教材知识全梳理23人教版2019必修二Unit1CulturalHeriage（词汇短语句式）

Unit1CulturalHeritage词汇1．creativelyadv.创造性地；有创造力地→creativeadj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→createvt.创造→creativityn．创造性；创造力2．promotevt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotionn．提升；推销；晋级3．applicationn．申请(表)；应用(程序)→applyvt.&vi.申请；应用→applicantn．申请人4．proposaln．提议；建议→proposevt.提议；建议5．Faradj.远的→furtheradj.（比较级）更远，进一步6．limitn．限度；限制vt.限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的；受限制的→limitlessadj.无限的；无尽的7．preventvt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→preventionn．防止；预防8．lossn.丧失；损失→losevt.丢失→lostadj.迷路的；失去的9．contributionn．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contributevi.&vt.捐献；捐助10．donatevt.捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donationn．捐赠；赠送11．disappearvi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearancen．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appearvi.出现→appearancen．出现；外表12．professionaladj.专业的；职业的n．专业人员；职业选手→professionn．专业；职业→professorn．教授13．traditionn．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditionaladj.传统的14．historyn．历史→historicadj.历史上著名的；有史时期的短语preserve/protect...from...保护……免受……applyto 应用;适用applyfor申请applyoneselfto(doing)sth.努力/专注于某事givewayto让步;屈服giveaway赠送；泄露giveup放弃giveout分发;耗尽giveback归还giveoff散发出；释放出givein（to）（向……）屈服keep/lose(one’s)balance保持/失去平衡keepthebalancebetween...and...保持…和…之间的平衡keepabalanceddiet 保持均衡饮食makeaproposal提出建议proposedoingsth. 提议做某事proposethat...(should)+do 提议……belikelytodosth.可能做某事It’slikelythat... 很可能……sufferagreatloss遭受重大损失belostin专注于;迷失于belostinthought 陷入沉思beataloss不知所措makecontributionsto/makeacontributionto对……做出贡献contributeto 有助于,促成,投稿withoutlimit无限制地limit...to将……限制在beyondthelimit超过限度setalimitto对……设定限度Prevent/stop/discourage...(from)阻止…做…keep...from阻止……做……attempttodosth.=makeanattempttodosth.企图/尝试做某事Itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做……beworthyofbeingdone/tobedone值得做……beworthdoing值得做……leadto导致leadsb.to...把某人带到……lead/live/havea...life过着……的生活takepartin参与(某事);参加(某活动)takeanactivepartin积极参加playapart/rolein在……扮演角色;起作用turnto向……求助turndown调小；拒绝turnup调大；出现turnin=handin=givein上交turnout证明是；结果是turnover翻转；翻身turninto变成donate...to向……捐赠……makeadonationto向……捐赠allovertheworld世界各地

worktogether 共同合作workon 从事于forgivesb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做)某事forgivesb.’sdoingsth.原谅某人做某事byparison(尤用于句首)比较起来,较之inparisonwith和……相比pare...to/with和……相比pare...to把……比作contrastAwithB比较A和Bincontrastto/with与……比较起来/形成对比incontrast比较起来;与此相反bycontrast相比之下;与之相比identifysthwithsth把……等同于…identifysbwithsth把某人视为...begone’spardon乞求某人原谅tellrightfromwrong 辨别是非makesure确保;设法保证句式Thereesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew,anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidrunovertherelicsofthepast,buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。BysharingsomanydigitalphotosovertheInternet,thegrouphopestopromoteevenwiderinterestaroundtheworldinChina’sancienthistory,culture,andtraditions.这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量（有关莫高窟的）电子照片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。4.AgroupofprofessionalsworktogethertohelpincreaseknowledgeandappreciationofChina’sancientculturalheritage.专家们通力合作，旨在加强人们对中国文化古代遗址方面的认识和鉴赏力。5.Youcanmakeaplanandsticktoit,thenyoumayfinditnotasdifficultasitappears.你可以制定一个计划，并坚持下去，随后你会发现它并不像看起来那样困难。教材话题题型综合训练词性转换（一）1．createvt.创造→adv.创造性地；有创造力地→adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的2．