2023年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考英语真题(解析版)

2023年呼和浩特市中考英语试卷2023年呼和浩特市中考试卷英语第一卷（选择题,共计85分）I.单项选择（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）1.—Thereisachocolatecakeonthetable.Isitformeorforyourfather?—It’sfor________,Mum.Happybirthday!A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——桌子上有一个巧克力蛋糕。是给我的还是给你父亲的？——这是给你的，妈妈。生日快乐。考查代词辨析。you你，宾格；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。此处作介词for的宾语，用宾格you，表示“是给你的”。故选A。2.Inmostmuseums,thereisnoshoutingandnorunning,andyou________touchanything.A.couldn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：在大多数博物馆里，没有喊叫和奔跑，你也不能碰任何东西。考查情态动词。couldn’t不能；can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止。根据“Inmostmuseums,thereisnoshoutingandnorunning,andyou...touchanything”可知在博物馆里禁止碰东西。故选D。3.Theairhasbeenmuch________theseyears.Governmentsaretakingactionagainstpollution.A.badly B.worst C.bad D.worse【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这些年来空气变得更糟了。政府正在采取措施治理污染。考查比较级。badly糟糕地，副词；worst最糟糕的；bad坏的；worse更糟糕的。根据“much”可知，此处需要用比较级，故选D。4.Parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentobehave________inpublic.A.properly B.clearly C.importantly D.widely【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：父母应该教育孩子在公共场合举止得体。考查副词辨析。properly得体地；clearly清晰地；importantly重要地；widely广泛地。根据“behave...inpublic”可知在公共场合要举止得体。故选A。5.—Whatdoyouthinkofthiscupoftea?—It________reallygreat.I’dlikeanothercup.A.sounds B.feels C.looks D.tastes【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——你觉得这杯茶怎么样？——味道很好。我想再来一杯。考查动词辨析。sound听起来；feel感觉；look看起来；taste尝起来。根据“Whatdoyouthinkofthiscupoftea?”可知茶尝起来很好，故选D。6.WhenyougotoanewschoolthisSeptember,you’dbetterlearnhowto________yourclassmates.A.catchupwith B.getalongwith C.takecareof D.getoutof【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：当你今年九月去一所新学校时，你最好学会如何与同学相处。考查动词短语。catchupwith赶上；getalongwith和某人和谐相处；takecareof照顾；getoutof摆脱。根据“you’dbetterlearnhowto...yourclassmates”可知是学习如何和同学和谐相处。故选B。7.Theywentclimbing______themorningofMay1andcameback______theafternoon.A.on;on B.in;in C.on;in D.in;on【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：他们在五一的早晨去爬山，下午返回。考查介词辨析。on后跟具体的某一天的早晨，下午，晚上；in后跟早晨，下午，晚上。第一空根据“themorningofMay1”可知，具体指五一早晨，所以是on；第二空“theafternoon”指下午，所以是in，故选C。8.IttookusnearlyeighthourstogettoZibo,________itwasworthitbecauseit’sanamazingcity,wherepeoplearekindandfriendly.A.and B.but C.so D.or【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们花了将近八个小时才到达淄博，但这是值得的，因为这是一个令人惊叹的城市，那里的人们善良友好。考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；so所以；or或者。前后两句是转折关系，用but连接。故选B。9.High-speedtrainsareseenasoneofthenewFourGreat________ofChina.A.Inventions B.Advantages C.Environments D.Technologies【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：高铁被视为中国的新四大发明之一。考查名词辨析。Inventions发明；Advantages优势；Environments环境；Technologies科技。根据“High-speedtrains”结合常识可知，高铁是中国的新四大发明之一。故选A。10.—Didyouenjoythepartylastnight?—Yes,we________wellbyourhosts.A.treated B.treat C.weretreated D.aretreated【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你喜欢昨晚的聚会吗？——是的，我们受到了主人很好的招待。考查被动语态。主语we和动词treat“款待”之间是被动关系，结合前句可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。11.—Ihaven’tfinishedmydinneryet.