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Unit3单元综合测试习题检测阅读理解A(2024届湖北省黄冈中学高三三模)Ourbrainsprocessinformationdifferently:It'sagoodideatotalktoyourchildrenaboutthewaysourmindsfunction.Herearesomepicturebooksthatteachchildrenaboutneurodiversity(神经多样性).MyBrainisMagic:ASensorySeekingCelebrationPrashaSooful(Author),GeetaLadi(Illustrator)Age:59Asensoryseekingchilddescribesandcelebratestheirwonderfullifeinthisbookthathighlightssensoryprocessingandneurodiversityinapositivewayforchildrentoenjoy.Throughthepowerofmagicandimagination,differentanimalsandinsectsrepresentsensoryscenarios.Thebookincludesanoteforparentstohelpmakesuretheirchildren'ssensoryneedsaremet.SomeBrains:ABookCelebratingNeurodiversityNellyThomas(Author),CatMcInnes(Illustrator)Age:48Let'scelebrateneurodiversity!Thisbookdoesjustthat.SomeBrainsencouragesreaderstoexaminethestrengthandpowerofhavingawonderfullyuniquebrain!Additionally,MeInnesfilledthepageswithvividlyinclusiveillustrationssothatchildrenactuallyseethebeautyofourdiverseworld.TooSticky:SensoryIssuesWithAutism(自闭症)JenMalia(Author),JoanneLewVriethoff(Illustrator)Age:48AlthoughHollylovesscienceexperiments,she'sunsurehowshe'llfeelaboutmakingslime(烂泥)becauseitissticky!Holly'sfamilyandteacherhelpherfindacmodations,andshelearnsthatslimeisn'tsobadafterall.What'sgreataboutthisbookisthattheauthorisaneurodivergentparentofthreeneurodivergentchildren,makingthisanessential"ownvoices"storytoaddtoyourcollection.BrilliantBeaShainaRudolphandMaryVukadinovich(Authors),FionaLee(Illustrator)Age:48Beatriceusesataperecordertotellstoriesbecauseshecanspeakherwordsandsaythemback.Sheisdyslexic(读写障碍)andshowsherclassmateshowusingataperecorderhelpsherlearnandkeepstories.BrilliantBeaissetinEasyReading,adyslexiafriendlyfont.1.Whichbookexplorestheideaofneurodiversitythroughasensoryseekingchild'sperspective?A.BrilliantBeaB.TooSticky:SensoryIssuesWithAutismC.SomeBrains:ABookCelebratingNeurodiversityD.MyBrainisMagic:ASensorySeekingCelebration2.WhatcanreaderslearnfromSomeBrains:ABookCelebratingNeurodiversity?A.Waystodealwithdifferentbrainconditions.B.Thedifferencesbetweennormalbrainsanduniquebrains.C.Theimportanceofacceptingneurodiversity.D.Techniquesforunderstandingtheplexityofthebrain.3.WhatdoBrilliantBeaandTooSticky:SensoryIssuesWithAutismhaveinmon?A.Theirmaincharactershavealoveforscience.B.Theyfocusonkidswithdisabilities.C.Theyemphasizethepowerofimagination.D.Theytellstoriesaboutcelebratingneurodiversity.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几本教给孩子了解神经多样性的图画书。1.细节理解题。根据MyBrainisMagic:ASensorySeekingCelebration部分“Asensoryseekingchilddescribesandcelebratestheirwonderfullifeinthisbookthathighlightssensoryprocessingandneurodiversityinapositivewayforchildrentoenjoy.(一个寻求感官的孩子在这本书中描述和庆祝他们美好的生活,以积极的方式强调感官处理和神经多样性,让孩子们享受)”可知,MyBrainisMagic这本书是从寻求感官刺激的孩子的角度探究神经多样性。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据SomeBrains:ABookCelebratingNeurodiversity部分“SomeBrainsencouragesreaderstoexaminethestrengthandpowerofhavingawonderfullyuniquebrain!(SomeBrains这本书鼓励读者检查拥有一个非常独特的大脑的力量和能力!)”可知,在这本书中,读者可以了解拥有独特大脑和普通大脑的不同之处。