广东省阳江市高新区高一上学期1月期末英语试题

20232024学年度第一学期高一期末监测题英语本试卷共10页。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABEIJING—ChinesePresidentXiJinpingannouncedthatChinawilllaunchtheGlobalArtificialIntelligence(AI)GovernanceInitiative,whichpresentsaconstructiveapproachtoaddressinguniversalconcernsoverAIdevelopmentandgovernanceanddrewupblueprintsforrelevantinternationaldiscussionsandrulemaking,aforeignministryspokespersonsaidonWednesday.XimadetheannouncementinhiskeynotespeechattheopeningceremonyofthethirdBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation(BRF)inBeijingonWednesday.“ItispartofChina’sactiveefforttoadvancethevisionofamunitywithasharedfutureformankindandtheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative,theGlobalSecurityInitiativeandtheGlobalCivilizationInitiative,”thespokespersonsaid.AIisanewfrontierofhumandevelopment,anditeswithmajoropportunitiesandhardtopredictrisksandchallengesthatrequireglobalresponse,thespokespersonsaid.ThespokespersonsaidtheInitiativesystematicallyoutlinesChina’sproposalsonAIgovernancefromthreeaspects,namely,thedevelopment,securityandgovernanceofAI.ThecoreponentsoftheInitiativeare:WeshouldupholdapeoplecenteredapproachindevelopingAIandadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingAIforthegoodofhumanity,sothatAIisdevelopedinawaythatisbeneficialtohumanprogress;Weshouldupholdtheprinciplesofmutualrespect,equalityandmutualbenefitinAIdevelopment,andopposedrawingideologicallinesorformingexclusivegroupstoobstructothercountriesfromdevelopingAI;WeshouldpromotetheestablishmentofatestingandassessmentsystembasedonAIrisklevels,soastomakeAItechnologiesmoresecure,reliable,controllableandequitable;WesupporteffortstodevelopAIgovernanceframeworks,normsandstandardsbasedonbroadconsensusandwithfullrespectforpoliciesandpracticesamongcountries,andsupportdiscussionswithintheUnitedNationsframeworktoestablishaninternationalinstitutiontogovernAI;Effortsshouldbemadetoconductinternationalcooperationwithandprovideassistancetodevelopingcountries,tobridgethegapinAIanditsgovernancecapacity.“ChinastandsreadytohaveexchangesandpracticalcooperationwithallsidesonglobalAIgovernanceanddeliverbenefitforallhumanbeingsthroughAItechnology,”thespokespersonadded.1.WhatannouncementwasmadeaccordingtoParagraph1?A.RulesaboutAIcontrolinChina.B.AinitiativeaboutgoverningAIglobally.C.UniversalconcernsaboutAIdevelopment.D.DomesticplansforAIrulemaking.2.Wecanlearnfromthespokesmanthat__________.A.AIdevelopmentneedsglobalconcernsB.ChinahasmadeeveryefforttodevelopAIC.TheinitiativewaslaunchedrelatedtofouraspectsD.AIshouldadvancebasedontheneedsofrobots3.What’sChina’sattitudetowardsAIdevelopmentaccordingtothetext?A.Supportiveifit’sforhumankind.B.Indifferentifit’sforsomepeople’sbenefit.C.Disapprovedifitisnotforeducation.D.Neutralwhateveritis.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。中国外交部发言人周三表示，中国国家主席习近平宣布，中国将启动全球人工智能(AI)治理倡议。文章主要报道了中国外交部发言人的发言内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ChinesePresidentXiJinpingannouncedthatChinawilllaunchtheGlobalArtificialIntelligence(AI)GovernanceInitiative,whichpresentsaconstructiveapproachtoaddressinguniversalconcernsoverAIdevelopmentandgovernanceanddrewupblueprintsforrelevantinternationaldiscussionsandrulemaking,aforeignministryspokespersonsaidonWednesday.(中国外交部发言人周三表示，中国国家主席习近平宣布，中国将启动全球人工智能(AI)治理倡议，该倡议为解决人工智能发展和治理方面的普遍担忧提供了一种建设性的方式，并为相关的国际讨论和规则制定制定了蓝图。)”