Unit6Survival知识点梳理清单高中英语选择性

高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit6Survival知识点梳理核心词汇1.estimatev．估计，估算n．(对数量、成本等)估计；估价【单句语法填空】Theyestimatethecostofthetripat$3,000.Thetreeisestimatedtobe(be)atleast700yearsold.Peopleestimatethat80%ofallconversationinEnglishissmalltalk.句式升级Itisestimatedthat80%ofallconversationinEnglishissmalltalk.[用主语从句升级句（3）]【要点归纳】estimatesthat估算beestimatedtobe/have/cost估计是/有/花费estimatethat估计……Itisestimatedthat...据估计……2.appreciatev．欣赏，赏识；感激，感谢【单句语法填空】（1）Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldeandguideus.（2）HereIsincerelyexpressmyappreciation(appreciate)ifyoucouldhelpfindthelostsuitcase.（3）Ireallyappreciateworking(work)withsomeonewhofullyappreciatesthesignificanceofhardwork.【翻译句子】（4）(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)当Bernard接过装满爆米花的篮子时，感激的泪水涌上了他的眼睛。TearsofappreciationwelledupinhiseyesasBernardacceptedthebasketfilledwithpopcorn.【要点归纳】（1）appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing重视/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……，我将不胜感激。appreciate＋that/wh从句理解/意识到……（2）appreciationn.欣赏；感激convey/expressone'sappreciation表达感激3.reactv．(作出)反应；起(化学)反应；回应【单句语法填空】Whichofthemetalsinthetablereactsthemostwithoxygenandwater?TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.Peoplewhoarehardonthemselveshaveahugenegativereaction(react)everytimetheymakeamistake.Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.【补全句子】（5）Parentsaresometimessosensitivetoeachchild'sreactionsthattheyoffertoomuchpraisetotheirchildren.父母有时对每一个孩子的反应都很敏感，所以他们会给孩子们过多的赞扬。【要点归纳】（1）reactwith...与……起反应reactto对……作出反应reactagainst反对；反抗；反叛（2）reactionn.反应4.getridof摆脱，除去，甩掉；扔掉，丢弃；改掉【单句语法填空】Gradually,thisnoisebegantoappearduringashow,andtogetridofit,Ihadtochangetoanotherchannelandthenchangeitback.Whycouldn'theeverridhimself(he)ofthosethoughts,thoseworries?【补全句子】（3）Second,gooutdoorsandplayteamgameswithyourfriends,whichisaneffectivewaytogetridofyouranger.其次，和朋友一起去户外做一些团队游戏，是一个使你摆脱愤怒的有效方法。【要点归纳】rid...of...使……免除……；使……摆脱……ridoneselfof...使某人自己摆脱……beridof...摆脱……5consistv．由……组成【单句语法填空】TheInternationalOlympicmitteeconsistsofmembersfrommanycountries.Atpresent,theresultsareconsistentwithearlierresearch.【一句多译】(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)这个音乐节由两部分组成，将使我们更加了解中国民间音乐。Themusicfestival,whichconsistsof/ismadeupof/isposedoftwoparts,willenableustoknowmoreaboutChinesefolkmusic.(定语从句)Themusicfestival,consistingof/madeupof/posedoftwoparts,willenableustoknowmoreaboutChinesefolkmusic.(分词作定语)【要点归纳】consistmainly/largelyof...主要由……组成consistin＝liein在于；取决于consistof＝bemadeupof＝beposedof由……组成consistentadj.一致的beconsistentwith...和……一致/与……相符6.exposev．使暴露(于险境)；揭露，使曝光；使接触，使体验【单句语法填空】/【补全句子】Theresearchshowsthatthemorebirdsareexposedtolight,themoreactivetheyareatnight.Buttoomuchexposuremayleadtothemdying.(expose)Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.Beingexposedto/Exposingourselvestoadvertisements(接触广告)constantlycanhelptochangeouropinionsovertime.句式升级Ifchildrenareexposedtotheoutsideworld,theywillbebetterequippedforthefuture.→Ifexposedtotheoutsideworld,childrenwillbebetterequippedforthefuture.(状语从句的省略)【要点归纳】expose...to...使……接触……；使……暴露于……exposeoneselfto...使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……exposesthtosb向某人揭发某事(be)exposedto...暴露于/接触……（3）exposuren.暴露；受冻词性转换1．crimen．罪，罪行→criminaln．罪犯adj.犯罪的2．suburbn．郊区，城郊→suburbanadj.郊区的；市郊的3．greedyadj.贪婪的，贪心的→greedn．贪婪；渴望4．mitv．犯(错误或罪行)→mitmentn．承诺；保证；献身；投入5．appreciatev．欣赏；赏识→appreciationn．欣赏；感激→appreciativeadj.赞赏的；感激的6．restrictv．限制，控制→restrictionn．限制；限定→restrictiveadj.限制性的7．hikern．徒步旅行者，远足者→hikev．去远足8．optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的→optimismn．乐观主义→pessimisticadj.悲观的9．consumptionn．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量→consumev．消耗→consumern．消费者10．reactv．(作出)反应→reactionn．反应，回应11．monthlyadj.每月一次的→monthn．月，月份12．advancedadj.高级的；先进的→advancev．前进；取得进展n．进展，进步13．terrifyingadj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→terrifiedadj.害怕的→terrifyv．使害怕14．consistv．由……组成→consistentadj.一致的15．exposev．使暴露(于险境)→exposuren．暴露，显露→exposedadj.暴露的重点短语1．inone'sway挡某人的路2．havenochoicebuttodosth别无选择只好做某事3．outofreach够不到4．underconstruction在建设之中5．fitinwith适应，与……合得来6．getatastefor尝一尝，体验，感受7．crashinto撞击，闯入8．amountto总计9．copewith应付10．bring...undercontrol使……处于控制之下11．getridof摆脱，除去12．wipeout彻底摧毁，消灭13．consistof由……构成，由……组成14．inthemeantime在此期间，与此同时重点句型一、句型公式：that引导同位语从句【单句语法填空】Theideathatputerscanrecognisehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.Hemadeapromisetohissonthathewouldbuyabikeforhim.ShehasexpressedherhopethattheforeignstudentswillspreadthegoodwillandsincerityoftheChinesepeopletootherpartsoftheworld.【补全句子】（4）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststhattheearthisbeingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实，使科学家们非常担心。【要点归纳】that引导的同位语从句，常作news,fact,hope,idea,suggestion,promise,truth等名词的同位语。that引导同位语从句和定语从句时的区别在于：引导定语从句时，that为关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，有意义；而引导同位语从句时，that在从句中只起引导词的作用，不作成分，没有意义。二、with复合结构Spottingthecarwithitswindowleftopen,thegreedythiefdidn'thesitate.贪婪的小偷看到汽车车窗开着，毫不犹豫地行动了。三、“only＋状语(从句)”置于句首引起的部分倒装Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.只有这样，我们才能和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。重点语法第一步：单元思维导图回顾知识第二步：单元重难知识易混易错“疑问词＋ever”和“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句1.“疑问词＋ever”包括“疑问代词＋ever”和“疑问副词＋ever”（1）疑问代词＋ever：whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever（2）疑问副词＋ever：whenever,wherever,however2.“疑问词＋ever”与“nomatter＋疑问词”引导从句时的区别引导让步状语从句时，“疑问词＋ever”与“nomatter＋疑问词”可以互换使用。Thequalitywillbethesame,whichever/nomatterwhichofthemyouchoose.它们当中无论你选哪一个，品质都一样。Whoever/Nomatterwho