常用骨科医学专业英语词汇

常用骨科医学专业英语词汇

骨科ORTHOPEDICS

1、

概论INTRODUCTION

*fracture

n.骨折

pathologicalfracture病理骨折

fatiguefracture疲劳骨折

*openfracture开放骨折

closefracture闭合骨折

*comminutedfracture粉碎性骨折

compressedfracture压缩骨折

shock

n.休克

*deformity

n.畸形

tenderness

n.压痛

swelling

n.肿胀

ecchymosis

n.瘀斑

obstacle

n.功能障碍

*bonefascialcompartmentsyndrome骨筋膜室综合征

infection

n.感染

spinalcordinjury脊髓损伤

surroundingnerve周围神经

*fatembolism脂肪栓塞

bedsore

n.褥疮

arthroclisis

n.关节僵硬

ischemicnecrosis缺血性坏死

ischemiccontraction缺血性挛缩

*traumaticarthritis创伤性关节炎

hematoma

n.血肿

*callus

n.骨痂

heal

n.愈合

*synovitis

n.滑膜炎

*ligament

n.韧带

*tendon

n.肌腱

*pyogenicosteomyelitis化脓性骨髓炎

*reduction

n.复位

*bonetraction骨牵引

*osteoporosis

n.骨质疏松

2、上肢骨折FRACTUREOFUPPEREXTREMITIES

clavicle

n.锁骨

*humerus

n.肱骨

*rotation

n.旋转

supracondyle

n.髁上

blister

n.水疱

pulsate

n.搏动

thrombus

n.血栓

bonetumor骨肿瘤

*osteochondroma

n.骨软骨瘤

*osteosarcoma

n.骨肉瘤

chemotherapy

n.化疗

*synoviosarcoma

n.滑膜肉瘤

医学英语分科常用词汇

人体解剖学HUMANANATOMY

之运动系统LOCOMOTORSYSTEM

1、

中轴骨AXIALBONES

*bone

n.骨

*vertebrae

n.椎骨

*cervicalvertebrae颈椎

*thoracicvertebrae胸椎

lumbarvertebrae腰椎

*sacrum

n.骶骨

coccyx

尾骨

atlas

n.寰椎

axis

n.枢椎

*sternum

n.胸骨

sternalangle胸骨角

sternalmanubrium胸骨柄

xiphoidprocess剑突

*rib

n.肋

*thoraciccage胸廓

2、颅SKULL

*skull

n.颅

*frontalbone额骨

*parietalbone顶骨

*occipitalbone枕骨

*temporalbone颞骨

*sphenoidbone蝶骨

*ethmoidbone筛骨

*mandible

n.下颌骨

hyoidbone舌骨

vomer

n.犁骨

*maxilla

n.上颌骨

palatinebone腭骨

nasalbone鼻骨

lacrimalbone泪骨

inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲

zygomaticbone颧骨

*coronalsuture冠状缝

*sagitalsuture矢状缝

*lambdoidsuture人字缝

orbit

n.眶

cranialfontanelle颅囟

2、

附肢骨TARSALBONESANDEXTREMITALBONES

*clavicle

n.锁骨

*scapula

n.肩胛骨

*humerus

n.肱骨

*radius

n.桡骨

*ulna

n.尺骨

carpalbone腕骨

metacarpalbone掌骨

phalanges

n.指骨，趾骨

*hipbone髋骨

*iliumn.髂骨

*ischium

n.坐骨

*pubis

n.耻骨

*femur

n.股骨

patella

n.髌骨

*tibia

n.胫骨

*fibula

n.腓骨

tarsalbone跗骨

metatarsalbone跖骨

4、关节学ARTHROLOGY

*articulation

n.关节

*ligament

n.韧带

*flexion

n.屈

*extension

n.伸

*adduction

n.收

*medialrotation旋内

*lateralrotation旋外

pronation

n旋前.

supination

n.旋后

circumduction

n.环转

*vertebralcolumn脊柱

*thoraciccage胸廓

*intervertebraldisc椎间盘

*temporal-mandibularjoint颞下颌关节

*shoulderjoint肩关节

*elbowjoint肘关节

*radiocarpaljoint桡腕关节

*pelvis

n.骨盆

*hipjoint髋关节

*kneejoint膝关节

*anklejoint踝关节

5、肌肉系统MUSCULATURE

(1)肌学系统INTRODUCTIONOFMUSCULATURE

*muscle

n.肌肉

musclebelly肌腹

tendon

n.肌腱

aponeurosis

n.腱膜

*fascia

n.筋膜

*tendinoussheath腱鞘

（2）躯干肌TRUNKMUSCLES

trapezius

n.斜方肌

latissimusdorsi背阔肌

erectorspinae竖脊肌

*sternocleidomastoid

adj.胸锁乳突的

*scalenus

n.斜角肌

pectoralismajor胸大肌

intercostales

n.肋间肌

*diaphragm

n.膈（肌）

*inguinalcanal腹股沟管

*sheathofrectusabdominis腹直肌鞘

（3）头肌HEADMUSCLES

orbicularisoculi眼轮匝肌

masseter

n.咬肌

*temporalis

n.颞肌

*deltoid

n.三角肌

*bicepsbrachii肱二头肌

*tricepsbrachii肱三头肌

*axillaryfossa腋窝

（4）附肢肌MUSCLESATTACHEDTOEXTREMITTES

*gluteusmaximus臀大肌

piriformis

n.梨状肌

*sartorius

n.缝匠肌

*quadricepsfemoris股四头肌

tricepssurae小腿三头肌

*femoraltriangle股三角

poplitealfossa腘窝

医学英语分科常用词汇

诊断学——骨关节系统

OSTEOARTICULARSYSTEM

*Codman’striangle骨膜三角，科德曼三角

H-shapedvertebra,butterflyvertebra蝴蝶椎

Rugger-Jersayvertebra夹心椎体

Scheuermann’sdisease绍尔曼病

Schmorl’snodule施莫尔结节

Shenton’sline沈通氏线

apophysis

n.骺状突

*arthrography

n.关节造影

basilarimpression,basilarinvagination颅底凹陷

blockvertebra融合椎

boneisland骨岛

bursography

n.泪囊造影

compacta

n.骨密度

corticalporosity皮质骨疏松症

craniolacunia,luckenschadel

n.颅骨陷窝

*emptysella空蝶鞍

endostealproliferation骨内膜增生

*epiphysis

n.骨骺

Intratrabecularresorption骨小梁内吸收

ivoryvertebra象牙椎

marrow-packingdisease骨髓充填疾病

massiveosteolysis大片骨溶解

melopheostosis

n.蜡油骨症

ossification

n.骨化

osteopathiastriata纹骨症

*osteopenia

n.骨质减少

osteopetrosis

n.石骨症

osteopoikilo