2024年人教版高一英语同步讲义（必修第三册）Unit 1 Festivals and Celebration：Period 1 Reading and Thinking（学案）

Book3Unit1FestivalsandCelebrationPeriod1ReadingandThinking001预习导学Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵)一、基础词汇记其形1.___________

vi.&n”.行进；前进；示威游行

2.___________vt向（某人）道贺；（因某事）为自己感到自豪3.___________

n.一系列；范围界限

vi.包括；（在一定范围内）变化4.___________

n.起源；起因；出身

5.___________

n.宗教；宗教信仰6.___________n.人物；数字；身材

vt.认为；认定7.___________

n.魅力；迷人的待征；咒语

8.___________

adj.高兴的；快乐的

9.___________

n.惑激之情；感谢

10.___________

n.收获季节；vi.&vt.收割（庄稼）；捕猎｛动物、鱼）

11.___________

vt.装饰；装潢

12.___________

adj.有重大意义的；显著的

13.___________vt.&vi.逐渐消失；

（使）褪色；（身体）变得虚弱14.___________

adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的

15.___________

n.鞭炮；爆竹

16.___________

adj.邪恶的；

n.邪恶：罪恶；罪行17.___________

adj.商业（化）的：以获利为目的的18.__________

n.<

pl.

m___________

）媒介;手段；方法

19.___________adj.农业(劳动/生产)20.___________n.庄嫁;作物;一季的收成21.___________vi.聚集;集合vt.聚集;搜集;收割22.___________adj.感激的:表示惑谢的23.___________.....为特色n.特色;特征;特点24.___________

vt.显示；反映；反射

25.___________

n.倍仰；信心；信任

26.___________

n.宗教信仰；信任；相信

27.___________n

特别的事情（或仪武、庆典）；（适当的）机会

二、核心词汇记中变1．____________n.起源:起因;出身_____________adj.原来的，起初的:最早的2.________________n.高兴:喜悦:令人高兴的人(或事)______________adj.高兴的:愉快的___________________adv高兴地____________________n.高兴3.________________n.农业:农学,农艺____________________adj农学的:农艺的4._________________adj.感激的;表示感谢的临___________________adv.感激地_______________n.感激之情_______________adj.

感谢;感激;欣慰(同义词)decoratev.装饰，装修→decorationn.装饰→decorationsn.装饰品→decoratorn.室内装潢师；6.________________n.类型;种类_______________adj有代表性的;典型的，平常的7.________________n.

贸易:商业:商务_____________adj.贸易的;商业的:赢利的________________vt.

商业化;使商业化._______________n.商业化8.________________n.特别的事情，（适当的）机会→________________adj.临时的，偶尔的→________________adv.偶尔，有时候；9._____________n.媒介，手段，方法；adj.中等的，中号的→__________n.媒介，手段（复数）；10.__________n.宗教信仰，信任，相信→__________adj.忠诚的，如实的→__________adj.不忠诚的，无信仰的；11.__________v.祝贺，为……感到高兴→__________n.(常用复数形式)祝贺，恭喜；12.__________n.宗教，宗教信仰→__________adj.宗教的；13.__________n.魅力，迷人的特征→__________adj.迷人的，有魅力的；14.__________adj.有重大意义的，显著的→__________n.意义，意思，重要性；15.__________v.显示，反映，反射，思考→__________n.显示，反射，思考；16.__________n.信仰，信任→__________vt.相信，认为；三、阅读词汇识其义1.lantern