—Hurryup!Ourfriends________forusatthegate.A.wait B.havewaited C.arewaiting D.willwait【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我还没吃完饭呢。——快点！我们的朋友在门口等我们。考查动词时态。根据“Hurryup!”可知催促对方快点，因为朋友正在等候，应用现在进行时，故选C。12.________thequalityofPEclasses,someschoolsputsmarttechnologyintouse.A.Improving B.Toimprove C.Improve D.Improved【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：为了提高体育课的质量，一些学校使用了智能技术。考查非谓语。根据“thequalityofPEclasse”可知，为了提高体育课的质量，学校使用了智能技术，动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。13.—Youlooksohappy.Couldyoupleasetellme________?—Sure.A.thatyouvisitedyourgrandparents B.whodidyouspendtheholidaywithC.whatplaceyouhavevisited D.whendidyouwatchafootballmatch【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你看起来很开心你能告诉我你去过哪个地方吗？——当然。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据“Couldyoupleasetellme...”可知句子缺少含义，不能用that引导宾语从句，排除A。故选C。14.—Tomdreamsofbeingafootballplayer,butheisabitlazy.—Idon’tthinkhecanrealisehisdream________heworkshard.Youknow,nopain,nogain.A.when B.unless C.since D.because【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——汤姆梦想成为一名足球运动员，但他有点懒。——我认为他不可能实现他的梦想，除非他努力工作。你知道，没有付出就没有收获。考查连词辨析。when当……时候；unless除非；since自从；because因为。根据“Idon’tthinkhecanrealisehisdream...heworkshard”可知如果汤姆不努力，他不可能实现他的梦想，应用unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。15.—IhavetoattendameetingonSunday,soI’mafraidIcan’tgoswimmingwithyou.—________I’vebeenlookingforwardtoitfordays.A.Nevermind. B.Whatapity! C.Soundsgreat! D.Noproblem.【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——我星期天要参加一个会议，所以恐怕不能和你一起去游泳了。——多么可惜！我已经盼了好几天了。考查情景交际。Nevermind没关系；Whatapity多么可惜；Soundsgreat听起来棒极了；Noproblem没问题。根据“I’vebeenlookingforwardtoitfordays.”可知，已经盼了好几天了，所以听到对方不能一起去游泳而感到惋惜，故选B。II.完形填空（共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分）Afatherandhissonwenttoakite-flyingfestival.Thesonwashappywhenhesawthesky____16____colorfulkites.Hewantedtoflyakite,too.Thefatherthenboughtakiteforhisson.Thesonstartedtoflythekite.Soon,hiskitewashighupinthesky.Afterawhile,thesonsaid,“Father,itseemsthatthestring（线）is____17____thekitefromflyinghigher.Ifwecutit,itwillbe____18____andflyevenhigher.Canwecutit?”Thefatheragreed.Thekitestartedtogohigher.Thismadethelittleboy____19____.Butthen,slowly,thekitestartedtocomedown.Itsoon____20____totheground.Thesonwassurprisedtoseethis.Hesaidtohisfather,“Ithoughtthataftercuttingthestring,thekitewouldflyhigher.____21____diditfalldown?”Thefatherexplained,“Thestringwasnotstoppingthekitefromgoinghigher,____22____washelpingitstayinthesky.Youhelpedthekitegoupintheright____23____usingthestring.Butwhenyoucutthestring,itcould____24____supportthekite.”Wemaysometimesfeelliketherearecertainthings____25____areholdingusbackandstoppingusfromgrowing.Butinfact,thesemightbethethingssupportingusthemost.16.A.usefulfor B.fullof C.proudof D.famousfor17.A.pushing B.keeping C.protecting D.moving18.A.heavy B.smart C.free D.short19.A.sad B.angry C.calm D.excited20.A.dropped B.drove C.climbed D.rode21.A.When B.What C.Where D.Why22.A.and B.because C.if D.but23.A.road B.street C.direction D.order24.A.nolonger B.anylonger C.anymore D.nomore25.A.what B.who C.that D.where【答案】16.B17.B18.C19.D20.A21.D22.D23.C24.A25.C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一位父亲和儿子一起去参加风筝节的故事。这个故事告诉我们有时候我们认为一个事情阻碍了我们成长，但是，实际上这些可能是支持我们的东西。【16题详解】句意：当儿子看到满天五颜六色的风筝时，他很高兴。usefulfor对……有用；fullof充满；proudof为……自豪；famousfor因……著名。根据“thesky...colorfulkites.”可知天空充满五颜六色的风筝。故选B。【17题详解】句意：爸爸，好像那根线阻止了风筝飞得更高。pushing推；keeping保持；protecting保护；moving移动。根据“fromflyinghigher.”和“Ifwecutit”可知男孩认为风筝线阻止了风筝飞得更高。keep...fromdoingsth“阻止……做某事”。故选B。【18题详解】句意：如果我们把它剪掉，它就会自由地飞得更高。heavy重的；smart聪明的；free自由的；short短的。根据“flyevenhigher.”可知男孩认为剪断风筝线，风筝会自由，故选C。

