医学词汇词根

SuffixMeaningExample

-acpertainingtocardiac:pertainingtotheheart

属于，关于心脏（病）的

-alpertainingtomedical:pertainingtomedicine

-arpertainingtomolecular:pertainingtoamolecule

分子的

-arypertainingtociliary:pertainingtothecilia

belongingto睫毛的，纤毛的,毛状的

-aseenzyme酶amylase:anyenzymethatconvertsstarchtosugar淀粉酶

-clesmallnessfollicle:asmallbodilycavityorsac

小，少，贫乏，小气小囊，（头发的）毛囊

-eaninstrument仪器auriscope:aninstrumentforexaminingtheear(检查耳朵

用的)耳镜

-ealpertainingtolaryngeal:pertainingtothelarynx

喉的,喉音的

-iacondition;qualityphobia:abnormalfear恐惧，害怕

-icpertainingtotoxic:pertainingtotoxin

有毒的；因中毒引起的

-icsstudyof;nameofasciencepaediatrics:studyofchildren,theirdevelopmentanddisease

s儿科学

-ine/isubstance物质insulin：

nsubstance(hormone)producedbytheisletsofLangerhansin

thepancreas

胰岛素

-ismprocessorconditionalcoholism:excessivedrinkingofalcoholwhichbecomesadd

ictive酒精中毒

-istonewhospecializesinpharmacologist:adoctorwhospecializesinthestudyofdru

精通于的人gs药理专家

-itisinflammationreferstoapartrhinitis:inflammationofthenasalpassages

in鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

……部位的炎症

-(i)urelationtoawhole;relatedtendometrium:innerliningoftheuter子宫内膜

m0

与相关

-ivecharacterizesbyantitussive:adrugthatsuppressescoughing

止咳药

-lettiny;smalldroplet:atinydrop小滴

-mentheresultorproductofanacdevelopment:thingwhichdevelopsorisbeingdeveloped;ac

ttiontionofbecomingmature

-oidresembling;likemucoid:resemblingmucus

像粘液样的

-olelittle;smallcentriole:thesmalldensestructureinthemiddleofthecent

rosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-omatumor;swellingreferstoadodermatofibroma:fibroustumoroftheskin

er皮肤纤维瘤

-or/-eeitherapersonorthingreceptor:asensorynerveendingthatrespondstovarioussti

rmuli感受器，受体

-orycharacterizedby;pertainingtsuspensory:whichishangingdown

0悬吊式，悬带

-osesugarfructose:fruitssugarfoundinhoneyandsomefruit果糖

-osisabnormalconditiononychocryptosis:abnormalconditionofahiddennail嵌甲

-ouspertainingtopoisonous:pertainingtopoison;alsocontainingpoison有毒

的，分泌毒素的

-sombodiesribosome:thebodyofnucleicacid核糖体

es

-umstructure;thing;substancemagnesium:awhitemetallicchemicalsubstance镁（金属元

结构，物质素）

-ycondition;act;processdystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabol

ism营养不良

Thefollowingisalistofthemostcommonlyusedcompoundsuffixes

SuffixMeaningExample

-algiapain;painful;conditionarthralgia:paininajoint关节痛

—aseenzymeprotease:digestiveenzyme蛋白酶

-blastembryo胚胎，人类胚hemocytoblast:blastcell血胚细胞，原始血细胞

胎

-carcinmalignanttumordevelopingadenocarcinoma:malignanttumordevelopingfromglandula

omafromconnectivetissue相rtissue腺癌

关组织的恶性肿瘤

-celeprotrusion;distention突出；esophagocele:abnormaldistentionoftheesophagus食管突

膨胀，延伸出

-centesurgicalpuncture手术穿孑Iparacentesis:surgicalpunctureofacavityfortheaspiration