可知，第一段中，宣布了一项关于全球人工智能治理的倡议，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“AIisanewfrontierofhumandevelopment,anditeswithmajoropportunitiesandhardtopredictrisksandchallengesthatrequireglobalresponse,thespokespersonsaid.(这位发言人说，人工智能是人类发展的一个新前沿，它伴随着重大机遇和难以预测的风险和挑战，需要全球作出反应。)”可知，从发言人的发言中，我们可以得知，人工智能的发展需要全球关注，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ChinastandsreadytohaveexchangesandpracticalcooperationwithallsidesonglobalAIgovernanceanddeliverbenefitforallhumanbeingsthroughAItechnology.(中方愿与各方就全球人工智能治理开展交流与务实合作，通过人工智能技术造福全人类。)”可推知，中国愿意通过人工智能技术造福全人类，由此可推知，如果是为了人类的利益，那么中国对人工智能的发展是支持的，故选A。BIwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(残余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawidemouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.Beaten,butnotdefeated.Withindays,itwasimpossibletoseethecutswhereIhadremovedtheleaves.Thegrowthwasexplosive.AndwhenIliftedtheblossomingheadoutofthemug,tinyrootthreadsfelldown,seekingfortheearth.Whatisgrowinghere?Lettuceorhope?IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.Yetforthislettuce,myinadequateofferingofwaterandaplacebyawindowwasenoughforittodecidetoreclaimitselfagain.Itgrewinamugofwater,infaith.Thisistheheartofthislettuce:alive,strongandfearless.Itdeservedaname.IdecidedtocallitMonty.Montywantedtogrow,aswealldo.IthinkIgavehimalittleloveandfreedom.Thosetwoingredientswereallheneededtoreturntohimself.Iseejoyinthislettuce.Thereturntoselfisalwaysanexpressionofjoy,whichislifeitself.Withtherightingredients,thisisthetendencyofalllivingthings.Montystilllivesinamug,butI’mgoingtotransplanthimoutside.Hedeservestobeehisfullself.TheonlyproblemIseenowismycapacitytosupportMonty.IhopeIhaveenoughofagreenfinger.I’msurprisedtofindmyselfwhereIam.MaybeMontyis,too.Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:givein,orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettucefriend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.4.Whydidtheauthorputthestubinwater?A.Tohopethatitwouldgrow. B.Todecoratethenicemug.C.Toplayagame. D.Toremovehisbadmood.5.Whatisthefirstsignoflifeintheauthor’seyes?A.Theremainingstub. B.Thesmallleaf.C.Thedisappearingcuts. D.Thetinyrootthreads.6.Howwouldtheauthorfeelifinthelettuce’ssituation?A.Hesitant. B.Fearless. C.Confident. D.Annoyed.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Enjoyyourownlifetothefullest B.BelieveinyourselfwhenintroubleC.Neverbeafraidtorestartyourself D.Givefreedomtotheheartinaway【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者将生菜残余部分放在水中，生菜努力生长故事。故事启发作者要勇于重新开始。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Iwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(残余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawidemouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.(我正在厨房切莴苣，突然想起看过一个视频，讲的是把生菜残余部分放在水里种出一种全新的蔬菜。于是我拿出一个宽口马克杯，把烟头放进去，浇了一点水，放在窗边。)”可知，作者把生菜残余部分放进杯子里是希望它能生长。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.(在一个下雪的早晨，我注意到了第一个迹象。从在它中心冒出来第一片小叶子。一面小小的充满希望的绿色旗子。)”可知，作者眼里的生命的第一个迹象是一片小叶子。故选B项。6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.(如果我是一棵处于类似状况的生菜，我会在全身心投入到全面成长之前，怀疑地评估一下自己所处的位置。)”可知，作者如果是一棵处于类似状况的生菜，会怀疑自己的状况，会感到犹豫。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:givein,orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettucefriend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.(我和他有同样的选择：要么放弃，要么重新开始。重新开始的前景令人沮丧。但是我的生菜朋友Monty在前面带路。我只希望能像你一样勇敢。)