2019年12月英语六级听力真题详解

2019年12月英语六级听力真题详解

conversation1

HeyIjustreadagreatbookaboutphysics。Ithink

you'dlikeit。It's

calledthephysicsoftheworldoIt'swrittenbya

scientistnamedSylvia

Mendezo

OhIreadthatbook。ItwasgreatoThewriterisa

warmandcompetentguide

tothemysteriesofphysics。[1]Ithinkitpromises

enrichmentforanyreader

fromthosewhoknowlittleaboutsciencetothecareer

physicisto

Andit'srefreshingtosee[2]astrongcuriousclever

womanaddinghervoice

tothescientificdiscourseandafieldthathasbeen

traditionallydominatedby

merioIthinkshehastobecommendedformakinganeffortto

includeanecdotes

aboutlittleknownfemalescientists。Youknowtheywere

oftenvictimsofa

generationfirmlyconvincedthatthewoman'splacewasin

thehome。

[3]Ilikehowthebookisclearlywrittenwitheach

chapterbroughttolife

bypiecesoffascinatingknowledge^Forexampleinone

chaptersheexposesa

4

myththatIveheardtaughtbyuniversityphysicsprofessors0

I'veoftenheard

thatmedievalglasswindowsarethickeratthebottombecause

glassflowslikea

fluid.This,sheshows,isnottrue.Thedistortionis

actuallythankstoa

peculiarityoftheglassmakersprocesso

[4]YeahIlikehowshecultivatesscientific

engagementbyprovidingahost

ofDoItYourselfexperimentsthatbringthesame

foundationalprinciplesof

classicalphysicsthatgoverneverythingfromthesolar

systemtoyourkitchen

table。Fromusingcomplexlawsofphysicstotestwhethera

spinningeggis

cookedtomeasuringatmosphericpressurebyliftingapiece

ofcardboard^Her

hands-onexamplesmakeherbookatrulyinteractiveread。

YesImustsaythisaequation-freebookisanideal

roadforscientistsof

allstripes,anyoneteachingscienceandevenpeoplewho

dislikephysics。

Question1；whatdoesthewomansayaboutthebookthe

manrecommended?

1•【解析】强调类定位词promise

Question2：whatcanwefindinthebooktheman

recommended?

2.【解析】引言类关键词see

Question3：Howdoestheauthorbringherbooktolife?

3.【解析】特殊疑问词定位词how以及缘由类定位词by,双重强

调。

Question4；Howdoesthebookcultivatereaders

interestinphysics?

4.【解析】特殊疑问词定位词how以及缘由类定位词by,双重强

调O

conversation2

A：HiprofessoroIwashopingIcouldhaveamomentof

yourtimeifyou're

nottoobusy。[5]I'mhavingsomeproblemsgettingstarted

onmydissertationand

Iwashopingyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtobegin。

B：Sure0IhavequiteafewstudentsthoughiSocanyou

remindmewhatyour

topicis?

A：thegeneraltopicIchoseisaesthetics,butthat's

asfarasVvegotI

don'treallyknowwheretogofromthere9

B：[6]Yeah,that'smuchtoolargeatopic。You

reallyneedtonarrowitdown

inordertomakeitmoreaccessible。Otherwiseyou,11be

writingabooko

A；Exactly。That'swhatIwantedtoaskyouabout®I

washopingitwouldbe

possibleformetochangetopics«[7]I'mreallymore

interestedinnaturethan

beauty。

B；I'mafraidyouhavetoadheretotheassignedtopic0

[7]Still,Ifyou're

interestedinnature,thenthatcertainlycanbeworkedinto

yourdissertatiorio

WeivetalkedaboutHumebeforeinclassright。

A；Ohyeah,he'sthephilosopherwhowroteaboutwhere

ourideasofbeauty

comefrom6

B：[8]ExactlyoIsuggestyougotothelibraryandget

acopyofhis

biographyoStartfromthere。Butremembertosticktothe

parametersofthe

assignment..Thispaperisalargepartofyourcumulative

gradeoSomakesureto

followtheinstructionspIfyoutakealookathisbiography9

Youcangetagood

ideaofhowhislifeexperiencesmanifestthemselvesinhis

theoriesofbeauty0

specificallythewayhelookedtowardsnatureastheorigin

ofwhatwefind

beautiful9

A：GreatoThanksfortakingthetimetoanswermy

questions,Professor。I41

letyougetbacktoclassnowQ

B；Ifthere'sanythingelseyouneed,pleasecomesee

meinmyofficeany

time6

Question5：Whatistheman'sproblem?

