（北师大版）新高考英语一轮复习讲义必修第二册UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．droughtn．旱灾，干旱2．hurricanen．飓风3．landsliden．滑坡；塌方4．volcanicadj.火山的；由火山作用引起的5．landscapen．风景，景色6．weedn．野草；海藻7．deern．鹿8．insectn．昆虫9．whalen．鲸10．dolphinn．海豚11．sharkn．鲨(鱼)12．kangaroon．袋鼠13．eaglen．鹰14．foxn．狐狸15．junglen．(热带)丛林16．whirlpooln．旋涡17．descentn．下降，下落18．tidaladj.潮汐的，潮水的19．barreln．桶20．extentn．面积；长度；范围；程度21．tuben．圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁22．lampn．灯23．sledgen．雪橇24．skin．滑雪板vi.滑雪25．polaradj.极地的，地极的26．continentn．洲，大洲；大陆27．tentn．帐篷28．brochuren．小册子29．aftershockn．(地震的)余震30．metaln．金属31．skiingn．滑雪运动32．originalityn．独创性；创造力Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．disastern．灾难；灾祸2．floodn．洪水，水灾3．wildlifen．野生动植物，野生生物4．commentn．评论；意见5．crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满人的6．livingadj.活的，活着的7．soiln．土壤8．climaten．气候9．lecturen．讲座，讲课；演讲10．overusevt.过度使用；滥用11．millionn．百万12．greenhousen．温室，暖房13．titlen．题目，标题vt.加标题14．waven．海浪；波涛；(情感的)一阵15．escapevi.&vt.逃离；逃避16．floatvi.浮；漂17．filen．档案，卷宗18．souln．灵魂19．edgen．边缘20．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援21．vehiclen．交通工具，车辆22．trapvt.困住；使陷于危险中23．attemptn．&vt.努力，尝试，企图24．damagen．伤害，损伤，损害25．measurevt.估量，衡量；测量26．overseasadv.在海外，在外国27．siten．场所，地点28．processn．过程，进程29．battlen．较量，竞争；斗争；战斗30．dutyn．职责，义务；责任31．sufferingn．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨32．nearbyadv.附近33．dustn．灰尘；尘埃34．captainn．上校；队长；组长35．basen．基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基地36．distantadj.久远的；遥远的37．sheltern．避难所38．variedadj.各种各样的，形形色色的39．scaryadj.可怕的，恐怖的40．harmlessadj.无害的Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．eruptionn．爆发→eruptv．爆发；喷出2．ecologyn．生态；生态学→ecologicaladj.生态学的；生态的3．shockvt.使震惊；使难以置信n．震惊；休克；冲击→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockedadj.震惊的4．survivevi.&vt.活下来；幸存→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者5．poetryn．诗歌；作诗的艺术→poemn．诗；诗歌→poetn．诗人6．mysteryn．神秘事物，难以理解的事物→mysteriousadj.神秘的；不可思议的7．frightenedadj.受惊的，害怕的→frighteningadj.令人害怕的→frightenv．使受惊；使惊恐8．horribleadj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horrorn．恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事→horriblyadv.害怕地；可怕地；极其地9．curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇心10．observationn．观察；观察结果→observev．观察；注意到；庆祝；遵守11．equaladj.相等的；相同的；平等的→equallyadv.同样地；平等地→equalityn．平等12．interruptvi.&vt.打断讲话→interruptionn．打断，打扰；中断时间13．deathn．死，死亡→diev．死亡→dyingadj.垂死的→deadadj.失去生命的；不再使用的14．lossn．丧失；死亡→losevt.失去；丢失；使迷路→lostadj.丢失的；迷路的15．operationn．行动，活动；手术；操作→operatev．运转；做手术；操作→operatorn．接线员；操作者16．conductvt.实施；执行；进行vi.&vt.指挥→conductorn．指挥；售票员17．protectionn．保护；防护→protectv．保护；防护→protectiveadj.保护的；防护的18．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn．呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的→breathlesslyadv.气喘吁吁地19．explorern．探险者；勘察者→explorev．探索；探究；勘察→explorationn．探索；探究；勘察20．preparationn．预备，准备→preparev．准备；预备21．anxiouslyadv.焦虑地；不安地；担忧地→anxiousadj.焦虑的，担心的→anxietyn．忧虑，焦虑22．ambitionn．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitiousadj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的23．