江苏省赣榆县海头高级中学牛津译林版高一英语必修三练一练Unit3Backtothepast1

江苏省赣榆县海头高级中学牛津译林版高一英语必修三练一练Unit3+Back+to+the+past1I.1Theorganizationdevotedtohelpingthehomelesshasrisenfromthea_____tobeeverysuccessful.【答案】ashes##shes【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这个帮助无家可归者的组织从失败走向成功。根据句意和提示的首字母，此处应为ash意为“灰烬”，通常使用复数形式，本句中该词作为介词from的宾语。故填ashes。2.Greatmenarethosewhoseethatspirituallifeismoreimportantthanm_____possessions.【答案】material##aterial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：伟人是那些认为精神生活比物质财产更重要的人。形容词material(物质的，材料的)作定语修饰名词possessions。故填material。3.Thegovernmenthasp_____millionsofpoundsintotheeducationsystem.【答案】poured##oured【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：政府把千百万英镑投入到教育系统。动词pour(倾倒，投入)，谓语动词，结合助动词has，本句现在完成时，pour用过去分词形式。故填poured。4.Thesepiecesofpaperhadbeenburiedb_____theearthforthousandsofyears.【答案】beneath##eneath【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：这些纸张被埋藏在地下好几千年。介词beneath“在……下面，符合句意和首字母”；本句中该词与theearth构成介词短语。故填beneath。5.Therichbusinessmanf_____ahospitalandaschoolinthetownwherehewasborn.【答案】founded##ounded【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这位富有的商人在他出生的城市里建立了一所医院和一所学校。动词found“建立，成立”，符合句意和首字母；该词在句中做谓语动词，根据句意可知是一般过去时。故填founded。6.Itwasreportedthismorningthatthedriverofthetruckhadalreadyf_____thesceneoftheaccident.【答案】fled##led【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：据报道这位卡车司机从事故现场逃逸。根据句意和首字母可知，空处为动词flee逃离；本句中该词的过去分词fled与助动词had构成过去完成时。故填fled。7.Marcuslefthishometownasapoor,workingclassboyandreturnedasanextremely_____(富有的)man.【答案】wealthy【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：马库斯离开家乡时是一个贫穷的工人阶级男孩，回到家乡时是个极其富有的人。根据汉语提示“富有的”可知，此处应填形容词wealthy作定语，修饰名词man。故填wealthy。8.Iwasabouttogooutthismorningwhentherewasahugebangasifsomeonehad_____(引爆)abomboutside.【答案】exploded【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：今天早晨我正要外出，在这时我听见了一声巨响，好像有人引爆了一颗炸弹。动词explode爆炸，引爆；这里的asif从句表示与过去相反的虚拟语气，应用该词的过去分词和had连用，故填exploded。9.A_____(沙尘暴)isastrongwindinadesertarea,whichcarriessandthroughtheair.【答案】sandstorm【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：沙尘暴是沙漠地区的强风，它将沙子带到空中。根据汉语提示“沙尘暴”可知，此处应填名词作sandstorm主语，根据空前冠词a。故填sandstorm。10._____(学者)generallyagreedthatHemingway’sTheSunAlsoRisesisoneofthemodernclassicsintheUnitedStates.【答案】Scholars【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：者们普遍认为，海明威的《太阳照常升起》是美国现代经典之一。根据汉语提示“学者”可知，此处应填名词scholar作主语，scholar为可数名词，前面没有数量词，故用其复数形式，且位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Scholars。II.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthewordsgivenbelow.Useeachwordonceonly.[culture,remain,fortunate,civilize,gradual]11Womenhave_____beemoreinvolvedinthedecisionmakingprocess.12.Environmentalistssaythattheroadwilldestroythe_____oftheworld’sfirstmercialrailway.13.ItisgenerallyacceptedthattheChinese_____isoneoftheoldestintheworld.14.Everyyeartheorganizationhascharitydaystoraisemoneyfor_____people.15.Itisimportantforusstudentstolookatthepoliticaland_____backgroundtothenovel.