2021届中考英语备考复习-任务型阅读-句子还原型(七选五)考点、解题技巧

2021届中考英语备考复习任务型阅读-句子还原型解题技巧梳理设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾、段中1.读选项，画关键词，暗排序2.速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意2.理清文章结构，找逻辑，抓过渡词3.先易后难解难题4.回读文章定答案句子还原型—五选五、六选五、七选五解题步骤得分技巧抓住过渡词，看住上下句盯紧横线前后词语选项特点主旨概括句过渡性句子注释性句子1.通常是段落的主题句认真阅读空格后文内容，划出关键词，在选项中找到一致的主题句2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等着重读空格后第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关词，一般正确选项的最后一句与空格后第一句意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有并列、转折、因果关系等3.段落间的过渡句阅读上一段结尾部分，通常选项与上一段结尾有机衔接起来，所选答案要将上一段结尾和下一段内容连贯起来如果问题设在段首例题解析难度：两颗星1.

ThegovernmentprovidesfamilieswithcomputerssothatthechildrencanusetheInternettotalktotheirteachersandclassmatesbye-mailnow.Theteachersenjoytheirworkverymuchbecausetheygettoknowthechildrenandtheirfamilyverywell.Itisaninterestingwaytolearn,don'tyouthink?A.Theteacheralsotravelledaroundthecountry.B.Alloverthedesertsarefarmsandsmalltowns.C.Thiswashowthefirst"SchooloftheAir"

started.D.Thesefamilies'

childrencannotgotoschoollikeyou.E.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,computersarebecomingpopular.问题设在段首思路：1.设在段首，首先考虑为主题句2.着重读空格后句子，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找主题词2.

.Wecallit"cleaningtheplates".XuJunhasdoneitforyears.Hesaid,"

Therearestillalotofpeoplewhodon'thaveenoughtoeat

.However,manypeoplehavethrownawayawholechickenorfish."

Cleaningtheplatesisnotonlytosavefood,butalsotoprotecttheenvironmentandourhealth.A.IfcustomersordermorethantheycaneatB.Therearestillalotofpeoplewhodon'thaveenoughtoeatC.RestaurantshavealsojoinedtheactionD.SomepeoplelikeeatingupeverythingontheirplatesE.Ithinkweshouldorderenoughfoodwelike问题设在段首思路：空格后一句wecallit..我们叫它…即解释说明某事物，空格处应与该句解释相关3.

1

.Inordertoattract（吸引）customers,theyputanoticeinfrontoftherestaurant,whichsaid"MealsontheHouseforThreeDays."

2

.Itwaslunchtimeandhefeltveryhungry."Well,hereisarestaurant.Iamgoingtohavesomethingtoeat."

Hewalkedtowardstherestaurantwhenhesawthenotice."Americanpeoplearereallystrange.Theyeveneatdinnersonthehouse!ButhowcanIgetuptothetopofthehouse?"hesaidtohimself.问题设在段首思路：空格1空格后目的状语为了吸引顾客以及空格后关键词restaurant

空格2空格后指代的代词he

表明空格处有对应人

A.HewalkedtowardstherestaurantB.HeheardsomeoneshoutingathimC.Mr.SmithopenedasmallrestaurantD.Mr.SmithandthepolicemanlaughedE.Aforeignstudentpassedbyonthesecondday1.CanyouimagineaworldwithouttheInternet?It'ssurprisingtothinkaboutit.

ThisisthesecondhighestnumberofusersintheworldaftertheUnitedStates.Today,66%ofChinese"netizens（网民）"areteenagers."Theyspendaboutthirteenhourseveryweekonline,"saidQianHulin,anInternetexpert.DoctorSonginBeijingXuanwuHospitalsaidabout14%ofChinesenetizensareteensA.Theyoftenlastedovertenhourstoplayonlinegames.B.OntheInternet,teenagerscanfindoutalmostanything.C.Itischeaperthanphoningsomebodyfarawayandalsomuchquicker.D.Now,Chinahasmorethan162millionInternetusers,accordingtotheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCentre.练一练2.

