Unit5-九年级英语上册单元速记巧练（牛津上海版）（原卷版）

Unit5ThehumanbrainThehumanbrain话题人类大脑词汇ceremony,dramatic,connect,imagine,colourful,silly,memorize,method,link,improve,basic,afterward,injure,agree短语句型loseone'smemory失去记忆beessentialfor…对……至关重要inhospital住院beangrywithsb对某人生气beconnectedwith…=bejoined／linkedwith…与……相连theOlympicGames奥运会such…as例如aswellas也，还；而且inaddition另外语法条件状语从句考点1.agreev.同意【例题】e.g.Heagreeswithme.他同意我的意见。【拓展】(1)agreewith表示“同意……，适合……”，后面一般接人作宾语。e.g.Isaidthatshe'dbetterfinishtheworkfirst.Butshedidn'tagreewithme.我说她最好先完成工作，但她不同意我的话。(2)agreeto也表示“同意……”，但其后一般接办法、计划、提议或某事件作宾语。e.g.Weagreedtotheplan.我们同意那个计划。(3)agreeon表示“双方就……达成协议，取得一致意见”。e.g.Weagreedonthequestion.我们就这个问题取得了一致意见。考点2.injurevt.损害;伤害【例题】e.g.Thereweretwopeopleinjuredinthecaraccident.有两个人在车祸中受了伤。Shewasinjuredbadlyinanaccidentduringthework.她在一次工伤事故中受了重伤。【拓展】(1)injurevt.损害，伤害，毁坏；指在事故中受到的意外伤害或情感、名誉上的伤害。e.g.Don'tinjurehispride(reputation).不要伤害他的自尊心（名誉）。(2)hurtvt.＆vi.使受伤痛，损害，危害，指肉体或精神上的伤害、创伤，强调伤害造成的痛苦。e.g.Ithurtsyoureyestoreadinbed.在床上看书对眼睛有害。(3)harmn.＆vt.伤害；损害，危害，指对人或事物的危害。e.g.Animalsareourfriends.Wecan’tharmthem.动物是人类的朋友，我们不要伤害它们。(4)damagevt.＆vi.损害，毁坏，破坏，指因损害而使之失去使用价值、用途等。e.g.Theacidraindamagedthecrops.酸雨毁坏了庄稼。(5)woundvt.＆vi.＆n.使受伤，打伤，伤口。指利器或子弹给身体造成的伤害。e.g.Thebulletwoundedhimintheshoulder.子弹打伤了他的肩膀。(6)destroyvt.破坏，摧毁，毁坏。指有目的有意图地破坏。e.g.Theyhaddestroyedthebridgebeforetheenemycame.他们在敌人到来之前已经毁坏了这座桥。考点3.afterwardadv.然后，后来地【例句】e.g.Wesawthefilmandafterwardswalkedhometogether.我们看了电影后一起走回了家。【拓展】【知识拓展】ward(s)（后缀）(1)构成形容诃，表示“向……的”；(2)构成副词，表示“向”。e.g.forwards向前backwards向后downwards向下upwards向上northwards向北southwards向南考点4.methodn.方法【例句】e.g.Thebestmethodofkeepingfitistoexerciseregularly.最好的保健方法就是有规律地锻炼。【拓展】【指点迷津：method,way】这两个词都有“方法”或“方式”的意思。(1)method所表示的“方法”可以指做某件事的具体步骤或程序，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。e.g.Todothis,scientistshavetodevisemethodsusingradarandunderwatertelevision.为此，科学家还要设计出使用雷达和水下电视的方法。(2)way是个最通用的且不正式的词，可以用来代替method。由于way常出现在许多固定的词组中，可见这是个使用非常频繁的词，在不少含有way的词组中，使用method或manner等可能表意更准确些，但是那样却损害了生动性。e.g.Healwayshashisownway.他总是随心所欲。此句中的way就是manner的意思，因为说的是“个人喜爱的方式方法”。另外dosthinthisway中的way即method的意思，但并不用method。其他如：Intime，allSam’smoneywaspaidbackinthisway.最后，山姆的全部钱都是用这种方式付还的。e.g.Theonlywaytodothiswastooperate.要做到这一点的唯一方法就是动手术。Civilizedmenlikesuchawayofliving.文明人喜欢这样的生活方式。