2024年人教版高一英语同步讲义（必修第三册）Unit 5 The Value of Money：Period 3 Reading For Writing（学案）（解析版）

Book3Unit5TheValueofMoneyPeriod3ReadingForWriting001预习导学Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵)一、基础词汇记其形1.___________________n.裁缝2._________________n.方式;礼仪.3.________________n楼梯:梯级4._______________n.选择:选择权:选修课5.________________adj.宽阔的:广阔的6._______________

v.允许:准许7.____________adj外部的:外界的1.tailor2.manner3.stair4.option5.broad6.Permit7.external二、核心词汇记中变1.__________adj.外部的;外来的→__________adj.内部的✿______________________成功做成某事2.__________n.成功;成就→__________adj.成功的;达到目的→__________vi.成功vt.&vi.继承,继任,vt.随…之后;继续3._________n.举止;行为方式;方法→_________n.［pl.］礼仪;礼貌bad______无礼貌,坏习惯_____________/_____以…方式4._________n.选择;选择权(=_________=______)→_________adj.可选择的;随意的=_________选修课:____________________必修课:________________✿__________n.可供选择的事物,选择adj.可替代的,备选的5._________adj.上流社会的;上等阶层的→_________adj.上面的;上层的;靠上部的_________n.级别6._________n.许可;批准;许可证→_________vt.＆vi.允许;准许;使有可能过去式过去分词：_________7._______n.意志;心愿;遗嘱vt.决心要→_________adj.愿意的→_________adj.不愿意的✿愿意做某事：_____________8.________adj.宽阔的;广的→________vt.&vi.加宽;扩大✿spot过去式/过去分词:_______t,再加______9.________vt.从事;追赶;继续;纠缠→________n.职业,工作;追赶,追求追求…:_______________________10.________adj.正常的;正规的，标准的→________adj.反常的,异常的;变态的________adj.正式的11.______vt.&vi.(为…)服务;任(职)→_______n.服务;服役;仪式→________n.仆人,公/服务员_______为某人服务________作为…12.______vi.＆vt.退休;退出→_____________n.退休→__________adj.退休的13.__________vt．回答；回复vi．做出反应；回应→__________n．反应；回答；回复和介词_____搭配1.externaladj.外部的;外来的→internaladj.内部的✿succeedindoingsth.成功做成某事2.successn.成功;成就→successfuladj.成功的;达到目的→succeedvi.成功vt.&vi.继承,继任,vt.随…之后;继续3.mannern.举止;行为方式;方法→manners n.［pl.］礼仪;礼貌badmanners无礼貌,坏习惯ina…manner/way以…方式4.optionn.可选择的事物;选择;选择权(=selection=choice)→optionaladj.可选择的;随意的=selective选修课:optional/selectivecourse必修课:compulsorycourse✿alternativen.可供选择的事物,选择adj.可替代的,备选的5.upper-classadj.上流社会的;上等阶层的→upperadj.上面的;上层的;靠上部的classn.级别6.permissionn.许可;批准;许可证→permitv.允许;准许;使有可能过去式、过去分词:permitted7.willn.意志;心愿;遗嘱vt.决心要→willingadj.乐意的;自愿的(todo)→unwillingadj.不愿意的;不情愿的;勉强的8.broadadj.宽阔的;广的→broadenvt.&vi.加宽;扩大✿spot过去式/过去分词:双写t,再加ed9.pursuevt.从事;追赶;继续;纠缠→pursuitn.职业,工作;追赶,追求追求…:inpursuitof…10.normaladj.正常的;正规的，标准的→abnormaladj.反常的,异常的;变态的formaladj.正式的11.servevt.&vi.(为…)服务;任(职)→servicen.服务;服役;仪式→servantn.仆人,公/服务员servesb.为某人服务serveas…作为…12.retirevi.＆vt.退休;退出→retirementn.退休→retiredadj.退休的13.respondvt.回答;回复vi．做出反应;回应→responsen.反应;回答;回复和介词to搭配三、阅读词汇识其义1.ambassador n.

2.upper-class adj.

3.upper adj.

4.saying n.

5.external adj.

6.tailor n.

vt.

7.clerk n.

8.downstairs adv.

9.stair n.

10.frown n.&vi.