cheerfuladj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheerv．使高兴；欢呼n．欢呼声24．provevt.证明；证实→proofn．证据25．honestyn．坦诚；诚实，正直→honestadj.诚实的→dishonestadj.不诚实的26．sincerityn．真诚，真挚，诚实→sincereadj.真诚的→sincerelyadv.诚挚地27．braveryn．勇气；勇敢的行为→braveadj.勇敢的→bravelyadv.勇敢地28．disappearancen．消失；消亡→disappearvi.消失；消亡；灭绝→appearvi.出现linkingv．看来；似乎1．impulsive/ɪm'pʌlsɪv/adj.冲动的，鲁莽的2．route/ruːt/n.路线3．lush/lʌʃ/adj.茂盛的，郁郁葱葱的4．flock/flɒk/n.(羊或鸟)群5．wreckage/'rekɪdʒ/n.残骸6．conspiracy/kən'spɪrəsi/n.密谋，阴谋7．imprison/ɪm'prɪzən/vt.监禁；禁锢8．debunk/ˌdiː'bʌŋk/vt.证明(思想或观念)错误9．skeptic/'skeptɪk/n.持怀疑态度的人10．notpullany/yourpunches(批评时)毫不留情11．cardboard/'kɑːdbɔːd/n.(硬)纸板，卡纸12．nauseous/'nɔːziəs/adj.恶心的，想呕吐的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．turnone’sback(onsb/sth)对……置之不理，对……撒手不管2．inthedirectionof朝……方向3．ontheedgeof在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)4．atgreatspeed高速地5．be/becomecuriousabout对……感到好奇6．intheend最后7．pickup去接(某人)；拿起；捡起；营救，搭救8．breathein吸气9．runout用完；耗尽10．onthewayto...在去往……的路上11．havedifficultywithsth在某事方面有困难12．breakdown停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Ittooklessthanasingledaytochangemyhairfromblacktowhite.(Ittakes/tooksbsometimetodo...)不到一天的时间，我的头发就由黑变白了。2．Ifeltsick，asifIwasfallingfromamountaintopinadream.(asif引导方式状语从句)我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。3．Thefirst，thelargerthebodieswere，themorerapidlytheyfell...(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)第一，物体越大，下落越快……4．Asyoucansee，thereasonwhyI’mheretotellthestoryisthatImadetherightdecision.(Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...)如你所见，我能在这里讲这个故事正是因为我做了正确的决定。5．ButwhatifI’mtrapped？(whatif...？)但是如果我被困住了怎么办？6．Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.(全部倒装)极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。7．ThenexttogowasCaptainOates，whowashavinggreatdifficultywalking.[havedifficulty(in)doing...]下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。默写练习(一)Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共13分)1．droughtn．旱灾，干旱2．hurricanen．飓风3．volcanicadj.火山的；由火山作用引起的4．landscapen．风景，景色5．weedn．野草；海藻6．insectn．昆虫7．dolphinn．海豚8．sharkn．鲨(鱼)9．kangaroon．袋鼠10．junglen．(热带)丛林11．whirlpooln．旋涡12．extentn．面积；长度；范围；程度13．tuben．圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共14分)1．disastern．灾难；灾祸2．floodn．洪水，水灾3．commentn．评论；意见4．crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满人的5．livingadj.活的，活着的6．climaten．气候7．lecturen．讲座，讲课；演讲8．waven．海浪；波涛9．escapevi.&vt.逃离；逃避10.floatvi.浮；漂11．souln．灵魂12．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援13．trapvt.困住；使陷于危险中14．attemptn．&vt.努力，尝试，企图Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)1．ecologyn．生态；生态学→ecologicaladj.生态学的；生态的2．poetryn．诗歌；作诗的艺术→poemn．诗；诗歌→poetn．诗人3．mysteryn．神秘事物，难以理解的事物→mysteriousadj.神秘的；不可思议的4．observationn．观察；观察结果→observev．观察；注意到；庆祝；遵守5．lossn．丧失；死亡→losevt.失去；丢失；使迷路→lostadj.丢失的；迷路的Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．routen．路线2．cardboardn．(硬)纸板，卡纸3．wreckagen．残骸4．conspiracyn．密谋，阴谋5．notpullany/yourpunches(批评时)毫不留情Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题3分，共15分)1．