（北师大版）新高考英语一轮复习讲义必修第二册UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．appn．应用程序2．self-focusedadj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的3．downloadvt.下载4．avatarn．(网络上代表个人的)头像，虚拟替身，图标5．identityn．身份；特征6．2D(2-dimensional)adj.二维的7．sexn．性别8．sensibleadj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的9．blogn．博客；网络日志vi.写博客10．hairstylen．发型，发式11．virtualadj.虚拟的；模拟的12．subscribevi.订阅，订购13．VR(VirtualReality)虚拟现实14．AR(AugmentedReality)增强现实15．MR(MixedReality)混合现实16．softwaren．计算机软件17．devicen．设置，装置18．mobiledevice移动设备19．buttonn．按钮20．gendern．性别21．goodsn．商品22．errorn．错误；失误23．trivialadj.没有什么价值的；微不足道的24．tabletn．平板电脑；药片；碑，牌25．emojin．表情符号26．thought-provokingadj.发人深省的，令人深思的27．authorityn．权威人士；专家28．profilen．人物简介；传略29．fantasyn．幻想作品30．digitisevt.把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化31．sailorn．水手，海员32．wristbandn．腕带Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．impactn．影响；作用2．addictedadj.对……着迷的；沉迷的3．indeedadv.确实；当然4．superadj.极好的，了不起的5．imagen．图像；形象6．fancyadj.花哨的；别致的7．trickvt.欺骗，诱骗，哄骗n．把戏；技巧；诀窍8．experimentvi.&vt.做试验，进行实验n.实验9．nowadaysadv.现今，现时10．selectionn．选择；供选择的同类物品11．typevi.&vt.打；打字n.类型，种类12．cheatvt.欺骗；欺诈n．欺骗行为；骗子13．viewvt.看，把……视为14．ensurevt.确保，保证15．materialn．材料；素材16．confirmvt.确认；证实17．replacevt.取代；接替18．hugn．&vt.拥抱；紧抱19．contentn．内容20．shallowadj.肤浅的，浅薄的21．percentn．百分比；百分数22．opinionn．意见；看法；主张23．maintainvt.保持；维持24．smartphonen．智能手机25．briefadj.简洁的，简明的26．seriesn．系列27．authorn．作者，作家28．amazingadj.了不起的；惊人的29．policyn．政策，方针Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1.enablevt.使可能，使发生；使能够→ableadj.有能力的，能干的→disablevt.使残疾；使失去能力→disabledadj.残疾的；丧失能力的2．conveniencen．方便，便利→convenientadj.方便的，便利的→inconvenientadj.不方便的3．effectn．效应；影响；效果→effectiveadj.有效的；产生预期效果的；起作用的→affectvt.影响；使感动；使感染(疾病)4．recommendationn．建议，提议；推荐→recommendvt.建议；推荐5．explorevt.探险；探究；探讨→explorern．探险家；考察者→explorationn．探险；探索6．personalityn．个性，性格→personaladj.个人的→personn．人7．admitvi.&vt.承认→admissionn．承认；入场费；允许进入8．alarmn．闹钟；惊恐，惊慌vt.使惊恐→alarmingadj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的→alarmedadj.担心的；害怕的9．varietyn．多样化，变化→variousadj.各种各样的；千差万别的→varyvi.不同；变化→variedadj.各种各样的，形形色色的10．creativityn．创造力；独创性→createvt.创造→creativeadj.创造性的→creationn．创造(物)11．obviouslyadv.明显地，显而易见地→obviousadj.明显的12．concernn．担忧，忧虑vt.与……有关；使担心→concernedadj.关切的，关心的→concerningprep.关于13．accommodationn．住处；住宿；工作场所→accommodatevt.为……提供住宿；容纳14．powerfuladj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的；有权势的→powern．能力；力量；权力；电力供应15．latestadj.最新的；最近的→lateadj.晚的；迟到的→latelyadv.最近；不久前16．realityn．现实；真实→realadj.真实的；真正的→reallyadv.真正地17．accountn．账户→accountantn．会计(员)；会计师18．pressvt.按→pressuren．压力19．favourn．恩惠；善意的行为；支持→favouriteadj.最喜欢的→favourableadj.赞成的；有利的20．delivervi.&vt.递送；传送；使分娩→deliveryn．递送；配送；分娩21．harmn．&vt.伤害，损害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的22．argumentn．论点；论据→arguev．争论；辩论23．concentratevi.专注，专心；集中注意力→concentrationn．专注；集中24．rewardingadj.有益的；有意义的→rewardvt.&n．报答；回报；奖励25．additionn．增添；添加→addv．增添；增加；补充说；(使)相加→additionaladj.附加的；额外的；追加的→additionallyadv.除此之外；此外26．basisn．基础；基点→basen．基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基础→basicadj.基础的；基本的→basicallyadv.基本上27．focusvi.&vt.集中(注意力)n．焦点→focusedadj.注意力集中的28．limitingadj.局限的，限制性的→limitvt.&n．限制→limitedadj.有限的29．