n._______________2.carnival

n.____________3.commercialisation（NAmE.also-ization）

n.____________4.turkey

n.____________Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1.广泛的，大量的___________awiderangeof2.全世界___________allaround/overtheworld3.著名人物___________famousfigures4.发生___________takeplace5.收集，收割___________gatherin6.感激...___________begratefulfor…7.用...装饰...___________decorate...with8.赏月___________admirethemoon9.起重要作用___________playasignificantrolein10.随时间流逝___________overtime11.随着...的发展___________withthedevelopmentof12.逐渐消失___________fadeaway13.燃放爆竹___________lightfirecrackers14.驱赶，驱逐___________driveaway15.尽管___________inspiteof16.利用___________takeadvantageof17.对...的态度___________anattitudetowards18.有很多共同之处___________havealotincommonⅢ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译)Theyareoccasionsthatallowustorelaxandenjoylife,andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。[赏析][翻译](教材P5)Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial，withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations.[赏析][翻译](教材P5)Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.[赏析][翻译]002语篇理解Step1Pre­readingWarmingup：Ⅰ.Whatfestivalsdoyouknow?inChinainEuropeancountriesⅡ.MakeamindmapofthingsthatyouoftendoduringtheSpringFestival.Ⅲ.Whydowecelebratethesefestivals?Step2While­readingTask1:FastreadingⅠ.Readthetextandfindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.Tip:Thetopicsentenceisoftenthefirstsentence,butsometimesitisfoundelsewhere.Identifyingthemainideasofparagraphsisnecessarywhenanalysingatext.Mostparagraphswillhavea“topicsentence”thattellsyoutheparagraph’smainidea.Itisoftenthefirstsentence,butsometimesitisfoundelsewhereintheparagraph.Task2:IntensivereadingⅠ.Multiplechoice()1.Whichofthefollowingisthecommonspiritofallfestivals?A.EnjoyinglifeB.ShowingrespectC.Honoringancestors D.Sharinghappiness()2.WhendidaharvestFestivaltakeplaceinancientEgypt?Inspring.B.Insummer.C.Inautumn.D.Inwinter.()3.WhatchangescanweexperienceduringtheSpringFestival?A.Noonebelievestheyexist,evilspirits.B.Peoplepaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment.C.Manycelebrationactivitiesareheldabroad.D.Peoplehaveignoredthetraditionalcustoms.()4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecommercializedfestivals?A.Supportive. B.Neutral.C.Opposed.D.Unconcerned.()5.Whatwillyoufindifyoustudyfestivalscarefully?A.Festivalsareanimportantpartofsociety.B.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial.C.Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals.D.Differentcultureshavemuchincommon.Ⅱ.Answerthequestions.1.Readthefirstparagraphandanswerthequestions.Whatdomostfestivalsseemtohaveincommon?Whydoyouthinkpeoplearoundtheworldfindthesethingsimportant?2.ReadthesecondparagraphanddescribetheharvestfestivalsaroundtheworldWhen:_______________________________________________________________Why:_______________________________________________________________How:_______________________________________________________________ReadtheParagraph3,thencompletethechart.beforeafterChineseSpringFestivalHalloweenReadthefourthparagraphandanswerthequestion.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsthecommercialisationoffestivals?PositiveorNegative?_______________________________________________________________Step3Post­readingWhenfestivalscome,somemerchantswilllaunchpreferentialactivities,thussomanypeoplegotobuygoodsthattheydon’tneed.Howdoyouviewthisphenomenon?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________…Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearecrazyaboutwesternfestivals.WhatdoyouthinkoftheincreasingnumberofChineseteenagerscelebratingWesternfestivals?