（北师大版）新高考英语一轮复习讲义选择性必修第三册UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．marathonn．马拉松赛跑2．athleticsn．田径运动3．innovatevi.&vt.革新，创新，改革4．vaccinen．疫苗5．resiliencen．恢复力，复原力，适应力6．dopingn．使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩)7．clonevt.克隆，使无性繁殖n．克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体8．genen．基因9．artificiallyadv.人为地，虚假地10．identicaladj.完全相同的，非常相似的11．mammaln．哺乳动物12．cameln．骆驼13．cattlen．牛14．goatn．山羊15．primaten．灵长目动物16．apen．猿17．reproductiveadj.繁殖的，生殖的18．cluen．线索，提示19．provokevt.激起，引起20．ethicaladj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的21．inferioradj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的22．cursen．祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语23．atomn．原子24．organn．器官25．impulsen．(神经)冲动，(电)脉冲26．crosswordn．纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏27．intaken．摄入量，摄取量28．omegan．欧米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母，即Ω，ω)29．epidemicn．传染病，流行病30．virusn．病毒31．variationn．变化物，变体；差异，变动32．bacterian．细菌33．baselinen．(医学或科学中的)基线，准线34．paralleln．(不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，相似adj.平行的35．samplen．样本，样品vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查36．CE公元(用于日期后)37．lungn．肺38．trialn．试验；审判，审理39．underlinevt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线40．symbolicallyadv.象征地，象征性地41．mineraln．矿物质；矿产42．databasen．数据库，资料库43．astronomern．天文学家Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．justifyvt.证明……有道理，为……辩护2．participantn．参加者，参与者3．barriern．障碍，壁垒4．twinn．双胞胎中的一个5．foreveradv.永远；长久地6．emotionn．强烈的情感，激情7．crucialadj.至关重要的，关键性的8．boundadj.很有可能，肯定会9．mereadj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的10．abusevt.滥用，妄用；虐待n.滥用；虐待11．containvt.包含，容纳，装盛12．locatevi.&vt.找出……的准确位置13.zonen．地区，地带14．factorn．因素，要素15．officiallyadv.官方地，正式地16．rareadj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的17．widespreadadj.分布广的，广泛流传的18．estimatevt.估计，估算19．visibleadj.看得见的20．symptomn．症状；征兆，症候21．buryvt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏22．posevt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等)n．(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态23．outbreakn．(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生24．actualadj.实际的，真实的25．thoroughadj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的26．paragraphn．(文章的)段，段落27．phenomenonn．现象28．needlen．针29．suspectn．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子30．victimn．(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．biologyn．生物学→biologicaladj.生物的；生物学的→biologistn．生物学家2．capabilityn．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能→capableadj.有能力的3．infervt.推断，推定→inferencen．推断，推定4．calculatevt.计算，核算→calculationn．计算，核算→calculatorn．计算器5．physicistn．物理学家→physicsn．物理学→physicaladj.物理学的；身体的；物质的6．bettermentn．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高→bettervt.改善，提高；超过；胜过7．editvi.&vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→editionn．版本，版次→editorn．编辑，主编8．comparisonn．比较→comparev．比较9．whollyadv.完全地→wholeadj.完全的10．accurateadj.准确的，正确的→accuratelyadv.准确地→accuracyn．准确性，准确度11．treatmentn．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式→treatn．乐事；款待vt.治疗；对待12．blessingn．福气，幸运→blessvt.祝福13．nerven．神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张→nervousadj.紧张的14．classifyvt.将……分类；把……归入一类→classifiedadj.