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据 TooSticky:SensoryIssuesWithAutism(自闭症)部分中的SensoryIssuesWithAutism(自闭症的感官问题)及正文“What'sgreataboutthisbookisthattheauthorisaneurodivergentparentofthreeneurodivergentchildren,makingthisanessential‘ownvoices’storytoaddtoyourcollection.(这本书的伟大之处在于,作者是一位神经功能异常的父母,他有三个神经功能异常的孩子,这使得这本书成为你收藏中必不可少的‘自己的声音’故事)”和BrilliantBea部分“Beatriceusesataperecordertotellstoriesbecauseshecanspeakherwordsandsaythemback.Sheisdyslexic(Beatrice用录音机讲故事,因为她可以把自己说的话讲出来,然后再复述出来。她有阅读障碍)”可知,这两本书都关注有缺陷的孩子。故选B项。B(2024届福建省高三下学期模拟预测)KelliBoehlesayshersonNikwasanamazingandcaringperson.Nikwasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerin2008whenhewas17.Hepassedawayin2012.ButNik’skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.Afterhewasdiagnosedandstartedtreatment,Nikwasgranted(给予)awishexperiencefromtheMakeAWishFoundation.“Forjustthisperiodoftime,wedidn’tthinkaboutcancer,”KelliBoehlesaid.“Allwethoughtaboutwasenjoyingourtimetogether.”In2009,NikmetanotheryoungmanNate,whowasalsogoingthroughcancertreatment.He’dbeendiagnosedamonthafterturning18,andNiklearnedhewastoooldtoqualifyforawish.ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishesetruetoo.“Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn’tstopingintomymind,”shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik’sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.Natewastheorganization’sfirstwishrecipient.“It’smeanttobringthemjoyandknowthatthey’relovedandthatwe’refightingforthem,too,”KelliBoehlesaid.Recently,19yearoldJordanMorrowreceivedherwishtoattendaTaylorSwiftconcertaspartofatriptoLosAngeles.ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits.“Ithinkit’ssomethingtogetmethroughwhateveresmyway,”shesaid.“AndI’mthankfulforNik’sWishforthat.”Inthe11yearssinceNikpassedaway,theorganizationhasgrantedmorethan300wishesacrossmorethan30states.Inthebeginning,KelliBoehlesaysshewasn’tsureshecouldbeawishmakerandworkcloselywiththeyoungadults.Butnow,it’sherfavoritethingtodo.4.WhatisthegoalofNik’sWish?A.Tomakemercialprofits. B.Tocuretheyouthoftheircancer.C.Toeaseyoungpatientsofpains. D.Tosupportyoungadultsfightingcancer.5.WhichwordbestdescribesKelliBoehle?A.Intelligent. B.Selfless. C.Straightforward. D.Ambitious.6.WhatcanwelearnfromJordanMorrow’swords?A.Shesurvivedthedeadlydisease. B.Shewasgrantedmorethanonewish.C.Shewasmotivatedbytheorganization. D.Sheliftedpeople’sspiritsbyperforming.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PayItForward:AMother’sLastWishB.CancerBattles:StoriesofHopeandPerseveranceC.Nik’sWish:FulfillingWishesforYoungCancerFightersD.MakeAWishFoundation:GrantingDreamstoYoungAdults【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了KelliBoehle创办非盈利组织Nik’sWish,帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人实现愿望的故事。4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik’sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.(2012年,KelliBoehle创办了Nik’sWish。这家非营利组织向年龄在18到24岁之间与癌症作斗争的年轻人提供愿望。)”可知,这个组织的目标是支持年轻人对抗癌症。故选D。5.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishesetruetoo.(尼克去世的前一晚,他请求母亲帮助确保那些与癌症作斗争的年轻人也能实现他们的愿望。)”