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________003语言学习Part1核心词汇1.receivecongratulationsfrom...(P2)收到来自……的祝贺congratulation/kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃən/n.祝贺；恭喜【常用搭配】receivecongratulationsfrom..收到来自……的祝贺aletterofcongratulation贺信Congratulations!恭喜恭喜!(常用作祝贺语)Congratulations(tosb.)onsth.!祝贺(某人)某事!congratulatesb.onsth因某事向某人道贺congratulateoneselfon(doing)sth.因某事为自己感到高兴/自豪【即学即练】1.Congratulations________yourperfectperformance!2.Friendssendtheir____________(congratulation)toTombecausehehasbeenadmittedintoPekingUniversality.3.Icongratulatemyself________gettingfirstplaceinthewritingcontest.4.我想对你的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。Iwantto____________________________________yoursuccess.5.我们向获胜者祝贺。We______________________________tothewinners.6.祝贺你在学习汉语方面取得大的进步。____________________________________inlearningChinese.2.rangen．种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列【常用搭配】afull/widerangeof各种各样的……；范围广泛的；一套；一系列in/withinrange(of...)在(……)可及的范围内beyond/outofrange(of...)超出(……的)范围rangefromAtoB在A到B范围内变动rangebetweenAandB在A和B范围之间变动awide/fullrangeof各种各样的；广泛的【即学即练】1.Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,_____(range)fromcheftoswimminginstructor.2.Thepriceofthecarranges_________20,000dollars______30,000dollars,whichisout_______hisrange.3.Itcame______therangeofmyvision.4.Shehas___________________(广泛的)interests.5.Hiringandfiringareboth_________________(在-------范围内)hisresponsibilities.6.Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs，_____________________(从清洁工到公交司机).originn.起源；起因；出身haveone’sorigin（s）in起源于inorigin本质上，从起源上看byorigin依原始位置；由于……的起源originaladj.最初的；独创的originallyadv.最初地；起源地I’mlookingforsomeoriginalmusicalittlemoreoutoftheordinary.我正在寻找一些稍微不同寻常的原创音乐。【即学即练】1.He’swritingadictionarythatexplainsthe_______(origin)ofwords.2.Our________(origin)planwastogocamping,butitwaspouringwithrain.3.__________(origin),wehadplannedatourofChengdubutwedidn’tgointheend.4.figuren.人物;数字;身材vt.认为;认定【常用搭配】figureout理解;弄明白;计算出keepone’sfigure保持身材haveagoodfigure身材好apoliticalfigure一位政治人物【即学即练】1.Whatyoureallyneedtodoistofigure________thereasonwhyyoufailintheexam.2.只有通过均衡饮食，规律锻炼，你才能既保持体形又健康。Onlybymeansofbalanceddietsandregularexercise__________________aswellasstayhealthy.gratefuladj．感激的；表示谢意的【常用搭配】begratefultosbforsth因某事而感激某人begratefultodosth因做某事而感激Iwouldbegratefulifyoucoulddo...如果你能……，我将感激不尽。begratefulthat...感激……gratefullyadv感谢地gratituden.感激之情;感激【即学即练】1.Iamgratefultoyou________decoratingourclassroomforthegraduationceremony.2.Iamwritingtoconveymyheartfelt________(grateful)forwhatyouhavedoneforme.3.如果您能接受我们的邀请，并在节目中给我们宝贵的建议，我们将不胜感激。①_________________youcouldacceptourinvitationandgiveusinvaluableadviceintheshow.②_________________youcouldacceptourinvitationandgiveusinvaluableadviceintheshow.6.featurev.以……为特色n.特色；特征；特点【常用搭配】main/important/significant/distinguishingfeature主要的/重要的/显著的/明显的特点【即学即练】1.Oneofthe______________________(明显的特征)ofthisexhibitionistheapplicationofartificialintelligence,whichhasattractedmanyvisitors.2.Thisexhibition__________(以……为特征)theapplicationofartificialintelligence,whichhasattractedmanyvisitors.7.decoratev.装饰;装潢【常用搭配】decorate...with以……装饰……decoratesbfor因为……而授某人勋章decorateAwithB用B装饰Abedecoratedwith(被)装饰着decorationn.装饰;装饰风格;装饰品decorativeadj.(物体或建筑)装饰性的;作装饰用的【即学即练】1.Youneedtodecorateyourmind_______virtue.2.Withitssimple__________(decorate)，themainbedroombecomesapeacefulplace.3.__________(decorate)withmanybells,theChristmastreelookednice.4.他们用花和气球装饰了房间。They____________________flowersandballoons5.客厅需要粉刷。The