locationn．地点；位置→locatedadj.位于→locatevt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)30．optionaladj.可选择的；非强制的→optionn．选择31．imaginaryadj.想象的，虚构的→imaginev．想象→imaginationn．想象(力)；创造力→imaginativeadj.富于想象力的；创新的32．privacyn．隐私；私密→privateadj.私人的；秘密的→privatelyadv.私下地33．accessibleadj.易懂的；易得到的→accessn．途径；通路；机会；权利vt.进入；接近1．birthrate/'bɜːθreɪt/n.出生率2．lifeexpectancy预期寿命3．harsh/hɑːʃ/adj.严厉的，苛刻的；艰苦的4．lenient/'liːniənt/adj.宽大的，仁慈的5．rebellious/rɪ'beljəs/adj.叛逆的；造反的6．disobedience/ˌdɪsə'biːdiəns/n.不顺从，不服从，违抗7．frustrating/frʌ'streɪtɪŋ/adj.令人懊丧的，令人懊恼的8．precedent/'presɪdənt/n.先例，前例9．productivity/ˌprɒdʌk'tɪvəti/n.生产率；生产量，生产力10．stroke/strəʊk/n.中风11．diabetes/ˌdaɪə'biːtiːz/n.糖尿病12．dementia/dɪ'menʃə/n.痴呆Ⅳ.背核心短语1．beaddictedto沉迷2．avarietyof各种各样的3．enablesbtodo...使某人能够做……4．insteadof代替，而不是5．morethan多于；不仅仅；非常6．lookforwardto盼望，期盼7．pointout指出8．moreorless或多或少9．beconcernedwith关心……10．inaddition除此之外11．focuson关注12．compareto与……相比13．notnecessarily不一定14．stayintouchwith和……保持联系15．onthemove在行进中；在移动中16．onthebasisof根据；以……为基础17．sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物18．carefor照顾；喜欢Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Thesedigitalidentities，knownasavatars，areakeypartofhowpeopleusetheInternettocommunicateandexpressthemselves.(过去分词短语作后置定语)这些数字身份，被称作“虚拟形象”，是人们利用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。2．WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether，itcanalsoharmfriendships.(while引导让步状语从句)虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。3．Accordingtoaparentingexpert，DeniseDaniels，communicatingthroughascreenmakesitmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.(it作形式宾语)根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。4．Youcanstayintouchwithfriendsnomatterwhereyouareorwhatyouaredoing.(“nomatter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句)无论你在哪里，在做什么，都可以和朋友保持联系。5．Tome，thisisaverythought-provokingargument，asitpointsoutthebenefitsofonlinefriendships.(as引导原因状语从句)对我来说，这非常发人深省，因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。6．That’swhyIbelievethatbooksaboutforeignculturesorimaginaryworldsarethebest！(Thatiswhy...)那就是为什么我认为关于外国文化或想象世界的书是最好的！默写练习(一)Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)1．self-focusedadj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的2．downloadvt.下载3．identityn．身份；特征4．sensibleadj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的5．blogn．博客；网络日志vi.写博客6．hairstylen．发型，发式7．virtualadj.虚拟的；模拟的8．subscribevi.订阅，订购9．softwaren．计算机软件10．mobiledevice移动设备Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共11分)1．impactn．影响；作用2．indeedadv.确实；当然3．superadj.极好的，了不起的4．imagen．图像；形象5．fancyadj.花哨的；别致的6．trickvt.欺骗，诱骗，哄骗7．experimentvi.&vt.做试验，进行实验n.实验8．nowadaysadv.现今，现时9．selectionn．选择；供选择的同类物品10．typevi.&vt.打；打字n.类型，种类11．cheatvt.欺骗；欺诈Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)1．personalityn．个性，性格→personaladj.个人的→personn．人2．alarmn．闹钟；惊恐；惊慌vt.使惊恐→alarmingadj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的→alarmedadj.担心的；害怕的3．obviouslyadv.明显地，显而易见地→obviousadj.明显的4．accommodationn．住处；住宿；工作场所→accommodatevt.为……提供住宿；容纳5．latestadj.最新的；最近的→lateadj.晚的；迟到的→latelyadv.最近；不久前6．realityn．现实；真实→realadj.真实的；真正的→reallyadv.真正地7．accountn．账户→accountantn．