turnone’sback(onsb/sth)对……置之不理，对……撒手不管2．inthedirectionof朝……方向3．ontheedgeof在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)4．atgreatspeed高速地5．be/becomecuriousabout对……感到好奇Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共18分)1．ThevolcanoeruptedonWednesdayandahugecloudofgasanddustfromtheeruptioncoveredthewholesky.(erupt)2．Lookingatthenewspaperinshock，theboywasshockedattheshockingnews.(shock)3．Thetwosurvivorstoldushowtheysurvivedthewhirlpool，andwewereamazedattheirsurvival.(survive)4．Horriblesoundofthefirecrackersfrightenedthedoggreatly，andthedogtrembledinhorror.(horror)5．Theboywascuriousabouteverythingandheaskedmanyquestionscuriously，sohisfatheransweredthemtosatisfyhiscuriosity.(curious)6．Theyoungmanwasequaltothejob，butdidn’tgetequalityinwages，whichlethimdown.(equal)7．Wewerehavingameetingwhenamaninterrupteditandeveryonewasannoyedatthesuddeninterruption.(interrupt)8．DoctorYuanLongpingdiedinMay,2021andhisdeathleftChineseinsorrow.Althoughhehasbeendeadforquitealongtime，wearestillmissinghim.(die)9．ThefrighteningscenefrightenedmysonandIgatheredmyfrightenedboyintomyarms.(frighten)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分)eq\x(turnone’sbackon，inthedirectionof，ontheedgeof，becuriousabout，intheend)1.IaskedwhereStevewasandshenoddedinthedirectionofthekitchen.2．Beingcuriousaboutvariousthingsbenefitsyougreatlybecauseitwillhelpyoutolearn.3．Itwon’tbeeasyinthebeginningbutwewillmakeitintheendifwetryourbest.4．AsfarasIamconcerned，turningyourbackonyourshortcomingsonlymakesyoufallbehindothers.5．Hearingthesadstory，alloftheaudiencewereontheedgeoftears.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)1．昨天，我们花了一整个下午才穿过丛林。(Ittakes/tooksbsometimetodo...)Ittookusawholeafternoontogothroughthejungleyesterday.2．令人生气的是，他们完全忽视了这些问题，好像它们从来不存在似的。(asif)Itwasannoyingthattheycompletelyignoredtheseproblemsasiftheyhadneverexisted.3．令我失望的是，我越想成功，我犯的错误就越多。(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)Tomydisappointment，themoreIwantedtosucceed，themoremistakesImade.默写练习(二)Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)1．lampn．灯2．skin．滑雪板vi.滑雪3．polaradj.极地的，地极的4．continentn．洲，大洲；大陆5．tentn．帐篷6．brochuren．小册子7．aftershockn．(地震的)余震8．metaln．金属9．skiingn．滑雪运动10．originalityn．独创性；创造力Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共17分)1．damagen．伤害，损伤，损害2．measurevt.估量，衡量；测量3．overseasadv.在海外，在外国4．siten．场所，地点5．processn．过程，进程6．battlen．较量，竞争；斗争；战斗7．dutyn．职责，义务；责任8．sufferingn．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨9．nearbyadv.附近10．dustn．灰尘；尘埃11．captainn．上校；队长；组长12．basen．基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基地13．distantadj.久远的；遥远的14．sheltern．避难所15．variedadj.各种各样的，形形色色的16．scaryadj.可怕的，恐怖的17.harmlessadj.无害的Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)1．operationn．行动，活动；手术；操作→operatev．运转；做手术；操作→operatorn．接线员；操作者2．conductvt.实施；执行；进行vi.&vt.指挥→conductorn．指挥；售票员3．protectionn．保护；防护→protectv．保护；防护→protectiveadj.保护的；防护的4．cheerfuladj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheerv．使高兴；欢呼5．provevt.证明；证实→proofn．证据Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．impulsiveadj.冲动的，鲁莽的2．