sitting

room____________________.8.【词汇拓展】__________n.[C]特别的事情;[C]某次，……的时候→__________adj偶尔的,临时的→__________adv.偶尔,有时候【知识拓展】(1)当occasion表示“机会，时间”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用when；(2)当occasion表示“场合”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用where。(3)如果occasion在定语从句中做主语和宾语，则用关系代词that/which.【常用搭配】onoccasion(s)(=sometimes)有时;偶尔ononeoccasion(=once)有一次onthis/thatoccasion这/那一次ontheoccasionof...在……的时候【即学即练】1.I'vehad________mildheadachesallmylife.2.Hestillmisbehaves________.3.I

can

remember

very

few

occasions

____

he

had

to

cancel

because

of

ill

health.

4.Tell

me

of

an

occasion

______

you

had

to

demonstrate

business

leadership.5.______________(occasion)Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn'tenjoythistypeofreading.9.【词汇拓展】____________v.象征;代表;相当于→____________n.代表;代表团;代理→___________adj.代表性的n.代表;代理人【常用搭配】representsb.as/tobe...宣称某人是……representsth.tosb.向某人说明(传达)某事representsb./onbehalfofsb.代表某人【即学即练】1.Heisa____________(represent)ofstudents.2.Sherepresentshermother_____________thekindestmotherintheworld.3.___________(represent)ourschool,I'mdelightedtoinviteyoutoattendaChineseclassicalmusicconcert.4.__________________(代表我们学校)，I'mgladtotellyousomethingaboutthecomingvolleyballgame.10.make-up(n.)化妆品；性格；构成方式【词汇拓展】makeup构成，形成；编造（故事、谎言等）；补上（失去的东西），作出补偿afterall毕竟；别忘了Ittookheralongtimetodoherhairandmake-up,andtogetdressed.她花了很长时间做头发、化妆和穿衣。putonyourmake-up/wearmake-up上妆/化妆makeup/makeoneself/sbup化妆；上妆aperson’sgeneticmake-up一个人的遗传性格themake-upofaTVaudience电视观众的构成aheavilymade-upface浓妆的脸amade-upstory虚构的故事(made-upadj.化妆的；编造的)IthinktheRioCarnivalwouldbethemostexciting.Afterall,asyouknow,Ilovetodance.我认为里约热内卢狂欢节是最激动人心的。毕竟，你知道，我热爱跳舞。(毕竟；终归)Prisonersshouldbetreatedwithrespect----theyarehumanbeingsafterall.罪犯们应受到尊重----别忘了他们是人。(（解释或说明理由）别忘了，到底)11.Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.(P4)风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。significant/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/adj.有重大意义的；显著的【常用搭配】significancen.[U,C]重要性，意义 significantlyadv.显著地，明显地beofgreat/muchsignificance重要的，有重大意义的beofno/littlesignificance无关紧要的 havegreat/nosignificance(for...)（对……）很重要/不重要attach(great)significanceto...（非常）重视……Theproposalstheyputforwardatthemeetingwereoflittlesignificance.他们在会上提出的建议无关紧要。Thenewdrughasgreatsignificanceforthetreatmentofthedisease.这种新药对于这种疾病的治疗有重大意义。TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreatsignificancetotheissueofclimatechange.中国政府非常重视气候变化问题。12.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations.(P5)节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。【知识拓展】takeadvantageof利用；欺骗；占……的便宜disadvantagen.[U，C]不利因素，障碍，不便之处havetheadvantageof...具有……的有利条件takefulladvantageof充分利用【例句】I’mgoingtotakeadvantageofthistourtoexplorethehistoryofthecastle.我将利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。Davidtookadvantageofmytrust,takingmorethanIhadintendedtogive.大卫利用了我的信任，拿走的比我想要给的还多。13.Itwasgreatfunwalkingalongthestreets,enjoyingtherelaxingatmosphere!(P6)走在街上，享受轻松的氛围，真是太有趣了！atmosphere/ˈætməsfɪə(r)/n.气氛；氛围；（地球的）大气（层）【例句】Palewoodenfloorsandplentyofnaturallightaddtotherelaxedatmosphere.淡色木地板和充足的自然光增添了轻松的氛围。【知识拓展】当atmosphere表示抽象地点并作先行词时，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where来引导。类似的词还有stage，situation，point等。Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployeesenjoytheirwork.这家公司的老板尽力创造一种轻松的氛围，在这种氛围中他的员工能享受他们的工作。14.But,tobefrank,thefireworksgoingoffthroughoutthenightwerereallyannoying.(P7)但是，说实话，整晚燃放的烟花声真的令人烦躁。gooff爆炸；走火；离开【例句】Thisrobotisdesignedtotakeapartbombsthatmaygooff.设计这种机器人就是用来拆除那些可能爆炸的炸弹的。Myparentsbothretiredandwentofftoleadaneasylifeinthecountryside.