会计(员)；会计师Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．birthraten．出生率2．rebelliousadj.叛逆的；造反的3．precedentn．先例，前例4．stroken．中风5．dementian．痴呆Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．beaddictedto沉迷2．avarietyof各种各样的3．insteadof代替，而不是4．morethan多于；不仅仅；非常5．moreorless或多或少Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分)1．HehadtoadmitthatitwasnoteasytogainadmissiontotheBuckinghamPalace.(admit)2．Lastyearhecametopowerandbecamethemostpowerfulmaninthecompany.(power)3．Forvariousreasons，ourschoolorganizesvarietiesofactivities，varyingfrombasketballmatchestoEnglishspeechcompetitions.(vary)4．It’sveryconvenientformetobuysomefoodsbecausethereisaconveniencestorenearmyhome.(convenient)5．Theeffectivemeasuresthegovernmenthastakenwillhavegreateffectsonpeople’slife.(effect)6．Theyoungmanwasrecommendedasmanagerofthebigcompanythankstotherecommendationletterofhisprofessor.(recommend)7．Manyexplorersareexploringtheunknownareaandtheirexploration(s)maychangeourformeropinionoftheplace.(explore)8．Aterribletrafficaccidentdisabledthemantwoyearsago.However，hisnewfacilityenableshimtobeabletowalkbetter.(able)9．Thepublicareconcernedaboutfoodsafety，becauseitconcernspeople’shealth.Itishopedthattheauthoritiescanreallydosomethingabouttheissueconcerningpublichealth.(concern)10．Theyoungmancreatedamachinetosolvethetrickyprobleminacreativewayandhiscompanyawardedhimalargeamountofmoneyforhiscreativity/creation.(create)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(beaddictedto，avarietyof，enablesbtodo，lookforwardto，pointout)1．Iamlookingforwardtovisitingtheartgallerytogetherwithmybestfriendsnextweek.2．Thekind-heartedoldmanpointedoutthattheroadwasnotsafeinwinter.3．SomestudentsareaddictedtotheInternetandcannotfocusonschoolandfamilylife.4．Inaword，goodlisteningenablesustogetclosertoeachotherinourroutinelife.5．ThereisnodenyingthattheAmazonrainforestishometoavarietyofplantspecies.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)1．尽管网络购物改变了我们的生活，但并不是它所有的影响都是积极的。(while引导让步状语从句)Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallitseffectshavebeenpositive.2．一场突如其来的大雨使他们更难找到回家的路，他们变得越来越焦虑。(it作形式宾语)Anunexpectedheavyrainmadeitmoredifficultforthemtofindtheirwaybackhome，andtheybecameincreasinglyanxious.3．他们正在谈论那个年轻人制作的图表。(过去分词短语作后置定语)Theyaretalkingaboutthechartmadebythatyoungman.默写练习(二)Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)1．buttonn．按钮2．gendern．性别3．goodsn．商品4．errorn．错误；失误5．tabletn．平板电脑；药片；碑，牌6．authorityn．权威人士；专家7．profilen．人物简介；传略8．fantasyn．幻想作品9．sailorn．水手，海员10．wristbandn．腕带Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共13分)1．ensurevt.确保，保证2．materialn．材料；素材3．confirmvt.确认；证实4．replacevt.取代；接替5．hugn．&vt.拥抱；紧抱6．contentn．内容7．shallowadj.肤浅的，浅薄的8．opinionn．意见；看法；主张9．maintainvt.保持；维持10．briefadj.简洁的，简明的11．authorn．作者，作家12．addictedadj.对……着迷的；沉迷的13．policyn．政策，方针Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)1．additionn．增添；添加→addv．增添；增加；补充说；(使)相加→additionaladj.附加的；额外的；追加的→additionallyadv.除此之外；此外2．focusvi.&vt.集中(注意力)n．焦点→focusedadj.注意力集中的3．locationn．地点；位置→locatedadj.位于→locatevt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)4．optionaladj.可选择的；非强制的→optionn．选择5．imaginaryadj.想象的，虚构的→imaginev．想象→imaginationn．想象(力)；创造力→imaginativeadj.富于想象力的；创新的6．privacyn．