分类的；机密的→classificationn．归类，分类，分级15．opposedadj.与某事物相反；反对某事物→opposevt.反对→oppositeadj.对面的；相反的→oppositionn．反对，反抗16．depressingadj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→depressedadj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depressvt.令人沮丧；使萧条→depressionn．沮丧；(经济)萧条17．steadilyadv.稳定地→steadyadj.稳定的；稳固的→unsteadyadj.不稳定的18．systematicadj.系统化的，有条理的→systemn．系统，体系，制度19．globen．地球，世界；地球仪→globaladj.全球的20．correspondingadj.相应的；对应的→correspondvi.相一致；符合；类似于→correspondencen．一致；相似；相关；通信；信件21．identifyvt.确定，发现；认出，识别→identificationn．确定，发现；鉴定；辨认1．interpretation/InˌtɜːprI'teIʃən/n.表演，演绎；解释2．moody/'muːdi/adj.喜怒无常的，情绪多变的3．egotistical/ˌiːɡə'tIstIkəl/adj.自大的；自负的4．chore/tʃɔː/n.家庭杂务；日常琐事5．drone/drəʊn/n.无人遥控飞机6．collision/kə'lIʒən/n.碰撞事故；冲突，抵触7．outweigh/aʊt'weI/vt.比……更重要；比……更有价值8．terrorist/'terərIst/n.恐怖分子9．envision/In'vIʒən/vt.想象；展望10．lightweight/'laIt-weIt/adj.比通常重量轻的11．inhabitant/In'hæbItənt/n.居民12．technician/tek'nIʃən/n.技师，技术人员Ⅳ.背核心短语1．junkfood不利健康的食品，垃圾食品2．leadto导致3．incomparisonwith与……比较起来4．agreatdealof大量5．beboundto一定；势必会6．beviewedas被看作是7．comeintocontactwith接触到，和……接触8．beclassifiedas被归类为9．onrecord有记载的，记录在案的10．upto多达；直到11．getthrough度过，熬过；设法处理，完成12．inthecourseof在……期间，在……过程中13．resultin导致14．comeupwith想出，想到Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes，monkeys，andhumans)tohavebeencloned！(the＋序数词＋n.＋todo...)它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)!2．Whilesomepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscientificadvancement，othersraisemoralconcerns.(while引导的让步状语从句)尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。3．Researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced.(insist后接that宾语从句用虚拟语气)研究人员坚持认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。4．Withrecentpressreportsdrawingparallelsbetweenbirdfluandkillerepidemicsofthepast，JimSmithlooksatthesometimesdepressinghistoryofepidemicsforcluesabouthowwecancreateamorepositivefuturewithoutepidemics.(with的复合结构)随着最近的媒体报道将禽流感和过去的致命流行病相类比，吉姆·史密斯审视了有时令人沮丧的流行病历史，寻找关于我们如何创造一个更美好的没有流行病的未来的线索。5．Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea’spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.(现在分词短语作结果状语)科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。6．Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostsevereepidemicinhistory.(sb/sthbebelievedtobe/havebeen...某人/某物被认为是……)在18个月内造成5000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。默写练习(一)Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共11分)1．marathonn．马拉松赛跑2．genen．基因3．artificiallyadv.人为地，虚假地4．identicaladj.完全相同的，非常相似的5．mammaln．哺乳动物6．cameln．骆驼7．reproductiveadj.繁殖的，生殖的8．cluen．线索，提示9．provokevt.激起，引起10．ethicaladj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的11．inferioradj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共20分)1．justifyvt.证明……有道理，为……辩护2．participantn．参加者，参与者3．barriern．障碍，壁垒4．twinn．双胞胎中的一个5．foreveradv.永远；长久地6．emotionn．强烈的情感，激情7．crucialadj.至关重要的，关键性的8．boundadj.很有可能，肯定会9．mereadj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的10．abusevt.滥用，妄用；虐待n.滥用；虐待Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)1．biologyn．生物学→biologicaladj.生物的；生物学的→biologistn．生物学家2．bettermentn．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高→bettervt.改善，提高；超过；胜过3．editvi.&vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→editionn．