考点5.memorizev.记住，记忆【例句】e.g.Hememorizedthelistofdates,butneglectedthemainfactscorrespondingtothem.他记住了那一系列日期，但却忽略了与其有关的主要事实。【拓展】【指点迷津：memorize与remember】(1)memorize指的是“记住，熟记”，是将原本无记忆的东西通过某种手段而化作记忆。e.g.Memorizethesewordsandyouwillhaveadictationtomorrow.记住这些单词，明天你们将进行一次听写。(2)remember指的是“回忆，忆起”，是将原来记忆中的东西挖掘出来。e.g.Canyourememberwhathappenedyesterday?你还能回想起昨天发生了什么吗？考点6.colourfuladj.鲜艳的；彩色的;生动的，刺激的【例句】e.g.acolourfulshirt鲜艳的衬衫acolourfulstory饶有趣味的故事Shehasarathercolourfulpast.她过去的生活多姿多彩。【拓展】【知识拓展】colourn.颜色e.g.Youneedmorecolourinthisroom.你这房间的色调需要丰富些。考点7.imaginev.想象，设想【例句】e.g.Canyouimaginewhatitwouldbeliketolivewithoutelectricity?你能想象出生活中没有电会是一幅什么样的情景吗？Ican’timaginelivinganywherebutShanghai.我很难设想能到上海以外的地方去生活。【拓展】【近义】supposev.假设，推想，猜想guessv.猜测，猜想【知识拓展】imaginationn.想象力，想象e.g.Hiswritinglacksimagination.他的写作缺乏想象力。考点8.connectv.联合，连接【例句】e.g.Willyouconnectthiswiretothetelevision?你要把电线接到电视上吗？【拓展】【指点迷津：join,connect】两个词都含有“联合，结合，接合”的意思。(1)join常指把明显分离的东西连接起来。e.g.Thenewhighwayhasjoinedthetwocities.新高速公路把那两个城市连接起来。(2)connect语意较弱，连接的事物通常有直接接触。e.g.Aminorroadconnectsthehighways.一条小路同几条公路相连。语法精讲——条件状语从句1.由if,if…not,unless引导的条件状语从句（1）主句、从句都为一般现在时，表示这一行为引起的。例如：Ifyouheatmetal,itmelts.如果加热金属，它就熔化。Ifyoutakeafishoutofwater,itdies.如果让鱼离开水，它就会死去。Ifyoubuysomethingonsale,yousavemoney.如果你买特价商品，你就省钱。（2）从句谓语动词为一般现在时，主句谓语动词为一般将来时或情态动词may,can或祈使句形式，表示这一行为。IfyoupractiseEnglisheveryday,you’llspeakfluently.如果你每天练习英语，你将会说得很流利。ImaybuyacarifIpassmytest.如果我通过测试，我可能会买一辆车。Ifheesback,pleasetelephoneme.如果他回来，请打给我。（3）unless除非，如果不，可替换if…notIfyoudon’tkeepicecreaminafridge,itmeltsquickly.=Unlessyoukeepicecreaminafridge,itmeltsquickly.如果你不把冰激凌放在冰箱里，它就会很快融化。（4）用and，or连接的句子可以同条件状语从句互换。Putonmoreclothes,oryou’llcatchcold.=Ifyouputonmoreclothes,you’llnotcatchcold.Tryhard,andyou’llsucceed.=Ifyoutryhard,you’llsucceed.PracticePractice1．________alltheChinesepeopleworkhardtogether,thegreatChinaDreamwilletruesoon.A．Asif B．As C．Aslongas D．Assoonas2．Youwon’tfullyexperiencethecultureofaforeigncountry________yougothereinperson.A．unless B．because C．assoonas D．aslongas3．I’llgivethebooktoAlan________heeshere.A．before B．unless C．though D．if4．Wecannotentertheteachers’office________weknockatthedoorfirst.A．though B．unless C．so D．while5．Mymomwillnotallowmetohangout________Ipromisetoebackbefore9p.m.A．unless B．when