【19题详解】句意：这让小男孩很兴奋。sad伤心的；angry愤怒的；calm冷静的；excited激动的。根据“Thekitestartedtogohigher.”可知风筝飞得更高了，所以男孩很激动，故选D。【20题详解】句意：它很快就掉到了地上。dropped落下；drove开车；climbed爬；rode骑。根据“totheground.”可知风筝掉到地上了，故选A。【21题详解】句意：它为什么会掉下来？When什么时候；What什么；Where在哪里；Why为什么。根据“Ithoughtthataftercuttingthestring,thekitewouldflyhigher”可知男孩认为剪断线后，风筝会飞得更高，但是事实上却掉下来了，所以男孩问爸爸为什么，故选D。【22题详解】句意：绳子并没有阻止风筝飞得更高，而是帮助它停留在空中。and并且；because因为；if如果；but但是。根据“Thestringwasnotstoppingthekitefromgoinghigher...washelpingitstayinthesky.”可知前后是转折关系，应用but，故选D。【23题详解】句意：你用线帮助风筝朝着正确的方向上升。road路；street街道；direction方向；order顺序。根据“Youhelpedthekitegoupintheright...usingthestring.”结合常识可知用线可以帮助风筝朝着正确的方向上升。故选C。【24题详解】句意：但是当你剪断线时，它就不能再支撑风筝了。nolonger不再；anylonger（不）再；anymore（不）再；nomore不再。根据“Butwhenyoucutthestring,itcould...supportthekite”可知风筝线断了之后，再也不能支撑风筝了。BC选项一般和not连用，此处不符合，排除；nolonger强调的是时间上不再延续，nomore强调的是数量和程度上不再增加。此处是强调时间上不再延续，应用nolonger。故选A。【25题详解】句意：我们有时可能会觉得有些事情阻碍了我们，阻止了我们的成长。what不引导定语从句；who先行词是人；that先行词是人或物；where先行词是地点。此处是定语从句，先行词为物，关系词作从句主语，应用that。故选C。BAvillageprimaryschoolinYunnanProvincehasamazedeveryonewhoknowsit.Theschoolwithmorethan1,000teachersandstudentshasachieved____26____self-sufficiency（自给自足）byofferingfarmingforstudents.JingwaiMingdePrimarySchoolismadeupoffivelocalvillageprimaryschools.Since2008,ithasbeenpayingattentiontostudents’____27____inanall-roundwaythroughlabor（劳动）education.Theschoolhasbeen____28____withabout150muoffarmlandandhasfeditselffor15years.Onthefarmland,studentscan____29____farmwork.Mostofthetime,farmersareresponsiblefortheland,buttheteachers____30____studentsindoingfarmworktwiceaweek.AfterenteringGrade3,eachclassisgivenapieceoflandtoplantvegetablesor____31____animals.Thevegetablesandanimalswillbeusedfortheir____32____meals.Duringtheplanting,studentsfeelthehardshipoffarmworkandwill____33____thefoodmoreinthefuture.AccordingtoheadmasterLeiYingfei,throughlaboreducation,studentshave____34____basiclifeskills,developedasenseofteamwork,aswellasimprovedtheirperformanceofculturalcourses.“Childrenwhohavenotkissedthelandwillnothaveacompletechildhood.Thefarmlaborwillbuild_____35_____socialabilitythatlastsalifetime,”hesaid.26.A.food B.meat C.vegetables D.animals27.A.energy B.stress C.development D.safety28.A.compared B.mixed C.agreed D.provided29.A.showaninterestin B.findout C.takepartin D.putup30.A.aid B.control C.pressure D.influence31.A.sell B.keep C.protect D.cook32A.regular B.important C.special D.daily33.A.take B.value C.waste D.grow34.A.created B.offered C.learned D.reduced35.A.strange B.humorous C.common D.excellent【答案】26.A27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一所小学让学生参与农活，这帮助学生全面发展【26题详解】句意：这所拥有1000多名师生的学校通过为学生提供农业，实现了粮食自给自足。food食物；meat肉；vegetables蔬菜；animals动物。根据“byofferingfarmingforstudents.”