和文章第四段““Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn’tstopingintomymind,”shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik’sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.(“这就像他种下的一颗种子,一直萦绕在我的脑海里,”她说。2012年,KelliBoehle创办了Nik’sWish。这家非营利组织向年龄在18到24岁之间与癌症作斗争的年轻人提供愿望。)”可知,KelliBoehle创办非盈利组织,帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人,由此可推知,她是无私的。故选B。6.推理判断题。根据文章第五段“ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits.“Ithinkit’ssomethingtogetmethroughwhateveresmyway,”shesaid.“AndI’mthankfulforNik’sWishforthat.”(对莫罗来说,去年她一直在与脑癌作斗争,去听音乐会不仅仅是提振了她的精神。她说:“我认为这是一种让我度过难关的东西。”“我很感谢尼克的愿望。”)”可推知,从JordanMorrow的话中,我们可以知道她受到组织的激励。故选C。7.主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik’sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.(2012年,KelliBoehle创办了Nik’sWish。这家非营利组织向年龄在18到24岁之间与癌症作斗争的年轻人提供愿望。)”可知,文章主要讲述了文章讲述了KelliBoehle创办非盈利组织Nik’sWish,帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人实现愿望的故事。故选C。C(2024届湖南省长沙市第一中学高考适应性演练)Wouldyoumakethesamedecisionsinaforeignlanguageasyouwouldinyournativetongue?Itmaybeintuitivethatpeoplewouldmakethesamechoicesregardlessofthelanguagetheyareusing,orthatthedifficultyofusingaforeignlanguagewouldmakedecisionslesssystematic.Wediscovered,however,thattheoppositeistrue:Usingaforeignlanguagereducesdecisionmakingbiases(偏差).Togetherwithhisstudentsandcollaborators,ProfessorKeysarhasmadediscoveriesabouttheimpactofusingaforeignlanguageonchoice,thewaythatlanguagemodalityaffectsreasoning,howlanguageaffectshealthdecisionsandnegotiations,andmore.Ina2021study,BoazKeysar,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicagointheUS,ledanexperimentconcerninghowforeignlanguagesrelatetohumanwaysofthinking.Whereaspeoplewereriskaverseforgainsandriskseekingforlosseswhenchoiceswerepresentedintheirnativetongue,theywerenotinfluencedbythisframingmanipulationinaforeignlanguage.Peoplewereaskedtomakeachoice:Takeaguaranteeofonepoundortakea50percentchanceofwinning2.50pounds.Whenpresentedwiththischoiceintheirnativelanguage,mostpeopletookthesafeoptionofonlygettingonepound.Buttheyweremorewillingtomaketheriskierchoicewhenaskedinaforeignlanguage,leadingtomoreprofitsoverall,accordingtoTheGuardian.AsKeysarputit,“Peoplejusthatetheprospect(前景)oflosing,buttheyhateitlessinaforeignlanguage.”Keysarandhisteamdidanotherexperimentinwhichparticipantsweregivenaseriesofrelatedwordslike“dream”,“snooze”,“bed”and“rest”.Later,whenaskedwhichwordstheyrememberedhearing,peopleweremorelikelytomistakenlyremember“sleep”,whichwasnotonthelist,intheirnativelanguage.Butitwasmuchlesslikelytohappeniftheydidthetestinaforeignlanguage.Theevidenceisclear:Bylearningaforeignlanguage,you’renotjustlearningalanguage—you’regaininganewstateofmind.8.WhataspectoftheBoazKeysar’sresearchin2021focuson?A.Theimpactofusingaforeignlanguageonchoice.B.Thewaythatlanguagemodalityaffectsreasoning.C.Howlanguageaffectshealthdecisionsandnegotiations.D.Therelationshipbetweenforeignlanguagesandpeople’swayofthinking.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“averse”inParagraph3referto?A.willing B.slow C.opposed D.eager10.WhydidKeysarandhisteamdidthesecondexperiment?A.Tochangepeople’sattitudetothegame.B.Toproveaforeignlanguageinfluencesthewayofthinking.C.Toshowthechoiceismorecorrectwhenusingaforeignlanguage.D.Toproveusingaforeignlanguageleadstomemorieswithgreateraccuracy.11.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?I:Introduction