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者将生菜残余部分放在水中，生菜努力生长的故事。故事启发作者要勇于重新开始。C“永远不要害怕重新开始自己”符合主题，故选C项。CAntibiotics,whichcandestroyorpreventthegrowthofbacteriaandcureinfections,arevitaltomodernmedicine.Theirabilitytokillbacteriawithoutharmingthepatienthassavedbillionsoflivesandmadesurgicalproceduresmuchsafer.Butafterdecadesofoveruse,theirpowersarefading.Somebacteriahaveevolvedresistance,creatingagrowingarmyofsuperbugs,againstwhichthereislittleeffectivetreatment.Antimicrobial(抗菌的)resistance,expectedtokill10millionpeopleayearby2050upfromaround1millionin2019,hasbeenseenasacrisisbymany.Itwouldbeunwisetorelyonnewantibioticstosolvetheproblem.Therateatwhichresistanceemergesisincreasing.Somenewdrugslastonlytwoyearsbeforebacteriadevelopresistance.Whennewantibioticsdoarrive,doctorsoftenstorethem,usingthemonlyreluctantlyandforshortperiodswhenfacedwiththemostpersistentinfections.Thatlimitssales,makingnewantibioticsanunappealingideaformostdrugfirms.Governmentshavebeentryingtofixtheproblembychannelingcashintoresearchindrugfirms.Thathasproducedonlylimitedimprovements.Butthereisaphenomenonworthalook.Microbiologistshaveknownfordecadesthatdiseasecausingbacteriacansufferfromillnessesoftheirown.Theyaresupersensitivetoattacksbyphages,specializedvirusesthatinfectbacteriaandoftenkillthem.Phagesareconsideredapromisingalternativetoantibiotics.Usingonediseasecausingvirustofightbacteriahasseveraladvantages.Likeantibiotics,phagesonlytendtochooseparticulartargets,leavinghumancellsaloneastheyinfectanddestroybacterialones.Unlikeantibiotics,phagescanevolvejustasreadilyasbacteriacan,meaningthatevenifbacteriadodevelopresistance,phagesmaybeabletoevolvearoundtheminturn.That,atleast,isthetheory.Thetroublewithphagesisthatparativelylittleisknownaboutthem.Afterthediscoveryofpenicillin,thefirstantibiotic,in1928,theywerelargelyignoredintheWest.Giventheseverityoftheantibioticresistanceproblem,itwouldbeagoodideatofindoutmoreaboutthem.Thefirststepistorunmoreclinicaltrials.InterestfromWesternfirmsisgrowing.Butitisbeingheldbackbythefactthatphagesareanevenlessappealinginvestmentthanantibiotics.Sincetheyarenaturallivingthings,theremaybetroublepatentingthem,makingithardtorecoveranyinvestment.Governmentscanhelpfundbasicresearchintophagetreatmentandclarifythelawaroundexactlywhatisandisnotpatentable.Intimetheycansetupphagebankssoastomakeproductioncheaper.Andtheycanspreadawarenessoftherisksofoverusingantibiotics,andthepotentialbenefitsofphages.8.Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1and2that.A.doctorstendtousenewantibioticswhenthepatientsaskforthemB.antimicrobialresistanceisdevelopingmorerapidlythanpredictedC.newantibioticsfailtoattractdrugfirmsduetolimiteduseofthemD.previousantibioticsareeffectiveinsolvingmodernhealthproblems9.Whatisphages’advantageoverantibiotics?A.Theycanincreasehumancellswhenfightingbacteria.B.Theyarenotparticularaboutwhichcellstoinfectandkill.C.Theycanevolveaccordinglywhenbacteriadevelopresistance.D.Theyaretoosensitivetobeinfectedbydiseasecausingbacteria.10.Accordingtothepassage,theobstacletophagetreatmentisthat.A.thereislittlechanceofpatentingphagesinthefutureB.governmentsprovidefinancialsupportforotherresearchC.theemergenceofsuperbugsholdsbackdrugfirms’interestD.overdependenceonantibioticsdistractsattentionfromphages11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Governmentsfailtostoptheuseofantibiotics.B.Phagescouldhelppreventanantibioticscrisis.C.Developmentofantibioticsislimitedbyphages.D.Antimicrobialresistancecallsfornewantibiotics.