.Preparingalistisnecessaryforwritingagoodarticle.Suchalistincludes:Isthereapropertitle?Haveweexplainedeverypoint?Areallthepartsofthearticleincluded?Thiscanhelpustomakesurethatwehavecoveredeverything.A.PreparealistB.ThefollowingtipscanbehelpfulC.RewritingmakesourwritingbetterD.ItisnoteasytobecomeabetterwriterE.Goodwordchoicesarenecessaryforgoodwriting例题解析难度：四颗星1.TheEarthis4.5billionyearsold,butthehumanracehaslivedonitforjust200,000years.Inthatshorttime,wehaveachievedsomeamazingthings.

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Thelistisalmostendless.Theinventionoftheairplanehaschangedourlives.Thediscoveryofantibiotics（抗生素）hassavedthelivesofmillionsofpeople.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutelectricity?Whatabouttheprintingpress（印刷术）?Withouttheprintingpress,youwouldn'tbereadingthis.Inthelast50years,therehavebeengreatachievementsincommunication,suchasradio,TV,computers,theInternet,andsmartphones（智能手机）问题设在段首—思路：推测空格应填主题句根据后面举例--飞机、抗生素、电、印刷术、电视、电脑等，都与科学技术有关A.Doyouthinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Weenjoythesethingseverydaybecausetheyarefreetouse.C.Theyusedfireforcookingandheatingandinventedthewheel.D.Manyofhumans’greatachievementsareinscienceandtechnology.E.Wecouldprobablylivewithoutthem,butlifewouldn’tbeasinteresting.2.

Youcannotbeperfect,youcanonlybethebestyoucanbe.Nooneinthisworldisperfect,sodon'tblame（指责）yourselfformakingamistakeornotbeingperfect.Also,stopcomparingyourselftoothers.A.Tellothers"Iloveyou".B.Stoptryingtobeperfect.C.Thebetteryouknowyourself,theeasieritwillbetoloveyourself.D.Youwillneverbethemandtheywillneverbeyou.E.Thisiswhatyoucantrulydotomakepeoplehappy.问题设在段首—思路：1.设在段首，首先考虑为主题句2.着重读空格后第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关词3.However,thisisn'ttheproblemwiththetwingirls.Theyalwaysarguedthattheoppositeonewaswrong._________.Toputanendtotheirfights,theirparentsdecidedtocreateasmalldrama.Theywantedthegirlstounderstandthattheywerebothcorrectfromtheirownpointofview.A.TheylooklikeeachotherB.Foryears,theirargumentscontinuedC.TheirmotheraskedTarathesamequestionD.Intheroom,abigboardwasplacedinthemiddle问题设在段首—思路：1.设在段首，首先考虑为主题句2.着重读空格后第一两句，锁定线索信号词，空格前后有argue/fights与选项arguments相呼应1.

Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps（水龙头）runwhilewebrushourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.

Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.

Inthisway,wecanmakefulluseofwater.A.However,justhowmuchistoomuch?B.Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.C.Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.D.Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.E.Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.练一练2.

Thinkaboutviolinistsinanorchestra（管弦乐团）.Whentheviolinistsplaywiththegroup,theyheartheirowninstrumentandmanyothers,too.Buttheviolinistsmustlistencloselytowhattheyareplaying,andpaynoattentiontotheothersounds.Inthisway,musiciansareabletofocusoncertainsounds,eveninaroomwithlotsofnoise.A.Musichelpspeoplesolvesomehearingproblems.B.Musicimprovescertainlanguageabilitiesinthebrain.C.Theviolinistsdeveloptheirmemoriesbyplayingtheviolin.D.Musicianshearbetterbecausetheylearntopayattentiontocertainsounds.E.Schlaugwassurprisedtofindthatsingingwordshelpedhispatientstospeak.1.从词汇线索判断：词汇线索主要包括代词和词汇复现两种情况1）代词选项中代词主要用于指代前面提到的人或物，巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以准确而快速解题2）词汇复现选项中出现与上一段句子相同词汇、同义词汇、近义词以及同一类型的词，解题时利用这些词作为解题线索2.从行文逻辑上判断逻辑关系包括：并列关系、递进关系、对比关系、因果关系如果问题设在段中1)并列关系如果空格处或前后两句话出现：first/firstly,second/secondly,third/thirdly,next,then,foronething,foranother,tobeginwith,toconclude等标志词，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系2）递进关系如果空格处或前后两句话出现also,besides,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,what’smore,what’sworse,inotherwords,similarly等标志词，则表明此处句子间是逻辑上的递进3）对比或转折关系如果空格处或前后两句话出现but,however,yet,instead,otherwise,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,regardlessof等标志词，则表明此处句子间是逻辑上的对比或转折关系4）因果关系如果空格处或前后两句话出现because,why,so,thus,therefore,asaresult等标志词，则表明此处句子间是逻辑上的因果关系例题解析难度：两颗星1.Escalatorsaremachinesthatmakemovingaroundeasy.