我父母都退休了，去乡下过着安逸的生活。【知识拓展】（1）gooff（铃、警报等）响起；（电灯）熄灭；（电）中断；停止运行；（食物、饮料）变质【即学即练】给出句子中gooff的意义。Ioversleptthismorningbecausemyclockdidn’tgooff.____________今天早晨闹钟没有响，所以我睡过头了。（2）WhileIwascookingsupper,theelectricitysuddenlywentoff.____________我正在做晚饭，突然间停电了。（3）You’dbetterputthefishinthefridge,oritsoongoesoffinthishotweather.____________你最好把鱼放在冰箱里，否则天气这么热，它很快就会变质。15.inspiteof不管；尽管inspiteof为短语介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词等，不能跟that从句。Inspiteofallhiseffortshefailed.尽管他很努力还是失败了。【难点解析】☺inspiteof，regardlessof，despite是（短语）介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，不能引导从句。☺引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”的连词有although，though，as（引导倒装句）。Wewentoutinspiteoftheheavyrain.→Wewentoutinspiteof/despitethefactthatitwasrainingheavily.→Although/Thoughitwasrainingheavily，wewentout.尽管下着大雨，我们还是出去了。【即学即练】同义句转换Inspiteoftheheavyrain，wewentshoppingyesterday.①→________________________________,wewentshoppingyesterday.（介词短语）②→_______________________________,wewentshoppingyesterday.（状语从句）16.takeadvantageof利用；欺骗；占……的便宜haveanadvantageover比……有优势◆Iwouldliketotakeadvantageofthischancetoexpressmythanksforyourhelp.我想借这个机会，对你们的帮助表示感谢。◆AmanwhocanspeakEnglishfluentlyhasanadvantageoverothers.英语说得流利的人比其他人有优势。【拓展延伸】makeuseof利用；使用makegood/full/littleuseof好好/充分/不充分利用makethebestof充分利用makethemostof充分利用【即学即练】=1\*GB3①WeshouldtakeadvantageeverychancetopractiseourspokenEnglish.②Themembersofourteamaremoreexperiencedandwehaveanadvantagetheirteam.17.reflectv.显示；反映；反射；认真思考；沉思reflecton/upon思考；反思reflectback反射；把……如实地反映出reflectfrom从……反射出reflectin在……中反射出来；在……中反映出来reflectdeeply/seriously深思/认真思考Inclass,youwillmainlylearnTangpoetry,whichreflectstraditionalChineseculture.在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，它反映了中国传统文化。I’msittinginthesmallyard,reflectingontheplan.我坐在小院子里，思考着这个计划。【拓展延伸】reflectionn.映像；反射；反映；沉思【即学即练】①Weshouldreflectthelikelyreactionsofthemarketbeforeweact.②Usuallyachild’sbehaviourisa（reflect）ofhisfamilyenvironment.beliefn.信仰；信心；信任One’sbeliefisthat...某人相信/认为…… Itisone’sbeliefthat...某人相信/认为……inthebeliefthat...相信…… havebeliefin相信……，信任……beyondbelief令人难以置信 contrarytopopularbelief与普遍的看法相反I’malwaysinthebeliefthathewillsucceed.我始终相信他会成功。Itwasbeyondbeliefthatthelittleboycouldworkoutsuchaproblem.这个小男孩能够算出那样一道题令人难以置信。【词汇辨析】同根词搭配的介词大多数情况下相同。believeinsb.=havebeliefinsb.信任某人bedifferentfrom=differfrom与……不同【即学即练】①Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotal.（believe）thatyouarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.②Itismybeliefwecanrelyonourselvestosolvetheproblem.Part2核心句型1.However,nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem,allovertheworld,thespiritofsharingjoy,gratitude,love,orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.【句式剖析】句中的nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem是nomatterhow...的让步状语从句。nomatter引导让步状语从句常和who,when,where,how,what连用。Nomatterwhatyoumaysay,hewillnotbelieveyou.不管你说什么,他都不会相信你。Youmustcontinuetocarryouttheplannomatterhowmuchyoumaydisagreewiththem.无论你和他们之间有多大的分歧,你都得继续执行这个计划。Nomatterwherehisbusinesstookhim,healwaysmanagedtogohomeforthefestival.不管因生意关系去了什么地方,他总要赶回家过节。【句式拓展】nomatterwhen/where/how引导让步状语从句时,相当于whenever,wherever,however,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。Howeverfarawayweare,wefeelclosetoeachother.→Nomatterhowfarawayweare,wefeelclosetoeachother.无论距离有多远,我们都会感觉彼此很亲近。【温馨提示】whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。Itisnotrighttogiveachildwhateverhewants.孩子要什么就给他什么是错误的。【即学即练】完成句子(1)无论你在什么地方,我都能用我的心灵触摸到你____________________________________________________Icanfeelyouwithmyheart.(2)不管任务如何艰巨,我们必须按时完成。