1.大使;使节;代表2.上流社会的;上等阶层的3.上面的;上层的;靠上部的4.谚语;格言;警句5.外部的;外面的;外来的6.(男装)裁缝专门制作;定做7.职员;文书;店员8.顺楼梯而下;在楼下;往楼下9.楼梯;梯级10.皱眉Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1.上流社会_________________2.避免做……_________________3.向……道歉_________________4.应该；应当_________________1.theupperclass2.avoiddoingsth3.makeanapologyto/saysorryto4.oughtto/besupposedto002语篇理解目标一：Activity1:Readthescenequicklyandsummarizethemainidea.Answer:Inthetailor’sshop,Henrywastreatedcoldlyatfirstbecausehelookedpoorandlaterhewasrespected,forheshowedthelargenote.Activity2:Readthesceneandanswerthequestions.1WheredoesHenrygo?Whatdoeshewant?2WhatdotheclerksshowHenryatfirst?Why?3WhatmakesthepeopleinthestorechangetheirattitudestowardsHenry?4Whywouldtheownerbewillingtowaitforalongtimetogetpaid?5Isitrighttojudgepeoplebytheirclothes?Whyorwhynot?Answers:1Hegoestoatailor’sshop.Hewantsnewclothes.2Theyshowhimready-madeclothes,becausehelookspoorandtheseclothesarecheaper.3Theychangetheirattitudesafterseeingthemillion-poundnotebecausetheythinkthatheisrich.4PerhapshethinksthatHenrywillcomebackandbuyalotmoreclothesinthefutureortellhiswealthyfriendsabouttheshop.5No,itisnotrightfortworeasons.First,everyonehasdignityandshouldbetreatedwiththesamerespect.Second,youcan’tjudgesomeonebeforeyouknowallthefactsaboutthisperson.Dressingwellorhavingalotofmoneydoesn’tmeansomeoneisaniceperson.Sometimesappearancesaredeceptive.Activity3:Readthesceneandanswerthequestions.1What’stheturningpointofthestoryinthisscene?2WhathappensbeforeandafterHenryshowsthebanknote?3Usesomewordstodescribepeople’schangingattitudestowardsHenrybeforeandafterHenryshowsthebanknoteAnswers:1WhenHenryshowsthebanknote.2Beforeheshowsthebanknote:•Henryisshoweddownstairs.•Theclerkgiveshimacheapcoat.•TheclerkbecomesangrybecauseHenrycan’tpayatonce.Afterheshowsthebanknote:•Theclerkisshocked.•Theownercomesoverandchangeshisattitudeatonce.•TheybringHenrytoanotherpartoftheshopandbeginmeasuringhim.•Theyaregladtowaitalongtimetogetpaid.3rude,impatient,angry,lookdownupon/satirize(讽刺)Henryover-polite;patient;flattering(奉承的，拍马屁的)Activity4:Studythelanguagefeatures.1Pickoutthesentencesthatshowhowpeople’sattitudeschangetowardsHenry.2Readthesceneagainandfindanexampleforeachofthefollowingelements.Thendiscusswithyourpartnerhowtowriteeachelement.characternamesnarrationstagedirectionslinesofdialoguescenetitleofplayAnswers:1(inarudemanner)Seehimthere.(pointingtoanotherclerk)Ready-madesuits?Downstairs.IknowwhatI’mdoing.I’vegoteyes,haven’tI?(lookingathimwithafrown)It’sallwehaveinyoursize.(tryingnottoshowhe’sangry)Isupposeagentlemanlikeyouonlycarriesverylargebills.TheclerkdropsHenry’scoat.Thenhefoldsthebillandslowlyunfoldsitagain,asiflookingatsomethinghecan’tbelieveisthere.Givehimhischange,Todd.Getgoing…(toHenry)Oh,takeoffthiscoat,sir.(toTodd)Gogettheothers,Todd!(toHenryagain)Allowme,sir!Thisway,sir.(inanotherpartoftheshop,wherethereisawiderangeofoptionsforHenrytochoosefrom.)Nevermind.