenextday，theyfoundit____ruins.

当他们第二天回到故乡的时候，他们发现那里已是一片废墟。in(1)n.[U](astrongfeelingofsurpriseasaresultofsth.happening,especiallysth.unpleasant)震惊；[C](theeventthatcausesthisfeeling)令人震惊的事；[U]休克(2)vt.(tosurpriseandupsetsb.)(使)震惊PeoplewereshockedtoseethattheUFOwasflyingoverthecity.Theshockingnewsshockedallthepeoplearound,whichwasalsoagreatshocktopeoplealloverthecountry.人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行。这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的所有人，也极大震惊了全国各地的人们。(1)Whathappenedgavemeabigshockandleftadeepimpressiononme.

发生的这件事让我特别震惊，并且给我留下了深刻的印象。(2)WhenIrecoveredfromtheshock,Ilookedatmycamera.

当我从震惊中反应过来的时候，我看了看我的相机。(3)Rescueworkerswere__________(shock)bywhattheysawafterthelandslide．

救援人员被山体滑坡后眼前的景象震惊了。(4)Thenews___________(shock)thepublic，leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.

这个消息使公众震惊，导致了对在校学生安全的担心。shockedshocked(1)vt．(tokeepsb.inadangerousplaceorbadsituationthattheywanttogetoutofbutcannot)使落入险境；(totricksb.intosth.)使陷入圈套(2)n．(anunpleasantsituationfromwhichitishardtoescape)

险境；陷阱(1)Ifyouchoosethisway，you'relikelytofallintoatrap．

如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。(2)Whenhikinginthemountain,hewasaccidentallytrappedinatrapwhichwasmadeforanimals.

上山远足时，他无意中被困在为逮动物而挖的陷阱里。(3)Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhim_______tellingthetruth.

他们用巧妙的提问诱使他说了实话。into(4)Onceyou_________________________________________，itwillnotbeeasytogetoutofit.

你一旦落入圈套，摆脱它就不那么容易了。fall/walkintoatrap/arecaughtinatrapvt.(tohidesth.undertheground)埋藏；(toplaceadeadbodyinagrave)掩埋；(tocoversth.sothatitcannotbeseen)

埋住，覆盖Beforegettingmarried,sheburiedherselfinherwork;aftergettingmarried,shewasburiedinherfamily.Soshejokedthatmarriageburiedherdreamnowandthen．结婚前，她一心工作；结婚后，她忙于家庭。所以，她有时开玩笑说，婚姻毁了她的梦想。(1)Eversincehemovedthere,hehasbeenburiedinhisresearchwork.

自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。(2)She______________________________andweptwhensheheardthebadnews.

当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。buriedherfaceinherhands(3)__________(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.

＝__________(bury)himselfinhisstudy,hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.

＝Becausehe____________(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.

他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。BuriedBuryingwasburied

n．(sth.thattakesalotofenergy)努力；(anattempttodosth.,especiallywhenitisdifficulttodo)艰难的尝试；尽力effort表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意义)，通常是不可数名词。若强调一次一次具体的努力，通常是可数名词，尤其与all，these等修饰语连用时。(1)Mostimportantly,yourtimeandeffortatseniorhighschoolwillopenthedoortoyourpotential.

最重要的是，你在高中的时间和努力会为你的潜能打开大门。(2)AsfarasI'mconcerned,youshould__________________________________________tostudyhard.

依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。(3)IfIamluckyenoughtobegivensuchagoodchance，Iwill_________________________thetask.

如果我足够幸运被给予这样一个好机会，我将不遗余力地完

成这项任务。makeagreatereffort/makegreatereffortssparenoefforttofinish(4)Although_______________________________todoit,itwillbringyouthesatisfactionofajobwelldone.

虽然做这件事情要花费时间和精力，但它会给你带来做好一

件工作后的满足感。ittakesmuchtimeandeffortvt.(toexperiencesth.unpleasant,suchasinjury,defeatorloss)遭受；蒙受vi.(tobebadlyaffectedbyadisease,pain,sadness,etc.)(因疾

病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(1)suffer指遭受抽象的损害、痛苦等，如sufferpain/defeat/losses/theresult/sideeffects“遭受痛苦/失败/损失/(承受)结果/副作用”。(2)sufferfrom意为“受……折磨/之苦；患……病；受……的折

磨；因……受到损害(或损失)”，如sufferfromabadcold/aheadache/overwork/floods/droughts/anaturaldisaster“患重

感冒/头痛/受加班之苦/遭受洪灾/旱灾/自然灾害”。Weallwanttodosomethingtohelpthosesufferersoutoftheirsufferings．

我们都想做些事去帮助那些受苦者摆脱痛苦。(1)Withinafewdaysshehadbecomeseriouslyill,sufferinggreatpainanddiscomfort.

几天的时间，她就病得很严重了，疼痛难忍，全身不舒服。(2)Althoughwearesufferingfromsuchaseverenaturaldisaster,wewilleventuallyovercomethedifficultyaslongaswedon'tloseheart．

尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克

服困难。(3)

However,ifyourfriendignoresyourfeelingsor___________________，it'stimetorethinkyourrelationship.

然而，如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦，那么是时

候重新考虑你们的关系了。makesyousuffer(4)Deathfinallybroughtanendtoher______________(suffer).

死亡最终结束了她的痛苦。Part2核心句型剖析suffering(s)“too＋adj./adv.(＋forsb.)＋todosth.”表示否定的

意义，意思是“太……而不能……”。too…to…结构可与so…that…结构互换，注意此时so的后面接形容词或副词，that后的从句用否定形式。(1)在too…to…结构中，如使用表示人的心情或意愿的、具有

积极意义的形容词，如eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing等，通常无法用否定意义来解释。这时，不定式表示

肯定意义，too(前面通常有only修饰)相当于very。(2)can't/canneverbetoo…＝can't/canneverbe…enough再怎

么……也不过分。(1)Thebikeistooheavyforhim____________(control).

这辆自行车对他来说太重，无法控制。(2)Hewastooeager___________(know)theresultofhisexamination.

他迫切想知道考试的结果。tocontroltoknow(3)Youcan'tbetoocareful(＝Youcanneverbecarefulenough)_________(do)yourhomework.

你做作业越仔细越好(＝你做作业无论怎样仔细也不过分)。(4)Yourbrotheristooyoungtobefitforthework.

＝Yourbrotheris___________