imprisonvt.监禁；禁锢3．debunkvt.证明(思想或观念)错误4．skepticn．持怀疑态度的人5．flockn．(羊或鸟)群Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．pickup去接(某人)；拿起；捡起；营救，搭救2．breathein吸气3．runout用完；耗尽4．onthewayto...在去往……的路上5．havedifficultywithsth在某事方面有困难Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共18分)1．Theexplorerstoldusmanythingsabouttheexploration，whichincludedmanyadventures.(explore)2．Myparentshavemadefullpreparationsforthepicnic，sonoweverythingiswellprepared.(prepare)3．Ifyouinteractwithotherssincerely，theywillbestruckbyyoursinceritysoonerorlater.(sincere)4．Theoldfather，whowasanxiousabouthisson’ssafereturn，waitedattheexitofthestationwithanxiety，twistinghishandsanxiously.(anxious)5．Thoseonceambitiousyoungmensadlyfoundthattheirambitionshadabandonedthem.(ambition)6．Myfathertellsmetobeanhonestpersonandhebelievesthathonestyisthebestpolicy.(honest)7．Thebraveboyjumpedintotheriverbravelytosavethedrowninggirl，andweallpraisedhimforhisbravery.(brave)8．Manyanimalshavedisappearedinthepastdecades，butitappearsthatpeopledon’tcareaboutthedisappearanceofthesespecies.(appear)9．Theairatthetopofthemountainwashardtobreatheandsoonwebecameoutofbreath.Mysistertoldmebreathlesslythatshewouldnevercomeagain.(breath)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分)eq\x(pickup，breathein，runout，havedifficultywith，breakdown)1.Mymoneyisrunningout，soImustwithdrawsomefromthebankthisafternoon.2．Inthemorningheopensthewindowwideandbreathesindeeply.3．Finallytheirmarriagebrokedownbecausetheyoftenquarreledwitheachotherfiercely.4．Nowordsarestrongenoughtoexpressmygratitudetoyouforpickingupmysonattheairportinsteadofme.5．HehasdifficultywithEnglish，soIwilltrymybesttohelphimwiththeextremelyimportantsubject.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共20分)1．我不能和你一起去书店的原因是明天下午我有一个重要的会议要参加。(Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...)ThereasonwhyIcan’tgowithyoutothebookstoreisthatIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattendtomorrowafternoon.2．接着从黑暗中传来一道我们从来没有听过的声音，我们的腿不由自主地颤抖。(全部倒装)Thencameavoiceoutofthedarknesswehadneverheardbeforeandourlegstrembleduncontrollably.3．我感到很紧张，甚至觉得自己呼吸困难。(havedifficultyindoing...)Feelingsonervous，IevenfeltIhaddifficultyinbreathing.4．我要是找不到走出这可怕树林的路可怎么办？我怕得打冷战。(whatif)WhatifIcouldn’tfindthewayoutofthisscaryforest?Iwaschilledwithfear.Infact，itwasoutofcuriositythatIattendedthelecturegivenbyafamousexplorer,1.whohadjustreturnedfromadistantcontinent.2.Expecting(expect)tohearvariedhorribleexperiencesandmysteriesintheprocessofhisexploration，Iwenttothesitecheerfully.Heindeedsharedsomestoriesofbattlingagainstnaturewithbravery，inoneofwhichhisvehiclebroke3.downinthepolarareabecausethegashadrunout.4.Trapped(trap)inthescarysnowstorm，heattempted5.tocall(call)forrescuethroughthephone，butitproveduseless.Frightenedandhungry，hewasatalossandwasfacedwithdeathseveraltimes.Hewaswalkinganxiouslyuntilhe6.found(find)shelterinanearbybase.Besides，thesufferingofwildlifeshockedus.Accordingtohis7.observation(observe)，millionsofanimalsareontheedgeofdisappearance.Apartfromnatural8.disasters(disaster)suchasflood，drought，landslides，volcaniceruptionsandhurricane，tosomeextent，toomuchgreenhousegasalsocauseddamagetothem.Insteadofturningourbackontheterribleclimate，weshouldtakemeasurestoconductwildlifeprotection.Havingheardhislecture，Ifind9.iteveryone’sdutytokeepthebalanceofecology.Equallyimportantisthatweshouldhandoutsomebrochurestoteachpeopletoobserve10.natural(nature)laws.