版本，版次→editorn．编辑，主编4．whollyadv.完全地→wholeadj.完全的5．blessingn．福气，幸运→blessvt.祝福Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．egotisticaladj.自大的；自负的2．dronen．无人遥控飞机3．collisionn．碰撞事故；冲突，抵触4．lightweightadj.比通常重量轻的5．techniciann．技师，技术人员Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．junkfood不利健康的食品，垃圾食品2．leadto导致3．incomparisonwith与……比较起来4．agreatdealof大量5．beboundto一定；势必会Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)1．WhatimpressesusisMrWang’songoingcapabilitytochasehisdreams.Heisalwayscapableofachievinghisgoals.(capable)2．Whenyouareaskedtoinfersomethingfromthetext，youmustmakeinferencesaccordingtothepassageyoureadinsteadofyourimagination！(infer)3．Youwillneedtocalculatehowmuchtimetheassignmentwilltakeandmakearoughcalculation.(calculate)4．Don’tcompareeverythingyouhavewithothers，foryouwillfeelyourlifelesssatisfactorybycomparison.(compare)5．Theinjuredmanisbeingtreatednowbythemostskilfuldoctors，soheislikelytocometolifesoonafterthetreatment.(treat)6．Basedonaccuratedata，Icanaccuratelydescribetheprojectandinotherwords，myaccuracyreliesonrelevantdata.(accurate)7．Thephysicistwasinterestedinthesubject—physicsandvariousphysicalphenomenaattractedhisattention.(physical)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(junkfood，leadto，beboundto，beviewedas，comeintocontactwith)1．Inthepast，hisbadlearninghabitledtohispooracademicperformance.2．Heisviewedasaresponsible，kind-heartedandhard-workingdoctor.3．ThefirsttimeIcameintocontactwithhim，Iconsideredhimtobecompetentanddiligent.4．Consumingtoomuchjunkfoodisharmfultoourphysicalhealth，andweshouldkeepabalanceddiet.5．Youhavedonesomuchworkinadvancethatyouareboundtopasstheend-of-termexamination.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)1．怀特先生总是第一个来公司的人。(the＋序数词＋n.＋todo...)MrWhiteisalwaysthefirstpersontocometothecompany.2．虽然他的妻子经常告诉他，他不必这么早去那里，但他就是不听她的话。(while引导的让步状语从句)Whilehiswifeoftentellshimheneedn’tgotheresoearly，hejustwon’tlistentoher.3．他坚持认为他应该努力工作争取晋升。(insist后接that宾语从句用虚拟语气)Heinsistedthathe(should)workhardtogetpromoted.默写练习(二)Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共11分)1．organn．器官2．intaken．摄入量，摄取量3．epidemicn．传染病，流行病4．virusn．病毒5．variationn．变化物，变体；差异，变动6．bacterian．细菌7．samplen．样本，样品vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查8．lungn．肺9．trialn．试验；审判，审理10．underlinevt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线11．mineraln．矿物质；矿产Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共14分)1．containvt.包含，容纳，装盛2．factorn．因素，要素3．rareadj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的4．widespreadadj.分布广的，广泛流传的5．estimatevt.估计，估算6．visibleadj.看得见的7．symptomn．症状；征兆，症候8．buryvt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏9．posevt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等)n．(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态10．actualadj.实际的，真实的11．thoroughadj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的12．paragraphn．(文章的)段，段落13．needlen．针14．victimn．(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题3分，共15分)1．classifyvt.将……分类；把……归入一类→classifiedadj.分类的；机密的→classificationn．归类，分类，分级2．steadilyadv.稳定地→steadyadj.稳定的；稳固的→unsteadyadj.不稳定的3．systematicadj.系统化的，有条理的→systemn．系统，体系，制度4．correspondingadj.相应的；对应的→correspondvi.相一致；符合；类似于→correspondencen．一致；相似；相关；通信；信件5．