5.【解析】首个对话出题原则。

Question6Whatdoestheprofessorthinkoftheman飞

topic?

6.【解析】强肯定定位词yeah和really,双重强调。

Question7What'sthemanreallymoreinterestedin?

7.【解析】强肯定定位词really,且nature是重复出现原则。

Question8whatdoestheprofessorsaythemanhastodo?

8.【解析】强调类定位词exactly

passage1

DuringthearcticwinterfromOctobertoMarch,the

averagetemperaturein

thefrozennorthtypicallyhoversaroundminus20degrees

Celsiuso[9]ButthisyeartheArcticisexperiencingmuch

highertemperaturesoOnFebruarythe20th

thetemperatureinGreenlandclimbedabovefreezingorzero

degreesCelsiusand

itstayedthereforover24hours0ThenonFebruarythe24th

thetemperatureon

Greenland'snortherntipreachedsixdegreesCelsius。

Climatescientists

describethephenomenonasstunning。Weatherconditionsthat

drivethisbizarre

temperaturesurgehavevisitedtheArcticbefore。They

typicallyappearabout

onceinadecade。[10]However,thelastsuckincreasein

temperaturetookplace

twoyearsago。Thisistroublingasclimbingarctic

temperaturescombinedwith

rapidseaicelossarecreatinganewtypeofclimatefeedback

loopwhichcould

accelerateArcticwarmingoIndeed,seaicecoverinthe

Arcticismeltingfaster

thanexpectedoWithoutthosemassesofcoolingseaice,

warmairbroughttothe

Arcticcanpenetratefurtherinlandthaniteverdidbefore.

Theaircanstay

warmerlongertoo。Thisdrivesadditionalmelting。Overall

earthiswarmingata

rapidpace。2014through2017rankasthehottestyearson

recordandtheArctic

iswarmingtwiceasfastasanyplaceelseonearth9This

raisesunique

challengesforArcticwildlifeandindigenouspeoplewho

dependonArctic

ecosystemstosurvive。Previouslyclimateforecasts

predictedthatArcticsummer

icewoulddisappearentirelybyaround2060,[11]butbased

onwhatscientistsare

seeingnowtheArcticmaybefacingsummerswithoutice

within20years0

Question9。Whatdidclimatescientistsdescribeas

stunning?

9.【解析】转折类关键词But

Question10。Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthat

temperaturesurgeinthe

Arctic?

10•【解析】转折类关键词However

QuestionILwhatmayoccurin20yearsaccordingto

scientists7recent

observations?