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇shockvt.使震惊；使难以置信n.休克；打击；震惊(shockingadj.令人震惊的shockedadj.感到震惊的)•inshock震惊地；休克benumbwithshock震惊得目瞪口呆•beshockedby/at...对……感到震惊beshockedtodo...因做……而震惊(1)(读后续写之心理描写)Hewasontheedgeofbreakingdown，notutteringaword，butpointedtothedistanceinshock.(2)听到我的搭档住院的消息，我很震惊。与此同时，我很震惊地发现我别无选择，只能自己完成我们的项目。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)Iwasshockedby/atthenewsthatmypartnerwasadmittedtohospital.Meanwhile，IwasshockedtofindthatIhadnooptionbuttofinishourprojectonmyown.(3)(读后续写之神态描写)看见从窗户喷出的可怕的浓烟，他惊呆了。Seeinghorribleheavysmokeshootingoutofthewindow，hewasnumbwithshock.escapevi.&vt.逃离；逃避；被遗忘；(气体、液体等)泄漏n.逃脱；逃避；漏出•escapefrom从……逃脱；逃避……escapedoing/beingdone逃避(被)做某事•haveanarrowescape死里逃生；侥幸躲过(1)Thefrighteneddeerattemptedtoescapebeingcaught(catch)bythetiger，butinvain.(2)(读后续写之逃生)我离开帐篷才死里逃生。我刚从里面逃出来它就烧毁了。Ihadanarrowescapebyleavingthetent.HardlyhadIescapedfromitwhenitburneddown.survivevi.&vt.活下来；幸存；比……活得长(survivorn．幸存者survivaln．幸存；生还)survivesth幸免于；从……中活过来surviveon靠……存活下来AsurviveB(by＋时间)A比B活得长(……)(1)Iftheexplorercouldn’tfindhiswayoutofthejungle，therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．(2)Allthesurvivors(survive)havebeenrescuedfromthehorriblelandslideandsenttoanearbyshelter.(3)WhenIrealizedthatthepoorboysurvivedondiscarded(丢弃的)food，awaveofsadnessandsympathywashedoverme.(4)Toeveryone’sshock，despiteherpoorhealth，shesurvivedherhusbandbyfiveyears.curiousadj.好奇的(curiosityn．好奇；好奇心curiouslyadv.好奇地)•becuriousabout对……感到好奇becurioustodosth极想做某事•outofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone’scuriosity满足某人的好奇心(1)Curiousabouttheprocessofmakingalamp，theboywenttothefactorytomakeacarefulobservation.(2)出于好奇，我蹑手蹑脚地进入了破旧的牛奶房，在那里我发现了一只被蜘蛛网困住的蜂鸟。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)Outofcuriosity，Icreptintothebrokenmilkinghouse，whereIspottedahummingbirdtrappedinspider-webs.(3)我们很想了解周围的植物，因此，为了满足我们的好奇心，我们好奇地探索高中校园。(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)Wewerecurioustolearnabouttheplantsaroundusandasaresult，tomeet/satisfyourcuriosity，weexploredtheseniorhighcampuscuriously/withcuriosity.equaladj.相等的；相同的；能胜任的n.同等的人；相等物linkingv．与……相等，等于vt.比得上(equalityn．平等；相等equallyadv.相等地；公平地)•beequalto(doing)sth等于/胜任(做)某事•equalsb/sthin(doing)sth在(做)某事上比得过某人/物•withoutequal无与伦比(1)ThepersonIrespectmostismyheadteacherwhoattachesgreatimportancetohonesty，sincerity，braveryandequality，sohetreatseachofusstudentsequally.(equal)(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)(2)(应用文写作之申请信)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样吸引人的是，我的沟通技巧无与伦比。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。