隐私；私密→privateadj.私人的；秘密的→privatelyadv.私下地Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．harshadj.严厉的，苛刻的；艰苦的2．disobediencen．不顺从，不服从，违抗3．productivityn．生产率；生产量，生产力4．diabetesn．糖尿病5．frustratingadj.令人懊丧的，令人懊恼的Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．compareto与……相比2．notnecessarily不一定3．stayintouchwith和……保持联系4．onthemove在行进中；在移动中5．onthebasisof根据；以……为基础Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分)1．Hepressedthebuttonandthentoldhisassistantthathewasundergreatpressure.(press)2．Mybrothermustbemymother’sfavouritechild，formymotherisinfavourofwhateverhesays.(favour)3．Thedeliverymanpromisedtodeliverfreeofchargewithin48hours.(deliver)4．Drinkingalittleisharmless，buttoomuchalcoholwillbeharmfultoyourhealth.(harm)5．ThoughIwasnotrewardedwithmoney，Ifeltitrewardingtohelpthoseinneed.(reward)6．Inclass，thenaughtyboyhaslittlepowerofconcentration.Asaresult，hecannotconcentrateonwhathisteachersays.(concentrate)7．FreeInternetaccessathomeisahugestepinmakingonlineeducationaccessibletoeverybody.(access)8．MrWhitewasfedupwitharguingwithhiswife，becauseargumentcan’tsolveanyproblems.(argue)9．Webased/baseourtheoryonpractice，consideringsomebasicfactors.(base)10．Toachieveourgoalisnoteasy.Foronething，timeislimited.Foranother，lackingmoneyisalsoalimitingfactor.(limit)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(beconcernedwith，inaddition，focuson，share...with...，carefor)1．Youshouldstopfocusingonwhomtoblameandstartcenteringonhowtoimprovethesituation.2．ThecompanyprovidescheapInternetaccess.Inaddition，itmakessharewarefreelyavailable.3．Todaymanyofmystudentsareconcernedwiththeirgradesratherthantheknowledgetheyhavegained.4．Mydearfather，youbroughtmeintothisworld，caredformeandlovedme.5．Tosavesomemoney，shesharedahousewiththreeotherstudentslastsemester.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)1．无论你想买什么，你都可以在网上找到这些商品。(“nomatter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句)Nomatterwhatyouwanttobuy，youcanfindthegoodsonline.2．由于我们都不知道怎么去公园，我们不得不问路。(as引导原因状语从句)Asallofusdidn’tknowhowtogettothepark，wehadtoaskfordirections.3．周四这间教室会被占用，那就是为什么我们将在201上课。(Thatiswhy...)TheclassroomwillbeoccupiedonThursday.Thatiswhywewillhaveclassesin201.Nowadays，itisnotunusualforapersontohavesuchmobiledevicesasasmartphoneoratablet.Obviously，socialappsonthemenableyou1.todo(do)avarietyofthings.Forexample，youcanbuysupergoods，askforrecommendationsonhairstyles，subscribetonewspapers，andevendownloadthelatestlearningmaterials.Someeducationalappsarebecomingverypowerful,2.whichmakesaseriesoffamousteachers’amazinglessonsaccessibletoordinarystudents.3.While/Though/Althoughtheseappshaveindeedbroughtpeoplesomuchconvenienceandhavehadapositiveeffect，wehavetoadmittheycanharmustoanextent.Firstly，studentsaresoaddictedtosocialmedia4.thatneithercantheyconcentrateonstudynorcantheyexploretherealworld.Secondly，someareonlyconcernedwiththeirshallowonline5.popularity(popular)anddon’tmaintaintherewardingfriendshipsinreality,6.making(make)themself-focused.Inaddition，peoplearelikelytobetrickediftheyaretootrusting(轻信的)．