P:Point
C:ConclusionA. B. C. D.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【导语】本文为一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了,研究表明使用外语会减少决策偏差。在用母语进行选择时,人们会对收益进行风险规避,而对损失进行风险寻求,但在外语中,他们不会受到这种框架操作的影响。而且,人们在使用外语时思维更缜密,记忆更准确。8.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Ina2021study,BoazKeysar,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicagointheUS,ledanexperimentconcerninghowforeignlanguagesrelatetohumanwaysofthinking.(在2021年的一项研究中,美国芝加哥大学的教授BoazKeysar指导了一项关于外语与人类思考方式之间的关系的一项实验。)”,2021年BoazKeysar指导一项实验主要研究外语与人们思维方式之间的关系,故选D。9.词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词averse后文的内容提示“Whenpresentedwiththischoiceintheirnativelanguage,mostpeopletookthesafeoptionofonlygettingonepound.(在用母语进行选择时,大多数人都选择了只有一英镑的安全选项。)”可知,当在用母语进行选择时,人们会选择安全的选择,从而对收益厌恶风险,故此处划线词averse与C项“opposed(反对)”意思相近,用母语进行选择时,人们会选择安全的选项,从而反对收益风险,故选C。10.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Keysarandhisteamdidanotherexperimentinwhichparticipantsweregivenaseriesofrelatedwordslike“dream”,“snooze”,“bed”and“rest”.Later,whenaskedwhichwordstheyrememberedhearing,peopleweremorelikelytomistakenlyremember“sleep”,whichwasnotonthelist,intheirnativelanguage.Butitwasmuchlesslikelytohappeniftheydidthetestinaforeignlanguage.(Keysar和他的团队做了另一个实验,实验中,给参与者提供了一系列相关的单词,如“梦”、“打盹”、“床”和“休息”。后来,当被问及他们记得听到过哪些单词时,人们更容易错误地记住“睡觉”,而这个单词并不在他们的母语列表中。但如果用外语进行测试,发生这种情况的可能性就小得多。)”可知,本次实验的目的是证明使用外语可以让人记忆更准确,故选D。11.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Wouldyoumakethesamedecisionsinaforeignlanguageasyouwouldinyournativetongue?(你用外语是否能与用母语一样做出同样的选择?)”和第二段“Togetherwithhisstudentsandcollaborators,ProfessorKeysarhasmadediscoveries(和他的同学与同事一起,Keysar教授发现)”可知,文章前两段为总体描述,再根据第三段“Peoplewereaskedtomakeachoice(要求他们做出选择。)”和第四段“Keysarandhisteamdidanotherexperiment(Keysar和他的团队做了另一个实验)”可知,文章三四段为实验例证,最后一段“Theevidenceisclear(结论很清楚)”为总结,故而是典型的总分总结构,故选A。D(2024届浙江省精诚联盟高三下学期三模)In2017,IrishPresidentMichaelD.HigginsandhiswifeSabinastartedtheYoungIrishPhilosopherAwards,thepurposeofwhichistoinvitestudentsfromthroughoutthatcountrytoreflectoninterestingquestionsandparticipateinphilosophicalthinkinganddiscussion.In2023,over500youngthinkerscametogetheratUniversityCollegeDublinforthesixthannualgathering.ThegrandprizewinnerwasSeánRadeliffefromCork,forhisessay‘HasPlato’staleofthecavebeenwarningusofsocialmediafor2,500years?’AndspeakingofPlato,in2022,anawardwinningdocumentaryfilmentitledYoungPlatoreceivedinternationalrecognition.ItfocusesonhowKevinMcArevey,theheadmasterofaprimaryschoolinBelfast’sArdoynehousingestates,usescriticalthinkingtechniquestoempoweryoungchildrentolookbeyondtheboundariesoftheirviolence(Formore,seeYoungPlato.).Asonecansee,philosophyisaliveandwellinboththeRepublicofIrelandandtheUKconstituentcountryofNorthernIreland.IrelandhastraditionallybeenknownastheLandofSaintsandScholars.InthiseditionofPhilosophyNow,we’llcastacoldeyeonthestateofphilosophypast,presentandfutureintheEmeraldIsle,withafocusonThomasDuddy’sidea,inhisbookAHistoryofIrishThought,thatsuchanexplorationmustbebothpracticalandcreative.ThisissueisdedicatedtomylatefriendSeánMoran,aPhilosophyNowwriterandamodernIrishphilosopherwhomImetinWaterfordmanyyearsago,andwhosehumor,charm,andfriendlinessenrichedmylife.LikeTomDuddy,Seándiedmuchtooyoung.HedemonstratedtomethetruemeaningofWilliamButlerYeats’sclosingwordsfromhispoem‘TheMunicipalGalleryRevisited’:“Thinkwhereman’sglorymostbeginsandendsAndsaymyglorywasIhadsuchfriends.”Prof.TimothyJ.MadiganStJohnFisherUniversity12.WhatcanreadersprobablygetonYoungPlato.?A.Howcriticalthinkinghelpsstudentsreflectontheirviolence.B.HowPlato’sstoriesinfluencesocialmediaeverynowandthen.C.HowHigginsandhiswifestartedtheYoungIrishPhilosopherAwards.D.Howyoungthinkerstryphilosophicalthinkinganddiscussionannually.13.WhatwillbehighlightedinthiseditionofPhilosophyNow?A.Ireland’sPhilosophicalEvolution. B.ThomasDuddy’sideasonhistory.C.ThegrowingreputationofIreland. D.Theidealwayofexploringphilosophy.14.WhydoestheauthorquoteYeats’spoem?A.TopareSeán’sachievementwithTomDuddy’s.B.Toexpresstheauthor’ssorrowforSeán’searlydeath.C.ToappreciatethefriendshipbetweentheauthorandSeán.D.Todemonstratetheauthor’sunderstandingofphilosophy.15.Whatbestshowstheauthor’sviewonphilosophy?A.Creative. B.Reflective. C.Skeptical. D.Confused.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲述了爱尔兰和北爱尔兰的哲学教育情况,以及作者对哲学的看法。12.细节理解他。根据第一段“ItfocusesonhowKevinMcArevey,theheadmasterofaprimaryschoolinBelfast’sArdoynehousingestates,usescriticalthinkingtechniquestoempoweryoungchildrentolookbeyondtheboundariesoftheirviolence(Formore,seeYoungPlato.)”(它聚焦于贝尔法斯特Ardoyne住宅区一所小学的校长KevinMcArevey如何使用批判性思维技巧,让幼儿能够超越暴力的界限看待问题(更多信息,请参阅YoungPlato))可知,在YoungPlato.能看到批判性思维如何帮助学生反思自己的暴力行为。故选A项。13.推理判断题。根据第二段“InthiseditionofPhilosophyNow,we’llcastacoldeyeonthestateofphilosophypast,presentandfutureintheEmeraldIsle,withafocusonThomasDuddy’sidea,inhisbookAHistoryofIrishThought,thatsuchanexplorationmustbebothpracticalandcreative.”(在本期《现代哲学》中,我们将冷眼看待翡翠岛哲学的过去、现在和未来,重点关注托马斯·达迪(ThomasDuddy)在其著作《爱尔兰思想史》(AHistoryofIrishThought)中提出的观点,即这种探索必须既实用又具有创造性。)可知,本期《现代哲学》将重点介绍探索哲学的理想方法。故选D项。14.推理判断题。根据第三段“ThisissueisdedicatedtomylatefriendSeánMoran,aPhilosophyNowwriterandamodernIrishphilosopherwhomImetinWaterfordmanyyearsago,andwhosehumor,charm,andfriendlinessenrichedmylife.”(本期特别献给我已故的朋友肖恩·莫兰(SeánMoran),他是《今日哲学》的作者,也是我多年前在沃特福德遇到的一位现代爱尔兰哲学家,他的幽默、魅力和友好丰富了我的生活。)可知,作者作者要引用叶芝的诗的目的是感激作者和肖恩之间的友谊。故选C项。15.推理判断题。根据全文的描述,根据第一段“usescriticalthinkingtechniquestoempoweryoungchildrentolookbeyondtheboundariesoftheirviolence”(使用批判性思维技巧,让幼儿能够超越暴力的界限看待问题)以及第二段“suchanexplorationmustbebothpracticalandcreative.”(即这种探索必须既实用又具有创造性)可知,作者对哲学的看法是反思性的,他认为哲学应该是实际的、有创造性的,并且能够帮助人们超越自身的局限。故选B项。二、七选五(2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学附中高三五月高考模拟)Whendidwestartwalkingforleisure?