Firstly，nobodycanequalmeinoralEnglish.EquallyattractiveisthatIamwithoutequalincommunicationskills.SoIholdthefirmbeliefthatIamequaltothejobasavolunteerforthefair.attemptn．&vt.企图；试图；尝试；努力(attemptedadj.未遂的)•attempttodosth尝试(试图)做某事•makeanattempt/attempts(todosth)尝试(做某事)atthefirstattempt第一次尝试(1)Althoughhesurvivedtheattempted(attempt)murder，ittookhimquitealongtimetoreturntonormal.(2)我尝试向无家可归的人分发食物，但我笨手笨脚的。我不安地皱了皱眉。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)Iattempted/madeanattempttodistributefoodtothehomelesspeople，butIwasallthumbs.Ifrownedanxiously.(3)老师拍了拍我的肩膀，温柔地说：“你第一次尝试，失败是很正常的，坚持不懈很重要。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Myteacherpattedmeontheshoulder，sayinggently，“Itisquitenormalforyoutofailatthefirstattemptandperseverancematters.”measurevt.测量；估量；衡量linkingv．量度为n.措施(measurementn．尺寸；大小；测量)•measure...by...用……来衡量……bemeasuredby/in用……来衡量/计算•takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth采取措施做某事makesthtoone’smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物(1)Accordingtothelecture，youcan’tmeasuresomeonebytheirappearancesandtheclothestheywear.(2)Inthatdistantcontinent，treesareextremelytall，somemeasuring(measure)over90metersinheight.(3)Thetailorinsistedthatheshouldmakeclothestomyownmeasure.(4)我们只有采取适当的措施来提高环保意识，才能在不久的将来建成一个绿色的北京。(2023·北京，书面表达)Onlyifwetakeappropriatemeasurestopromote/raisetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotectioncanwebuildagreenBeijinginthenearfuture.breathevi.&vt.呼吸(breathn．呼吸breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的)•breathein/out吸气/呼气breatheasighofrelief松了一口气•inonebreath一口气；同时holdone’sbreath屏息；屏气take/drawadeepbreath深呼吸outofbreath喘不过气(1)Believeitornot，thefirsttimeIhappenedtoreadthenewspaperYouthacoupleofmonthsago，Ifeltanurgetofinishreadingitinonebreath(breathe)．(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)(2)Ithasbeenprovedthatinthedaytime，plantsbreatheincarbondioxideandbreatheoutoxygen.(3)(记叙文写作之活动介绍)大约两小时后，我们都到了山顶。尽管(累得)上气不接下气，但我们收获了美丽的风景。About2hourslater，weallreachedthetop.Thoughoutofbreath/breathless，wewererewardedwithbeautifulscenery.(4)(读后续写之乐于助人)我深吸一口气，跳入水中，救了那个溺水的女孩。在进行急救后，我屏住呼吸，等待她恢复意识。看到她正常呼吸之后，我松了一口气。Itook/drewadeepbreath，divedintothewaterandsavedthedrowninggirl.Afterconductingfirstaid，Iheldmybreath，waitingforhertobecomeconscious.Afterobservingherbreathenormally，Ibreathedasighofrelief.anxiouslyadv.焦虑地；不安地(anxiousadj.焦急的；不安的；渴望的anxietyn．忧虑，担心；渴望)•beanxiousaboutsth/forsb为……担忧beanxioustodo/that...渴望(做)……•withanxiety＝anxiouslyadv.焦急地(1)Themotherwasanxiousforherlittlesonwhenknowingthathewasfrightenedbyahorribleaccident.(2)(读后续写之心理描写)他焦虑地等待着结果，如坐针毡。Hewaswaitingfortheresultsanxiously/withanxietyasifhehadbeenonpinsandneedles.(3)大卫渴望参加越野赛，但是他害怕别人嘲笑他，他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)①Davidwasanxioustoparticipatein/takepartinthecross-countryrun.Buthewasscaredofbeinglaughedatbyothers.Hewassoanxiousthattearsofanxietyrolleddownhischeeks.(beanxioustodo；so...that...)②Davidwasanxiousthathecouldparticipatein/takepartinthecross-countryrun.Buthewasscaredofbeinglaughedatbyothers.Soanxiouswashethattearsofanxietyrolleddownhischeeks.