(withabroadsmile)Alongtime,sir?Why,youdon’thavetoworryaboutthat!Yes,wecanwaitforever!Fine,fine.Youraddress,sir?Ofcourseyouare!That’sverynormal!Abusyman,I’msure.2characternames:narrator;Henry;1stclerk,2ndclerk,3rdclerk,ownernarration:Henryiswalkingalongthestreetholdingthebanknoteinhishand.Hiscoatisworninseveralplaces.Heseesasignforatailor’sshop.stagedirection:enteringtheshop;inarudemanner;pointingtoanotherclerk;aftergoingdownsomestairs;pullingthe3rdclerkasideandwhispering...linesofdialogue:I’dliketohaveasuitcoat;Seehimthere;....Fine,fine.Youraddress,sir?Idon’thaveone.Er...I’mmoving.Ofcourseyouare!That’sverynormal!Abusyman,I’msure.scene:ACT2,SCENE1titleofplay:THEMILLIONPOUNDBANKNOTE目标二：Towriteadramaticscene.Activity:UsewhatyouhavelearnttowriteanewscenefortheplaywhereHenrywilltrytousethebanknote.Task1:Workingroups.BrainstormaplacethatHenrywillgoto,andwhatdifficultieshemightface.1WherewillHenrygoinyoursceneoftheplay?inarestaurantatatailor’sshopHenrywillgotothebarber’s.2Whatdifficultiesmighthefaceatthebarber’s?Thebarberignoreshimorshowshimnorespect.3Whatmighthappenaftertheturningpoint?AfterHenryshowsthebarberthebanknote,thebarberprovideshimwiththebestservice.Task2:Workingroups.Finishthefollowingthingsandwriteyourdrafts.A.Makealistofthecharacters.B.Makeanoutlineoftheeventsinthescene.C.Decidehowthecharacters’feelingschangeduringthescene.D.Thinkofanexcitingending.E.Writethedialogue.F.Writethestagedirectionswhichtelltheactorswhattodoorhowtosaysomething.Task3:Inyourgroup,usethischecklisttohelpyourevisethedraft.√Arealltheelementsofaplayincludedandingoodorder?√Dothecharactersusesuitablelanguage?√Arethestagedirectionsclearanduseful?√Istheplotclearandexcitingenough?√Arethereanygrammar,spellingorpunctuationerrors?Getyourdraftbackandreviseit.Task4:Performyourscenebeforetheclass._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SampleWriting:THEMILLIONPOUNDBANKNOTEACT2,SCENE2Narrator:Henryissmilingasheleavesthetailor’sshop.Helooksmuchbetterwithhisnewsuit.Asheiswalkingdownthestreet,heseesasignforaplacethatcutshair.Inashopwindow,helooksathisownhair.Sinceit’stoolong,hedecidestogetitcut.Henry:Goodafternoon,I’dliketogetacut,ifImay.(ThebarbertakesonelookatHenryandcontinuescuttinganotherman’shair.)Er…I’dreallyliketogetahaircut.Asyoucanseeit’smuchtoolong.Barber:(inarudemanner)Yes,Icanseethat.Indeed,Ican.Henry:Fine,well,I’lljusthaveaseatthen.(Aftersometime,thebarberfinishescuttingtheother’sman’shair,takehismoney,andthenturnstolookatHenry.)Barber:Lookslikeit’sbeenalongtime.Youmustbeasailor.Henry:Er…notquite.ButIwasatseaforalongtime.Barber:Allright,then,getinthechairandI’llseewhatIcando.Henry:Thankyou.Barber:Wheredidyousayyouwerefrom?Henry:Ididn’t,butI’mfromSanFrancisco.Barber:Well,you’realongwayfromhome.Henry:Yes,toolong.(Theybothbecomequiet.Afterhishairiscut,thebarbertellsHenryhowmuchhemustpay.Henryshowsthebarberthebanknote.)Barber:(looksshocked)Why,Mr.…Henry:Adams.HenryAdams.I’msorry,Idon’thaveanysmallbills.Barber:Why,Mr.Adams,ofcourseyouwouldn’t!(wearingabigsmile)Nothingtoworryabout!Nothingatall.Pleasecomebackanytime,evenifyouonlyneedtwolittlehairscut!Itwillbemyhonourtoserveyou!Summary:1Canyousummarizetheelementsofaplay?2CanyouretelltheplotinACT2,SCENE1?003语言学习Part1核心词汇★★broadadj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的*Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandswithbackachesandpainfulnecks.人类为其广阔的视野和灵巧的双手付出了背痛和脖子痛的代价。*Butartsgroupsbringbroadervaluetoourcommunities.但艺术团体为我们的社区带来了更广泛的价值。*Ispendmostofmytimereadinginthelibrary,whereIcanopenmyeyesandbroadenmymind.我大部分时间都在图书馆读书,在那里我可以开阔我的视野、拓宽我的思维。【语块积累】(1)broadsmile灿烂的笑容(in)broaddaylight 光天化日(之下)(2)broadly adv.明显地;宽广地;广泛地(3)broaden vt.&vi.(使)扩大;(使)变宽broadenone’shorizons=openone’seyes开阔某人的视野①Thelengthofthisboxistwiceits