.Sopeopleinventedmachinestomakeiteasier.A.ItrunsfromonefloortothenextB.ClimbingstairscanbereallytiringC.Butyoudon'tmove—thestepsmoveyouD.ThemothertriedhardtoholdupherchildE.Thenthestepsgobackwhereyousteppedon问题设在段中—思路：空格后so

，表明空格与后句是因果关系2.Escalatorsmakeourlifeeasierbutatthesametimethereisapossibledanger.On26July2015,inJinzhouDepartmentStore,amotherholdingachildsetfootontheescalator.Therewassomethingwrongwithit.Theygotstuck.

.Thechildwassaved.Butthemotherfellwithintheescalator.A.ItrunsfromonefloortothenextB.ClimbingstairscanbereallytiringC.Butyoudon'tmove—thestepsmoveyouD.ThemothertriedhardtoholdupherchildE.Thenthestepsgobackwhereyousteppedon问题设在段中—思路：根据空格前后句重复出现的关键词mother、child,考虑空格处会出现词汇复现，讲述相关事情3.IwasveryhappywhenIsawsomanylovelybirds.

2

ButIdidn'tbringanyfood.Itwasapity.However,tomysurprise,whenIsatdown,thebirdsslowlycametowardme.Theylookedatme.

3

Thenmysistertoldme,BirdsinNewZealandarenotafraidofpeople.

Peoplearenicetothem.A.Ifnot,birdsmaygetill.B.Peoplearenicetothem.C.Therewerelotsofbirds.D.Iwantedtogivethemsomefood.E.Ididnotunderstandwhytheycametome.问题设在段中—思路：空格后出现转折词but，表明前后两句为转折关系1.Differentpeoplelikedifferentfoods.Somepeopledonotlikemeat.

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Somepeopledonotlikepotatoesorbread.Theypreferrice.A.Theylikesoftmusic.B.Noteveryonelikesthesamecolor.C.MillionsofpeoplewatchthegamesonTV.D.Theyeatfruitandvegetablesmostofthetime.E.Someotherpeopleenjoybeautifulplaceslikethemountainsorbeaches.练一练2.Fictionornonfiction?Somebooksaretotallymadeupandimagined.

2

Novels,shortstoriesandfables（寓言）areallexamplesoffiction.Thesebookscanbringyoutoanotherworldorhelpyouimaginesomethingbeyond（超出）yourownexperience.A.Askthemandgiveitaread.B.Thosearecalledfictionbooks.C.Howcanyoupickoneyouwilllike?D.Nonfictionbookstellstoriesusingfacts.E.Youdon'thavetosearchallbyyourself.3.Askanexpert.Yourlocallibraryisagreatplacetofindbooksthatyouwillloved.

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Tellalibrarianaboutyourinterests.Yourlibrariancanhelpyoufindbooksthatyou'resuretolove.Yourteacherisanothergoodpersontoask.A.Askthemandgiveitaread.B.Thosearecalledfictionbooks.C.Howcanyoupickoneyouwilllike?D.Nonfictionbookstellstoriesusingfacts.E.Youdon'thavetosearchallbyyourself.例题解析难度：四颗星1.Finally,wemustnotforgethumans'earlyachievements.

We

can't

imagine

modernlife

without

cookedfoodandcars.A.Do

you

thinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Isitsomethingthatmakesusrichorhappyorsavelives?C.Weenjoy

thesethingseverydaybecause

theyarefreetouse.D.Theyusedfireforcookingandheatingandinvented

the

wheel.E.Manyofhumans'greatachievementsareinscienceandtechnology.问题设在段中—思路：选项中一般会出现前后段同义词，即词语复现2.What

arehumans'greatestachievements?Toanswer

the

question,weneedtodecide

whatwemeanby"great".

Orisitjustsomethingthatmakesussay"Wow,"like

the

GreatWall?