sisoffluid穿刺术

-capnicarbondioxide二氧化碳acapnia:absenceofcarbondioxide血液二氧化碳缺乏

a

-cidekillgermicide:（substance）whichcankillgerms

杀菌剂

-clastcellphagocyte:cell,especiallyawhitebloodcell,whichcansurro

undanddestroyothercells噬菌细胞

-dyniapainglossodynia:paininthetongue舌痛

-ectasiexpansion;dilation（膨胀，扩atelectasis:incompleteexpansionofthelungsatbirth肺不

a/张）张

-ectasi

s

-ectomsurgicalexcisionorremovalgastrectomy:surgicalremovalofthestomach胃切除术

yof

-edemexcessiveaccumulationofsmyxoedema:conditioncausedwhenthethyroidglanddoes

aerousfluid水肿notproduceenoughthyroidhormone粘液腺瘤病,粘液水

■肿j।

-emiabloodconditionleukemia:anyofseveralmalignantdiseaseswhereanabnor

malnumberofleucocytesformintheblood白血病

-emesivomiting口区吐hematemesis:thevomitingofblood咯血；吐血

-gensomethingthatproducedorpathogen:amicroorganismoragentcapableofproducingdi

prouducessease病菌，病原体

-genesproduction生产spermatogenesis:formationanddevelopmentofspermatoz

isoainthetestes精子发生

-globinprotein蛋白质hemoglobin:aniron-containingproteinproducedbyerythro

cytes血红素

-gnosisknowledgediagnosis:theprocessofidentifyingthenatureorpresence

ofadiseasethroughknowledgeandexamination

-gramimage;pictureelectrocardiogram:agraphicrecordoftheelectricalactivity

ofheartmuscleorheartbeatusedinthediagnosisofheartd

isease.

Abbr.ECGandEKG.Syn.cardiogram

心电图

-graphprocessofrecordingelectocardiography:theprocessofmakingorrecordingelect

(y)记录过程rocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心电图记录

-iasiscondition;statecholelithiasis:theformationofgallstones胆石症

情况，状况

-iatry/healing,frequentlyreferstopodiatry:treatmentoffootdisorders

-iatricsabranchofmedicine康复，足部医疗

常指医学的一个分支

-lithstonecholelith:agallstone;astoneformedinthegallbladder月旦

结石

-logythestudyofcytology:thesciencestudyofcells细胞学

-logistonewhostudiesandtreatsurologist:aphysicianwhospecializesinthepracticeofurolo

gy泌尿科医生

-lysisbreakdown,destructionhemolysis:thedestructionorbreakdownofredbloodcellsw

ithreleaseofhemoglobin溶血

-malacsofteningosteomalacia:softeningofbone骨软化

ia

-maniaextremecompulsionorpreokleptomania:amorbid,uncontrollablecompulsiontosteal

ccupation强迫症盗窃癖

-megalgiantacromegaly:aconditioninwhichthereisanenlargementof

ythefacialbonesaswellasthoseofthelungs肢端肥大症

-metrymeasurementspirometry:measurementofthevolumeofairinhaledande

/xhaledortheaircapacityofthelungs肺（活）量测定（法），呼

-meter吸量测定（法）

-odynipaincardiodynia:painintheheartregion心痛，胸痛

a

-onehormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone:whichregulatescalciumbalanceamongthe

blood,bones,andteeth甲状旁腺激素

-opiaadefectintheeye眼睛的毛myopia:beingshort-sighted近视

病

-opsytoviewbiopsy:excisionoflivetissueformicroscopicdiagnosis活检

-osismorbidcondition病态的sclerosis:abnormalhardening硬化症

-osmiasmellanosmia:lossofthesenseofsmell嗅觉丧失

-ostomprocessofmakinganopeningastrostomy:surgicalconstructionofanopeningfromthesu