以及下文可知通过做农活实现了粮食自给自足。故选A。【27题详解】句意：2008年以来，学校通过劳动教育全面关注学生的发展。energy精力；stress压力；development发展；safety安全。根据“payingattentiontostudents’”可知是关注学生的发展。故选C。【28题详解】句意：这所学校拥有大约150亩农田，已经养活了自己15年。compared比较；mixed混合；agreed同意；provided提供。根据“withabout150muoffarmland”可知是提供了150亩农田。故选D。【29题详解】句意：在农田里，学生们可以参加农活。showaninterestin对……表现出兴趣；findout查明；takepartin参加；putup张贴。根据“farmwork”可知是参加农活。故选C。【30题详解】句意：大多数时候，农民负责耕种土地，但老师每周帮助学生做两次农活。aid帮助；control控制；pressure压力；influence影响。根据“studentsindoingfarmwork”可知老师帮助学生做农活。故选A。【31题详解】句意：进入三年级后，每个班级都会得到一块地来种植蔬菜或饲养动物。sell卖；keep饲养；protect保护；cook煮饭。根据“animals”可知是饲养动物。故选B。【32题详解】句意：这些蔬菜和动物将用于他们的日常膳食。regular定期的；important重要的；special特别的；daily日常的。根据“their...meals”可知他们种植的蔬菜和养殖的动物将用于他们的日常饮食中。故选D。【33题详解】句意：在种植过程中，学生们感受到了农活的艰辛，将来会更加珍惜食物。take带走；value珍惜；waste浪费；grow种植。根据“thefoodmoreinthefuture.”可知让学生珍惜食物。故选B。【34题详解】句意：据校长雷英飞介绍，通过劳动教育，学生们学会了基本的生活技能，培养了团队合作意识，并提高了文化课的成绩。created创造；offered提供；learned学习；reduced减少。根据“basiclifeskills,”可知是学习基本的生活技能。故选C。【35题详解】句意：农场劳动将培养出持续一生的优秀社交能力。strange奇怪的；humorous幽默的；common普通的；excellent优秀的。根据“socialabilitythatlastsalifetime”可知培养学生优秀的社交能力。故选D。III.阅读理解（共25小题;每小题2分,满分50分）ARecently,Chinahasannouncedthelistofthefirstfivenationalparks.Eachofthemisdividedintotwoparts—thecore（核心）protectionareaandthegeneralcontrolarea.Inthecoreprotectionarea,onlyresearchandsurveillance（监视）inscienceareallowed.Andthegeneralcontrolareaisopentothepublic,allowingtravelactivitiessuchascampingandhiking.Inthefuture,nationalparksareexpectedtobenaturalclassrooms.Peoplecanlearnaboutdifferentkindsofanimalsandplantsthrougheco-friendlytravelactivities.ThreeRiver-SourceNationalParkontheQinghai-TibetPlateauisthelargestnationalparkinChina.BecauseitishometothesourcesoftheYangtze,YellowandLancangrivers,peoplecallit“China’swatertower”.NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalParkisinHeilongjiangandJilinProvinces.Itcoversanareaof14,100squarekilometres.Itisourcountry’sbiggestandonlyplaceforwildSiberiantigersandAmurleopardstolivein.WuyiMountainNationalParkinFujianProvinceisaUNESCOnaturalandculturalheritagesite（遗址）.Theforestmakesupover96percentofthepark.Theparkistheparadiseofbirds,kingdomofsnakesandworldofinsects.YoucanalsoseetheDanxialandform（地貌）there.GiantPandaNationalParkconnectspandahabitats（栖息地）inSichuan,ShaanxiandGansuProvinces.Insidetheparkaremorethan1,600wildgiantpandas.Theymakeupover70percentofthepandasinChina.HainanTropicalRainforestNationalParkisthelargesttropicalforestinChina.Therearemorethan400kindsofplantsthatcanonlybefoundinHainan.36.Whatactivitycanbedoneinthecoreprotectionarea?A.Hunting. B.Researching. C.Hiking. D.Camping.37.Whichiscalled“China’swatertower”?A.ThreeRiver-SourceNationalPark. B.NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark.C.GiantPandaNationalPark. D.HainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark.38.Theunderlinedword“paradise”means________.A.aperfectplace B.ahappyfeeling C.agoodexample D.asweetsmile39.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?A.ThreeRiver-SourceNationalParkisthelargestnationalparkinChina. B.NortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalParkcoversanareaof14,100squarekilometres.C.Therearemorethan1,600wildgiantpandasinGiantPandaNationalPark. D.Morethan400kindsofplantsandanimalscanonlybefoundinHainan.40.