What

do

you

think?A.Do

you

thinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Isitsomethingthatmakesusrichorhappyorsavelives?C.Weenjoy

thesethingseverydaybecause

theyarefreetouse.D.Theyusedfireforcookingandheatingandinvented

the

wheel.E.AndisMickeyMouseasimportantanachievementasgoingtospace?问题设在段中—思路：根据空格后or连接的两个句子，后句为一般疑问句，可推测空格也为一般疑问句，前后两句为选择关系3.Bekindtoothersanddonicethingsforthem.Thiswillhelptobuildyourself-confidence.

Youwillrealizethatbymakingotherpeoplehappy,youyourselfwillalsobecomehappywithyourlifeandyourself.A.Thebetteryouknowyourself,theeasieritwillbetoloveyourself.B.Youwillneverbethemandtheywillneverbeyou.C.Thisiswhatyoucantrulydotomakepeoplehappy.D.Theycanacceptyouforwhoyouareandonlywantthebestforyou.E.Acceptyourselfandloveyourselfforwhoyouare.问题设在段中—思路：选项中一般会出现前后段同义词，即词语复现4.Aproblemisonlyaproblemuntilthereisasolution（解决办法）.

Wefindsolutionsbythinkingcreatively.

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Inotherwords,wethinkoutsidethebox（跳出固有模式思维）.Sometimes,thinkingoutsidetheboxsolvesnotjustone,buttwoproblems.A.Infact,theseapartmentsarenotingoodcondition.B.However,theyweresurprisedwhentheysawthem.C.Steelcompaniesrecyclesomeoftheoldcontainers.D.Recyclingthesteelcontainershasmanyadvantages.E.Weuseourimaginationandcomeupwithcreativeideas.问题设在段中—思路：空格后有递进词：inotherwords,表明前后句为递进关系，空格句意与后句意思一致1.Isthereaconnectionbetweenmusicandlanguage?Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisyes:

Here,welookattwoexamples.A.Itcanevenhelpsickpeoplegetbetter.B.Musichelpspeoplesolvesomehearingproblems.C.Musicimprovescertainlanguageabilitiesinthebrain.D.Theviolinistsdeveloptheirmemoriesbyplayingtheviolin.E.Musicianshearbetterbecausetheylearntopayattentiontocertainsounds.练一练2.Blooddonorsarethosegivingblood—usuallyabout200mlatatime—tobloodbanksorblooddonation（捐赠）centers.

Forexample,someonemayhavelostbloodinaccidents,orhaveaseriousillnessthatrequirehisbloodtobereplaced.Hospitalsandbloodbanksstorethebloodandtrytokeepenoughonhand.A.Donatingbloodisnotdifficult.B.Thenthebloodcanbeusedforpeopleinneed.C.Infact,bloodisthegiftoflifeandkeepsusalive.D.Donatingbloodisnotonlyoneoftheeasiestwaystosavelives.E.Mostpeopleareabletodonatebloodagaininseveralmonthsiftheywish.1.空格前一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读锁定关键词2.空格设在段尾，通常是结论，概括性语言注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等信号词，如：therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可以发现与前文同义词句3.与前文是转折或对比关系此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲的内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对比、对立关系如果问题设在段尾4.与前文是并列或排比关系此类选项是为了补全本段主题内容的其他细节。在该段中和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列、递进的关联词或与前文句式类似的结构5.所选答案是引出下一段内容此时可考虑选项与下一段的开头是否有一定衔接，认真阅读空格后下一段开头几句，看是否与选项紧密连接例题解析难度：两颗星1.

Somestudentssaythattheirparentsoftensayalottothem,butneverlistentothem.

Otherssaytheirparentsdon'tletthemplaycomputergameswhenotherclassmatesareplayingthat.

Thesemakethemveryunhappy.Somestudentsevendecidetoleavehomebecausethey'reafraidtotelltheirparentsthatdobadlyinexams.Thentheythinkrunningawayisthebestchoice.

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A.Buttheydon'tknowrunningawaymaybringthemmoreproblems.B.Theyfeelhappyaboutit.C.Don'tbeafraidtotellthemyourfeelings.D.Theyfeelthey'renotclosetotheirparentsanymore.E.Middleschoolstudentsalwaysliketoplaycomputergames.问题设在段尾：思路：注意空格前一句话的关键词—runaway,选项与该句有衔接2.Problemsarepartsoflife.Hereissomeadviceforyou.•Findagoodchancetotalkwithyourparents.