C．since D．assoonas9AU5词汇（1）单词表序号英文音标词性中文1/ˈmemərɪ/n.记忆力，记性2/maɪnd/n.头脑，大脑3/ˌʃɔːtˈtɜːm/adj.短期的，近期的4/lɒŋˈtɜːm/adj.长期的，长远的5/ɪˈsenʃəl/adj.必不可少的，极其重要的6/ˈɪndʒər/v.伤害，使受伤7/ˈɑːftəwədz/adv.以后，后来8/ˈbeɪsɪk/adj.最简单的，基础的9/lɪŋk/n./v.联系，连接10/ˈmeθəd/n.方法，措施11/ˈmeməraɪz/v.记忆，记住12/ˈkʌləfəl/adj.有趣的，丰富多彩的13/maɪl/n.英里14/ˈspaɪdər/n.蜘蛛15/drəˈmætɪk/adj.激动人心的，给人印象深刻的16/ˈəʊpənɪŋ/n.开幕式17/ˈserɪməni/n.典礼，仪式18/əˈlɪmpɪk/adj.奥林匹克运动会的19/ˈwʌndər/v.想知道，想弄明白20/ɡəʊl/n.进球得分21/mɑːk/n.分数22/ɪkˈskjuːz/n.理由，借口23发生故障，出毛病24对……发怒，对……生气25联想法26纸牌27奥运会28出故障，抛锚29应该，最好（2）9AU5词形转换与词组整理①词形转换1n.回忆，记忆v.记忆2adj.基本的，基础的n.基地3adj.丰富多彩的n.颜色v.涂色adj.有颜色的4v.打开；张开；开办；开设n.开着的，开口的；敞开的，营业中的n.开幕式5v.对疑惑；想知道n.奇迹，奇观adj.精彩的6adj.令人惊讶的，令人赞叹的adj.感到惊叹的7v.（forgot，forgot/forgotten）忘记；忘掉adj.健忘的8v.（felt，felt）感觉，觉得；摸，触n.感觉9n.戏剧adj.戏剧性的，激动人心的adv.突然地②词组1gowrong出错2openingceremony开幕式3breakdown出故障；出错4beangrywith对……生气5beconnectedwith与……有联系6linkmethod联想法（3）9AU5重点知识点详解Joycewantedtohaveafeatureaboutmemory.Joyce想做一个有关记忆的特色专栏节目。gowrong变坏这里go是“连系动词”，意为“变为，成为，处于……的状态”。例如：Theyoungmanwentmadwhenhewonthelottery.那个年轻人买彩票中了奖，竟变疯了。Atthattimehisfamilywasverypoor.Thechildrenoftenwenthungry.afterwardsadv.后来，以后ward(s)后缀（1）构成形容词表示“向……的”；（2）构成副词表示“向”。例如：forwards向前 backwards向后 downwards向下 upwards向上injure/hurt/harm/damage/wound/destroy用法区别injurevt.损害，伤害，毁坏，指在事故中收到的意外伤害或情感、名誉上的伤害。例如：Don’tinjurehispride.不要伤害他的自尊心。hurtvt.&vi.使……受伤痛，损害，危害，指肉体或精神上的伤害、创伤，强调伤害造成的痛苦。例如：Ithurtsyoureyestoreadinbed.在床上看书对眼睛有害。harmn.&vt.伤害，损害，危害，指对人或事物的危害Animalsareourfriends.Wecan’tharmthem.动物是人类的朋友，我们不要伤害它们。damagevt.&n.损害，毁坏，破坏，指因损害而使之失去使用价值、用途等。Theacidraindamagedthecrops.酸雨毁坏了庄稼。woundvt.&vi.&n.使……受伤，指利器或子弹给身体造成的伤害。Thebulletwoundedhimintheshoulder.子弹打伤了他的肩膀。destroyvt.破坏，摧毁，毁坏，指有目的地破坏。Theyhaddestroyedthebridgebeforetheenemycame.他们在敌人到来之前已经毁掉了这座桥。method/waymethodn.方法，办法，教学法，指系统的、理论上的方法。例如：Aseriesofmethodstogetridofpollutionwillbeadopted.一整套治理污染的方法将被采用。wayn.方法，手段，方式，通常不带有系统性。例如：I’venevertriedtoswimthisway.我从未试图用这种方法由于。haveone’sownwayofdoingsth.有自己做某事的方法ImportantSentencesstructures.1.…,butwecanstillrememberthingsthathappenedalongtimeago....thathappenedalongtimeago为定语从句，that为定语从句的引导词。【知识拓展】在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that，which，who(whom，whose)和关系副词when，where，why。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，它既起联系作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。定语从句的基本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。e.g.Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatisstandingunderatree?你知道站在树下的女孩是谁吗？Shegotaputerwhich／thatherparentsboughtforher.她有一台电脑，这台电脑是她父母买给她的。Theboywhosefatherisadoctorstudiesveryhard.他爸爸是位医生的那个男孩学习非常刻苦。Theclassroomwhosewindowisopenismine.开着窗户的那个教室是我的教室。IstillrememberthedaywhenyouleaveforBeijing.我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。Thisistheschoolwheremymotherworks.这就是我妈妈工作的那所学校。Couldyouexplainthereasonwhyyouwerelate?你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗？2.Whenyougetold,threethingsstarttogowrong.此处get和go都是连系动词，意为“变得”；类似的动词还有turn和bee。【指点迷津】bee;get;turn这几个词作为系动词，都可以表示“变成”之意，但其用法不同。bee和get指变化过程已经完成；bee比较正式，get则更加口语化。turn指变得与原来完全不同。e.g.Hebecameveryangry.他变得很生气。It’sgettingdark.天变黑了。Herloveturnedintohate.她的爱变成了恨。Leavesturnedyellowinautumn.秋天树叶变黄。