____________

(broad).②Wecan

________(broad)ourknowledgebyreadingdifferentarticlesonline.③伯纳德带着灿烂的笑容走过来了。Bernardarrived

________________.(broad)

答案：①breadth②broaden③withabroadsmile★★incase以防;以防万一*Hewantedtomaintainagoodrelationshipwiththeambassadorincaseothersfoundoutjusthowpoorhereallywas.他想和大使保持良好的关系,以防别人发现他有多穷。*Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatientsincasetheyneedmedicalassistance.医生给了病人他的手机号码,以防病人需要医疗援助。*Incaseoffire,runquicklytothenearestdoor.如果发生火灾,就赶快朝最近的门跑。*Inthatcase,itisbothconvenientandeconomicaltobuybooksaccordingtotheratings.在那种情况下,根据评分购买书籍既方便又经济。【语块积累】inanycase无论如何,不管怎样incaseof 万一……,如果发生……innocase 决不(放句首时,主句用部分倒装)asisoftenthecase 这是常有的事inthat/thiscase 既然那样/这样;在那种/这种情况下;如果是那样/这样的话 ★★hesitatevi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑*WhydoestheownerthinkHenryhesitatestopaythebill?为什么店主认为亨利付账犹豫不决?*Ifastudentgetshungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool,Wilsonneverhesitatestobuythemameal.如果一个学生在往返学校的长途车程中感到饿了,威尔逊会毫不犹豫地为他们买饭。*Hepromisedtherewouldbenomorehesitationsinpursuingreforms.他许诺在推进改革这件事上不再迟疑不决。【语块积累】(1)hesitatetodosth.犹豫做某事hesitateabout/over/at... 对……感到犹豫(2)hesitation n.犹豫withouthesitation 毫不犹豫地havenohesitationindoingsth.毫不犹豫地做某事★★intentionn.打算;计划;意图;目的*Hehasannouncedhisintentiontoretire.他已经宣布他打算退休。*IcametoLondonwiththeintentionofstudyingEnglishliterature.我来伦敦是为了学习英国文学。*ButwhenDennisWilliamsreceivedatextthatclearlywasn’tintendedforhim,hedidsomethingspecial.但当丹尼斯·威廉姆斯收到一条显然不是写给他的短信时,他做了一件特别的事。【语块积累】★★mannern.举止;行为方式;方法[pl.]礼貌;礼仪*Theworkshouldhavebeendoneinamoresatisfactorymanner.这项工作本来应该用更令人满意的方式来做。*“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,”hesays.“闲聊是礼貌的基础,”他说。*ThecompositionisinthemannerofGermanfolksongs.这首曲子是以德国民歌的风格谱写成的。*Itisgoodmannerstolookuptotheold.尊敬老人是有礼貌的表现。【语块积累】(1)ina...manner=inthemannerof...以一种……的方式;带着一种……的样子inamanner=insomeway=toacertainextent 在一定程度上inthismanner=inthisway 用这种方式allmannerof各种各样的;形形色色的(人,东西等)(2)manners n.礼貌;礼仪good/badmanners 有/没有礼貌tablemanners 餐桌礼仪★★optionn.可选择的事物*Chineseareenjoyinggreaterconvenienceinmakingtripsabroadandmorevisa-freetraveloptions.中国公民出境旅游更加便利,免签证旅游选择增多。*Wehavenooptionbuttoleavethemeeting.除了放弃这次会议,我们没有别的选择。*Certaincoursesarecompulsory,whileothersareoptional.某些课程是必修的,有些是选修的。【语块积累】(1)havenooptionbuttodo除了做……之外别无选择keep/leaveyouroptionsopen 保留选择余地;暂不决定(2)optional adj.可选择的;随意的★★permitvt.&vi.允许;准许;使有可能permissionn.准许;许可;批准;许可证*P:Won’tyousitdown,please?H:Yes,I’dloveto...withyourpermission.Thankyou,Miss.P:请坐好吗?H:好的,我很乐意……在你许可的情况下。谢谢你,女士。*Withherdad’spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.在她父亲的允许下,她花了接下来两年的时间在网上搜索并进行试验,找到了一份既美味又对牙齿有益的食谱。*Visitorsarenotpermittedtotakephotographs.参观者请勿拍照。*Permitmetoofferyoumysincerecongratulations.谨致衷心祝贺。【语块积累】(1)permitsb.(todo)sth.允许某人(做)某事permitdoingsth. 允许做某事(2)withoutpermission 未经许可withone’spermission 如果……允许的话askforpermission 征求许可;请求允许givepermission 准许【名师点津】与permit一样,后面直接跟动名词或跟不定式复合结构(sb.todo...)的动词还有allow(允许),forbid(禁止),advise((建议),encourage(鼓励)等。★★willingadj.愿意;乐意bewillingtodosth.愿意或乐意做某事*Whywouldtheownerbewillingtowaitforalongtimetogetpaid?为什么店主愿意等很长时间才能拿到钱?*Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.娜奥美,一位出色的钢琴家,是梅利莎最好的朋友,听说了这件事后表示很乐意去帮忙。*Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.如果我们愿意用批判的眼光来评价自己,理解这些原因将控制我们自己的愤怒。【语块积累】unwillingadj.不愿意的willingly adv.欣然地;愿意地,乐意地willingness n.情愿beunwillingtodo 不愿意做某事Part2核心句型★★Itseemsthateverybankerandtailorinthecityiseagertomeetyou.似乎这个城市的每个银行家和裁缝都很想见你。