“Goingforawalk”isapopularpastimeamongolderandyoungergenerationsalikebecauseofitswellknownbenefitsforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Butyoumaybesurprisedtohearthatwanderingthroughprettystreetsorhikinginmountainoushavenotalwaysbeenconsideredleisureactivities,accordingtoDanielGale,aresearcherofpedestrianism(步行运动).16Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessity,someofwhomevenassociateditwithcriminalactivity.ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandtrampingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess.17Hewalkedatanimpressivepaceoffourmilesperhour,accordingtohisbiographybyPeterAckroyd.18Perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbigthinkingwanderer.19thCenturyAmericanwriterHenryDavidThoreautookaslowerapproach,preferringtostrolloverhillsandfieldsandthroughthewoods.Hesaidthathecouldnotpreservehishealthandspiritswithoutwalkingatleastfourhoursaday.Thisideaoftakingastrolltoclearyourheadhassurvivedthroughtothe21stCentury.Buthavepedestrianmannersremainedthesame?A1780articlefortheLondonMagazineadvisedpedestrianstoavoidthingssuchashangingaroundinconversationandobstructingpeoplebehindyou.19Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,trythesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature.20Whetheryouseeyourselfmoreasacasualstrollerorapurposefulstrider(阔步者),whynotbuildahabitoutofit?A.Whatifspeedwalkingisn’tyourthing?B.Thismaymakeallthedifferencetoourwellbeing.C.Nowadays,wecouldadddistractedphoneusers.D.Hebroughttherecreationofwalkingintofashion.E.Goingonanurbanwalkismuchmorepleasantnow.F.Itwasatimetoabsorbwhatwasgoingonaroundhim.G.InBritain,walkingforfunwasn’treallyathinguntilthe1780s.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.C20.B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步的历史以及好处。16.根据后文“Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessity,someofwhomevenassociateditwithcriminalactivity.(在此之前,这只是人们出于需要而做的事情,有些人甚至把它与犯罪活动联系在一起)”可知,本句主要在说明散步流行起来的时间。故G选项“在英国,直到18世纪80年代,以散步为乐趣才真正成为一件事”符合语境,故选G。17.根据上文“ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandtrampingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess.(但对19世纪英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯来说,在伦敦街头游行、在乡间漫步是创作过程的重要组成部分)”可知,上文提到著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯喜欢创作的时候散步,故本句承接上文,说明这么做的原因。故F选项“这是一个吸收周围发生的事情的时候”符合语境,故选F。18.根据后文“Perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbigthinkingwanderer.19thCenturyAmericanwriterHenryDavidThoreautookaslowerapproach,preferringtostrolloverhillsandfieldsandthroughthewoods.Hesaidthathecouldnotpreservehishealthandspiritswithoutwalkingatleastfourhoursaday.(也许你可以从另一个胸怀大志的流浪者身上得到启发。19世纪的美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较慢的方式,他更喜欢在山丘、田野和树林里漫步。他说,如果每天不走至少四个小时,他就无法保持健康和精神)”可知,后文主要说明了漫步的放松方式,结合上一段“Hewalkedatanimpressivepaceoffourmilesperhour,accordingtohisbiographybyPeterAckroyd.(根据彼得·阿克罗伊德的传记,他以每小时4英里的惊人速度行走)”提到了快速行走,故A选项“如果你不喜欢快走呢?”符合语境,故选A。19.根据上文“Thisideaoftakingastrolltoclearyourheadhassurvivedthroughtothe21stCentury.Buthavepedestrianmannersremainedthesame?A1780articlefortheLondonMagazineadvisedpedestrianstoavoidthingssuchashangingaroundinconversationandobstructingpeoplebehindyou.(通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪。但是,行人的举止还保持不变吗?1780年《伦敦杂志》上的一篇文章建议行人避免在谈话中徘徊或妨碍身后的人)”可知,本句与上文并列,都是在说明导致行人散步行为发生改变的情况,故C选项“现在,我们可以加上分心的用户”符合语境,故选C。20.根据上文“Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,trythesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature.(在这个现代时代,当我们中的许多人都被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时,试着走到城市的人行道上,或者迷失在大自然中)”以及后文“Whetheryouseeyourselfmoreasacasualstrollerorapurposefulstrider(阔步者),whynotbuildahabitoutofit?(无论你把自己看成是一个随意的漫步者还是一个有目的的步行者,为什么不养成一种习惯呢?)”可知,后文建议出去散步,可知本句是在说明散步的好处。故B选项“这可能会对我们的健康产生很大的影响”符合语境,故选B。三、完形填空(2024届重庆市八中高三三模)JuleusGhuntaisapublishedchildren’sauthorandawardwinningpoet.Butwhenyoung,hecould21read.HegrewupwithhisthreesistersinruralWesternJamaica,raisedbytheirsinglemother.Lifewastough,andproperschoolingwasoutofthequestiondueto22resources.WhenGhuntafinallywenttoschool,hecouldn’t23onreading.Notonlyhadhebeenkepthomefromschoolasachild,buthehadnotbeen24tobooks.Bysixthgrade,hecouldspellhisname,butstillcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwith25.Hestruggledinschoolwithadeepsenseof26andworthlessness.Atage12,ayoungteacherintraining27aspecialreadingprogramfor28students.Ghuntawasthefirsttojoin.Thatteacher,whosenamehedoesnot29now,becameGhunta’sunsunghero—thepersonwhochangedhislife.Theteacherwasincrediblykindtohim.Underherguidance,Ghunta’sreadingskillssawmarkedimprovement,andhissenseofinadequacybeganto30.“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy,”hesaid.“Andadeeper31ofmytalent.”AfterGhunta’sexperiencewiththeteacher,hislifecourse32.Hegraduatedwithacademic33andisnowtheauthoroftwochildren’sbooks,including“RohanBullkinandtheShadows.”Yearslater,Ghuntareturnedtohisoldschoolandaskedtheprincipalandteachersiftheyknewher34,butnonedid.Carryingthismemory,however,hestillhopestofindandthankherforseeinghis35andbeingasourceoflightandhopeinhislife.21.A.merely B.barely C.totally D.simply22.A.abundant B.public C.limited D.financial23.A.giveup B.fallbehind C.missout D.catchup24.A.exposed B.drawn C.adapted D.devoted25.A.reference B.hesitation C.caution D.understanding26.A.awe B.loss C.guilt D.wonder27.A.started B.submitted C.downloaded D.forwarded28.A.disappointing B.struggling C.advanced D.qualified29.A.type B.spell C.distinguish D.recall30.A.disappear B.peak C.form D.spread31.A.appreciation B.waste C.memory D.source32.A.risked B.approached C.shifted D.determined33.A.skills B.honors C.courses D.efforts34.A.occupation. B.identity C.age D.name35.A.drawback B.reflection C.potential D.ambition【答案】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一位名叫JuleusGhunta的年轻人,在早年因资源匮乏几乎无法阅读,但在一位实习教师的帮助下,他的阅读能力得到显著提升,进而改变了人生轨迹,最终以优异成绩毕业并成为儿童书籍作者的故事。Ghunta心怀感激,希望找到这位老师表达谢意,她对他而言是生命中的光与希望。21.考查副词词义辨析。句意:但当他年轻的时候,他几乎不会读书。A.merely仅仅;B.barely几乎不;C.totally完全地;D.simply简单地。根据下文的“Lifewastough,andproperschoolingwasoutofthequestiondueto2resources”可知,JuleusGhunta成长过程中缺乏教育资源,因此这里表示他几乎不会阅读。故选B。22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:生活艰难,由于资源有限,接受适当的教育是不可能的。A.abundant丰富的;B.public公共的;C.limited有限的;D.financial金融的。根据前文的“Lifewastough,andproperschoolingwasoutofthequestiondueto”可知,此处指他家庭的经济状况不佳,教育资源有限,故难以获得正规教育。故选C。23.考查动词短语辨析。