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whennewantibioticsdoarrive,doctorsoftenstorethem,usingthemonlyreluctantlyandforshortperiodswhenfacedwiththemostpersistentinfections.Thatlimitssales,makingnewantibioticsanunappealingideaformostdrugfirms.(当新的抗生素出现时，医生通常会把它们储存起来，在面对最持久的感染时，他们只是不情愿地短期使用它们。这限制了销售，使得新抗生素对大多数制药公司来说是一个没有吸引力的想法)”可知，由于使用有限，新型抗生素无法吸引制药公司。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Unlikeantibiotics,phagescanevolvejustasreadilyasbacteriacan,meaningthatevenifbacteriadodevelopresistance,phagesmaybeabletoevolvearoundtheminturn.(与抗生素不同，噬菌体可以像细菌一样迅速进化，这意味着即使细菌产生耐药性，噬菌体也可以反过来在细菌周围进化)”可知，噬菌体相对于抗生素的优势是当细菌产生耐药性时，它们会相应地进化。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thetroublewithphagesisthatparativelylittleisknownaboutthem.Afterthediscoveryofpenicillin,thefirstantibiotic,in1928,theywerelargelyignoredintheWest.Giventheseverityoftheantibioticresistanceproblem,itwouldbeagoodideatofindoutmoreaboutthem.(噬菌体的问题在于，人们对它们的了解相对较少。1928年，第一种抗生素青霉素被发现后，它们在西方基本上被忽视了。考虑到抗生素耐药性问题的严重性，找到更多关于它们的信息将是一个好主意)”可知，噬菌体治疗的障碍是对抗生素的过度依赖分散了对噬菌体的关注。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Antibiotics,whichcandestroyorpreventthegrowthofbacteriaandcureinfections,arevitaltomodernmedicine.Theirabilitytokillbacteriawithoutharmingthepatienthassavedbillionsoflivesandmadesurgicalproceduresmuchsafer.Butafterdecadesofoveruse,theirpowersarefading.Somebacteriahaveevolvedresistance,creatingagrowingarmyofsuperbugs,againstwhichthereislittleeffectivetreatment.Antimicrobial(抗菌的)resistance,expectedtokill10millionpeopleayearby2050upfromaround1millionin2019,hasbeenseenasacrisisbymany.(抗生素对现代医学至关重要，它可以消灭或阻止细菌的生长，并治愈感染。它们在不伤害病人的情况下杀死细菌的能力挽救了数十亿人的生命，并使外科手术更加安全。但经过几十年的过度使用，它们的力量正在减弱。一些细菌已经进化出了耐药性，产生了越来越多的超级细菌，而目前几乎没有有效的治疗方法。抗微生物药物耐药性被许多人视为一场危机。预计到2050年，每年将导致1000万人死亡，而2019年约为100万人)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广，所以本文的主旨是噬菌体可以帮助预防抗生素危机。故选B。DTonallanguagesusepitch(音调)todistinguishwordsthatotherwisemightsoundthesame.InMandarin,forinstance,mămeanshorsewhereasmãmeansmother.NontonallanguageslikeSpanishsometimesincludepitchchangestosuggestemotion,forexample,butnottochangeaword’smeaning.AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthecrossover(融合)betweenlanguageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethemusicalabilitiesofnearlyhalfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonlinegameinwhichparticipantspletedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesatdifferentpitchesandfindingbeattracksthatfitsongs’rhythms.Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswerebetteratthemelodytaskparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn’tsmallatonalfirstlanguagestrengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,whichwasalsosurveyed.Buttonallanguagesspeakerstendedtobeworseattherhythmtask.Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatternsarequiteimportantintonallanguages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic.“You’vegotafiniteresourceofattention,andyou’vegottodivideupthatsomehow,”saysstudycoauthorCourtneyHilton,ascientistattheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealand.Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftenparedjusttwotongues,usuallyEnglishandMandarin.Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,couldhaveaffectedresults.Byexaminingawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesneverestimatedinthiswayandreachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.“Ourresulthereisshowingthatthelanguagesomeonespeakswhichisanimportantpartofculture—alsoshapescognition,”Hiltonsays.12.WhydidLiu’scolleagueslaunchtheonlinegame?A.Toattractmorestudentstodotheresearch.B.Tolearnaboutdifferentpeople’smusicalabilities.C.Toconfirmtheroleofmusicinpeople’slanguagelearning.D.Tofindthedifferencebetweentonallanguagesandnontonalones.13.Whatwerenativespeakersoftonallanguagesbetteratthanthoseofnontonallanguages?A.Findingbeattracks. B.Suggestingemotion.C.Distinguishingwordmeanings. D.Figuringoutmatchingmelodies.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“finite”inparagraph4mean?A.Valued. B.Limited. C.Special. D.Potential.15.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiu’sstudy?A.Groundbreaking. B.Brainwashing. C.Inefficient. D.Unreliable.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了一项新的研究发现，声调语言的人比非声调语言的人在音乐旋律任务上表现得更好，在节奏任务中表现更差。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthecrossover(融合)betweenlanguageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethemusicalabilitiesofnearlyhalfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonlinegameinwhichparticipantspletedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesatdifferentpitchesandfindingbeattracksthatfitsongs’rhythms.(作为一名讲普通话的音乐家，刘静轩对语言和音乐之间的交叉感到好奇。在杜克大学学习期间，刘帮助分析了来自203个国家的近50万人的音乐能力。她的同事们推出了一个在线游戏，参与者要完成几个音乐任务，包括识别不同音高的匹配旋律，找到适合歌曲节奏的节拍)”可知，刘的同事们为推出这款网络游戏是为了了解不同的人的音乐能力。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswerebetteratthemelodytaskparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn’tsmallatonalfirstlanguagestrengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,whichwasalsosurveyed.(平均而言，19种声调语言的母语人士比29种非声调语言的母语人士在旋律任务上表现得更好。而且效果并不小，一门有音调的第一语言对旋律理解的增强效果大约是音乐课的一半，这也是调查的结果)”可知，母语为声调语言的人比母语为非声调语言的人更擅长找出匹配的旋律。故选D项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatternsarequiteimportantintonallanguages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic.(人类必须对自己关注的东西有所选择。音高模式在声调语言中非常重要，这也许可以解释音乐中的平衡行为)”说明，人类必须对他们所关注的东西有选择性，从而推知划线词句“You’vegotafiniteresourceofattention,andyou’vegottodivideupthatsomehow(你的注意力资源是finite，你必须以某种方式分配它)”其中划线词应为“有限的”的意思，与B项Limited“有限的”同义。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftenparedjusttwotongues,usuallyEnglishandMandarin.Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,couldhaveaffectedresults.Byexaminingawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesneverestimatedinthiswayandreachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.(之前关于语言和音乐的研究通常只比较两种语言，通常是英语和普通话。但其他文化影响，如东西方音乐风格，可能会影响结果。通过对大范围人群的调查，这项新研究包括了从未以这种方式估计过的语言，并得出了更普遍的结论)”可推知，刘的研究是开创性的。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。LifelonglearningandtheFutureofWork:ChallengesandOpportunitiesOurworldisundergoingdramaticandtransformativechangetechnological,organizational,andclimaticpresentingnewchallengestothefutureofwork.Theseglobaltrendsarehavingasignificantimpactonskills.____16____.Thatisbecauseskillsacquiredtodaymayquicklybeeobsolete(淘汰的).TheconceptoflifelonglearninghasbeenaroundfordecadesandtheILO(InternationalLabourOrganization)hasadoptednumerousnormativeinstrumentsandpoliciesrelatedtolifelonglearning.