ygintooraconnectionbetwrfaceoftheabdomenintothestomach胃造□术

een

造屡

-oxialevelofoxygen氧水平hypoxia:alowoxygenleveloralackofoxygeninbodytissue

s组织缺氧

-pathydisease;diseasedconditionophthalmopathy:anyeyedisease眼病

-peniadeficiencyleukopenia:deficiencyofleukocytesintheblood.Syn.leukoc

ytopenia白细胞减少症

-pepsidigestioneupepsia:gooddigestion7肖化良好

a

-pexyafixingorsettingfirmlyinplhepatopexy:surgicalfixationofadisplaceliver肝固定术

acebysuturing缝合固定

-phagieating;swallowing吃，吞咽dysphagia:difficultyinswallowing吞咽困难

a/phag

y

-philattraction吸弓I,具有吸弓Ibasophil:typeofleucocyteorwhitebloodcellwhichcontain

力的事物sgranules嗜碱性粒细胞

-phobifearxenophobia:irrationalfearofstrangers对外国人的恐惧，憎

a恶

-plasiaformation;developmenthyperplasia:overdevelopmentorenlargementofanorgano

「tissue增生，数量型肥大

-phonivoicedysphonia:difficultyinspeaking发声乐］难

-plasmformation;growthorsubstacytoplasm:jellysubstanceinthecell细胞浆

neeofformation

-plastysurgicalrepairosteoplasty:surgicalrepairofthebone骨整形术，骨成形术

-plegistroke;paralysis中风thermoplegia:heatorsunsrtoke热射病

a

-pneabreathingeupnea:normalbreathing呼吸正常,平静呼吸

-ptosiafalling,thedroppingorsaghepatoptosis:abnormallylowpositionoftheliver肝下垂

sgingofanorgan器官下移

-ptysisspitting分散melanoptysis:spittingofthespleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰

-poiesiproductionhemopoiesis:productionofbloodcells造血作用，生血作用

-rrhagburstingforthofblood出血menorrhagia:veryheavybleedingduringmenstruation月经

e/过多

-rrhagi

a

-rrhapsurgicalsewingorsuturingsplenorrhaphy:sutureofthespleen脾修补术

hy

-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea:waterydischarge液溢

-(o)rrhsplittingorrupture撕裂，破amniorrhexis:ruptureoftheamnioticac

exis裂，疝气羊膜破裂

-sarcomalignanttumordevelopingliposarcoma:malignanttumorcontainingfat

mafromconnectivetissue脂肪肉瘤

-schesiaholdingback;suppressionuroschesis:suppressionofurine闭尿,尿潴留

sofdischarge阻碍；抑制排

放

-scleroahardeningdermatosclerosis:hardeningoftheskin硬皮病

sis

-scopeinstrumentforviewingstethoscope:aninstrumentforperformingmedicateauscula

tion听诊器

-scopyprocessofexaminingvisuallhepatoscopy:examinationoftheliver肝检查

y

-spasminvoluntarycontractionangiospasm:suddencontractionofthemusclesinabloodve

ssel血管痉挛

-stasissuppression;stoppage;conthemostasis:thearrestofbleeding

rol;arrest抑制，中止止血，止血法

-stenoabnormalnarrowingofadularyngostenosis:abnormalnarrowingofthelarynx喉狭窄

sisctorcanal管、道德异常狭

窄

-stomysurgicalopeningtotheoutsicolostomy:surgicaloperationtomakeanopeningfromthec

deofthebody造口olon结肠造口术

-tentiopressurehypertention:highbloodpressure高血压

n

-theratreatmentphysiotherapy:treatmentofdiseasebyphysicalmeans物理

py疗法

-tionprocesshospitalization:theprocessofbeinghosipitalized住院

-tocialabor;birth生产embryotocia:abortion流产

-tometoolforincisionarthrotome:instrumentforcuttingajoint关节刀

-tomyprocessofcuttingintogastrotomy:incisionofthestomach胃切开术

■tropiaturning转弯，变向esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye内斜视

-trophnourishmentordevelopmendystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabol

ytofanorgan器官的营养、ism营养不良

发育

-uriaaconditionoftheurine(小dysuria:difficultlyinpassingurine排尿困难

便)