Evilpeoplemightcreatefalseidentitiesandtheyoftenhaveseveralavatarsofdifferent7.types(type)，suchassensibleones，good-lookingonesandfancyones.Onecheatmightbechattingwithyouunderdifferentidentities.8.Consequently(consequent)，doremembertoprotectyourprivacyanddon’ttellyourbankaccounttoanyoneunlesshisidentityhasbeenconfirmed.Lastly，thecontentsofsomeblogsarenot9.healthy(health)．Inbrief，nothingis100percentgood.Inmyopinion，youmustfocusonyouronlinesafetywhentheseapps10.areused(use)．提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇admitvi.&vt.承认；接纳；准许……进入(admissionn．承认；准许进入；入场费)admitdoing/havingdonesth承认做过某事admitsb/sthas/tobe承认某人/物是……admit(that)承认……beadmittedto/into被接收(入学/入院/入党等)；被录取(1)GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpactoncollegeadmissions(admit)andpracticallifeskills.(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)他含着眼泪承认他在期末考试中作弊了，并保证再也不会这样做了。Withtearsinhiseyes，headmittedcheating/havingcheated/thathehadcheatedintheend-of-termexaminationandheensuredthatneverwouldhedothatagain.(3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你已被北京大学——一所公认的中国顶尖大学——录取，我写信向你表示诚挚的祝贺。Learningthatyouhavebeenadmittedinto/toPekingUniversity(which/thatis)admittedas/tobeatopuniversityinChina，Iamwritingtooffersincerecongratulationstoyou.concernvt.与……有关，涉及；使担心n.担忧，忧虑(concernedadj.关切的，关心的；担心的；有关的concerningprep.关于)•show/expressconcernfor/about对……表示关心•asfaras...beconcerned就……而言beconcernedabout对……担心/关心beconcernedwith关心……；与……有关(1)TheinstantIheardthatmypartnerwasill，Iwasconcernedabouthim.Toexpressmyconcernfor/abouthim，Iboughtsomefruitsandstrodetothehospital.(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)(2)我写信是想邀请你参加我们关于如何提高英语写作的在线谈话。在我看来，作为一个母语为英语的人，你可以给我们一些实用的建议。(2022·北京，书面表达)Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoouronlinetalkconcerning/whichisconcernedwithhowtoimproveEnglishwriting.AsfarasIamconcerned，asanativespeaker，youcanofferussomesensiblerecommendations.viewvt.看，把……视为；观看；考虑n.看法；视野；景色(viewern．观看者；电视观众)•view...as...认为……是……•inviewof鉴于；由于；考虑到inone’sview(＝fromone’spointofview)在某人看来comeintoview进入视野；看得见haveagoodviewof清楚地看到；饱览(1)AssoonasIpressedthebutton，abeautifulvirtualpicturecameintoview.(2)最后简爬到了顶端，在那里她可以清楚地看到山脉和森林。Finally，Janeclimbedtothetopwhereshecouldhaveagoodviewofthemountainsandforests.(3)考虑到我家庭的窘境，我最终决定上交我挣的所有的钱，因此我疾步跑回家，想着爸爸一定会认为我是一个体贴的孩子。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)Inviewofmyfamily’sawkwardsituation，IfinallydeterminedtohandinallthemoneyIearned，soIsprintedhome，thinkingthatmyfatherwoulddefinitelyviewmeasacaringchild.(4)(读后续写之升华句)尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。Althoughthispresentisn’tworthmuch，Ivalueitverymuch.Frommypointofview/Inmyview，it’sthelovecontainedinitthatreallycounts.(强调句型)favourn．帮助；偏爱；赞同；恩惠；善意的行为vt.喜爱；偏袒；有利于(favourableadj.赞许的；有利的favouriteadj.最喜爱的n．最喜爱的事物)asksbafavour＝askafavourofsb求某人帮一个忙doafavourforsb＝dosbafavour帮某人一个忙owesbafavour欠某人的人情infavourof赞成；支持insb’sfavour对某人有利(1)Inreality，Iaminfavourofthecreativesuggestiononhowtocreateafavourable(favour)learningenvironmentinourclass.(2)每当我请他帮忙时，我真诚的朋友都会毫不犹豫地来帮助我，所以我欠他一个人情。WheneverIaskhimafavour/askafavourofhim，mygenuinefriendwillcometomyaidwithouthesitation，soIowehimafavor.(3)(应用文写作之求助信)我写这封信，希望您能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。在您的帮助下，整个形势会对我有利。I’mwritingthisletter，hopingthatyoucandomeafavour/doafavourformewithmycominginterview.Withthehelpofyou，thewholesituationwillbeinmyfavour.harmn．