【答案】11.gradually12.remains13.civilization14.unfortunate15.cultural【解析】【11题详解】考查副词。副词通常在句中做状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。本句中副词gradually做状语修饰谓语动词。句意：女性逐渐地参与到做决定的过程中。【12题详解】考查名词。名词remains废墟；遗址；该词在句中做动词destroy的宾语。句意：环保主义者说这条路会毁灭到世界上第一条商业铁路遗址。【13题详解】考查名词。名词civilization文明；该词在本句中做主语。句意：人们都认同中华文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。【14题详解】考查形容词。形容词unfortunate不幸的；本句中该词做定语修饰名词people。句意：每年这个组织都举行慈善日为不幸的人筹钱。【15题详解】考查形容词。形容词cultural文化的；本句中该词做定语修饰名词background。句意：对我们学生来说了解这本小说的政治和文化背景很重要。III.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthephrasesgivenbelow.Useeachphraseonceonly.[bedecoratedwith,beknownas,breakdown,cutdown,lookfor,resultin,runaway,takeover,togetherwith,turnout]16.Beingselfemployedmeantgivingupawellpaidjob,_____sickleaveandlongvacationtime.17.WithChristmasapproaching,theChristmastreesinthestore_____goldenbells.18.Greateffortshavebeenmadeto_____governmentexpensestoadesirablelevel.19.Bobwouldn’tgoforaridewithotherboysbecausehewas_____aletterfromJulie.20.ThoughEricneverhadaformalpositionontheboardofdirectors,he_____thefatherofthepany.21.ThiswastheperiodwhenEinsteinbegantheresearchwhich_____thecreationofhisfamousTheoryofRelativity.22.Itwasadifficulttime,buteventuallythings_____allright.23.Martintriedtodealwiththeeverincreasingpressureofhiswork,butfinallyhe_____andhadtotakeapleterest.24.Theguardsintheprisonmakesurethatnoneoftheprisoners_____.25.Henry’s_____therunningofthefamilyfirmfromhisfather.【答案】16.togetherwith17.aredecoratedwith18.cutdown19.lookingfor20.wasknownas21.resultedin22.turnedout23.brokedown24.runaway25.takenover【解析】【16题详解】考查介词短语。介词短语togetherwith…和…一起；本句中名词短语sickleaveandlongvacationtime.做它的宾语。句意：成为自由职业意味着放弃一份报酬丰厚的工作，以及病假和很长的假期。【17题详解】考查形容词短语。短语bedecoratedwith…以…装修。本句中该短语作为谓语动词。句意：随着圣诞节的临近，用金色的铃铛来装饰商店里的圣诞树。【18题详解】考查动词短语。短语cutdown削减，减少；本句中名词短语governmentexpenses做它的宾语。句意：我们努力把政府开支削减到一个令人满意的水平。【19题详解】考查动词短语。短语lookfor寻找；该短语的现在分词和系动词was构成过去进行时。句意：Bob不愿意和其他男孩外出骑车，也他正在找一封Julie的来信。【20题详解】考查形容词短语。短语beknownas…作为…很出名。该词在本句中做谓语。句意：尽管Eric在董事会里从来都没有正式的职务，但作为公司的创始人他很出名。【21题详解】考查动词短语。短语resultin导致；本句中名词短语thecreationofhisfamousTheoryofRelativity做它的宾语。句意：就在这一时期，爱因斯坦开始了一项研究，这项研究导致了相对论的出现。【22题详解】考查动词短语。短语turnout结果…；原来…；该短语和allright构成谓语部分。句意：这是一段困难的时期，但最终一切顺利。【23题详解】考查动词短语。短语breakdown崩溃；垮掉；分解；该短语在句中和hadtotakeapleterest构成并列谓语。句意：Martin努力处理越来越大的工作压力，最终他的身体垮掉了彻底休息了。【24题详解】考查动词短语。短语runaway逃跑；该词在句中做谓语动词。句意：监狱里的卫兵确保没有囚犯逃跑。【25题详解】考查动词短语。短语takeover接管；该词的过去分词和助动词has连用构成现在完成时。句意：Henry已经从父亲那里接管了公司的运营权。IV.26.Wendy,ourEnglishteacher,alwaysencouragesustostudyhard.Wendy,ourEnglishteacher,never__________encourageustostudyhard.