-versioturningeversion:aturningoutward夕卜翻，翻转

n

Hereisatableofthemostcommonlyusedprefixes

PrefixMeaningExample

a-/an-without;notaphasia:theinabilitytounderstandwrittenorspokenwords

ortospeakmeaningfully失语症

ab-awayfromabortion:expulsionfromtheuterus流产

ad-to;toward;nearadnasal:nearthenose近鼻的

acro-apointortipacronyx:growingintotheflesh嵌甲

alb-whitealbino:apersonlackingnormalpigmentation白发病者

amb-/bothambisexual、

ambi-bisexual:(person)whoissexuallyattractedtobothmalesan

dfamales双性恋

amphi-both;bothsidesamphicentric:beginningandendinginthesamevessel起止

/同源的血管

ampho

ana-up;backagainanabolism:processofbuildingupcomplexchemicalsubstan

cesonthebasisofsimplerones合成代谢

Angio-abloodvesselangioma:benigntumorformedofbloodvessel血管瘤

ante-beforeantenatal:duringtheperiodbetweenconceptionandchildbi

rth出生前的，怀孕期的

anti-againstantidepressant:(drug)usedtotreatdepression抗抑郁齐!J

audi-hearing;soundaudiometry:scienceoftestinghearing听力测定

auto-selfautoantibody:antibodyformedtoattackthebody'sowncell

s自身抗体

bi-two;twicebicellular:twocells两室的

bio-livingorganisms生命体biochemistry:chemistrylivingtissues生物化学

brady-slowbradycardia:slowrateofheartcontraction,shownbyaslow

pulserate心动过缓

carcin-carcinomaorcancer癌；瘤carcinogen:acancer-causingsubstance致癌物

cata-downwards;under;against;cataract:conditionwherethelensoftheeyegraduallybeco

alongwithmeshardandopaque白内障

centi-onehundredth百分之一centimeter:unitofmeasurementoflength(=onehundredth

ofameter)厘米

co(n)-withortogetherconsanguineous:bloodrelationship血亲的，血缘的，密切

的

contraagainstcontraception:preventionofpregnancybyusingdevicesord

rugs避孕法，节育法

de-removalorlossdecaffeinated:(coffee)withthecaffeineremoved脱去咖啡

因的

deca-tendecagram:tengrams十克

deci-tenthdeciliter:unitofmeasurementofliquid(=onetenthofalittle

)1/10公升

di-twodiglossia:adoubletongue使用两种语言

dia-through;between;apart;acdiathermy:processof(treating)throughheat

ross透热疗法

dis-reversalorseparatedisintegrate:tocometopieces分解，破裂

dys-bad;difficult;disordereddysarthrosis:deformityormalformationofajoint关节变形

echo-soundechocardiography:ultrasonographyoftheheart心回波描

记，超声心动描记术

ect-/outsideorouterecchondroma:benigntumoronthesurfaceofcartilageorb

ecto-one外生软骨瘤

en-in;withinenostosis:benigngrowthinsideabone内生骨疣

endo-insideendocardium:membranewhichlinestheheart心内膜

epi-on;overepidermis:outerlayerofskin表皮

ery-rederythrocyte:maturenon-nucleatedredbloodcell红细胞

eso-inward;within(向内)esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye内斜视