【句式解构】句中it作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。类似用法的动词和短语还有appear,happen,matter,makeadifference等。*Butitseems(that)peoplehavedifferentopinions.但似乎人们有不同的观点。*Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillattendthemeetingornot.他是否参加会议没有关系。*ItdoesnotmatterifImissedmytrain.我误了火车没关系。【名师点津】Itseemedthatsb....=sb.seemedtodo/havedoneItseemedthatwegotlost,unabletogobacktothemountainroad.=Weseemedtogetlost,unabletogobacktothemountainroad.我们似乎迷路了,无法回到山路上。★★Weshouldtreateveryonewemeetforthefirsttimenicely,nomatterhowtheylook.我们应该友好地对待第一次见面的人,不管他们看起来怎么样。【句式解构】(1)nomatterhow引导让步状语从句,意为“无论怎样”。(2)引导让步状语从句时,疑问词+ever可以和nomatter+疑问词互换。但引导名词性从句时,只能用疑问词+ever。*Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvariousactivitiesonEarthDay.无论你喜欢做什么,总有一个方法可以参与地球日的各种活动。*Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus.我们知道,无论我们如何努力取悦,有些人永远不会爱我们。004随堂小练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，_________________（make）useofannualfloodstoirrigate（灌溉）theirfields.2.Theemployeesofoutstandingairlineswillact_________________apolite，friendlymanner.3.Onceyouhavemadeadecision，youhadbetternot_________________（change）yourmind.4.Idon’tlikeracingagainsttime；Iwouldrather_________________（do）myworkcarefullyandwell.5._________________thatcase，youneedawaytoreadinthedatafilescorrectly.6.Iremember_________________（meet）herataparty，butIforgethername.7.Ifyou’renotwilling_________________（help）me，I’llfindsomebodywhowill.8.He’sdecidedtogetalookatthehouseandseeifitmightbeworth_________________（buy）.答案：1.making句意：他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。makeuseof和逻辑主语they之间为主动关系。所以此处用现在分词作状语；且plant与make是并列的动作，且planting已经给出提示，所以抓住主干是解答本题的关键点。2.in句意：杰出的航空公司的员工的举止是有礼貌及友善的。ina...manner以一种……的方式。3.change句意：你一旦下了决心，最好不要改变你的想法。hadbetterdo最好做……4.do句意：我愿意仔细干工作并把它干好，我不愿匆忙行事。wouldratherdo宁愿做……5.In句意：既然那样，您需要使用一种方法来正确读取数据文件。inthatcase既然那样。6.meeting句意：我记得在一次聚会上见过她，但忘记了她的名字。rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事。7.tohelp句意：如果你不愿意帮我，我会去找别人。bewillingtodosth.乐意做某事。8.buying句意：他决定去看看那座房子，看是否值得买。beworthdoing值得做……Ⅱ.练通句型●一句多译1.无论任务有多难，我们必须按时完成。①_______________________________________________________，wemustfinishitontime.（however引导的句子）②_____________________________________________________________________________，wemustfinishitontime.（nomatterhow引导的句子）2.那个人除了一张百万英镑的钞票外一无所有。①Theman____________________________________________million-poundnote.（nothingbut）②Theman_________________________________million-poundnote.（only）3.你能告诉我我们在什么地方开会吗？①Canyoutellme__________________________________________________________________?（where引导的宾语从句）②Canyoutellme_______________________________________________________?（“疑问词+todo”结构）●句式升级4.Theworkersinthiscompanygettheirpayattheendofthemonth.→___________________________________________________________________________（get+过去分词）5.Theoldmanopenedhismouthasifhewasgoingtosaysomething.→______________________________________________________________________________（asif省略句）答案：1.①Howeverdifficultthetaskis②Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskishoweverdifficult=nomatterhowdifficult，引导让步状语从句。2.①hadnothingbuta②hadonlyanothingbut=only，只有。3.①wherewewillhavethemeeting②wheretohavethemeeting“疑问词+todo”结构在句中作宾语。4.Theworkersinthiscompanygetpaidattheendofthemonth.getpaid得到报酬，paid是过去分词作表语。5.Theoldmanopenedhismouthasiftosaysomething.asif引导省略句。Ⅲ.课文语法填空