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thebeautifulscenesofnature B.ThehomeofanimalsandplantsC.Theintroductiontothefivenationalparks D.Therelationshipsamongthefivenationalparks【答案】36.B37.A38.A39.D40.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了中国公布的首批五个国家公园的情况。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据“Inthecoreprotectionarea,onlyresearchandsurveillance（监视）inscienceareallowed”可知，在核心保护区，只允许进行科学研究和监测，故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThreeRiver-SourceNationalPark...peoplecallit‘China’swatertower’”可知人们称三江源国家公园为“中国的水塔”。故选A。【38题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Theforestmakesupover96percentofthepark.Theparkistheparadiseofbirds,kingdomofsnakesandworldofinsects”可知，森林占公园的96%以上，公园是鸟类的天堂，蛇的王国，昆虫的世界，所以单词“paradise”指的是“天堂”，即完美之地，故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“Therearemorethan400kindsofplantsthatcanonlybefoundinHainan.”可知只有在海南才能找到400多种植物，未提到动物。故选D。【40题详解】最佳标题题。根据“Recently,Chinahasannouncedthelistofthefirstfivenationalparks.”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍五个国家公园的情况，故选C。BYoumusthavereadorheardofthesadlovestorybetweenJiaBaoyuandLinDaiyu.ButcanyouimaginethetwosingingoperainEnglishinsteadofspeakingpoeticChinese?JiaandLinaretwocharactersfromtheclassicChinesenovelADreamofRedMansions（《红楼梦》）,writtenbyCaoXueqin（1715—1763）.NowthebookhasbeenmadeintoanEnglish-languageopera.AfterbeingperformedinSanFrancisco,theUS,theperformancecametoBeijing,ChangshaandWuhanin2017.Manyoftheopera’screatorshavebackgroundsinbothChineseandAmericancultures,includingthedirectorandplaywrights（剧作家）.TheirunderstandingofbothcultureshelpedthemchangeaChineseclassicintoaforeign-languageopera.Thebook,whichcoverstheriseandfalloftheJiafamily,has120chaptersandhundredsofcharacters.ButoperawriterDavidHenryHwangcutdownthenumberofcharacterstojustseven.Hwang,aChinese-American,focusedonthelovestorybetweenJiaandLinandtriedtowriteatragedy（悲剧）thateveryonewouldunderstand.TheartdirectorTimmyYip,fromHongKong,triedtohelpforeignpeopleunderstandthecharactersusingcostumesandstagedecorations.HecomparedLintowaterandgaveheralightgreencostume.WhenLinshoweduponstage,therewasusuallywateraroundheronthestage.ThecreatorsconsideredtheworkofintroducingaChineseclassictoWesternaudiencewasworthdoing.HwangtoldChinaDailyhewashappyto“havemadeacontribution（贡献）tothelandwheremyparentswereborn”.41.Wherewastheoperafirstperformed?A.InBeijing. B.InChangsha. C.InSanFrancisco. D.InWuhan.42.WhatdoweknowaboutADreamofRedMansionsfromParagraph4?A.ItismainlyabouttheriseandgreatnessoftheQingDynasty. B.Ittellsthehappy-endinglovestorybetweenJiaandLin.C.Thebookislongandrichincharacters. D.Thebookhassevencharactersintotal.43.TheartdirectorcomparedLintowaterprobablybecauseofher________.A.dressingstyle B.character C.appearance D.lifehabits44.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ADreamofRedMansionshasbeentranslatedintoEnglish. B.Hwang’sparentswereborninAmerica.C.TheEnglish-languageoperawasontourintheUS. D.TimmyYipknowsalotaboutChinesecultureaswellasAmericanculture.45.Whatdocreatorsoftheoperathinkoftheirjob?A.Difficultandunbelievable. B.Stressfulandtough. C.Satisfyingandmeaningful. D.Painfulandchallenging.