高二下学期开学收心卷01（英语）(原卷版)

20232024学年高二下学期开学收心卷01英语总分：150分考试时间：120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应项目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)1.Whatwouldthemanliketoorder?A.Acupoftea. B.Someapplejuice. C.Somecoffee.2.Whichprogramdoesthemanlikebest?A.News. B.History. C.Sports.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesgirlandcustomer. B.Passengeranddriver. C.Wifeandhusband.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank. B.Inadepartmentstore. C.Inaticketoffice.5.Whendidthefireprobablybreakout?A.Atabout7. B.Atabout8. C.Atabout9.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoestheman’sfriendwanttodrink?A.Milkwithsugar. B.Orangejuice. C.Coffeewithmilk.7.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.10yuan. B.90yuan. C.100yuan.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhodidFredhaveafightwithlastnight?A.Astorekeeper. B.Apoliceman. C.Hisbrother.9.WhereisFrednow?A.Inthepolicestation. B.Inthehospital. C.Athome,听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.WhosehouseisthegirlgoingtoonSunday?A.Mary’s. B.Susie’s. C.Jenny’s.11.WhatwillthegirlprobablydoonFriday?A.Seeamovie. B.Goshopping. C.Watchabasketballgame.12.Whydoesthegirlwantherfathertobuyanewbackpackforher?A.Herbackpackislost. B.Herbackpackisbroken. C.Herbackpackisfullofbooks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.InwhichplacedidLisafindthewallet?A.Apark. B.Aparkinglot. C.Ashoppingmall.14.Whatisinsidethewallet?A.Aphotoofaperson.B.SomepaperandanIDcard.C.Somemoneyandbusinesscards.15.Whodoesthewalletprobablybelongto?A.Abusinessman. B.Anoldlady. C.Aschoolboy.16.HowwillLisagetintouchwiththewallet’sowner?A.Byaskingthepoliceforhelp.B.Bymakingatelephonecall.C.Bywaitingwhereshefoundthewallet.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whomentionedinthespeechusecamelsintheirsports?A.Americans. B.TheArabs. C.Chinesepeople.18.Whichsporthasthelongesthistory?A.Volleyball. B.Basketball, C.Running.19.Howoldisvolleyballsport?A.Lessthan200years. B.About300years. C.Over1,000years.20.Whatoftenesoutofagameinthespeaker’sopinion?A.Friendship. B.Indignity. C.War.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分42.5分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A湖南省百校大联考20232024年高二12月考试英语试题FourInventionsThatChangedtheWorldThecourseofhumanevolutionhasbeenfilledwithinventions.Thefollowinginventionschangedtheworldinonewayoranother.MatchManyofuswonderwhatlifewaslikebeforematches.WecanthankaBritishpharmacistandhisdirtymixingstick.In1820s,JohnWalkernoticedadriedlumpontheendofastickwhilehewasstirringamixofchemicals.Whenhetriedtoscrape(刮掉)itoff,flamesappeared.Theinitialmatchesweremadeofcardboardbutsoonthematchescameinaboxequippedwithapieceofsandpaperforstriking.PenicillinPenicillinwasdiscoveredin1928whenayoungbacteriologist,AlexanderFleming,wastidyinguphislab.Afterhavingbeenonvacation,hereturnedtoworktofindthatadishofStaphylococcusbacteriahadbeenleftuncovered,andhenoticedthatmould(霉菌)ontheculturehadkilledmanyofthebacteria.Hisfurtherresearchfoundthatitcouldkillotherbacteria.MicrowaveOvenOfallthescifikitchenappliances,themicrowaveovenreallyrelievestheloadonhousewives.Itwasdiscoveredinthe1940s.WhenPercySpencer,anengineer,wasworkingonamagnetron(磁控管),henoticedthatachocolatebarinhispockethadstartedtomeltduetothemicrowaves.Spencerfoundthatindeed,whenfoodwasplacedintheboxwiththemicrowaveenergy,itcookedquickly.PlasticThefirstplasticwasinventedin1907byLeoHendrikBaekeland.Hisinitialquestwastoinventareadyreplacementforshellac(虫胶),anexpensiveproductgotfromlacbeetles.Baekelandbinedformaldehyde(甲醛)withawasteproductofcoal,andheatedthemixture.Ratherthanashellaclikematerial,hecreatedasubstancethatdidn’tmeltunderheatandstress.21.Whoinventedmatches?A.JohnWalker. B.AlexanderFleming.C.PercySpencer. D.LeoHendrikBaekeland.22.WhathadLeoHendrikBaekelandoriginallyintendedtoinvent?A.Ashellaclikematerial. B.Aproductfromlacbeetles.C.Areplacementforshellac. D.Awasteproductofcoal.23.Whatdothefourinventionshaveinmon?A.Theyweretheresultsofjointefforts. B.Theyweretheaccidentaldiscoveries.C.Theywerethefruitsofyearsofresearch. D.Theywereunacceptedwheningout.B(江苏省苏州市第十中学2023—2024学年高二上学期12月月考)JeffJensenwasinadilemma(困境).Hewashobbled(跛行)bypainfulnervedamageinhislegandfoot.Heneededsurgery,buthedoubtedifhecouldaffordit,evenwithinsurance.“There’snothingmoredepressingthanseeingabillfor182,024,000dollarsandgoing,‘Howmuchofthiswillmyinsurancecoverandhowmuchisminetocover?’”JensentoldWWAYTV.LuckilyforJensen,hisdoctorisDemetrioAguila.ThenervespecialistgivespatientsathisHealingHandsofNebraskapracticeinPapilliontheoptiontopayforsurgerythroughvolunteerwork.HecallsithisM25Program,inspiredbythewordsfromafamousbook.“Wecan’tignorethepeopleinourownbackyard,”AguilatoldCBS.“Wewanttobeabletoofferhopetopatientswhohavelosthopemedically.”Usinganalgorithm(算法),thecliniccalculatesmunityservicehoursbasedonthepriceofthesurgery.InJensen’scase,the$12,000operationequaled560hoursofhelpingoutatoneofthelocalcharitableorganizationsregisteredwiththeM25Program.Like10percentofAguila’spatients,Jensenchosethemunityservice.Andbecausehundredsofhoursofmunityservicecanseemdepressing,Aguila,50,notonlyletsothershelp,butheencouragesit.“Ihadthishopethatwewouldremotivateourneighborsandourselvesasenseofvolunteerism,”hetoldCNN.Jensen,whosesurgerywaspletedinFebruary2020,washelpedbymorethan100friendsandstrangerswhovolunteeredatOrphanGrainTrain,whichdonatesfood,clothing,andmedicinenationallyandglobally.CountDaveHarveyfounderofthehomelessaidorganizationLeastofMyBrethren,istheonewhoisadmiredbyAguila,“He’shelpingusbysendingvolunteersourway.”hetoldKMTVinOmaha.“Whatacoolthing.”24.WhatputJeffJenseninadilemma?A.Thenervedamage. B.Themedicalinsurance. C.Thepriceofthesurgery. D.Themunityservice.25.WhathelpdidAguilareallyoffertohispatientJonsen?A.Awaytohelpcoverhismedicalbills. B.Financialhelptocoverhismedicalbills.C.Achancetohelpservehismunities. D.Afreesurgerytotreathisnervedamage.26.WhydoesDr.AguilastarttheM25Program?A.Toadvertiseforthehospital. B.Towinrespectfromhispatients.C.Topromotetheconceptofdonation. D.Tosowtheseedsofvoluntaryworkinpeople.27.WhatisHarvey’sattitudetowardsAguila’sM25Program?A.Critical. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.C(江苏省苏南八校20232024学年高二上学期12月联考英语)Inhabitatsacrosstheplanet,animalsperiodicallydropeverythingtowalk,flyorswimtoanewplace.Someanimalssuchaswhalesandgeeselearnmigrationpathsbyfollowingtheirparents.Others,includingsmallsongbirds,gainthedistanceanddirectionoftheirmigrationwithintheirgeneticcode.Andsomeanimalsuseabinationofgeneticsandculturetoguidetheirmigration.Anothergroupofmigratorsdoesnotquitefiteithermodel,andresearchershaveonlyrecentlystartedtofigureouthowtheyfindtheirway.TheCory’sshearwaterisanoceangoingseabirdthatmigratesovertheAtlanticeveryyear.Theyoungdonotmigratewiththeirparents,soculturecannotexplaintheirjourneys.Andtheexactpathsvarywildlyfromindividualtoindividual,makinggeneticsequallyunlikely.Cory’sshearwatersarelonglived,rarelyproducingyoungsuccessfullybeforeagenine.Thisleavesanopeningforlearningandpracticetodeveloptheirmigrationpatterns.Researcherscallthisthe“explorationrefinement”,anduntilnowithasbeenhypothetical(假设的)becauseofdifficultiesintrackingmigratoryanimals’movements.Butateamofresearchershasdonethatbyattachingsmallgeolocatorstomorethan150ofthebirdsagedfourtonine.Theyfoundthatyoungerbirdstraveledlongerdistances,forlongerperiods,andhadmorediversepathsthanolderbirds.“Wefinallyhaveevidenceofthe‘explorationrefinement’formigratorybirds,”saysLetiziaCampioni,wholedthestudy.YoungerCory’sshearwatersareabletoflyjustasfastastheadults——buttheydonot,suggestingthattheyoungdomoreexploring,whichgraduallyfadesastheymatureandsettleintoapreferredcourse.“Althoughitmayseemlessefficientthanotherstrategies,explorationrefinementcouldbebeneficialtobirdsandotherorganismsinarapidlychangingworldduetounpredictablemanmadechanges,”saysBarbaraFrei.“Itmightbesafertorepeatabehaviorthatwasrecentlysuccessfulthantorelyonpatternsthatwereperfectedlongagobutmightnolongerbesafe.”28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Itdescribesanimals’habitats. B.Itparesdifferentspecies.C.Ittalksaboutmigrationmodels. D.Itintroducesatrackingtechnology.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3referto?A.Theopeningforlearningandpractice.B.TheuniquelivinghabitofCory’sshearwaters.C.TheprocessscientiststrackCory’sshearwaters’movements.D.ThewayCory’sshearwatersformtheirmigrationpatterns.30.WhatdoesLetizia’sstudyfindabouttheyoungerCory’sshearwaters?A.Theytravelasmuchasadultbirds. B.Theylowerthespeedforexploration.C.Theymoveinapredictablemanner. D.Theylookforacoursewiththeirparents.31.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Explorationrefinementcontributestobirds’adaptability.B.Manmadechangesmakemigrationeasier.C.Animalsmakeasaferjourneyviaafixedtrack.D.AbinationofstrategiesassuresmigrationsuccessD(山东省临沂市部分学校20232024学年高二上学期12月联考英语试题)Thesoundofchildren’slaughterisnotsomethingyouoftenhearatahospital.YetinthehallwaysofChildren’sHealthofOrangeCounty(CHOCHospital)inOrange,California,thejoyoussoundofkidshavingfunwillsoonbeamonoccurrence.That’sbecauseHondateamedupwiththehospitaltocreateafirstofitskindelectriccarmadejustforkids!Shogoisthechildsizedelectricrideoncar,whichwasbuiltbyHondathroughtheircharitable“ProjectCourage”,aninitiativeaimedataddingsomemuchneededhappinesstothedaysofchildrenbattlingwithseriousillnessesinhospital.ShogowasmadeentirelybyHonda’sengineers,andthey’reincrediblyproudofit.ThecarhasbeenusedatCHOCinplaceofwheelchairs.Now,patientscandrivethemselvestotheirtreatmentsinvariouspartsofthehospital,givingthemareasontolookforwardtotheseproceduresinsteadofdreadingthem.Shogoismeantforchilddriversaged4through9.Thecarhasasimplestop/gomechanismtheycaneasilyuse,andit’scapableofgoingaboutonetofivemilesperhour.Don’tworry,though;thespeediscontrollednotbythekidsbutbyanurseorcaregiverwalkingalongsidethecar.Safetywasatthetopoftheengineers’mindswhenmakingShogo.Besides,thevehiclehasnodoorssokidscaneasilygetinandout,asofttothetouchinteriorthatcanbewashedtostaysanitary(卫生的)inahospitalsetting,anditesequippedwithanI.V.poleholder.There’sevenatoyholderandahornwithdifferentsoundoptions,andkidscancreatetheirowncustomlicenseplateforthebuiltinholder.Sofar,everypatientwhohastriedShogohasabsolutelylovedit!Whatafantasticinvention!There’snothingmorebeautifulthanthesoundofkidshavingfun,andwe’resodelightedthatcaregiversatCHOCwillgettohearthatsoundmoreoftenfromnowon.32.WhydoesHondabuildShogowithCHOCHospital?A.Toimprovetheservicequalityofnurses.B.Toinitiatethecharitable“ProjectCourage”.C.Tomakehospitalstaymorefunforsickkids.D.Tohelppatientsknowtheirtreatmentprocedures.