______thebanknoteinhishandandhis______(wear)coaton,Henryentereda__________(tailor)shop.Findinghimpoorly________(dress),theclerksintheshopalltreatedhimina______manner.Theynotonlyshowedhimthecheapsuitwhichdidn’tquite___________forHenry,butalsoironicallysaidthatonlypeoplelikeHenrycarriedlargenotes_________Henryexplainedthathewouldliketopayinamonthashedidn’thaveanysmall___________.

______(face)withsuchan_________________(embarrass)situation,Henryhandedoutthenote_______waitedpatientlyforthechange.Nowcametheclerks’turntobeembarrassed.Theyimmediatelychangedtheirattitude_______broadsmilesontheirfaces.Theyofferedhimawide_________ofoptionsandevenpromisedtod________thestuffshome.__________anirony!Keys:

with;worn;tailor's;dressed;

rude;

do/work;when;change;Faced;embarrassing;and;with;range;

deliver;What005培优提升Everyfast-foodemployeeknowsthatthedrive-throughwindowistheworstposition.Itwasafreezingafternoon.Drivers1tostandoutsideinthecoldandscreamtheirordersintoaspeakerbox.Insuchcases,mostcustomerstendtotakeouttheir2ontheemployees.Thiswomanwasa(n)3.“I`llgetthenextcar’sorderaswell,”shesaidasshecameuptothewindowtopay.She4outside,gatheringsnowflakesonherhairandeyelashes.“Youcan’ttaketheirdrinks,”Isaid,confusedandtired.Theladylaughed,hercheeksturningredwith5.“No,butI’llbuythem,”shesaid.“6itforwardandallthat.”Completelyshocked,I7herasrequested,andwhenthenextcustomerarrivedatthewindowI8whathadjusthappened.Hisfacialexpressionchangedlikeachainofphotographsonaslideshow—first9tobeoutinthecold,thensurprisedattherandomactof10andfinally,delightedbyhisluck.“IsupposeI’llpayforthenextorderthen,”hereplied,noddingandwavingatthe11driverbehindhim.Hehandedoverthecashandreceivedhispre-paid12.Thetrend13throughouttheentirerushhour.Customersstoodatmywindowemptyingahandfulofchangetobuycoffeeforacomplete14.Actually,itonlytakesonecustomer,oneperson,tochangetheentireflowoftraffic.Itonlytakesonemoment,onesmile,to15eventhecoldestdays.1．A．hate B．refuse C．hesitate D．attempt2．A．worry B．annoyance C．fear D．stress3．A．exception B．witness C．employer D．victim4．A．nodded B．stopped C．stood D．screamed5．A．hunger B．pain C．tiredness D．cold6．A．Take B．Pay C．Put D．Look7．A．charged B．aided C．permitted D．assessed8．A．presented B．recalled C．explained D．claimed9．A．confused B．excited C．discouraged D．disturbed10．A．honesty B．kindness C．bravery D．integrity11．A．impatient B．ashamed C．polite D．incredible12．A．sandwich B．drink C．fries D．recipe13．A．disappeared B．ceased C．continued D．varied14．A．rider B．individual C．passenger D．stranger15．A．warmup B．holdon C．putaside D．kickoff【答案】1．A2．B3．A4．C5．D6．B7．A8．C9．D10．B11．A12．B13．C14．D15．A【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者是一家快餐店的工作人员，亲眼见证了一位女士在寒冷的冬日为后面排队点餐的客人买好饮品，从而激励后面排队的客人逐一将温暖的善举传递下去的故事。