&vt.伤害；损害(harmfuladj.有害的；造成损害的harmlessadj.无害的)•doharmtosb＝dosbharm伤害某人Thereisnoharmindoing...做……无害处。•beharmfulto对……有害(1)我很高兴收到你的电子邮件，说你已经决定摆脱对电子游戏的瘾，它对你有害。(2022·天津4月，书面表达)HowdelightedIamtoreceiveyoure-mailsayingthatyouhavedeterminedtogetridofyouraddictiontovideogames，whichisharmfulto/doesharmto/harmsyou.(2)我的老师给了我一个鼓励的微笑，说：“在我看来，参加写作比赛并没有什么坏处。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Myteachercastmeanencouragingsmile，saying，“Inmyopinion，thereisnoharminenteringawritingcontest.”argumentn．论点；论据；争论；争辩(arguev．争论；劝说；主张)•beyondargument无可争辩•arguewithsbabout/oversth与某人争论某事arguefor/against(doing)sth据理支持/反对(做)某事arguesbinto/outofdoingsth说服某人做/不做某事arguethat...提出理由说明；主张……(1)(话题写作之在线学习)最近，我们学生就是否应该在线学习的问题争论不休。一方面，一些学生支持在线学习。他们认为自己可以接触到各种各样的资源。此外，无可争辩的是，他们可以在任何时间和地点学习。另一方面，其他人因为网上的太多不健康信息而反对在线学习。Recentlywestudentshavearguedwitheachotherabout/overwhetherweshouldstudyonline.Ontheonehand，somestudentsargueforstudyingonline.Theyarguethattheycanbeexposedtoavarietyofresources.Inaddition，itisbeyondargumentthattheycanstudyatanytimeandplaces.Ontheotherhand，othersargueagainstonlinelearningonaccountoftoomuchunhealthyinformationontheInternet.(2)令我非常高兴的是，我终于说服了大卫参加越野跑，它被认为是一项有益的活动。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Tomygreatjoy，IfinallyarguedDavidintotakingpartinthecross-countryrun，whichwasviewedasarewardingactivity.replacevt.取代；代替；接替•replaceAwith/byB用B替代A•taketheplaceof＝takeone’splace代替；替代inplaceof＝insteadof代替(1)在老师的鼓励和指导下，我内心的紧张和恐惧终于被对写作比赛的兴趣所取代。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Withmyteacher’sencouragementandguidance，myinnernervousnessandfearwerefinallyreplacedwith/byinterestinthewritingcontest.(2)(议论文写作之新技术的利弊)如今，已经证实智能手机和平板电脑不能完全取代老师。Nowadaysithasbeenconfirmedthatsmartphonesandtabletscan’treplace/taketheplaceofteacherscompletely.(3)首先，为了建设绿色北京，我们应该呼吁人们使用公共交通工具来代替私家车。(2023·北京，书面表达)Firstandforemost，tobuildaGreenBeijing，weoughttoappealtopeopletousepublictransportationinplaceof/insteadofprivatecars.rewardingadj.有益的；有意义的(rewardvt.奖励；酬谢n.报酬；奖励)•rewardsbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人rewardsbwithsth用某物奖赏/回报某人•inrewardfor为奖赏……；为报答……asarewardfor作为对……的奖赏/回报(1)Ihuggedhimtightly，whispering，“Youwillberewardedforyourgenerosityinthefuture.”(2)通过这次有益的经历，除了服务时间，我得到了更有价值的回报：每一个微小的善举都会产生影响。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)Throughtherewardingexperience，apartfromtheservicehours，Iwasrewardedwithsomethingmorevaluable:Everysmallactionofkindnessmakesaneffect.(3)(应用文写作之感谢信)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨帮助。I’mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijinginrewardfor/asarewardforyourgeneroushelp.basisn．基准，准则；基础；基点(basen．基部；基地；基础vt.以……为根据basicadj.基础的)•onthebasisof在……的基础上onadaily/regularbasis每天/定期•base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上bebasedon/upon以……为根据(基础)(1)(应用文写作之告知信)Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomebasic(base)tablemanners，whichcanensurethatyourvisittoyourfriendisenjoyable.(2)正如你在短视频中看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员把每天用英语彼此交流当成习惯。基于大量的练习，他们逐渐讲出了一口流利的英语。