3.Ifyouwanttomemorizesomething,youshouldmakeapictureinyourmind.Ifthepictureissilly,strangeandcolorful,youwillrememberitbetter.Ifsomeonesays…，youwill…画线部分是由if引导的条件状语从句，时态为一般现在时。而主句则使用一般将来时。e.g.Ifitrainstomorrow,I'llstayathome.如果明天下雨，我将呆在家里。Ifyoufeelcold,putonthewarmcoat.如果你感到冷，穿上这件暖和的外套。如表示自然规律，客观事实，主句和从句都为一般现在时。e.g.Ifyoutakeafishoutofwater,itdies.如果你让鱼离开水，它会死去。4.Aneasywaytodothisistoimaginethere…这句话中有两个不定式短语，但它们起的作用不同。todothis作定语修饰Aneasyway,而toimaginethere…在整句话中作的是表语。5.单词way在句中的不同意思(l)Onebasicwayofimprovingyourmemoryistousethelinkmethod.Aneasierwaytodothisistoimaginethereisa‘mile’betweenthefirstletterandthelastletter.Inthisway,youcanworkouttheproblem.（方式，方法）(2)Onthewaytotheoffice,hecameacrossanoldfriend.（在去某地的路上）(3)Bytheway,haveyoubeenthere?（顺便问一下）(4)Waterisveryimportantinmanyways.（方面）(5)Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothetheatre?（路线）PracticePractice一、阅读单选WhenUSstudentOliviawokeuponemorning,shethoughtshehadhadadreamaboutmakingplanswithafriend.Butitwasn’tadream.Herphoneshowedthatduringthenight,Oliviahadreadatextmessagefromherfriend.Shediditwhileshewasfastasleep.Readingandsendingtextmessageswhileasleepcalled“sleeptexting”isanunusualsleepbehavior,similartosleepwalking.It’salsogrowinganxietyamongdoctors:youngpeoplecan’tlivewithouttheircellphones.Oneinthreeteenagerssendsmorethan100textmessagesaday,accordingtothePewInternet&AmericanLifeProject.Andatleastfouroutoffiveteenagerssaidtheysleepwiththeirphonesonorneartheirbed.ElizabethDowdell,aprofessoratVillanovaUniversity,hasstudiedsleepingtexting.Shesaidthathavingaphonenearbyallnightisabigpartoftheproblem.Andrew,asleepmedicineexpert,agrees.It’spossibleforthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmotorskills(运动技能)towakeup,whilethepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemoryandjudgmentmaybestillasleep.That’swhysomepeoplecanperformbasicmovementssuchaswalking,talking,textingorevendrivingwhilethey’resleeping.SomeofDowdell’sstudentssaidthatthey’redisturbedbytheirnighttimetextingbehavior.Butbecausesleeptextingisunconscious,it’sadifficulthabittobreak.Dowdellsaidsheknewsomestudentswhoworesocksontheirhandstokeepthemselvesfromtexting.MarjorieHogan,adoctoratHennepinCountyMedicalCentersuggestskeepingallelectronicdevices(电子设备)outsidethebedroomatcertaintimes.1．WhathappenedtoOlivia?A．Shesleepwalkedtoafriend’shouse.B．Shedreamedofmakingplanswithafriend.C．Shephonedoneofherfriendsduringthenight.D．Shereadatextmessagefromherfriendwhileasleep.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unconscious”mean?A．无意识的 B．无规律的 C．无反应的 D．无方法的3．WhatdoesdoctorHogansuggestpeoplewho“sleeptexting”do?A．Stoptextingtootherpeopleduringthedaytime.B．Takesomemedicinetocontrolthestrangebehavior.C．Keeptheirphonesoutoftheirbedroomswhiletheysleep.D．Wearsocksontheirhandstostopthemselvesfromtexting.4．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．it’seasyforustogiveupasleeptextinghabitB．oneinthreeteenagershasasleeptextinghabitC．sleeptextingdoesmoreharmtoone’shealththansleepwalkingD．sleeptextingcanreducethequalityofone’ssleep二、完形填空Finally,afternearlyhalfamonth,theChristmasletterwashereinmyhand.Yes,writinglettersishowmyfriendintheU.S.andI5ourgreetingseveryChristmas.PeopleaskwhynotsendourgreetingsonFacebook,oronWeChat6,andbytheway,it'llsavemoney.For