applyv.申请；应用→n.申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→n.申请人3．balancen.平衡；均匀vt.使平衡→adj.平衡的；均衡的4．proposev.提议；建议→n.提议；建议5．establishvt.建立；创立→n.建立；创立6．limitn.限制；限度vt.限定；限制→adj.有限的→adj.无限的7．preventvt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→n.预防；防止；防范8．losev.丢失；损失→n.丧失；损失9．contributev.捐献；捐助→n.捐款；贡献；捐赠10．investigatevi.&vt.调查；研究→n.调查；研究11．donatevt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→n.捐赠；赠送12．appearvi.出现→appearancen.出现；外表→vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→n.消失；灭绝；消亡词性转换（二）13．n.&vt.挑战；质疑→adj.挑战性的；挑衅的14．vt.获得，得到→adj.已获得的→n.取得；获得；学到的东西15．n.进步，进展；前进；行进vt.&vi.发展，进步→adj.高级的，先进的→n发展16．adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→vt.使惊奇；使惊诧→adj.感到大为惊奇的→n.惊诧；惊奇17．n.信心，信任，把握→adj.自信的；确信的18．adj.相等的；平等的；相当的n.同等的人(物)linkingv.与......相等vt.比得上→adv.同样地；相等地，平等地；另外→n.平等；相等19．adj.有责任的，负责的；可靠的→n.责任，职责；义务20．adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的→n.独立；自主→adv.独立地；自主地21．vt.以……为基础(依据)n.根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→adj.以……为基础；基地在→n.基础；准则；依据22．n.提议，建议，动议→v.建议；打算；求婚23．n.目的，目标vi.&vt.力争做到；目的是；针对→adj.无目标的；无目的的24．adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的n.专门人员，专业人士→n.职业，行业25．n.贡献；捐款；捐赠→v.促成；贡献；投(稿)；捐献26．adv.幸运地，幸亏→adj.幸运的→adv.不幸地；遗憾地→n.运气；大量财产；命运→n.不幸，灾祸27．vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→adj.吸引人的；有魅力的；引起兴趣的→引力；吸引人的事物n.吸引力词性转换（三）28．applyvi.&vt.申请；请求vt.应用；涂（油漆、乳剂）→n.应用；用途；申请→n.申请人；求职人29．amazevt.使吃惊；使惊讶→adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的→adj.惊奇的；惊喜的→n.惊奇；惊诧30．arrangevt.安排→n.安排；筹备31．powerv.给……提供动力n.能力；力量；权力→adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→adj.无力的；没有能力的32．officen.办公室；官职→adj.官方的；正式的；公务的n.官员；要员33．admirevt.钦佩；赞赏→n.崇拜；赞赏→adj.令人赞赏的34．acmodatevt.提供住处→n.住处；膳宿35．architectn.建筑设计师→n.建筑设计；建筑学36．transportn.交通运输系统vt.运输；运送→n.运输37．economyn.经济；节约→adj.经济（上）的；经济学的完成句子38．Inanefforttoreducetrafficcongestion,thecitycouncilhasproposed

(对……规定限制)thenumberofprivatevehiclesallowedinthedowntownarea.39．I(提出建议)atthemeeting,butsadlyitwasturneddown.40．I’msorrytobotheryou,butIdon’tknowanyoneelseto(寻求帮助)forhelp.41．I’dliketo(提议)thatweshouldpaymoreattentiontoourstudyhabits.(proposal)42．Heshould(让步)ayoungerandmoredecisiveleader.(way)43．最近她已经提出了增强社区回收计划的建议。Recently,shetoenhancethemunity’srecyclingprogram.44．Thereareplentyofpeopleyoucan(求助于)foradvice.Findingandtheright(保持平衡)betweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeabigchallenge.46．Thatisthesite(他们发现洞穴)fullofBuddhastatues.(用定语从句)47．(这里曾有一座寺庙),butnowthereareonlyhighbuildings.阅读理解GahrielaworkedforamultinationalpanyasasuccessfulprojectmanagerinBrazil.LatershewastransferredtomanageateaminSweden.Shewasexcitedabouthernewrolebutsoonrealizedthatmanaginghernewteamwouldbeachallenge.Despitetheirfriendliness,Gabrieladidn’tfeelrespectedasaleader.Hernewstaffwouldquestionherproposalsopenlyinmeetings,andwhenshegavetheminstructionsonhowtocarryoutatask,theywouldoftengoaboutisintheirownwaywithoutcheckingwithher.Whensheannouncedherdecisionsontheproject,theywouldcontinuegivingtheiropinionsasifitwasstillupfordiscussion.WhatGabrielawasexperiencingwasacultureshockinexpectations.DutchpsychologistGeertHofstedeusestheconceptof“powerdistance”todescribehowpowerisdistributed(分布)indifferentcultures.Inherpreviousworkenvironment,Gabrielawasusedtoahighpowerdistanceculturewherepowerisrespected.Insuchaculture,leadersmakethebigdecisionsandarenotoftenchallenged.HerSwedishteam,however,wereusedtoworkinginalowpowerdistanceculturewhereemployeesoftenworktogetherwiththeirbossestofindsolutionsandmakedecisions.Here,leadersactascoacheswhoencourageindependentthoughtandexpecttobechallenged.WhenGabrielabecameawareoftheculturaldifferencesbetweenherandherteam,shehadanopenconversationwiththemabouttheirfeelingsaboutherleadership.Pleasedtobeaskedfortheirthoughts,Gabriela’steamopenlyexpressedthattheywerenotusedtobeingtoldwhattodo.Theyenjoyedhavingmoreroomforinitiativeandcreativefreedom.Whenshetoldherteamexactlywhatsheneededthemtodo,theyfeltthatshedidn’ttrustthemtodotheirjobwell.Withabetterunderstandingoftheunderlyingreasonsbehindeachother’sbehaviour,Gabrielawasabletomakeadjustmentstohermanagementstyle.Finally,sheeffectivelymotivatedherteamtoachievetheirgoals.48．WhatproblemdidGabrielahavewithherSwedishteamatthebeginning?A．HerSwedishstaffdidn’tunderstandherinstructions.B．Theywerealwaysrefusingtofollowherdirections.C．HerauthoritywaschallengedbyherSwedishstaff.D．Theylookeddownuponherbecauseshewasafemale.49．WhatisencouragedintheworkingcultureinSweden?A．Independentthinkingandmildcharacter. B．petitivespiritandmildcharacter.C．Professionalspiritandrisktakingbehavior. D．Activeparticipationandcreativethinking.50．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGabriela?A．Bossyandrude. B．Flexibleandmunicative.C．Kingbutstubborn. D．Strictbuttrustworthy.51．WhatcanwelearnfromGabriela’sstory?A．Twoheadsarebetterthanone. B．WheninRome,doasRomansdo.C．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether. D．Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.七选五Londonis,withoutdoubt,oneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.52AlthoughtherearesimilaritiesbetweenLondonandsomecitiesofAmerica,don’texpectittobethesame.IfyouareanAmericaninLondonlookingforadvicetohelpyouadjusttothenewenvironment,youarereadingtherightarticle.53It’sreallysomethingthatmaymakeyoufalloutoflovewiththismagicalcity.DependingonwhichAmericanstateyoulivein,justlikeotherbigcities,thecostoflivinginLondonisoneofthehighest.ItisoneofthetopplaintsofpeoplewhojustmovedtoLondonfromtheUS,mostlyiftheycamefromsmallerstates.Preparingyourpockettoabsorbtheshockyouwillreceiveisnotenough.JustlikewheninRome,doastheRomansdo,whenyougotoLondon,behaveliketheLondoners.54Let’ssayyouleftyourcoatonthechairafterdinner.ALondonerwillsayyourcoatisonthechairinsteadoftellingyoutopickitup.Whenyouhearthingslikethis,don’tbesurprised,butliveyourlifelikethem.55Thelastoneisaseeminglyoddone:learntounderstandEnglish.Don’tbesurprisedthatyouwillnotunderstandsomeofthethingstheEnglishmenaresaying.Itisnotbecauseyoudon’tunderstandthelanguage.56Thenameswecallsomemonthingsalsodifferfromtheirs.ToavoidbeinglostwhenspeakingwithmostLondoners,prepareyourselftorelearntheEnglishyoualreadyknow.A．Thereasonistheiraccents.B．Thisway,youwillnotbeleftout.C．Don’tforgetwhereyouefrom.D．Tostartwith,prepareforthehighcostofliving.E．That’swhyweshouldavoidsayingthingsinadirectmanner.F．However,foranAmerican,livinginthiscityeswithaprice.G．Forinstance,inLondon,peopledon’taskanyonetodosomethingdirectly.