11、【解析】转折类关键词+末句原则第11题答案位置

Passage2

[12]Agooddoseofwillpowerisoftennecessarytosee

anytaskthrough

whetherit'sstickingtoaspendingplanorfinishinga

greatnoveloAndifyou

wanttoincreasethatwillpowero[13]Anewstudysuggests

youjustsimplyhaveto

believeyouhaveit。Accordingtothisstudy,whatmatters

mostiswhatwethink

,

aboutourwillpoweroIfwebelieveitsafiniteresource,

weactthatway,we

feelexhaustedandneedbreaksbetweendemandingmentaltasks0

However,people

whoviewtheirwillpowerasalimitlessresourceget

energizedinstead<»The

researchersusedapsychologicalassessmenttooltotestthe

validityofthe

study0Theyasked1100Americansand1600Europeanstograde

different

statementssuchasafterachallengingmentalactivity,my

energyisdepleted

andImustresttogetitrefueledagainorIcanfocusona

mentaltaskfor

longperiodswithoutfeelingtiredo

[14]Althoughtherewaslittledifferencebetweenmen

andwomen

overallsAmericansweremorelikelytoadmittoneeding

breaksaftercompleting

mentallychallengingtasksEuropeanparticipantsontheother

handclaimedthey

wereabletokeepgoing。Basedonthefindings,【15】

thoresearcherssuggestthat

thekeytoboostingyourwillpoweristobelievethatyou

haveanabundant

supplyofitoYourfeelingsaboutyourwillpoweraffectthe

wayyoubehaveoBut

thesefeelingsarechangeable,theysaidoChangingyour

beliefsaboutthenature

ofyourself-controlcanhavepositiveeffectsoncharacter

development。This

leadstohealthierbehaviorsandperceptionsofotherpeopleo

Question12Whatisoftennecessaryforcarryingthrough

atask?

12•【解析】短文首句原则

Question13Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?

13.【解析】建议类关键词原则suggest

Question14WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanparticipants

ascomparedwith

theirAmericancounterparts?

14.【解析】转折类关键词Although

Question15Whatdotheresearchsayconcerning

peoplefeelingsabout

willpower?

15•【解析】引言类关键词suggest

lecture1

HereismybabynieceSarah0Hermumisadoctorand

herdadisalawyeto

BythetimeSarahgoestocollegethejobsherparentsdoare

goingtolook

dramaticallydifferent。In2013,researchersatOxford

Universitydidastudyon

thefutureofworko[16]Theyconcludedthatalmostonein

everytwojobshasa

highriskofbeingautomatedbymachines。Machinelearning

isthetechnology

that'sresponsibleformostofthisdisruption。It'sthe

mostpowerfulbranchof

artificialintelligence.?Itallowsmachinestolearnfrom

dataandcopysomeof

thethingsthathumanscando。Mycompany,Kaggle,operates

onthecuttingedge

ofmachinelearningoWebringtogetherhundredsofthousands

ofexpertstosolve

importantproblemsforindustryandacademia。Thisgivesus

anunique

perspectiveonwhatmachinescando,whattheycan'tdoand

whatjobstheymight

automateorthreatenoMachinelearningstartedmakingits

wayintoindustryin

theearly90s。ItstartedwithrelativelysimpletasksPIt

startedwiththings

likeassessingcreditriskfromloanapplications,sorting

themailbyreading

handwrittenzipcodes。Overthepastfewyears,wehave

madedramatic

breakthroughs9Machinelearningisnowcapableoffar,far

morecomplextasks。In

2012,Kagglechallengeditscommunitytobuildaprogramthat

couldgradehigh

schoolessayso[17]Thewinningprogramswereabletomatch

thegradesgivenby

humanteachers<?Nowgiventherightdata,machinesare

goingtooutperform

humansattaskslikethis。Ateachermightread10000essays

overa40-year

careercAmachinecanreadmillionsofessayswithinminuteso

Wehavenochance

ofcompetingagainstmachinesonfrequenthigh-volumetasks,

butthereare

thingswecandothatmachinescannot0Wheremachineshave

madeverylittle

progressisintacklingnovelsituations。Machines否定类关键

词can'thandlethingsthey

haven'tseenmanytimesbefore。Thefundamentallimitation

ofmachinelearning

isthat[18]itneedstolearnfromlargevolumesofpast

,

data0Buthumansdonto

Wehavetheabilitytoconnectseeminglydifferentthreadsto

solveproblems

we'veneverseenbefore。

Question16whatdidtheresearchersatOxford

Universityconclude?

16•【解析】总结类关键词concludedthat

Question17。WhatdowelearnaboutKagglecompanies

winningprograms?

Question189Whatisthefundamentallimitationon

machinelearning?

18.【解析】否定类关键词can't和haven't

lecture2

we'vetalkedrecentlyabouttheimportanceof

sustainable

energy。[19]We'vealsotalkedaboutthedifferenttheories

onhowthatcanbedoneeSofar,ourdiscussionshaveall

beentheoretical0NowIhaveapractical

questionforyoualloCanyouruna140,000kilogramtrain

onjustthesteam

generatedbysolarpower?WelLoneengineer,TimCasselman,

believesit，s

possible。AndhishomecityofSacramento,California

shouldseethe

technology'sfirsttestaspartoftheupgradingofitsrail

yardoCasselman,who

isaninventorandself-proclaimedsteamvisionary,[20]is

campaigningforanew

steamtrainthatrunswithoutanyfireandcouldrunonan

existing10kilometer

linodrawingtouristsandperhapsofferingcitycommutersa

greenalternativeto

theircarsoCasselmanwantstobuildanarrayofsolar

magnifyingmirrorsatone

endofthelinetocollectandfocusheatontowaterfilled

tubes.Thiswould

generatesteamthatcouldbeusedtofilltanksonasmall

steamtrainwithout

theuseoffire。Supplyingpowertotrainsinthiswaywould

offertheshortest

distancefromwelltowheelshesayswiththeleastamountof

energylost。

AccordingtoHarryValentijn,aCanadianengineerwhois

researchingmodern

steamtechnology,aspecialtankmeasuring2by10metres

couldstoreover750

kilowatthoursofenergyashighpressuresteamenoughto

pullatwocartrain

foranhourorso。Energytodriveasteamlocomotivecanbe

storedinother

materialsbesideswater[21]forexampleateamatTohoku

UniversityinJapanhas

studiedmaterialsthatcanstorelargeamountsofheatwhen

heated。These

materialsturnfromasolidintoaliquidabsorbingenergyas

theychangephase0

Theliquidismaintainedaboveitsmeltingpointuntilsteam

isrequiredat

whichpointtheliquidisallowedtoturnbackintoasolid

releasingitsstored

energyanotherteamatNagoyaUniversityinJapanhastested

calciumcompoundas

anenergystoragematerialoHeatingthischemicalcompound

drivesoffcarbon

dioxidegasleavingcalciumoxidethegascanbestoredunder

pressureand

attaintorecovertheenergythegasisfedbackoverthe

calciumoxideoIn

theorysaysValentijnthiscancreateahighenough

temperaturetogenerate

superheatedsteam.

Question19：Whathasthespeakerpreviouslytalked

about?

19.【解析】递进类关键词also

Question20；WhatisTimCasselmantryingtodoin

Sacramento?

20.【解析】人称信息类关键词

Question21：whathasaJapaneseresearchteamtriedto

do?

21.【解析】举例关键词forexample

Lecture3

Today'scrisisincareforolderpeopleinEnglandhas

twomaincauses。

First,peoplearelivinglongerwithalotmorecomplex

needso[22]Second,theyrelyonasystemthathaslongbeen

markedbyapoor

relationbetweennationalhealthandsocial-careservices。

CurrentservicesoriginateintwokeymeasuresoThey

aretheNational

HealthServiceandthe1948NationalAssistanceAct。This

requiredlocal

governmenttoprovideresidentialaccommodationforolder

peopleandsupervise

carehomesrunbyindependentorganizations*

Theyalsoprovidedhomeandcommunityservicesincluding

meals,daycenters

andhomehelpersandothersubsidizedservicesoTheNational

HealthServicewas

freeandwhollypubliclyprovidedoItdeliveredthebest

health-careforalLNo

suchvisionguidedresidentialandcommunitycarethough(>

[23]Thecarewas

substantiallyprovidedbyvoluntaryserviceswhichworked

togetherwithlocal

authoritiesastheylonghadwitheligibilitybasedonincomeo

Today,life

expectancyhasrisenfrom66foramaleatbirthin1948to

around80now。In

addition,thereisbetteroverallhealthandimproved

medicalknowledgeand

care。Thismeansanunprecedentednumberofpeopleare

survivinglongerin

conditionsrequiringexpertsupportsFamiliesprovideat

leastasmuchcareas

theyeverdid。Evenso,theycanrarelywithoutsubsidised

supportaddress

seriouspersonalneedsoCareforolderpeoplefaced

persistentcriticismas

thes