identifyvt.确定，发现；认出，识别→identificationn．确定，发现；鉴定；辨认Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．moodyadj.喜怒无常的，情绪多变的2．choren．家庭杂务；日常琐事3．outweighvt.比……更重要；比……更有价值4．envisionvt.想象；展望5．inhabitantn．居民Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．beclassifiedas被归类为2．onrecord有记载的，记录在案的3．upto多达；直到4．inthecourseof在……期间，在……过程中5．resultin导致Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分)1．Hopingtocalmournerves，wedecidedtospendtheafternoonatthelake.However，theideaoftakingthesameboatwiththebossmademenervous.(nerve)2．Ididn’texpecttoreceiveoppositionfrommywife，butthistimeshewasopposedtomyproposalsomehow.(oppose)3．Becauseoftheeconomicdepression，myfathergotmuchlesssalariesthanbefore，andwewerealldepressedatthedepressingnews.(depress)4．Globalwarminghascausedgreatconcernandweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheglobe.(globe)5．Hemadesteadyprogressinhisstudyafterheworkeddayandnightsteadilyfornearlyafewmonths.(steady)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(beclassifiedas，upto，getthrough，resultin，comeupwith)1．GettingthroughthefirsttwochaptersiswhatIwilldotoday.2．Keepinmindthatwewillbedisqualifiedfromdrivingforuptothreeyears.3．Youcanrelyonhimtocomeupwithsomegoodsuggestionsonhowtosolveyourproblem.4．Asyouknow，EnglishasalanguagecanbeclassifiedasBritishorAmerican.5．Lastyearthebreakdownofhishealthresultedinhisabandoninghisplantotravelallovertheglobe.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)1．自来水还流着，我父亲就离开了家。(with的复合结构)Withthetapwaterrunning，myfatherleftthehouse.2．我从五岁起就一直学习英语，这让我很容易与英语母语者自由交流。(现在分词短语作结果状语)IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincefive，makingiteasyformetocommunicatewithnativeEnglishspeakersfreely.3．杂交水稻之父袁隆平被认为是中国最伟大的科学家之一。(sbbebelievedtobe...)YuanLongping，fatherofhybridrice，isbelievedtobeoneofthegreatestscientistsinChina.Inthecurrentera，whatpeopledohurtsnotonly1.themselves(they)butalsoanimals，suchassomecamels，cattle，apesandgoats.In2.comparison(compare)withwidespreadtraditionalofflinemedicalcare，remotemedicalcareismorecrucial,3.whichcanbreakthebarriersoftimeandspace，andprovidethebestdoctorsandtheaccuratetreatmentforpatients.Butsomeillegalorganizations,4.wholly(whole)ignoringtheethicalprinciples，areburiedineditingsomefalseadvertisementsartificiallyandabusingnetwork，providingsomefalsecluesforpatients.Itisbound5.tolead(lead)topermanenthurttopatients，whichwillprovokeangryemotionsandmust6.beforbidden(forbid)forever.Tomakematters7.worse(bad)，itisestimatedthatsomerareanimalsaredisappearing.Therearemanyfactorsfortheirdisappearance，andtheycanberoughlyclassifiedintotwocategories，partlybecausetheyhavenocapabilitytoadapttotheenvironment,8.andpartlybecauseofhumanactivities，whichposeathreattotheirhabitats.Itis9.depressing(depress)thatsomepeoplekillanimalsbecausetheyattributetheoutbreakofsomediseasestothevirusestheseanimalscarry.Fortunately，mostpeopleareopposed10.tothispracticeandcallforeffortstodevelopthoroughandsystematicmeasurestoprotectanimalsontheglobe.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇treatmentn．治疗；处理；待遇(treatn．乐事；款待vt.对待；治疗；请客)•undertreatment在治疗中•treat...as...把……看作……；把……视为……treatsbtosth用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人treatsbwith...以……方式对待某人(1)BecauseIwasundertreatment(treat)，mymotherwasstronglyopposedtomyfathertreatingmetojunkfood.