2024新版英语19.状语从句

状语从句一、概说状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别，以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。二、时间状语从句1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多，常见的有before,after,when,while,as,since,till,until,assoonas等。2.表示“当…时候”的while,when,as的用法区别是：while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词；表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时，只能用when；当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时，只能用as。另外，用于此义的as所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词，不能是状态动词。如下面这道高考题的答案是B而不能是A：“I’mgoingtothepostoffice.”“_____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?”A.As B.While C.Because D.If3.until在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词，表示相应动作结束的时间；在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词，表示相应动作开始的时间，意为“直到…才”。如：Hewaiteduntilshewasabouttoleave.他等着一直到她准备离开。Ididnotbegintoworktillhehadgone.他走了后我才开始工作。4.表示“一…就”除用assoonas外，还可用theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,nosooner…than,hardly…when等。如：Icameimmediatelyyoucalled.你一来电话我就来了。Hardlyhadshearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.她刚到就下起雪来了。ThemomentIhavefinishedI'llgiveyouacall.我一干完就给你打电话。5.everytime,eachtime,(the)nexttime,(the)lasttime,bythetime,thefirsttime,anytime等以time结尾的词语也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。如：Nexttimeyoucomein,pleaseclosethedoor.下次你进来，请关门。Hedidn’ttellmeanythingthelasttimeIsawhim.上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。三、条件状语从句1.引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if,unless,as[so]longas等。如：Don’tcomeunlessItelephone.除非我打电话，否则你别来。Ifyouwatchcarefullyyouwillseehowtodoit.如果你仔细瞧你会看出该怎样做。Aslongasyoudoyourbest,we’llbehappy.只要你尽力，我们就满意了。2.incase也可引导条件状语从句，其意为“如果”、“万一”。如：IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.如果我忘了，请提醒我。四、让步状语从句1.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although,though,however(=nomatterhow),evenif(即使),whether…or(不论…还是)等连词。如：Thespeechisgood,thoughitcouldbebetter.这次演讲不错，虽然还可以再好一点。Hewentouteventhoughitwasraining.尽管下雨，他还是出去了。2.as也可引导让步状语从句，但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as前，若提前的是单数可数名词，要省略a/an。如：Teacherasheis,hecan’tknoweverything.虽然是老师，他也不可能什么都懂。3.连词while有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。如：Whilewedon’tagreewecontinuetobefriends.尽管我们意见不同，我们还是朋友。4.whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引导让步状语从句。如：Don’tloseheartwhateveryoudo.不管你做什么，都不要灰心。Whoeveryouare,youcan’tpassthisway.不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过。注：表示“虽然”的though,although不可与but连用，但可与yet,still连用。五、原因状语从句1.

引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that)等：Theycan’thavegoneoutbecausethelight’son.他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgo.既然你去，我也去。Nowthatwearealone,wecanspeakfreely.现在我们单独在一起，可以随便谈了。2.

除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句，其意“既然”。如：Ican’ttellyouwhenyouwon'tlisten.既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。3.

有关原因状语从句还应注意以下几点：(1)as与since,nowthat一样表示双方都知道的原因，通常位于主句前，且均不可用于强调结构被强调。(2)当表示直接的因果关系，回答why时，或有only,just,all,partly,not,but等副词修饰时，或用在强调结构中都只能用because。(3)for有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，对前一分句加以解释或推断。(4)不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的so连用。六、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where(在…的地方),wherever(无论什么地方),everywhere(每个…地方),anywhere(任何…地方)。如：I’mnotlivingwhereIwas.我不在原处住了。Youcan’tcampwhere[wherever,anywhere]youlikethesedays.如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.不管我走到哪里，我都发现同样情况。2.

有的同学认为地点状语从句在平时见得不多，误认为考试不会涉及，但恰恰相反，地点状语从句却是英语考试经常考查的一个知识点。请看以下考题：(1)Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_____youhaveanyquestions.A.atwhich B.atwhere C.theplacewhere D.where(2)Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre. A.that B.where C.which D.when(3)Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_____youcanfindthemagain.A.when B.where C.then D.there(4)Shefoundhercalculator______shelostit.A.where B.when C.inwhich D.that以上四题均选where，其意为“在…的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。七、目的状语从句1.