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机们讨厌站在寒冷的外面，对着扬声器大声喊着他们的订单。A.hate讨厌；B.refuse拒绝；C.hesitate犹豫；D.attempt尝试。根据空前“Itwasafreezingafternoon.”及空后“tostandoutsideinthecoldandscreamtheirordersintoaspeakerbox.”可知此处指的是天气寒冷，司机们想要买食物，所以他们很讨厌站在寒冷的天气里。故选A项。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，大多数顾客倾向于把他们的烦恼发泄在员工身上。A.worry担心；B.annoyance烦恼；气恼；C.fear恐惧；D.stress压力。根据空前“Drivers____1____tostandoutsideinthecoldandscreamtheirordersintoaspeakerbox.Insuchcases,mostcustomerstendtotakeouttheir”可知此处指的是因为天气寒冷顾客们会把自己的气恼情绪发泄在员工身上。故选B项。3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个女人是一个例外。A.exception例外；B.witness目击者；证人；C.employer雇主；D.victim受害者。根据下文“I’llgetthenextcar’sorderaswell”和下文女人的善举可知，女人和上文说的顾客都不一样，由此可见这位女士是一个例外。故选A项。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她站在外面，头发和睫毛上积满了雪花。A.nodded点头；B.stopped停止；C.stood站；D.screamed尖叫。根据上文“standoutsideinthecold”和“gatheringsnowflakesonherhairandeyelashes”可知，这个女人也站在外面等餐。故选C项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那位女士笑了，她的脸颊冻得通红。A.hunger饥饿；B.pain疼痛；C.tiredness劳累；D.cold寒冷；感冒。根据“hercheeksturningred”及上文“Itwasafreezingafternoon.”可知，女人因为寒冷，双颊被冻红了。故选D项。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：提前付钱，就是那样而已。A.Take带；B.Pay支付；C.Put放；D.Look看。根据“butI’llbuythem”可知，女人想要为他人买单。且下文“pre-paid”也是提示。故选B项。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我完全震惊了，我按她的要求收了钱，当下一位顾客来到窗口时，我向他解释了刚才发生的事情。A.charged收费；B.aided援助；C.permitted允许；D.assessed评估。根据上文““No,butI’llbuythem,”shesaid.“____6____itforwardandallthat.”及空后“herasrequested”可知，作者是快餐店的人员，按要求收费也是工作之一。故选A项。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我完全震惊了，我按她的要求收了钱，当下一位顾客来到窗口时，我向他解释了刚才发生的事情。A.presented颁发；提交；B.recalled回忆；C.explained解释；D.claimed声称；宣称。根据空前“whenthenextcustomerarrivedatthewindow”及空后“whathadjusthappened.Hisfacialexpressionchangedlikeachainofphotographsonaslideshow”可知，当下一位顾客到来时，作者向对方解释了刚刚发生的事情。故选C项。9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的面部表情就像幻灯片上的一串照片一样变化着，先是对外面的寒冷感到心烦意乱，然后对偶然的善意行为感到惊讶，最后又为自己的运气感到高兴。A.confused困惑的；B.excited激动的；C.discouraged泄气的；D.disturbed心烦意乱的。根据前文“Drivers____1____tostandoutsideinthecoldandscreamtheirordersintoaspeakerbox.”以及空后“tobeoutinthecold”可知此处指的是下一位顾客刚开始因为在寒冷里心烦意乱。故选D项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的面部表情就像幻灯片上的一串照片一样变化着，先是对外面的寒冷感到心烦意乱，然后对偶然的善意行为感到惊讶，最后又为自己的运气感到高兴。A.honesty诚实；B.kindness善良；C.bravery勇敢；D.integrity诚实；正直。根据上文““No,butI’llbuythem,”shesaid.“6itforwardandallthat.””可知，这位顾客接下来听到了女人的善举感到惊讶。故选B项。11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“那我想我来付下一单的钱吧，”他回答道，一边点头，一边向身后不耐烦的司机挥手。A.impatint不耐烦的；B.ashamed感到羞愧的；C.polite礼貌的；D.incredible不可思议的。