____17____.Intheolddays,wecouldsaylet’sgotoschool,getqualifiedforajob,enterthelabourmarketandthat’sthejoboflearningdone.Now,peopleneedtolearnhowtolearnbecauselearningisgoingtobeafeatureofthetransitionstheyaregoingtogothroughthroughouttheirlives.Lifelonglearningaffectsusall.____18____,fromearlychildhoodandbasiceducationtoadultlearningandupskillingtotakeadvantageofchange.Itisaglobalconceptapplyingtodevelopedanddevelopingeconomies.Anditrequirestheactiveengagementandsupportofgovernments,employersandworkers.____19____?There’snoonesizefitsallstrategy.Buttherearethingswecando.Developfoundationalandcoreworkskills.Improvevocationalguidanceandlabourmarketdata.Recognizebothformalandinformalskillslearning.Improvecoordinationandensureequitable(公平的)accesstolearning.Ultimately,lifelonglearningisthekeyforpeopletobeabletobenefitfromnewwaysofworking.____20____.A.DoIneedtobeactiveinlifelonglearningB.Manyoftoday’sskillswon’tmatchtomorrow’sjobsC.HowdoweadaptlifelonglearningtoournewrealityD.ItiscentraltomanagingthetransitionswefaceoverthelifecycleE.AnditwilllightthepathonourjourneytoabrighterfutureatworkF.ItiseasytosaythatpeopleneedtokeeplearningthroughouttheircareersG.Butthetransformativechangehappeningnowisreshapingitsdefinitionsandgivingitnewimportance【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.C20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了终身学习与工作的未来将要面临的挑战与机遇。【16题详解】根据后文“Thatisbecauseskillsacquiredtodaymayquicklybeeobsolete(淘汰的).(这是因为今天获得的技能可能很快就会过时)”可知，后文提到了今天获得的技能可能很快就会过时，是原因，本空格处应该是结果，即本句是在说明技能和工作不匹配的情况。故B选项“今天的许多技能与明天的工作不匹配”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“TheconceptoflifelonglearninghasbeenaroundfordecadesandtheILO(InternationalLabourOrganization)hasadoptednumerousnormativeinstrumentsandpoliciesrelatedtolifelonglearning.(终身学习的概念已经存在了几十年，国际劳工组织通过了许多与终身学习有关的规范性文书和政策)”以及后文“Intheolddays,wecouldsaylet’sgotoschool,getqualifiedforajob,enterthelabourmarketandthat’sthejoboflearningdone.Now,peopleneedtolearnhowtolearnbecauselearningisgoingtobeafeatureofthetransitionstheyaregoingtogothroughthroughouttheirlives.(在过去，我们会说，让我们去上学，获得工作资格，进入劳动力市场，这就是学习的工作。现在，人们需要学会如何学习，因为学习将成为他们一生中所经历的转变的一个特征)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出终身学习的概念正在发生改变，故G选项“但是现在发生的变革正在重塑它的定义，并赋予它新的重要性”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Lifelonglearningaffectsusall.(终身学习影响着我们所有人)”和“fromearlychildhoodandbasiceducationtoadultlearningandupskillingtotakeadvantageofchange(从幼儿和基础教育到利用变化的成人学习和提高技能。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明终身学习是如何影响着我们所有人的。故D选项“它是管理我们在生命周期中所面临的转变的核心”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“There’snoonesizefitsallstrategy.Buttherearethingswecando.Developfoundationalandcoreworkskills.Improvevocationalguidanceandlabourmarketdata.Recognizebothformalandinformalskillslearning.Improvecoordinationandensureequitable(公平的)accesstolearning.(没有放之四海而皆准的策略。但我们还是有办法的。发展基础和核心工作技能。完善职业指导和劳动力市场数据。承认正式和非正式的技能学习。加强协调，确保公平的学习机会)”可知，后文提到了有办法，可知本句是在提出关于学习适应现实的问题。结合空格后的问号，故C选项“我们如何使终身学习适应新的现实”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Ultimately,lifelonglearningisthekeyforpeopletobeabletobenefitfromnewwaysofworking.(最终，终身学习是人们能够从新的工作方式中受益的关键)”可知，本段为文章最后一段，再次强调终身学习的重要性，E选项中it指代上文lifelonglearning。