•Gethelpfromotherslikegoodfriendsorteachers.A.Buttheydon'tknowrunningawaymaybringthemmoreproblems.B.Theyfeelhappyaboutit.C.Don'tbeafraidtotellthemyourfeelings.D.Theyfeelthey'renotclosetotheirparentsanymore.E.Middleschoolstudentsalwaysliketoplaycomputergames.问题设在段尾：思路：注意空格前一句话的关键词—talkwithyourparents,选项与该句有衔接3.Germsareineveryplace.Theyareverysmallandyoucan'tseethemwithyoureyes,

2

.Germsarealwaysfoundindirtywater.Whenwewatchthewaterunderamicroscope,wecanseetheminit.

3

.A.WecanalsofindgermsintheairanddustB.WhatmakesussickC.butyoucanseethemwithamicroscope（显微镜）D.YourfingerwouldbecomebigandredE.Soourparentsaskusnottodrinkdirtywater问题设在段尾：思路：注意空格前一句话的关键词—talkwithyourparents,选项与该句有衔接1.BritishpeoplehaveeatenSundayroastsforcenturies.Intheolddays,peoplehadtogotochurch（教堂）onSundays.Afterthat,peoplewouldbehungry.

A.Itisbecomingpopularinothercountriesnow.B.Thisisapuddingmadewitheggs,milkandflour（面粉）.C.BritishpeopleareverybusyontraditionalSundaydinners.D.ThereyoucaneataSundayroast.E.Sofamilieswouldgettogethertoeatabigmeal.练一练2.Sowhatisthistastydish?EverySundaydinnerhasroastmeat,usuallychickenorbeef,roastpotatoes,vegetables,andYorkshirepudding.

A.Besidesthetastyfood,thismealisalsoagreattimeforfamilies.B.ThisistraditionformanyBritishpeopleonSundays.C.Itisbecomingpopularinothercountriesnow.D.Thisisapuddingmadewitheggs,milkandflour（面粉）.E.BritishpeopleareverybusyontraditionalSundaydinners.3.Doyouknowhowtomakefriendswithagroupofpeople?Letmetellyouthestepsaboutmakingfriendswiththegroup.

1

First,youneedtoknowwhatkindofgrouptheyare.Ifpeopleofthegroupareshy,neveraskthem"whydon'tyoutalk?""Whyareyouquite?""Whydoyoulookshy?"

2

A.Thesequestionsareverypopular.B.That'showtomakefriendswithagroupofpeople.C.Theydon'tlikesuchquestions.D.Maybeit'shelpfultoyou.E.theimportantthingisthatyoushouldtrytobeoutgoing.例题解析难度：四颗星1.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutelectricity?Whatabouttheprintingpress（印刷术）?Withouttheprintingpress,youwouldn'tbereadingthis.Inthelast50years,therehavebeengreatachievementsincommunication,suchasradio,TV,computers,theInternet,andsmartphones（智能手机）.

问题设在段尾：思路：1.空格前两句是重点语句，从选项中选择与前几句有衔接的句子2.注意每个选项中关键词在空格前几句是否提及3.注意选项中代词指示A.Doyouthinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Isitsomethingthatmakesusrichorhappyorsavelives?C.Weenjoythesethingseverydaybecausetheyarefreetouse.D.AndisMickeyMouseasimportantanachievementasgoingtospace?E.Wecouldprobablylivewithoutthem,butlifewouldn'tbeasinteresting.2.AntForest,afeatureinAlipayapp,givesuserspointsfordoingego-friendlythingssuchaswalkingandgoingpaperlessintheoffice.Userscanthenusethesepointstowaterandgrowtheirownvirtual（虚拟的）trees.Whenthevirtualtreesarebigenough,AntForestwillplantrealtreessomewhereintheworld.

A.Morethan55milliontreeshavebeenplantedinthisway.B.TheChinesepublichasalsojoinedintheseactivitiesrecently.C.AndChinawasresponsiblefor25%ofthatgain,accordingtothestudy.D.However,peopletherecanproducevegetableswithoutanydifficultynow.E.Butnow,Chinahasturnedtheareaintothecountry'slargestman-madeforest.问题设在段尾：思路：1.空格前几句重点语句，选项要与前面句子主题相关2.选项中一般有前两句句的同义词或代词—trees/thisway代指Antforest3.Recently,averysimplequest