____________________________________________________thetaskmaybe,wemustcompleteitontime句式转换IensureI'llhelpyouwheneveryouhavedifficulties.IensureI'llhelpyou________________________________youhavedifficulties.2.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations.节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。【句型】“withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations”这是with的复合结构。Withtheincreasingofpopulations,thedemandforwatergrowsaccordingly.随着人口的增长,用水量也相应增加。Hediedwithhisdaughteryetaschoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。Heoftensleepswiththewindowsopen.他常开着窗睡觉。Hestoodbeforehisteacherwithhisheaddown.他低着头站在老师面前。Shesaidgood-byewithtearsinhereyes.她含着眼泪说了声再见。Hesattherewithhiseyesclosed.他闭目坐在那儿。Hefellasleepwiththelampburning.他没熄灯就睡着了。Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash．要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。总结“withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations”这是with的复合结构，其构成是“______________________”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。其中可以做宾语补足语的有____________、_______________、_______________、________________、_____________________________、_______________。【即学即练】(1)随着科学的发展，人类的生活发生了巨大的变化___________________________________________science,humanlifehaschangedtremendously(2)随着她的长大,她开始意识到她要做什么。___________________________________________,shebegantoknowwhatshewasgoingtobe.(3)Iwon’tbeabletogoonholiday________________________.因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。(4)______________________________,wearesuretofinishitintime.有这么多人来帮我们，我们一定会及时完成任务的。3.Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.购物网站和社交软件使公众更容易花更多的钱为他们爱的人买礼物。【句式剖析】句中的madeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmore...是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,其中it是形式宾语,forthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones是不定式的复合结构作真正的宾语,mucheasier是宾语补足语。TheInternethasmadeitquickertolookforallkindsofinformation.因特网使得查找各类信息更加快捷。【句式拓展】在该结构中,it除了代替动词不定式外,还可以代替that引导的宾语从句,宾语补足语除了形容词外,还可以是名词。Theglasswindowsmakeitpossiblethatthesunlightcaneasilybefelt.玻璃窗使人们能够很容易地感受到阳光。Wemakeitarulethateveryoneshouldchangeshoesbeforeenteringtheroom.我们规定,在进入房间之前,每个人都应该更换鞋子。【即学即练】完成句子。(1)Thismakes_________necessaryforthefarmerstogrowcornindryareas.(2)Theteachermakesitclear_________everyoneshouldhandinhishomeworkontime.(3)Thedeepsnowandbitterfrostmadeitimpossibleforhishorse_________(carry)himanyfarther.答案(1)it(2)that(3)tocarry004随堂小练Part1动词的形式变化和词形转换1．Isincerelyexpressmy(congratulate)onyourgraduatingfromTsinghuaUniversity.2．Afterwashing,wewanderedaroundoutsidethetentsdryinginthesunandgetting(dress).3．Parentsshouldinvolvetheirchildreninfamilydecisions,suchashome(decorate)andholidayarrangements.4．Nowadays,scienceandtechnologyplayanimportantroleintheimprovementof(agriculture)production.5．How(joy)andrelaxingitistotakeabathafterabusyday!6．Eveninthe(commerce)heartofitslargestcity,religionremainscentraltolifeinMyanmar.7．Thewalls,paintedbrilliantwhite,(reflect)theafternoonsun.8．AlltheexamplestellusthatEnglish(invent)bypeopleandit(reflect)thecreativityofthehumanrace.9．Inthejourneyofself-discovery,nothingis(significant)thanfindinginnerpeaceandcontentment.10．Tearsof(grateful)rollingdownherface,sheembracedhermentorwhosavedherfromthedepthsofdespair.11．Today’sfestivalshavemanyorigins,some(religion),someseasonal,someinmemoryofancestors,andsomeforspecialpeopleorevents.Weholdastrong(believe)thatwewillbeadmittedtouniversitiesnextyear.13．I’mjoyoustoknowyouhaveinme.(faithfully)14．Afterretirement,helivesinBeijing,with(occasion)travelabroad.15．