故E选项“它将照亮我们通往更光明未来的工作之路”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thecallersaidshewasintroubleandthathecouldhelp.Mom____21____itandlostthousandsofdollars.Ittookusmonthstorecoverhermoneyandher____22____.OneAprilmorning,mymother’sphonerang.Themanthatgreetedhersounded____23____“Someonehas___24___toyourbankaccountsandcantakeallyourmoney.”Thewarmvoicewasexactlywhatshebadly____25____duringherisolationfromthemunityduetoCOVID19.Themansaidheneededinformationtoensurethemoneywassafeandshetriedtofollowhis____26____thoughherbraininjurymadeitratherhard.Heexplainedslowlywhattodoandhourslater,shesaidshehadtorelieveherself.“OK,butStayontheline____27____wewillloseourprogress.”Thenshe____28____thephoneontheshelfinthebathroom.Suddenlythephonebuzzedwithatextitwasmyfather,checkingin.Shetypedbacktherewasaproblem,butshewas____29____it.Thenshe____30____outherworn,printedoutpacketofpasswordsfromapileofbooksandenteredthem.MyMomthoughtshehadlaboredforhoursprotectingherfamily.____31____,thescammer(诈骗犯)hadtakenawayherpersonalinformationandmoney.Afterlearningthetruth,mymothersoughtto____32____theconversationswiththescammerbutjustsaid,“Ican’tremember.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Thiswassostupid.”Itrieddifferentmeansand____33____gotthemoneyback.Wedidn’tblameherastheinternalshamemymomfeltcouldturnintosomethingmore____34____depressionandevensuicide.Theotherdaymydadmentioned,“Youknow,anotherscammercalledyourmama.Shedidtherightthing,though.Shehunguponhimandcalledme.”MymomwassmilingatmeandIknewshewas____35____.21.A.brokeoff B.tookin C.referredto D.fellfor22.A.guilt B.dignity C.awareness D.memory23.A.angry B.concerned C.incredible D.doubtful24.A.access B.relation C.approaches D.entrances25.A.denied B.requested C.missed D.ignored26.A.movements B.footsteps C.inquiries D.instructions27.A.so B.and C.while D.or28.A.passed B.parked C.posed D.paused29.A.following B.challenging C.fixing D.finishing30.A.dug B.figured C.worked D.left31.A.Hence B.Instead C.Moreover D.Afterwards32.A.recall B.remind C.memorize D.maintain33.A.initially B.particularly C.eventually D.obviously34.A.mon B.reasonable C.tolerable D.damaging35.A.off B.down C.back D.away【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.A25.C26.D27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者母亲被骗的故事，描述了她接到骗子并失去了大笔钱财，最终通过努力挽回损失并重新振作的过程。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈上当了，损失了几千美元。A.brokeoff折断；B.tookin吸收；C.referredto提到；D.fellfor上……的当。根据前文“Thecallersaidshewasintroubleandthathecouldhelp.”以及后文“lostthousandsofdollars”可知，有人打给妈妈说可以帮助她，结果损失几千美元，所以是上当受骗了。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们花了几个月的时间才恢复了她的财产和尊严。A.guilt内疚；B.dignity尊严；C.awareness意识；D.memory记忆。根据前文“Mom1itandlostthousandsofdollars.”可知，妈妈是被骗了，结合选项，应是找回钱和尊严符合语境。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：跟她通话的那个人听起来很担心：“有人可以进入你的银行账户，拿走你所有的钱。”A.angry生气的；B.concerned担心的；C.incredible难以置信的；D.doubtful可疑的。根据后文“Thewarmvoice”可知，男人的声音很温暖，以及“Someonehas4toyourbankaccountsandcantakeallyourmoney.”可知是和钱有关，所以男人的声音应是听起来很为母亲担心。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：跟她通话的那个人听起来很担心：“有人可以进入你的银行账户，拿走你所有的钱。”A.access有权进入；B.relation关系；C.approaches方法；D.entrances入口。根据后文“yourbankaccounts”可知，应是固定搭配：accessto意为“访问、有权进入”，即“有人可以访问你的银行账户”符合语境。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：温暖的声音正是她在因新冠肺炎被隔离期间所怀念的。A.denied否认；B.requested请求；C.missed思念；D.ignored忽视。根据后文“duringherisolationfromthemunityduetoCOVID19”可知，妈妈因为新冠被隔离，应该很久没和人交流，所以温暖的声音正是她怀念的。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名男子说他需要信息来确保财产的安全，她试图按照他的指示去做，尽管她的脑部受伤让她很难做到。A.movements运动；B.footsteps足迹；C.