(2022·天津6月，书面表达)Asyouseeintheshortvideoclip，SpokenEnglishClubmembersmakeitahabittocommunicatewitheachotherinEnglishonadailybasis.Onthebasisof/Basedon/uponmuchpractice，theyhavegraduallyspokenfluentEnglish.focusvi.&vt.集中(注意力)n．焦点•focus(...)on/upon...(把……)集中于……•thefocusof……的焦点/中心(1)(应用文写作之建议信)Takeadeepbreathandrelaxyourselfinsteadoffocusingyourattentionon/uponwhatbringsyoustress，andyouwillfallasleepsoon.(2)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了观看这条发布在网上的视频的那些人关注的焦点。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)Hairinknotsandnosecoveredbypumpkinpulp，Ibecamethefocusoftheattentionofthosewhoviewedthevideopostedonline.(3)(读后续写之动作描写)那么多眼睛盯着我，我的脸涨得通红，开始结结巴巴地进行我的演讲。Withsomanyeyesfocusedon/uponme，Iblushedandbegantostumbleovermyspeech.用法点拨表示“集中(注意力)于……”的短语还有beabsorbedin，putone’sheartinto，beburiedin，applyoneselfto等。While引导让步状语从句WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether，itcanalsoharmfriendships.虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。while既可用作连词，也可用作名词。•表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句；•表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though或although；•表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；•用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”。(1)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”Astheoldsayinggoes，“Strikewhiletheironishot.”(2)(读后续写之升华句)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，但我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。Whilewecan’tpredictwhatwillhappeninthefuture，wecanguideourselveswithdeterminationandlove.(3)参观这次展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且可以学到很多东西。While(weare)visitingthisexhibition，wecannotonlyenjoythefolkartworksbutalsolearnalot.(4)根据上面的图表，18%的学生更喜欢阅读英语书籍，而12%的学生可以访问英语学习网站。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)Onthebasisoftheabovechart,18%ofthestudentsprefertoreadEnglishbookswhile12%areaccessibletoEnglishlearningwebsites.用法点拨(1)while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。(2)while还可以引导省略结构，后直接跟现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。it作形式宾语Accordingtoaparentingexpert，DeniseDaniels，communicatingthroughascreenmakesitmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：•consider/think/suppose/feel/find/make/believe＋it＋adj./n.＋todosth/that...•类似句型还有：like/dislike/hate/love/appreciate/enjoy/owe＋it＋when/if从句•takeitforgrantedthat...认为……理所当然seetoitthat...确保……depend/relyonitthat...指望……(1)Theauthor’sbriefintroductionmadeitpossibleforustolearn(learn)aboutthecontentofthebook.(2)我曾经理所当然地认为父母应该在我需要的时候给我钱，但那时我觉得我有责任为家庭尽我的一份力。IusedtotakeitforgrantedthatparentsshouldgivememoneywheneverIneededit，butatthattimeIfeltitmydutytodomypartforthefamily.(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)(3)如果您能考虑我关于如何改善我们英语口语学习氛围的建议，我将不胜感激。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)IwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermysuggestionsonhowtoimprovethelearningatmosphereofouroralEnglish.(4)我可以确保，如果我们互相支持和鼓励，我们可以摆脱我们的坏习惯，让我们一起做更好的自己。(2022·天津4月，书面表达)Icanseetoitthatwecangetridofourbadhabitsifwesupportandencourageeachotherandlet’sbetterourselvestogether.(5)他被认为是一个活雷锋，很明显，你可以相信他会在你需要的时候帮助你。(2023·天津3月，书面表达)HeisadmittedasalivingLeiFengandobviously，youcandepend/relyonitthathewillcometoyouraidwhenevernecessary.