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dreading”meaninparagraph3?A.Beingbusywith. B.Beingafraidof. C.Catchingupwith. D.Takingcontrolof.34.WhatcanhelpkeepchilddriverssafewhentheydrivetheShogo?A.Thelittlepatients’drivinglicense. B.Theadvancedequipmentonthecar.C.ThedesignbytheHonda’sengineers. D.Thepanyofanurseoracaregiver.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.Shogocanbeeasilycontrolledbythechilddrivers.B.Shogocanofferatinypatientapleasantexperience.C.MoreShogoeswillbeusedinplaceofwheelchairs.D.Honda’sengineersareproudofthedesignofShogo.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(江苏省南通市海安市实验中学20232024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题)Campingessentials(必需品)Campingcanbeafunandcheapfamilyactivityorvacation.Butyoudoneedquiteafewsuppliestomanagelifeinthegreatoutdoors.___36___.Andremembertocheckyourcampingessentials.TentUnlessyou’resleepingunderthestarsoryouhaveacamperoranRV,don’tforgettheobviousone:atent!Checkthemeasurementsanduserreviewswhenyouarebuyingone.SleepingBagandPillowEveniftheweatherlookshotforyourcampingtrip,bringasleepingbagforeverycamper.Withoutapillow,youwouldbefacingarockynight’ssleep.___37___.___38___Flashlightsareanothercampingitem.Bringmultipleflashlightsandextrabatteries,andalsoconsiderbuyingacampinglantern.Lanternsaregreatbecausetheyshedmorelightinalldirectionsandstandontheirownsothatyoucanplaycardsorgamesatnight.TheAntiitchCreamKeepawayfrommosquitoes,blackfliesandotherbiters.Don’tforgettheantiitchcreamtoapplyafterinsectbites.___39___.Askdoctorsforwhichproductstouse.CampfireSuppliesMatchesstoredinaplasticbag,dryfirewoodanddrynewspapersareallyouneedforacampfire.___40___.Eachcampfireshouldhaveitsownstonecampfirespotandmanyalsoprovideacastironshelfforcookingon.Inaddition,thereareothercampingessentials,suchaskitchenitems,bottledfoodandwater,toiletpaper,firstaidkits,andbooksandgames.Alltheabovecanenrichyouroutdoorcamping.A.CardsorgamesB.FlashlightsandlanternsC.KidsalsolikehavingapillowforthelongcarrideD.Bringclothesforalltypesofweather,fromhottorainydaysE.Findoutwhatyou’llneedtopackforyourcampingadventureF.YouandyourkidscandoaquickhuntfordrywoodforyourfireG.Justkeepinmindthatmanysprayscontainhighlevelsofchemicals第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(江苏省五市十一校20232024学年高二上学期12月阶段联测英语)IknewJaninewhenshewassevenandbecameapatientofmine.Herfatherhadtoldmeproudlyonthefirstdaywemethowhe’dbeatencancer.____41____,soonitattackedhimagain.HediedofthatwhenJaninewas10.Hermother,already____42____frommentalillness,wasunableto____43____herdaughteralone.Therefore,Janinewas____44____tomovefromonefoster(寄养的)hometoanother.Inadesperateattempttodealwiththe____45____inherworld,Janinedevelopedsevereanorexia(厌食症).Afterrepeatedfruitlesstreatments,shegaveuphopeandhadno____46____togetbetter.IknewIhadto____47____.Iexplainedthesituationtomyhusband,Saul,aboutthisamazingyounggirlwhodidn’t____48____whathappenedtoherandwhoneededourhelp.Theweekbefore,wehadbeenstrategizingaboutour____49____.NowIwasaskinghimtobeafosterdadandkeepworking.Tomy____50____,Saulagreedwithoutanyhesitation.