(2)通过社区服务，我完全意识到，我们不仅要以尊重的方式对待无家可归的人，而且应该把他们看作平等的人。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)Throughthecommunityservice，Iwhollyrealizedthatnotonlyshouldwetreatthehomelesspeoplewithrespectbutwealsoshouldtreatthemasequalsouls.boundadj.肯定会，很有可能；受束缚的，受约束的；有义务的vi.跳跃，跳跃着前进；形成界限beboundtodo...肯定会……；有责任或义务做……beboundfor...准备前往……(1)(应用文写作之建议信)我相信，只有你全身心投入到比赛中，你才一定会成功。Iamconvincedthatonlyifyouaredevotedtothecompetitionareyouboundtosucceed.(2)在一个寒冷的日子里，告别了父母，我登上了一艘开往大西洋的巨轮。Onabittercoldday，aftersayinggoodbyetomyparents，Iwentaboardamassiveship(whichwas)boundforAtlanticOcean.classifyvt.分类，归类(classifiedadj.分类的；机密的classificationn．分类，类别)o...把……分为……classifysb/sthassth把……划分为/界定为……(1)Epidemicsfallintodifferentclassifications(classify)accordingtothewaytheyarespread.(2)(应用文写作之建议信)有人建议，当我们背诵单词时，应该把它们分成不同的类别。例如，有些词可以归类为与体育有关的词。Itissuggestedthatwords(should)beclassifiedintodifferentcategorieswhenwelearnthembyheart.Forinstance，somewordscanbeclassifiedassports-relatedwords.opposedadj.相反的；对立的(opposevt.反对；抵制；阻挠oppositeadj.对面的；相反的oppositionn．反对)•beopposedto(doing)sth反对(做)某事•oppose(doing)sth反对(做)某事opposesb/sb’sdoingsth反对某人做某事(1)Igotaseatopposite(oppose)amiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes，whokeptwatchingayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.(2021·北京)(2)Tobehonest，moststudentsopposegrouping(group)studentsrandomlyfortheupcomingoralpracticesessions.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)→Tobehonest，moststudentsareopposedtogroupingstudentsrandomlyfortheupcomingoralpracticesessions.(3)我强烈反对大卫放弃越野跑。他紧紧地闭上眼睛，思索着我的反对。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)IstronglyopposedDavid/David’sgivingupthecross-countryrun.Heclosedhiseyestightly,ponderingonmyopposition.(4)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)Becauseallofmyfriendswereopposedtomyplan，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.→Withallofmyfriendsopposedtomyplan，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.(用with复合结构改写)→Allofmyfriendsopposedtomyplan，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.(用独立主格结构改写)buryvt.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆盖；掩藏bury...in...把……埋到……；使……沉浸于……buryoneselfin(doing)．..埋头于/专心于……beburiedin专心于buryone’sfaceinone’shands双手掩面(1)(读后续写之动作链描写)他一屁股坐地上，双手掩面，开始伤心地哭起来。Hefloppeddownontheground，buriedhisfaceinhishandsandbegantoweepsadly.(2)我每天专心读英文报Youth并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)①Iburymyselfin/amburiedinreadingtheEnglishnewspaperYoutheverydayandhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.②Buryingmyselfin/BuriedinreadingtheEnglishnewspaperYoutheveryday，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(用分词短语作状语改写)suspectvt.怀疑n．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子(suspicionn．怀疑；疑心suspiciousadj.怀疑的；可疑的)•suspectsbof(doing)sth怀疑某人(做)某事suspectsbtobe/as...怀疑某人是……•besuspiciousof/about...对……怀疑(1)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)Hesuspectedmeofstealing(steal)theoldwoman’sgoldringandevenmybestfriendwassuspicious(suspect)aboutmypersonalqualities，soIburiedmyfaceinmyhands，sobbinguncontrollably.(2)那个陌生人被怀疑是间谍，正在接受警方的审问。Suspectedtobe/asaspy，thestrangerisbeingquestionedbythepolice.