(beanxiousthat；倒装句)runout用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态)runoutof用完；耗尽(主语为人)runacross偶然遇见runafter追捕；跟踪；追求runinto撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等)runfor竞选；匆匆去取用run短语的适当形式填空(1)Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities，Wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhat’sneeded.(2019·北京)(2)Theexplorerranacross/intomuchunexpectedtroubledespitethepreparationshehadmade.(3)Withafiercedogrunningafterit，thefoxescapedintothejungleasfastasitcould.(4)Jane’senergywasrunningoutandthenherhusbandemerged，makinghersmilethroughtears.(5)(应用文写作之建议信)LearningthatyouarerunningforthepositionofchairmanoftheStudentCouncil，Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomedo’sanddon’ts.breakdown停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉；消除(矛盾或情态等)breakup结束；(使)破碎；(使)散开breakin(不及物)破门而入；打断(谈话等)breakinto(及物)强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱、跑等)breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)breakawayfrom脱离；挣脱用break短语的适当形式填空(1)(应用文写作之求助信)Duetoaterriblequarrel，webrokeupandheevenbrokeawayfromourorganization.Idon’tknowhowtobreakdownourconflict，socouldyoupleasebekindenoughtooffermesomeproposals?(2)Wewerediscussinganxiouslywhenhebrokein，“Perhapssomeonehadbrokenintotheroomandsetafiretoit，sothefirebrokeout.”the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..Thefirst，thelargerthebodieswere，themorerapidlytheyfell...第一，物体越大，下落越快……•“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”。•“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。•“themore...，theless...”意为“越……，越不……”。(1)Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepave，theless(little)watercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater.(2)(读后续写之心理描写)她越想这件事，就越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。Themoreshethoughtaboutit，themorefrightenedshefelt，herpalmssweatingandherheartpoundingwildly.(3)我读的报纸越多，我的英语就越好。所以我真诚地希望你们的报纸越来越好，越来越多的人从中受益。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)ThemoreIreadthenewspaper，thebettermyEnglishis.SoIsincerelyhopethatyournewspaperwillbebetterandbetterandmoreandmorepeoplewillbenefitfromit.用法点拨“the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”相当于表示条件的状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来意义。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．observeeq\x(A.观察B.庆祝C.遵守)(1)Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears，manyChinesestillobservetraditionalcustoms.C(2)“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor，”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening...”(2023·新课标Ⅰ)A(3)CouldyoutellmehowyouusuallyobserveHarvestDayinyourcountry？B2．breakdowneq\x(A.机器出故障B.物质分解C.计划失败D.身体垮掉E.情不自禁地哭起来)(1)Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthenews.E(2)Ifyouworkhardlikethat，youwillbreakdownoneday.D(3)Really，thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownontheway，whichmademydadintrouble.(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)A(4)ResearchersinSpainandEnglandhaverecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene，whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.B(5)Allourplansbrokedownbecauseofhisopposition.C3．