eu-goodeugenics:studyofhowtoimprovethehumanracebygeneti

cselection优生学

ex-/exoutofexhale:tobreathout呼出

o-

extra-outsideextracapsular:outsideacapsule囊夕卜的

hemi-halfhemiplegia:severeparalysisaffectingonesideofthebody

偏瘫，半身麻痹，半身不遂

hydro-waterhydrocele:collectionofwateryliquidfoundinacavitysucha

sthescrotum阴囊积水

hyper-higherortoomuchhyperglycaemia:excessofglucoseintheblood高血糖症

hypo-lessortoolittlehypokalaemia:deficiencyofpotassiumintheblood低血钾

in-inorintoinbreeding:breedingbetweenacloselyrelatedmaleandfe

male近亲交配

in-notincoherent:notabletospeakinawaywhichmakessense语

无伦次

infra-beloworbeneathinfrapatellar:beloworbeneaththepatella版

inter-betweeninterlobular:betweenlobules小叶间的

intra-insideintramedullary:insidethebonemarroworspinalcord髓内

itro-intointrovert:personwhothinksonlyabouthimselfandhisown

mentalstate性格内向的人

mal-badorabnormalmalfunction:abnormalworkingofanargan机器等运转失

常；失灵；出现故障

meta-changesmetaplasia:changeofonetissuetoanother

化生，转化，组织变形

micro-verysmallmicrocyte:abnormallysmallredbloodcell/卜红名田胞

mid-middlemidcarpal:betweenthetworowsofcarpalbones腕骨间的

milli-onethousandthmilligram:unitofmeasurementofweight毫克

mis-errororwrongmiscarriage:spontaneousabortion流产

multi-manymultigravida:awomanwhoispregnantandhasbeenpregna

ntatleasttwicebefore经产孕妇

noct-atnightnocturia:passingabnormallylargequantityofurinewhenas

leepinbedatnight夜尿症

nona-nineortheninethnonagon:flatshapewhichhasninesides九边形

octa-eightoctan:everyeightdays八日热；每隔八日发一次的

odont-teethodontology:studyofteethandassociatedstructures,andth

eirdisorders

onco-tumoursoncology:scientificstudyofnewgowths肿瘤学

oro-mouthorolingual:pertainingtothemouthandtongue□与舌的

pachy-thickeningpachysomia:conditionwheresofttissuesofthebodybecom

eabnormallythick躯体肥厚

pali-/against;pathologicrepetitiopalindromic:(disease)whichrecurs

palin-n病态的重复复发的，再发的

pan-/pallpancytopenia:abnormaldepressionofallthecellulareleme

ant-/ntsoftheblodd全血细胞减少症

panto­

para-similartoornear;changedparalyseorparalyze:toweaken(muscles)sothattheycanno

orbeyondtfunction使麻痹，使瘫痪

pen-/fivepentosuria:excretionofpentosesintheurine

penta­戊糖尿

per-throughpercutaneous:doneoradministeredthroughtheskin经皮

的，由皮的

peri-aroundpericystitis:inflammationoftissuearoundthebladder膀胱

周炎

pero-deformedordefective畸形peromelia:congenitaldeformityofthelimbs

有缺陷的四肢不全

pharmdrugspharmacology:studyofdrugsormedicines,andtheiraction,

aco-propertiesandcharacteristics药理学，药物学

pleo-/toomanypleokaryocyte:conditionwhereagreaterthannormalnumb

pleio-erofcellsincerebrospinalfluid多核细胞

pluri-morepluriglandular:pertainingtooraffectingseveralglands多线

性的

pneumairorthelungs;breathingpneumonia:inflammationofalung

-/肺炎

pneun

mo-

poly-touchingmanyorganspolyphagia:conditionwhereapatienteatstoomuch;morbi

ddesireforeverykingoffood多食症，杂食症

post-afterorlaterpostprandial:afterameal餐后的

pre-beforeofinfrontofpremature:earlyorbeforethenormaltime过早的，早产

presbyoldagepresbyopia:anoldperson'ssightfailsgradually老花眼

pro-/beforeorinfrontofprognosis:predictionoftheoutcomeofadisease预测；预后

supin-lyingontheback

/bendforward

pron-

quadrifourquadrupletorquad:oneoffourbabiesborntoamotheratt

-/five/fifthhesametime四胞胎

quint­

radio-rayorradiationradiotherapy:treatingadiseasebyexposingtheaffectedpar

ttoradioactive放射疗法

semi-halfsemiptosis:thedownwardsaggingofhalforpartofanorgan

轻度睑下垂

sub-undersubmucous:underthemucousmembrane粘膜下层的；粘

膜下的

super-above;extremelysuperalbuminosis:abnormalincreaseofalbumin白蛋白过

夕多

syn-with;jointsyndesmosis:jointwheretheonesaretightlylinkedbyligam

ents韧带联合

supra-above;oversuprarenal:(situated)aboveakidney'肾上腺

tachy-fasttachycardia:rapidbeatingoftheheart心动过速

tetra-fourtetracycline:antibioticusedtotreatawiderangeofbacterial

diseases四环素

trans-across;through;beyondtransmission:thetransfer,asofadisease,fromonepersont

oanother传染

tri-threetricephalus:afetuswiththreeheads三头畸胎

ultra-beyond;excessultrasonics:thesciencedealingwithultrasonicsoundwaves

超声波学

uni-oneuniglandular:affectingonlyonegland单腺的

xen(o)-strange;foreignxenograft:agraftoftissuetransplantbetweenanimalsofdif

ferentspecies异种移植物

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aboundwith/in富于、充满...

absolvesb.from赦免某人的...

abstainfrom避开（免）...

accommodatesb.with向某人提供...

accommodateoneselfto适应...

accountfor说出（明）...原因

accusesb.of指责、控告某人...

acquaint…with/of把...通知某人

actfor代理……

acton对...起作川；按照行动

addupto合计达到...

adjustoneselfto使自己适应于...

admitof容许有...

advertisefor登广告寻求、寻找...

advisesb.ofsth.把某事通知某人

advisewithsb.onsth.同某人商量某事

agreewithsb./tosth.同意某人、某事

aimat瞄准、针对...

allowfor考虑到...,体谅

allowof容许，容得...

amountto相当于、等于...

answerfor负责、保证...

appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人提出呼吁

applytosb.forsth.请求某人...

appointsb.to任命、委任某人为...