引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。如：IhiredaboatsothatIcouldgofishing.我租了一条船去钓鱼。Takeyourcoatincaseitrains(shouldrain).带着雨衣以防下雨。Hestudiedhardinorderthathecouldpasstheexam.他努力学习，是为了能通过考试。2.

引导目的状语从句的sothat有时可省so或that，即单独用so或that来引导目的状语从句。如：Checkcarefully,soanymistakewillbecaught.仔细检查，以便任何错误都可检查出。BringitcloserthatImightseeitbetter.拿近些，使我能看得清楚些。八、结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有sothat,so…that,such…that等。如：Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tspeak.他气得话都说不出来。Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke.他关窗子用力很大，结果玻璃震破了。注：so…that和such…that中的that有时(尤其在口语中)可省略。

练习题练习一一.

单项填空1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.

A.Though

B.Since

C.For

D.So2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?

---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.

A.comes;is

B.comes;willbe

C.willcome;is

D.willcome;willbe3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.

A.willfall;tohelp

B.falls;tohelp

C.willfall;help

D.falls;helping4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.

A.what

B.which

C.where

D.who5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.

A.comes

B.come

C.willcome

D.iscoming6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.

A.not;before

B.don’t;when

C.notto;until

D.not;after7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.

A.when

B.that

C.until

D.because8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.

A.willbe

B.shallbe

C.am

D.was9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.

A.careful;little

B.morecareful;fewest

C.morecareful;fewer

D.morecareful;less10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.

A.before

B.after

C.when

D.while11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.

A.since

B.sothat

C.asif

D.unless12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.though13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.

A.for

B.sothat

C.because

D.inorder14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.

A.because

B.as

C.if

D.since15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.

A.alovelyday

B.toolovelyaday

C.solovelyaday

D.suchlovelyaday16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.

A.such

B.so

C.too

D.very17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.

A.Although

B.Because

C.As

D.Asif18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

A.With

B.Since

C.While

D.As19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.

A.Solongas

B.Inorderthat

C.Nomatterhow

D.Themoment20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.

A.willget

B.get

C.getting

D.got二.

根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1.

不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。

Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.2.

布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。

MrsBrucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.3.

只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。

Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.4.

你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？

Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.5.

这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。

Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.6.

虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。

___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.7.

他长大后相当一名记者。

Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.8.

无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.9.

如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。

______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.10.

李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。

LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.练习二1.

Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.A.because

B.until

C.why

D.if2

.Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;until3.

Iwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when4

.He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.

A.didn'tgo;until;with

B.wasn'tgo;after;to

C.doesn'tgo;before;with

D.didn'tgo;until;to5

.He___backuntilthework___done.A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is6

.Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if7.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto8.I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves9.Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.

A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came10.Tomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.It_______byhisfather.A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought"'11.Whenhegottothestation,thetrain___.A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft12.Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see13.We___TVwhenthetelephone____.A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rangC.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang14.Bytheendoflastterm,I___tenbooks.A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreadingC.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread15.I___youforalongtime.Where___you___?A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;goneC.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven'tseen;have;gone16.Tom___Chinafor3years.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenat17.Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose18.-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?-Sorry,buthe___foramonth.A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenaway19.I___himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow20.ZhaoLan___already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying21.Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.A.becauseB.butC.untilD.if22MayIsitnearer___Icanseemoreclearly?A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so23.

___youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For24.

___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After25.

I'dliketogoswimming_____thewaterisnottoocold.A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether26.

Thereare___manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.A.both;andB.'so;thatC.either;orD.as;as27.-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggeras28.Suzhouisnot____beautiful____Hangzhou.A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;than29.Ironismoreuseful___anyothermetal.A.asB.thanC.thenD.so30.Iwanttoknow___sheisgoingtoseeafilm.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.which31.Youaresuretopasstheexam___youstudyhard.A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.since32.I'llgotoseethefilmwithyou___Ihavetimethisevening.A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when33.___youstudyharder,you'llneverpassthefinalexam.A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Except34.Althoughitwasraining,

stillworkedinthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.andyetthey35

.___therewereonlyfivesoldiersleftatthefront,___theywentonfighting.A.Because;soB.If;andC.Though;butD.Though;/36.

___sheisveryold,___shecanstillworkeighthoursaday.A.Because;soB.Though;butC.As;ye