conducteq\x(A.vt.引导B.vi.&vt.指挥C.vt.传导热或电等能量D.vt.实施，执行E.vt.表现，举止)(1)Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases，theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequiteaccurate.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)D(2)Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.E(3)Theguideconductedusaroundtheruinsoftheancientcity.A(4)Mostmetalscanconductelectricity.C(5)Dennishasrecentlybegunasuccessfulcareerconductingopera.B4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Itwasashameformetobelecturedinfrontofthewholeclass.训斥(2)Theemperorconferred(授予)atitleonthebravesoldier.头衔，称号(3)Heisseekingalargesumofdamagesfromtheairlineforpersonalinjury.赔偿金(4)“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”saysKathrynWhitehead.提出(5)Severalofthosewhosurvivedtheaccidenthavebeentakentohospitalinastateofshock.休克(6)I’msorry，butyournameescapesme.被遗忘Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Iwasshocked(shock)atthenewsthatIgotmyprivacyleakedasaresultofusingmysmartphone.2．Thesailorssteeredtheshipcarefullytoescapebeingharmed(harm)bythepowerfulwaves.3.Obviously，hissurvival(survive)dependsonhisperseverancetoadegree.4．Outofcuriosity(curious)，thegirlpressedtheredbuttonofthedeviceregardlessofthewarning.5．Inmyopinion，theyoungmanisequaltothejobonaccountofhiscreativity.6．Tomyamazement，ourfirstattempttodevelop(develop)anewsoftwarewasagreatsuccess.7．Wemusttakeinstantmeasures(measure)toensurethesafetyoftheproject.8．Manyrecommendationscameupattheconferenceaboutwildlifeprotection(protect)．9.Inaddition，takingadeepbreath(breathe)beforetakinganexamcanhelpyourelieveyourstress.10．Thesebusinessmenanxiously(anxious)waitedforthedetailedcontentsofthelatestpolicy.11．Withmymoneyrunningout，Ihavetoaskmysistertodomeafavourbylendingmeafewdollars.12．Tomakemattersworse，hiscarbrokedownatalocationwherenohelpwasaccessible.13．Themorecarefulyouare，thefewer(few)errorsyouwillmake.14．Mycousin，whoisaddictedtocomputergames，hasdifficultyconcentrating(concentrate)onhisacademicwork.假如你是李华，在得知某地发生地震后，作为你校的学生会主席，你决定给灾区的中学生写一封慰问信，主要内容包括：1.表达安慰；2.救援队已到达进行援助；3.表达希望和对其重建家园的信心。完成句子1．听说你们的家乡意外地发生了一场可怕的地震，我很震惊。(shock)2．我很想借此机会向在地震中遭受巨大苦难的人们表达我最深切的同情和关心。(anxious；定语从句)3．得知救援队已经赶到你们的家乡伸出援助之手，我松了一口气。(breatheasighofrelief)4．他们试图营救被困在废墟中的人们，完全将他们自身的安全抛在脑后，值得我们的尊重和钦佩。(attempttodo；现在分词短语作状语；非限制性定语从句)5．在政府和全国人民的帮助下，更多的人避免了在灾难中丧生的命运。(escapedoing)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文Dearfriends，I’mLiHua，chairmanoftheStudentCouncil.Iamshockedtohearthatahorribleearthquakeunexpectedlybrokeoutinyourhometown.Iamanxioustotakethisopportunitytoexpressmydeepestsympathyandconcernforthepeoplewhosufferedgreatlyintheearthquake.Learningthatrescueteamshaverushedtoyourhometowntolendahelpinghand，Ibreatheasighofrelief.Theyhaveattemptedtorescuepeopletrappedinruins，totallyleavingtheirownsafetybehind，whichdeservesourrespectandadmiration.What’smore，withtheaidofthegovernmentandpeopleacrossthecountry，morepeoplehaveescapedbeingkilledinthedisaster.I’