approachsb.on/aboutsth.为某事同某人打交道

approveof对...满意

arguewith/againstsb.about/onsth.与某人辩论某事

arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做或不做某事

arisefrom由...而产生、而引起

arrangewithsb.for/aboutsth.与某人商定某事

askfor请求...；向耍；通过询问找

assesson/upon向...征税、罚款

assign…to把...分配给

assistsb.withsth./indoingsth.帮助某人做某事

assuresb.of使某人确信某事

attendto专心于...,注意

attribute…to把...归因（咎）于

availoneselfof利用...

awaketo认识到...

awara・・・to把...授予（判给）

bangsth.intosb.硬把某事灌输给某人

bargainondoingsth.商定做某事

beg…ofsb.请求某人...

begfor乞求...

believein信任...

belongto属于...

belongin/with/……应归于某类别、派别等

bid…tosb.向某人表示...

blamesth.onsb.把...归咎于某人

blazewithsth.燃烧；闪耀着;激发……

blowoff吹掉；将热水、蒸气等放掉

boilover发怒、激动

borrowsth.from/ofsb.向某人借...

bother…aboutsb.为...烦扰

botheraboutdoingsth./todosth.为做某事操心、烦恼

breakin闯入，打断

breakinon打扰、打断

breakoff折断；突然停止讲话；断绝

breakout战争、火灾等突然发生

breakup打碎，破碎；分裂；学校期末分散

bringabout造成、带来...

bringsb.backto使某人恢复到...

bringin生产，产出；引进风尚等

bringoff使成功；完成...

bringout使呈现出...；说出

bringthrough救活，使...渡过难关

bringto使...恢复知觉

buildon依赖、依靠……；把……建立于……

buildup树立、逐步建立...

burstinto闯入...；突然发作

burston/upon突然来到...

calculateon/upon指望着...,期待着

callfor需求、需要；为争取……而叫喊

calloff叫走……，把……叫开去

callon约请、指派……；号召、呼吁……

callup召唤、传讯...；使人想起

carefor/about关心、担心、介意、计较...

carryaway运走、拿走...

carryon把……进行下去；坚持下去

carryout突现、开展……；执行、贯彻……

castaboutfor寻觅...，想方设法

castaway丢掉、抛弃...

castdown使...沮丧；使下降

castoff抛弃...；使自由

catchat死命抓住……；渴望取得……

catchupwith赶上、追上...

cautionsb.againstdoingsth.警告某人不要做某事

ceasefromdoingsth.停止做某事

centre（•,,）on/upon（把...）集中于

challengesb.to…向某人提出...挑战

change…for…用...去换；换车、船到

change…into…把...变成

chargesb.withsth.与某人交换、调换...

chargesth.uponsb.把...归咎于某人

cheatsb.ofsth.骗取某人的...

cheatsb.into…哄骗某人...

checkup核对...，检验；检查

checkupwith与...相符合

chewover/upon深思，细想

choose…from/among/outof从...中拟K选

claimsth.from/ofsb.要求某人...

clashinto…猛撞在...

cleanout（把……）打扫干净、清除出去

cleanup（把...）收拾整洁，打扫干净

cleanupon击败...，胜过

dearoff清除……；摆脱烦恼等；走开

dearup整理、清除……；解除误会等

climbdown从...爬下；退让，服输、屈服

closedown工厂等关闭；（电台）停止播音

closein包围...,迫近

dosewith靠近...，逼近；接受

coherewith连贯、符合...

combine…with把与结合

comeabout发生

comeat袭击...；达到、得到

comedownin下来；降下；败落,没落

comedownon…（for…）（为...）向某人索要

comedownto流传至ij

comedownwith出（捐）多少钱

comeinfor接受遗产等；受到处分等

comeoutof由...出来、产生

comeoutwith发表、公布...；说出、提出

comethrough经历困难等；经历...而活着

cometo（oneself）（昏迷后）醒过来；醒悟过来

comeupagainst碰到困难、反对等

comeupto达到、符合...

comeupwith赶上...；提出

commendsth.tosb.把...交托给某人

commendsb.uponhis+n.表扬某人的...

commitsb,to+v—ingb(phr.)把某人提交给...；责成

某人做……

commitsb.for把某人押交...

communicatesth.tosb.把...通知给某人

communicatewithsb.by…用...和某人通讯

compare…with…把...和比较

comparewith…in…在...和相比较

compensatesb.for…因为...向某人赔偿

complainof/about抱怨...；诉苦；抗议

complaintosb.ofsth.向某人控诉...

complimentsb.onh