____51____,caringforsomeonewithsevereanorexiawasfarmore____52____thanwethought.WewereswornatforcallingJaninetothetabletoeat.Janinewentthroughtreatmentprogramsthreemoretimesbeforebeginningto____53____littlebylittleyearslater.Throughitall,westayedbyherside.We____54____retirementtosupportJanineandwatchhergrow.Thankfully,ourworkhas____55____rightnowwe’reworkingtogetherinthekitchen,chopping(切碎)vegetablessidebyside.41.A.Unfortunately B.Uncertainly C.Unintentionally D.Unbelievably42.A.keeping B.escaping C.suffering D.disappearing43.A.tend B.cure C.injure D.inspire44.A.allowed B.persuaded C.encouraged D.forced45.A.violence B.chaos C.disease D.behavior46.A.resource B.chance C.evidence D.motivation47.A.wait B.act C.promise D.accelerate48.A.admit B.expect C.prehend D.deserve49.A.retirement B.appointment C.employment D.treatment50.A.annoyance B.amusement C.regret D.relief51.A.However B.Instead C.Moreover D.Therefore52.A.challenging B.rewarding C.thrilling D.refreshing53.A.reduce B.reflect C.recover D.relax54.A.sought B.took C.postponed D.planned55.A.paidoff B.runoutof C.setoff D.workedout第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024上·重庆·高二统考期末)Lastmonth,28–year–oldmodelHuangQiandecidedtoaddbaduanjin(八段锦)toherdailyroutine.Atfirst,shesawvideosofpeoplepracticing56socialmediaplatforms.Soshe57(natural)associateditwiththekindofexercisefavoredbytheelderlybecauseofslowmovements.Nevertheless,nowHuangenjoyspracticingtheexercise,58

stretchesandrelaxesherwholebody.Baduanjin,59formofqigong,isasetoftraditionalChinesefitnessexercises60(bine)physicalmovementwithbreathingandmeditation.It61(date)backtotheSongDynasty(960–1279).Baduanjinusesbreathingandconcentrationtechniques62(improve)bodyandmindthrougheightwelldesignedsequences.63(pare)withothertypesofqigongexercise,suchastaichiandwuqinxi,baduanjinismoresuitedtobeginnersthankstoitssimple,gentlemovements.HuangwasalsoexcitedtofindoutthatoneofherfavoritefitnessinfluencersGermanPamelaReif,64(add)baduanjintoherworkoutvideosalready.Thevideohasreceivedmorethan900,000views,49,000likesand24,000reportssinceitwaspostedonBilibilionAug8.Likemanytraditions,suchashanfuandmusic,baduanjinisreceivingagrowing65(recognize)frompeopleofallagesandismakingareturntodailylife.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)(2023上·广东肇庆·高二校考阶段练习)假如你是校学生会主席李华，在周一的集会上要作一次英文演讲，要写一份演讲稿，主题是假期健康生活，从作息、饮食和活动安排等方面呼吁同学们在假期里坚持健康的生活习惯。【写作要求】1.结合实际,可适当发挥,使内容充实、行文连贯；2.80词左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数；【评分标准】内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。Dearschoolmates,IamLiHua,presidentoftheStudentUnion.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2024上·河北邢台·高二河北省博野中学校联考期末)Backin2008,Ilostmyjobandlivedinmycarwithmywifeandtwoteenagechildren.Iwasdesperateforanewjob,anyjob,sowhenIsawanadforapositionasagatekeeperataprivatehome,Iapplied.Themoneywasn’tgreat,butthepositioncamewithasmallonebedroomapartmenttogetmyfamilyoffthestreets.AndIhadtopaydebtswithover40%ofmysmallsalaryeverymonth.MywifeandIagreedthatwhateverfoodwecouldaffordtobuywouldgotothechildren.Andwhateverwereleftoverswereourmeal,andsometimestherewasn’tmuchatall.Mybosswasamaninhissixties,whoshowedhisemployeesapparenthaughtiness(傲慢),neverrespondingwhenIgreeted