(3)我们认为那个受伤的参赛者可能跑不完马拉松，但实际上他凭着坚强的意志成功了。Wesuspectedthattheinjuredparticipantmaynotfinishthemarathon，butactuallyhemadeitwithstrongwillpower.用法点拨与suspectsbofsth结构相同的短语还有：informsbofsth通知某人某事；remindsbofsth提醒某人某事；robsbofsth抢劫某人某物；accusesbofsth控告某人某事；warnsbofsth警告某人某事。the＋序数词＋n.＋todo...Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes，monkeys，andhumans)tohavebeencloned！它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)!•本句中不定式短语tohavebeencloned作后置定语，修饰thefirst-everprimates。当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，常用不定式(短语)作后置定语。•英语中常用不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况：①被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；②被修饰词前有theonly，thevery，thenext等词对其进行修饰时；③不定代词something，nothing，little等后；④抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后。(1)ThoughDavidwasthelastparticipanttocross(cross)thefinishingline，hewonallofouradmirationandcheers.(2)(读后续写之主旨升华)事实上，我们在日常生活中都有值得感激的事情，但有时我们只是没有意识到。Asamatteroffact，weallhavesomethingtobegratefulforinourdailylife，butsometimeswejustdon’trealizeit.(3)约翰是第一个想到做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)JohnwasthefirstpersontothinkofmakingpopcorntohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.HewasconvincedthathehadtheabilitytohelpBernardoutofthedifficulty.(4)(应用文写作之申请信)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamtheonlystudentinmyclasstogoabroadforfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIamthebestpersontoberesponsibleforthejob.现在分词短语作结果状语Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea’spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。此句中的makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示意料、情理之中的结果；另外，动词不定式也可作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only，just等词连用。(1)(应用文写作之自荐信)Firstofall，IspeakfluentEnglish.Itpermitsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.→Firstofall，IspeakfluentEnglish，permittingmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)(2)(读后续写之片段描写)简气呼呼地走进森林，却发现自己认不清方向。更糟糕的是，天突然下起了大雨，使她更难找到离开这片陌生森林的路。Janestampedherfeetintotheforestangrily，onlytofindthatshecouldn’tidentifydirection.Worsestill，itrainedheavilysuddenly，makingitmoredifficulttofindherwayoutoftheunfamiliarforest.sb/sthbe＋过去分词＋todo...Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostsevereepidemicinhistory.在18个月内造成5000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。句中的“sb/sthbe＋过去分词＋todo...”可与“Itis＋过去分词＋that...”这个句型相互转换，根据具体情况，不定式可用一般式、进行式或完成式。(1)ThomasEdisonwasconsideredtohaveinvented(invent)thebulb，whichbenefitspeoplegreatly.(2)Hisdaughterissaidtobestudying(study)lawatuniversityandwillgraduatein2025.→Itissaidthathisdaughterisstudyinglawatuniversityandwillgraduatein2025.(用it作形式主语改写)(3)他被公认为是世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。①Heisacknowledgedas/tobeoneoftheworld’sgreatestphysicists.②Itisacknowledgedthatheisoneoftheworld’sgreatestphysicists.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．nerveeq\x(A.n.神经B.n.勇气C.vt.鼓足勇气)(1)Iwasgoingtohaveagoatparachutingbutlostmynerveatthelastminute.B(2)Withtheencouragementandcomfort，Ifinallynervedmyselftobravelyfacethebarrier.C(3)Once，whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆)，Ifellontothestones，damaginganerveinmyhand.(2021·全国甲)A2．poseeq\x(A.n.为画像、拍照等摆的姿势B.vi.摆好姿势C.vt.