【答案】①.fails②.to【解析】【详解】考查同义句转换。本题第二句中使用双重否定表示肯定，原句是一个肯定句，第二句中已经有否定词never，所填词必须是不是否定含义的词。句意：我妈妈的英语老师Wendy总是鼓励我们认真学习。27.Itisbelievedthatthephotographistheclearestoneofthatrareanimal.Thephotographisbelieved__________theclearestoneofthatrareanimal.【答案】①to②.be【解析】【详解】考查同义转换。动词短语believe…tobe….认为…是….；其中的tobe可以省略；第一句是一个形式主语句，第二句是简单句。句意：人们认为这幅图片是那种稀有动物最清楚的图片之一。28.ByherhardworkLindahasbeeamemberoftheschoolbasketballteam.ByherhardworkLindahas_______________intheschoolbasketballteam.【答案】①.won②.a③.place【解析】【详解】考查同义短语转换。动词短语beeanumberof成为…的成员=winaplacein…在…中赢得一席之地。句意：通过他的努力，Linda在校篮球队赢得了一席之地。29.I’vealwayswantedtohavetheskillatplayingthepiano.I’vealwayswantedto_______________playthepiano.【答案】①.be②.able③.to【解析】【详解】考查同义短语转换。短语havetheskilltodosth有做某事的技巧=beabletodosth能够做某事；句意：我总想想能够弹钢琴。30.Mysistermetanoldfriendofhersbychancewhenshewasshoppinginasupermarket.Mysister_______________anoldfriendofherswhenshewasshoppinginasupermarket.【答案】①happened②.to③.meet【解析】【详解】考查同义短语转换。短语meetsbbychance偶然遇见某人=happentomeetsb碰巧遇见某人。句意：我姐姐在超市购物的时候，碰巧遇见了她的一位老朋友。V.Multiplechoice.31.—CanyoueandseemeonSunday,Daddy?—Oh,daring,_____I’mafraidthatI’malreadygoingonabusinesstrip.A.whatapity! B.whynot?C.eon! D.sowhat?【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。A.whatapity!真遗憾啊！B.whynot?为什么不呢？C.eon!加油！得了吧！D.sowhat?那又怎么样。句意：—爸爸，你能在星期天来看我吗？—亲爱的，真遗憾啊！那时我已经去出差了。选择A项说明不能来看孩子的遗憾之情。32.OurEnglishteacherMs.Whitetoldusinherclass_____weshoulddosomethingtostopwaterpollutionatpresentinourcity.A.when B.whyC.what D.where【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们的英语老师怀特小姐在她的课上告诉我们为什么现在我们城市应该采取措施阻止水污染。动词tell后面的宾语从句结构完整，需要使用连接副词做状语引导从句，而what是连接代词；AD两项的语意和上下文不搭配。连接副词why表示采取措施的原因，与上下文语境一致。故选B。33.Almosteveryteenagerwillexperienceaperiodintheirlife_____theyaren’tsatisfiedwiththeirparents.A.which B.whereC.why D.when【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生活中几乎每个年轻人都会经历一个对父母不满意的时期。A.which那个；B.where在该处；C.why……的原因；D.when在……时候。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，修饰先行词aperiod，从句结构完整，应使用关系副词，先行词aperiod表示时间，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选D项。34.Inmostcases,collegegraduatesdon’tmindwhatjobtheywilldoaslongasitisone_____theycanearnmoneytosupportthemselves.A.which B.whenC.where D.that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在大多数情况下，大学毕业生们不介意他们将做什么工作，只要他们能赚到钱来养活自己。A.which那个；B.when在那时；C.where在该处；D.that那个。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one，且在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选C项。35.—Howmuchdidyouspendrepairingyourputer?—Idon’tremember,_____itwasquitealot.A.but B.orC.for D.so【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查并列连词。句意：——你花了多长时间修理你的计算机？——我记不得了，但时间很长。A.but但是；B.or或者；C.for因为；D.so因此。根据“itwasquitealot”和句意可知空前后是转折关系，应用连词but。故选A项。