me,writinglettersismoreofa7habitthanaquirk(怪癖)inmoderntimes.I,anexperiencedletterwriter,cantellyouthatwritinglettersbringsmemoreemotional(情感的)munication.Infact,onlypartsofouremotionscanbefound.Some8inCaliforniaStateUniversity

foundthatelectronicdevices,likesmartphones,cangreatlyinfluencepeopleinmanyways.

Suchdevicespreventpeoplefrom9theirinner(内心的)feelings.paredwithmodernmunication,writinglettershasmoreadvantages.10wewrite,ourbrainisgiventhechancetodiscoverconnectionsbetweenthingswedidn’tseebefore.Andweare11toshowouremotionsfully.IfIamheretotellyouwhyIlovewritingletters,oneofthe12wouldbeitssenseoftouchfeelingofmyhandrunningthroughthepages,feelingofpenslidingacrossthepaper,andfeelingofthe13ofink(墨水)intheair.It14thatbothyourwordsandtheletteritselfcanhelpyouexpressyourfeelings.Lettersbuildabridgebetweenthewriterandreceiver.Peopleexperiencemorewhentheyreceivemessagesintheformofaletter,ratherthananyothermedia.5．A．introduce B．exchange C．describe D．repeat6．A．pletely B．recently C．simply D．exactly7．A．natural B．boring C．crazy D．national8．A．posers B．visitors C．inventors D．professors9．A．discovering B．shaking C．spreading D．refusing10．A．When B．Before C．Till D．Though11．A．remended B．encouraged C．invited D．forced12．A．customs B．reasons C．challenges D．achievements13．A．colour B．quality C．smell D．price14．A．givesout B．breaksout C．esout D．turnsout三、短文首字母填空阅读短文，在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式。单词的第一个字母已给出。

Memoryisveryimportant.Ithelpsyourememberwhoyouare,whereyoulive,andwhatyoup15todointhefuture.So,howcanyoui16yourmemory?

Itisnecessarytoe17yourbrain.Forexample,youcandonewthingsandchangeyourdailyhabits.Ifyouwalkadifferentwaytoschoolortakeadifferentbus,youwillk18yourbrainactive.Youcantrytodosomethingnew.Youcantryamathproblem.Youcanalsotrytolearnnewskillsorstudyaf19language.Yourbrainwillgetlotsofregularexerciseifyoudoanyofthesethings.

Ifyouliveah20life,yourmemorywillworkwell.Youmusthaveabalanceddiet.Youmustgiveyourbraine21timetorest.W22youstayupalot,youwillnotrememberthingswell.Ifyouwantyourbraintoworkq23,youneedtorelax,too.Ifyouaretooworried,yourbrainwillslowdown.

So,improvingyourmemoryisnots24.Youshouldstayrelaxed,exerciseyourbrainandliveagoodlife.四、阅读回答问题Answerthequestions（根据以下内容回答问题）Examtimeisthemoststressful(压力重的)periodoftheyear.Youhaveworkedallschooltermonyourclassesandnowit’sthetimetoprovewhatyouhavelearned.Withsomuchatstake(处于成败关头),itiseasytoge