句意:当Ghunta最终上学时,他无法在阅读上赶上进度。A.giveup放弃;B.fallbehind落后;C.missout错过;D.catchup赶上。根据前文的“Lifewastough,andproperschoolingwasoutofthequestiondueto2resources.”和后文的“Notonlyhadhebeenkepthomefromschoolasachild,buthehadnotbeen4tobooks.”可知,他不仅小时候被留在家里没去上学,而且也没有接触过书籍,由于之前缺乏基础,他上学后无法在阅读上赶上进度。故选D。24.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他不仅小时候被留在家里没去上学,而且也没有接触过书籍。A.exposed接触;B.drawn绘制;C.adapted适应;D.devoted致力于。根据前文的“Notonlyhadhebeenkepthomefromschoolasachild,buthehadnotbeen”可知,由于家境困难,他小时候被留在家里没去上学,也没有机会接触到书籍,exposedto表示“接触”,符合上下文。故选A。25.考查名词词义辨析。句意:到六年级时,他会拼写自己的名字,但仍无法识字或理解地阅读。A.reference参考;B.hesitation犹豫;C.caution谨慎;D.understanding理解。根据前文的“hecouldspellhisname,butstillcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwith”可知,这里强调他无法理解阅读内容,表明阅读能力仍然很低。故选D。26.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他在学校里苦苦挣扎,深感失败和无用。A.awe敬畏;B.loss失败;C.guilt内疚;D.wonder惊奇。根据前文的“Bysixthgrade,hecouldspellhisname,butstillcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwith5.Hestruggledinschoolwithadeepsenseof”可知,在学校表现不佳让他感到自己很失败。故选B。27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:12岁时,一位年轻的实习教师为学习有困难的学生启动了一个特别的阅读项目。A.started启动;B.submitted提交;C.downloaded;D.forwarded转发。根据前文的“aspecialreadingprogram”可知,一位年轻的实习教师启动一个项目来帮助学生,故选A。28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.disappointing令人失望的;B.struggling挣扎的;C.advanced高级的;D.qualified合格的。根据后文的“Ghuntawasthefirsttojoin”可知,这里指那些在学习上遇到困难、需要帮助的学生。strugglingstudents指的是那些在学习上遇到挑战,但仍坚持不懈努力的学生。故选B。29.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那位老师的名字他现在记不起来了。A.type打字;B.spell拼写;C.distinguish区分;D.recall回想起。根据前文的“whosenamehedoesnot”可知,此处指他不记得老师的名字了。故选D。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在他的指导下,Ghunta的阅读技能有了显著提高,他的自卑感开始消失。A.disappear消失;B.peak达到顶峰;C.form形成;D.spread传播。根据前文的“Underherguidance,Ghunta’sreadingskillssawmarkedimprovement,andhissenseofinadequacybeganto”可知,随着阅读能力的提升,他的自卑感逐渐消失。故选A。31.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她给我留下了文化的礼物,以及对自己的才能更深的理解。A.appreciation理解;B.waste浪费;C.memory记忆;D.source来源。根据前文的“Andadeeper”和后文“ofmytalent”可知,在老师的帮助下,他对自己的能力有了更深的理解。故选A。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在Ghunta有了那位老师的经验之后,他的人生轨迹发生了转变。A.risked冒险;B.approached接近;C.shifted转变;D.determined决定。根据后文的“Hegraduatedwithacademic13andisnowtheauthoroftwochildren’sbooks,including“RohanBullkinandtheShadows.””可知,他以优异的成绩毕业,并且现在是两本儿童书籍的作者,所以这里指他的人生方向因为这次经历而发生了转变。故选C。33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他以学术荣誉毕业,并且现在是两本儿童书籍的作者,包括《RohanBullkinandtheShadows》。A.skills技能;B.honors荣誉;C.courses课程;D.efforts努力。根据前文的“Hegraduatedwithacademic”可知,这里指他学业成绩优异,他以学术荣誉毕业。故选B。34.考查名词词义辨析。句意:多年后,Ghunta回到他的母校,问校长和老师们是否知道她的名字,但没有人知道。A.occupation职业;B.identity身份;C.age年龄;D.name名字。根据前文的“whosenamehedoesnot9now”、“Ghuntareturnedtohisoldschoolandaskedtheprincipalandteachersiftheyknewher”可知,Ghunta不记得那位老师的名字了,回到他的母校,询问那位老师的姓名。故选D。35.考查名词词义辨析。句意:带着这份记忆,他仍然希望能找到并感谢她看到了他的潜力,成为他生命中的光明和希望之源。A.drawback缺点;B.reflection反思;C.potential潜力;D.ambition抱负。根据前文的“Andadeeper11ofmytalent”和“hestillhopestofindandthankherforseeinghis”可知,这里指老师看到了他潜在的能
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