造成威胁、问题等D.vt.提出；质询)(1)Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsandposes.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)A(2)Pollutionposesathreattotheexistenceofthisspecies.C(3)WhenIfinallyposedthequestion，“Why？”hemerelyshrugged.D(4)HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow？(2020·天津)B3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Learningthathewasappointedasheadoftheteam，hecouldn’tcontainhisexcitementanddancedintothehouse.克制，抑制(感情)(2)Wecannotcalculateonhishelpbecauseheisnotreliable.指望(3)Wesampledaselectionofdifferentbottledwaters.品尝(4)IgotupearlytocatchthetrainthatwasboundforShanghai.开往(5)Asyouknow，IburymyselfinbooksattheschoolIamsofamiliarwith.埋头于(6)Itisbecausemorelifeexperiencemayhelppeoplebetteridentifyprioritiesinlife.(2021·北京)找到Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．TheliteraryworkADreaminRedMansionscontains120chapters，including(include)40chapterswrittenbyGao’E.2．Thegovernmentadvocatesclassifyingrubbishintofourcategories:recyclablewaste，unrecyclablewaste，harmfulwasteandotherwaste.3．Allofherrunshaveaguidingpurpose：tocallattentiontoglobal(globe)waterissues.(2023·北京)4．Buried(bury)inwritingasciencefictionnovel，shedidn’trealizeitbegantorainoutside.5．ItstruckmethatIcouldtreatthegirltoanabsorbingdramainreturnforherhelp.6．Somestudentsdorealizetheyareblessedwiththeopportunitytostudyinthebrightandspaciousclassrooms.However，otherstakeitforgranted.7．Isuspecttheso-calledpoetofcopyingothers’poemsbutIhavenosolidevidence.8．Inspiteoftheicycoldweather，mymotheristhefirsttoget(get)uptopreparebreakfast.9．Thescholar，whoissaidtohavegraduated(graduate)fromCambridgeUniversity，willgiveusalectureaboutEnglishpoetry.10．Ithinkthereisagoodreasonforherabsenceassherarely(rare)staysawayfromworkwithoutapproval.随着科学技术的发展，克隆技术的发展已经引起了人们极大的关注。人们对这个问题的看法也各不相同。请写一篇文章介绍人们对克隆技术的不同观点，并表明自己的立场。完成句子1．众所周知，科学家们在克隆技术方面取得了巨大的进步，这引发了关于克隆是福还是祸的激烈争论。(Itisknownthat...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．一些人支持克隆，说它可以带来医学进步，帮助世界各地濒危甚至灭绝物种的繁殖。(现在分词短语作状语)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．但另一方面，许多人强烈反对。(beopposedto)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．他们怀疑那些支持克隆的人在道德上是错误的，会给我们人类带来麻烦。(suspectthat...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．就我而言，我坚持认为，我们一方面应该促进其发展，另一方面应该加强对克隆技术的管理。(insist引导宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．只有当我们在这个微妙的问题上表现出极大的谨慎，我们才能从克隆中受益匪浅。(“only＋状语从句”位于句首引起的部分倒装)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文Itisknownthatscientistshavemadegreatprogressincloningtechnology，whichhasbroughtaboutaheateddebateoverwhethercloningisablessingoracurse.Somepeoplesupportcloning，sayingitcanbringmedicalprogressandhelpthereproductionofendangeredandevenextinctspeciesaroundtheworld.Butontheotherhand，manypeoplearestronglyopposedtoit.Theysuspectthatthosewhosupportcloningaremorallywrongandwouldbringtroubletoushumans.Asforme，Iinsistthatontheonehand，weshouldpromoteitsdevelopment，andontheotherhand，weshouldstrengthenthemanagementofcloningtechnology.Onlywhenweshowgreatcautiononthisdelicateissuecanwebenefitgreatlyfromcloning.教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]emotion；ethical；inferior；blessing；nerve；opposed；depressing[动作描写]justify；infer；calculate；innovate；abuse；locate；classi