【答案】41.C42.C43.B44.D45.C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了《红楼梦》这本书被改编成英语歌剧。41题详解】细节理解题。根据“AfterbeingperformedinSanFrancisco”可知首先在美国旧金山演出。故选C。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thebook,whichcoverstheriseandfalloftheJiafamily,has120chaptersandhundredsofcharacters”可知这本书讲述了贾府的兴衰，共有120章，数百个角色，所以这部小说很长，角色很多。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheartdirectorTimmyYip,fromHongKong,triedtohelpforeignpeopleunderstandthecharactersusingcostumesandstagedecorations.HecomparedLintowater”可知他试图通过服装和舞台装饰来帮助外国人理解这些角色，所以他把林比作水。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据“Manyoftheopera’screatorshavebackgroundsinbothChineseandAmericancultures,includingthedirectorandplaywrights”可知这部歌剧的许多创作者都有中美文化背景，包括导演和剧作家，由此可推知导演TimmyYip对中国文化和美国文化都很了解。故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据“ThecreatorsconsideredtheworkofintroducingaChineseclassictoWesternaudiencewasworthdoing.HwangtoldChinaDailyhewashappyto‘havemadeacontribution（贡献）tothelandwheremyparentswereborn’.”可知创作者认为向西方观众介绍中国经典作品是值得的，他很高兴“为我父母出生的土地做出了贡献”，所以他们认为他们的工作是令人满意且有意义的。故选C。CIsthereawaytoquicklyrecallinformationjustbeforetakinganexam?Walkingbackwardmightbeasolution.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofRoehamptonintheUKsaidthisactivitycanhelppeopleimprovetheirshort-termmemory.Researchersasked114volunteerstowatchavideo.Afterwatchingthevideo,participantsweresplitintothreegroups.Onegroupwastoldtowalk10metresforward.Thesecondgroupwalked10metresbackward.Thethirdgroupstoodinoneplace.Allthreegroupswerethenasked20questionsaboutwhattheysawinthevideo.Thescientistsfoundthatthebackward-walkinggroupgottwomoreanswerscorrectonaveragethantheothertwogroups.Thissuggeststhatthelinkbetweentheconcepts（概念）oftimeandspaceisimportantintermsofhowourmindsformmemories.Whenyouwalkbackward,youseethingsfromadifferentangle.Thisdifferencehelpspeoplerecallthingsthattookplaceinthepast.Andwalkingbackwardisnotjustgoodforourbrains.Itisalsogoodfortherestofourbodies.Comparedtowalkingforward,walkingbackwardismorechallenging.Thiscanhelpusimproveourfitness,accordingtoNewScientist.Walkingbackwardusesmoreenergyinashorttimeandburnsmorecalories.Inaddition,walkingbackwardislessstressfulforourknees.Itcouldbehelpfulforpeoplewhooftenhavepainintheirknees,accordingtoresearchersfromtheUniversityofOregonintheUS.Walkingbackwardalsokeepsourspines（脊柱）strong,whichcanhelptoreducepaininthelowerback.Thismightbewhymanyoldpeoplelikewalkingbackward.46.Walkingbackwardcanhelppeople_________.A.solvedifficultproblems B.creategoodmemories C.improveshort-termmemory D.burnlesscalories47.Whatdoyouknowaboutthe114volunteers?A.Theymadeavideoaboutwalking. B.Theywatchedavideobeforewalkingorstandingstill.C.Theyaskedeachother20questionsaboutwalking. D.Theyweredividedintofourteams.48.WhatisthepurposeofwritingParagraph4?A.Totalkaboutmemoryloss. B.Totelltheimportanceofwalkingbackward.C.Toexplaintheresultoftheresearch. D.Toshowthelinkbetweentimeandspace.49.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whydomanyoldpeoplechoosetowalkbackward?a.Toloseweight.b.Toreducethepainintheirknees.c.Tokeeptheirspinesstrong.d.Torelaxthemselves.A.ab B.bc C.bd D.ad50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Differentwaysofwalking. B.Benefitsofwalkingbackward. C.Researchaboutmemory. D.Testaboutwalkingbackward.