完形填空StandingonthetopofMountTai,Iwatchedthesunrisingthroughthecloudandtakingitsplaceinthesky.Ihaven’tseenmany57,butIcanfeelthatseeingonefromthetopofMountTaimustbeoneofthebestwaysto58thebeautyofnature.WhenIleftforChina,the59ofclimbingMountTaihadnoteven60me.IwasgoingtoChinato61itslanguage,historyandcultureandgainabetterunderstandingofinternationalagriculturaltradebetweenmycountryandChina.NowIhavestayedinChinaforafewweeks.InBeijing,mygrouphave,62friendshipwithmanyChinesestudents.ThroughourbrokenChineseandtheir63English,wearestillabletoteacheachotheraboutourcultures.We64thatwearealljuststudentsworkingtowardsthesame65ofhavingcareers,familiesandlivesandtryingtomaketheworldbetter.Culturaldifferencesseem66—eventhelanguagealmostpletelydiffersfromourown.Buttheirdailylivesaresimilartoourownroutines(常规).67,peopleworryaboutthesamethingswedohere.Theyare68foodsafety,paycloseattentiontothegovernmentandfeeltheeffectsoftheeconomicmarkets.This69makesmerealizehowmanyculturesmycountryhasinmonwithothercountriesaroundtheworld.Moreimportantly,itmakesme70fortravel,andIamilookingforwardtohavingmore71toengageincrossculturalmunicationandlearning.57．A．clouds B．sunrises C．mountains D．tops58．A．describe B．select C．imagine D．experience59．A．thought B．aim C．mission D．origin60．A．belongedto B．occurredto C．fallento D．turnedto61．A．discover B．study C．spread D．update62．A．developed B．sought C．kept D．showed63．A．spoken B．brief C．poor D．unique64．A．assume B．claim C．realize D．expect65．A．chance B．reason C．function D．goal66．A．amazing B．striking C．powerful D．terrible67．A．Besides B．Otherwise C．However D．Anyhow68．A．addictedto B．confusedabout C．usedto D．concernedabout69．A．adventure B．course C．climbing D．journey70．A．eager B．energetic C．amazed D．tired71．A．effect B．measures C．opportunities D．applications用适当的词填空72．Thisissuchaninterestingworkofartallofuslike.73．Aftereachcycleoftrading,panieshaveleftovercarbonallowances(限额)cansellthemtoothers.74．BythetimeoftheMingDynasty,peoplecouldusetheabacusinaddition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivision,werewidelyusedforcalculatingtheweight,amount,spaceandvolume.75．TheDoubleNinthFestivalisalsoatimethechrysanthemum(菊花)blooms.76．Anadditionalreasonitcanbesodesirableisthatittendstoefromresourcesthatarefree.77．Theappdoesthisbymonitoringtheirtimetheusersgotosleep,whichmeansthatyouwillfeellesssleepywhenyouwakeupeverymorning.78．Lastyear,CambridgeUniversityLibraryannouncedthattwoofCharlesDarwin’snotebookshadbeenmissingfromtheircollection,oneofcontainsDarwin’s“TreeofLife”sketch.79．NowadaysanincreasingnumberofpeopleinvariouspartsofChinahavebeguntocelebratetheirflowerfestivalagain,someof,dressedinhanfu,atypeoftraditionalChinesecostume,performaseriesofceremonies.80．TheletterwasoneoftheearliestdocumentsonrecordmentionedtofuintheWest.81．Whenweeatitagain,weunlockmemoriesofatimewewerelovedandlookedafter.82．AnincreasingnumberofJunior3studentsnowdecidetofurthertheireducationinSDSZstudentsareofferedopportunitiestoharvestgrowthandexploretheirpassionforlife.83．Itisamentonsocietyandonthenatureofpeoplethroughthetaleofamanlifeischangedbyanactofforgiveness.84．TheInternethasnowbeethefirstplacethemajorityofpeopleturntoforinformation.Mr.Stoneisagreateducatorneverstopsinspiringhisstudentsandhisfellowworkerstobebetterindividuals.86．DoyourememberacertainoccasionyouwereintroubleandatthatmomentIgaveyouahand.语篇填空Festivalshaveawiderangeof87(origin).However,nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem,thespiritof88(share)joy,gratitude,love,orpeaceismon.Ofallthetraditionalfestivals,theharvestfestivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture,whichtakesplaceafterallthecrops89(gather)in.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregratefulfortheyear’ssupplyoffood.Inspiteofthefactthatcustomsplay90important