根据前文“Hisfacialexpressionchangedlikeachainofphotographsonaslideshow—first____9____tobeoutinthecold,”以及空后“driverbehindhim”可知此处指的是下一位司机因为天冷、等待时间长有些不耐烦了。故选A项。12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他递上现金，收到了一杯预付费的饮料。A.sandwich三明治；B.drink饮品；C.fries薯条；D.recipe食谱。根据上文“Youcan’ttaketheirdrinks””及空前“receivedhispre-paid”可知，这位顾客拿到了前一位顾客为其支付的饮品。故选B项。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一趋势持续了整个高峰时段。A.disappeared消失；B.ceased停止；C.continued继续；D.varied变化。根据下文“Customersstoodatmywindowemptyingahandfulofchangetobuycoffeeforacomplete____14___”可知，为下一位顾客买饮品这件事持续了整个高峰时段。故选C项。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：顾客们站在我的窗口，拿出一把零钱为一个完全陌生的人买咖啡。A.rider骑手；B.indivdual个人；C.passenger乘客；D.stranger陌生人。根据上文叙述的故事可知，此处表示一个人为另外一个完全的陌生人买咖啡，为的是把善意传递下去。故选D项。15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：只需要一瞬间，一个微笑，就能让最冷的日子温暖起来。A.warmup温暖；热身；B.holdon坚持；等一下；C.putaside放在一边；搁置；D.kickoff开始；发起。根据“eventhecoldestdays”可知此处指的是这种善意能让最寒冷的日子温暖起来。故选A项。二、阅读理解Passage1You’veprobablyheardthephrase,“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”ComedyonReferralhastakenthatideaandrunwithit,usingstand-upcomedytohelptreatpeoplestrugglingwithtrauma(精神创伤)andanxietyinpartnershipwiththeNationalHealthService(NHS).TheideacamefromcomedianAngieBelcher’sexperiencesteachingcomedyattheUniversityofBristol.Shefoundthatstudentsoftentoldherhowmuchstrongerandmoreresilient(有适应力的)theywerethankstostand-upcomedy.Inspired,sheteamedupwiththeNHSinBristoltocreateasix-weekcomedycourseforpatientsstrugglingwithtraumainJanuary2022.Followingthesuccessofthisinitialcourse,ComedyonReferralwonNHSfundingtohelpmenwithtraumainLondon.Belchersaid,“Pasttraumasareperfectforcomedy.Comedydoesn’tcomefromthehappy,perfectmomentsofyourlife,butfromoureverydaystrugglesandmajorlifeevents.Peoplewho’vebeenthroughbiglifeexperiencessuchaslosingalovedoneandillhealthoftencan’twaittotellmetheirstories,mostlybecausethere’salwayssomethingespeciallyfunnyaboutthesituation.”Researchhasshownthatlaughterhaspositivepsychologicaleffects,suchasdecreasinglevelsofcortisol(thestresshormone)andincreasingendorphins(thehormonethatreducesthefeelingofpain).Itcanevenhavephysiologicalbenefits,althoughlessresearchhasbeendoneinthisarea.Currentresearchhaslinkedlaughterandhumourwithincreasedlevelsofpaintoleranceaswellasshort-termcardiovascular(心血管的)benefits.MoreresearchisneededtoprovethesefindingsNonetheless,thementalhealthbenefitsofregularlaughterarewidelyaccepted,andusingcomedytotreatmentalhealthstrugglescouldbearealbreakthroughinthetreatmentofmentalhealth.1．Whyisthephrasementionedinparagraph1?A．Toexplaintheharmtraumacauses. B．Tostresstheimportanceoflaughter.C．Toshowtheeffectofstand-upcomedy. D．TostatetheideabehindComedyon