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．fancyA.vt.想要；喜欢B.vt.想象；设想C.vt.认为……会成功/赢D.adj.昂贵的E.adj.精致的F.adj.花哨的(1)WhichteamdoyoufancywinningtheSpeechCompetitionthisyear？C(2)Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtobeinvitedtoarestaurantwithfancyprices.D(3)DoyoufancygoingtothedanceonSaturdaynight？A(4)Ijustwantedasimpleblackdress，nothingfancy.F(5)Guestsweretoldtocomeinfancydress，andtherefore，Imustborrowonefrommybestfriend.E(6)Ican’tfancyhertobeateacheranditisbeyondmyimagination.B2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Once，whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆)，Ifellontothestones，damaginganerveinmyhand，andTobycameover，helpingmeup：“Safe，man.Safe.”(2021·全国甲)技巧(2)Nanxiangaside，thebestxiaolongbaohaveafineskin，allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)所含物，容纳的东西(3)Doyousubscribetoherviewofthestateoftheeconomy？同意；赞同(4)Oncehismessagewasdelivered，heallowedmetostayandwatch.传达(5)Itisthefirstcase(病例)tobeconfirmedinhumans.确诊的Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1.Ingeneral，adults’wordsandbehaviorhavegreateffectson/upontheirchildren.2．Heswallowedhardandfinallyadmittedmaking/havingmade(make)suchaseriousmistake.3．Learningthathewasnolongerinfavoroftheproject，Iwasheartbrokenanddisappointed.4．AsfarasI’mconcerned(concern)，itisnotappropriatetowearjeansforsuchanimportantoccasion.5．Redrosesrepresentlove，whileyellowrosesareoftenviewedasasymboloffriendship.6．Hefeltpowerless(power)whenhefailedaftermakingalleffortstorealizehisdream.7．Onthebasis(base)ofthecurrentpoliticalaffairs，theauthoritieshavedeterminedtotakethefollowingeffectivemeasures.8．Beingaddictedtoalcoholdidharmtohishealthandhepassedawaybecauseofcancer.9.ImmediatelytheretiredmanwasaccessibletothefreeWi-Fi，hewasattachedtoit.10．Becausethereweremorefemaleguestsintheparty，thehostreplacedbeerwith/bysoftdrinksthoughtfully.11．Thoughteachingtheteenagerstakesmuchenergyandpatience，Ifinditrewarding(reward)．12．Iwastrickedintosellingmytreasureatalowpriceandtearsofsadnessrolleddownmycheeks.13．Nowthattheretiredcouplehavemoresparetime，theycanfocustheirattentionon/uponcuisinetosatisfytheappetiteoftheirgrandson.14．NowthatIwasfortunatetogetthejob，Iwouldconcentrateon/upondoingthejobperfectly.15．Theoldmanfounditimpossibletogetridofhisaccentthoroughly.2021·全国乙改编你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Besmartonlinelearners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：1.分析优势与不足；2.提出学习建议。完成句子1．我感到非常荣幸能发表关于如何成为聪明的在线学习者的演讲。(it作形式宾语)2．毫无疑问，在线学习已经成为一种重要的学习方式，但是它既有优点也有缺点。(beyondargument)3．我们承认学生能够获得有益的在线课程来开阔他们的视野，但是许多学生沉迷于网络游戏，这对他们的身心健康有害。(admitthat；addicted；doharmto；非限制性定语从句)4．虽然这个问题很难处理，但我们没有必要为此担心。(while；concern)5．在我看来，只有我们专注于利用优秀的在线学习资源进行学习，我们才能获得良好的学习成绩。(view；reward；倒装句)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文BesmartonlinelearnersIfeelitmygreathonourtodeliveraspeechabouthowtobesmartonlinelearners.Itisbeyondargumentthatonlinelearninghasbecomeanimportantwaytolearn，butithasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Weadmitthatstudentsareabletohaveaccesstobeneficialonlinecoursestobroadentheirhorizons，butmanystudentsareaddictedtoonlinegames，whichdoesharmtotheirphysic