VI.36.少数民族文学能否进入文学史是当下一些专家关注的问题。Itiswhatsomemodernexperts____________________whethertheminorityliteraturecanenterthehistoryofliteratureornot.【答案】①.pay②.much③.attention④.to【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。短语paymuchattentionto…关注…；注意….；本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是whethertheminorityliteraturecanenterthehistoryofliteratureornot。连接代词what引导表语从句，并在句中作为动词短语payattentionto的宾语。37.今天下午我恐怕来不了，因为我要去听讲座。I’mafraidIcan’tethisafternoon,becauseI’llto_______________.【答案】①.attend②.a③.lecture【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。短语attendalecture听讲座；本句中该短语的不定式修饰表示将来要发生的事情，是将来时的表达方式之一。38.杰弗里是一个工作狂，奥利弗也是。Jeffreyisaworkaholic,and_______________.【答案】①.so②.is③.Oliver【解析】【详解】考查固定句式。本句考查了so的观点句式：“So+助动词/情态动词/be动词+另外一主语”表示前面的肯定情况适用于另外一个人。本句中前面使用了is，所以后面也使用系动词is。39.借助于此项高科技仪器，操控者能立即确切地知道问题在哪儿。____________________suchahitechinstrument,theoperatorcanknowexactlyatoncewhathasgonewrong.【答案】①.With②.the③.help④.of【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。介词短语withthehelp/aidof在…的帮助之下；介词短语可以做定语状语等，本句中该短语做状语修饰后面整个句子。40.因为缺乏历史依据，难以想象这个国家六世纪的生活是什么样的。____________________whatlifeinthecountrywaslikeinthe6thcenturybecausethereisalackofhistoricalevidence.【答案】①.It’s②.hard③.to④.imagine【解析】【详解】考查形式主语。本句中it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式短语toimaginewhatlifeinthe…..；VII.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwordsortheproperformofthegivenwords.Remainsofancientcivilizationsareplaces___41___weredesignedandbuiltasalastingtribute(致敬)tosomeindividualsorevents.Byvisitingthesehistoricmonuments,youaresure___42___(amaze)byhowadvancedancientcivilizationswerecenturiesbeforeyouwereborn.Somefacilities(设施)whichcanbedatedbacktohundredsofyearsagoarestillinusetoday.Besides,youwillalsowonderaboutthe___43___(mystery)storiesbehindthem.TheGreatWall,forexample,isoneofthebestknownhistoricrlicsinChina,whichconsistsofanetworkofwallsandtowersthrough___44___thewarningsofattackcouldbereceivedwithinminutes.Soldiersthenhadenoughtime___45___(prepare).Estimates(估算)ofthetotallengthofthemonumentvary,dependingonwhichsectionsareincludedandhowtheyaremeasured.Althoughsomeofthewallis___46___(recognize)inspecialradarimagestakenbysatellites,astronautshaveconfirmedthattheexistingwallisnotseveralthousandyearsold,norisit,asmanypeoplehadclaimed,visibletothehumaneyefromouterspace.EvenolderthantheGreatWallofChinaistheGreatPyramidofGiza.Overa20yearperiod,thousandsof___47___(work)madethevisionarealitywithnumerousblocks,eachweighingmorethantwotons.It’sstillasecrettomodernpeople___48___ancientmenmangedtotransportthesegiantstonesinatime___49___carsorboatsneverexisted.ThepyramidservednotonlyasatombforKingKhufu,butalsoaplaceofreligiousactivity.AfterKhufudied,hisbodywascarefullytreatedwithvariouschemic