Theyorganizedmany(march)tohelpblackpeoplewintheequalright.Part2课文语法填空Today’sfestivalshaveawiderangeof____1____,includingtheseasonsoftheyear,famous___2_____,importanteventsandreligions.The___3_____festivalisoneofthemostpopularfestivalsandiscelebratedinmany___4____.Customsplaya____5_____roleinfestivals,buttheycanchangeovertime.Forexample,someChinesecitiesnolongerallowfirecrackersduringtheSpringFestival,astheycanincreaseairpollution.Thesedays,festivalsarebecomingmore_____6______,withpeoplespendingmoremoneyongifts.Festivals__7_____people’swishes,beliefs,faithsandattitudes____8____life.Theyare_____9____tospendtimewithfamilyandto___10___andenjoylife.005培优提升AIn1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworlddecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic,danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeafterWorldWarⅡ.ItquicklyattractedfamousnamessuchasAlecGuinness,RichardBurton,DameMargotFonteynandMarleneDietrichaswellasthebigsymphonyorchestras(交响乐团).ItbecameafixedeventeveryAugustandnowattractsabout400,000peopleyearly.Atthesametime,theEdinburghFestivalFringe(theFringe)appearedasachallengetotheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,believingthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform,andtheydidsoinapublichousethathadbeendisusedforyears.Soon,groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh,andlaterfromtheUniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge,DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformplaysbylittle-knownwritersinsmallhalls.TodaytheFringe,oncelessembraced,hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1,500performancesofmusic,danceandtheatreoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyetasearlyas1959,withonly19theatregroupsperforming,somesaiditwasgettingtoobig.Apaidadministrator(管理人员)wasfirstemployedonlyin1971,andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1,695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan1.25millionticketsweresold.1．Whydidsomefamouspeopleholdaninternationalfestivalin1947?A．TohonorheroesofWorldWarⅡ.B．Tointroduceyoungtheatregroups.C．ToattractgreatartistsfromEurope.D．TobringEuropetogetheragain.2．WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupscometoEdinburgh?A．Theycametotakeupachallenge.B．Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.C．Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.D．Theyownedapublichousethere.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninparagraph5?A．accepted. B．checked. C．allowed. D．controlled.4．Whyarethenumbersmentionedinthelastparagraph?A．Toprovedifferentgroupshavecometothefestival.B．ToshowadministratorsarebusyinAugust.C．Toprovetheticketsofthefestivalsellwell.D．Toshowthefestivalhasgrownrapidly.BIfyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat’saround.It’scalledAppleDaybutinfactit’smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentastevariouskindsofapples.TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseeanumberofclassicalapplesthatstillexisttoday,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn’ttasteofanythingspecial,it’sstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat’sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.Therearealsotypesdevelopedtosuitparticularlocalconditions.OneoftheverybesttypesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou’llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit’sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallinlovewithit.Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyactivities,childrenaregreatlyfondofapple-themedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingimpressivegardensandcommercialorchards(果园).Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent.5．Whatcanpeople