【答案】46.C47.B48.C49.B50.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍倒着走有助于提高短期记忆，还可以提高体能、缓解身体疼痛。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据“thisactivitycanhelppeopleimprovetheirshort-termmemory.”可知，倒着走可以帮助人们改善短期记忆，故选C。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据“Researchersasked114volunteerstowatchavideo.Afterwatchingthevideo,participantsweresplitintothreegroups”可知，志愿者在实验之前要观看一段视频，故选B。【48题详解】段落大意题。根据“Thissuggeststhatthelinkbetweentheconcepts（概念）oftimeandspaceisimportantintermsofhowourmindsformmemories”可知，这表明，就我们的大脑如何形成记忆而言，时间和空间概念之间的联系很重要，所以这段是解释研究结果，故选C。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inaddition,walkingbackwardislessstressfulforourknees…Walkingbackwardalsokeepsourspines（脊柱）strong”可知，倒着走有两个好处，减少膝盖的疼痛和保持脊柱强壮，故选B。【50题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文大意可知，介绍了倒着走的好处，有助于提高短期记忆，还可以提高体能、缓解身体疼痛，故选B。DTheworld’sfirstfullyhydrogen-powered（氢动力）trainlinehasofficiallybegunrunninginGermany.Thetrainsmakealmostnonoiseandrunwithoutpolluting.Germanyisplanningtoreplacemanyofitsdiesel（柴油）trainswithhydrogentrains.OnOctober24,2022,fivehydrogen-poweredtrainsbegantomakethe100-kilometretripbetweenCuxhavenandBuxtehudeinGermany.Thenewtrainsarepartofa$92.5millionprojectbyLNVG,whichhasbeentestingthehydrogen-poweredtrainssince2018.Atpresent,mosttrainsrunondieselpower.Whendieselfuelisburned,itcreatesCO2andotherpollutinggases.Thesegaseshavehelpedcreatetheclimatecrisis.That’spartlywhytheLNVGhasdecidedthatallthetrainsontheroutewillrunonhydrogen.Thetrains,calledCoradiaiLinttrains,arebuiltbytheFrenchcompany,Alstom.AndLNVGhasorderedatotalof14ofthehydrogen-poweredtrains.Hydrogenisagasthatburnseasily.Hydrogencanbeusedtocreateelectricitybycombiningwithoxygenina“fuelcell”.Afuelcellislikeabatterythatneverrunsdownaslongasithashydrogen.Thechemicalreactionwhichtakesplacecreateselectricity.TheCoradiaiLinttrainsrunonelectricitycreatedbyhydrogenfuelcells.Ifthefuelcellsmaketoomuchelectricity,it’susedtorecharge（重新充电）thetrain’sbatteries.Becausethemotoriselectric,thetrainsrunalmostsilently.There’sahydrogenstationonthelinetorefuelthetrains.Butsincethetrainscangoabout1,000kilometresbeforetheyneedmorefuel,theyonlyneedtofilluponceaday.Thetrainscangoasfastas140kph—aboutthesameasthedieseltrainsthey’rereplacing.Inmanyplaces,hydrogen-poweredtrainsareasmartchoiceforreplacingdieseltrains.ThecityofFrankfurt,Germanyhasalreadyordered27oftheCoradiaiLinttrains.Othercountriesarealsointerested.FranceandItalyhaveorderedseveralofthehydrogen-poweredtrains.51.WhatcanweinferaboutLNVGfromParagraph3?A.DieselpowerisnotallowedinFrance. B.Itinventedthefirsthydrogen-poweredtrain.C.Itcaresaboutenvironmentalprotection. D.Itplanstoorder14hydrogen-poweredtrains.52.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Howthehydrogen-poweredtrainsarepowered. B.Howthehydrogen-poweredtrainsarereplaced.C.Howthehydrogen-poweredtrainsarecreated. D.Howthehydrogen-poweredtrainsareimproved.53.WhatistheadvantageoftheCoradiaiLinttrains?A.Theycanbeboughtatalowerprice. B.Theymakelittlenoisewhenrunning.C.Theyrunfasterthantraditionaltrains. D.Theyneedtobefueledonceaweek.54.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Thehydrogen-poweredtrainsweretestedfirstin2018. B.Whenhydrogenisburned,itcreatesCO2.C.TheCoradiaiLinttrainsrunonelectricitycreatedbydieselfuelcells. D.GermanyandItalyordered27hydrogen-poweredtrains.55.HowdoFranceandItalylikethehydrogen-poweredtrains?A.Expensive. B.Comfortable.C.Interested D.Indifferent【答案】51.C52.A53.B54.A55.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了氢动力列车的相关信息，包括德国首次使用氢动力列车，并计划取代柴油火车，氢能源的优点，以及其他各国对氢动力火车的看法。【51题详解】推理判断题。根据“Whendieselfuelisburned,itcreatesCO2andotherpollutinggases.Thesegaseshavehelpedcreatetheclimatecrisis.That’spartlywhytheLNVGhasdecidedthatallthetrainsontheroutewillrunonhydrogen”可知当柴油燃烧时，会产生二氧化碳和其他污染气体，这些气体造成了气候危机。这就是LNVG决定该路线上的所有列车都将使用氢气的部分原因，由此可推知LNVG关心环境保护。故选C。【52题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Hydrogencanbeusedtocreateelectricitybycombiningwithoxygenina‘fuelcell’...”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了氢动力列车是如何提供动力的。故选A。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thetrainsmakealmostnonoiseandrunwithoutpolluting”可知这种火车没有噪音，没有污染。故选B。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据“whichhasbeentestingthehydrogen-poweredtrainssince2018.”可知该项目自2018年以来一直在测试氢动力列车，所以在2018年是第一次测试。故选A。【55题详解】推理判断题根据“Othercountriesarealsointerested.FranceandItalyhaveorderedseveralofthehydrogen-poweredtrains.”可知法国和意大利已经订购了几列氢动力列车，说明这两个国家对此很感兴趣。故选C。E日常对话根据对话内容，从中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话，其中有两个为多余选项。A:Hi,Jenny!Haveyoufinishedreadingthemagazine?B:____56____NowI’mreadinganarticleaboutChina’sworld-famousbridges.Comeandtakealookatthepicturesofthebridges.A:Howamazing!____57____B:Justtwo—theFirstBeipanRiverBridgeandtheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.A:WhendidyouvisittheFirstBeipanRiverBridge?B:In2021.Thebridgeisveryhigh.Icouldn’tbelievemyeyeswhenIsawit.A:____58____B:Yes,thebridgestands565.4metresaboveariver.A:____59____B:Theworld’slongestcross-seabridgeisreallyanewwonderoftheworld.Lastmonth,ItookabustoHongKongacrossthebridge.____60____A:Thatsoundsgreat.I’mlookingforwardtovisitingit.A.Notyet.B.Youcan’timaginehowfantasticitwas.C.AsaChinesestudent,Ifeelproudofourcountry.D.Howmanyofthemhaveyouevervisited?E.Itisthehighestbridgeintheworld,isn’tit?F.WhatabouttheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge?G.ItliesbetweenGuizhouProvinceandYunnanProvince.【答案】56.A57.D58.E59.F60.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了中国的著名大桥。【56题详解】根据“Haveyoufinishedreadingthemagazine?”可知，回答一般疑问句，选项A“还没有。”符合语境，故选A。【57题详解】根据“Justtwo—theFirstBeipanRiverBridgeandtheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.”可知，询问数量，选项D“你参观过几个？”符合语境，故选D。【58题详解】根据“Yes,thebridgestands565.4metresaboveariver.”可知，此句是一个一般疑问句，与桥的高度有关，选项E“它是世界上最高的桥，不是吗？”符合语境，故选E。【59题详解】根据“Lastmonth,ItookabustoHongKongacrossthebridge.”可知，此处讲述港珠澳大桥，选项F“港珠澳大桥怎么样？符合语境，故选F。【60题详解】根据“Lastmonth,ItookabustoHongKongacrossthebridge.”可知，描述港珠澳大桥，选项B“你无法想象那有多美妙。”符合语境，故选B。第二卷（非选择题,共计35分）IV.用所给词或短语的适当形式填空read;five;comeupwith;hero;dowellin;collect;depend;bytheendof;agree;high61.Recently,16Chineseonlinenovelshavebeenaddedtothe_________