2024届浙江省诸暨市高三下学期5月诊断性考试英语试题 (解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省诸暨市2024届高三下学期5月诊断性考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:00. B.9:10. C.10:00.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Excuseme,canyouanswersomeofmyquestions?I'mdoingaquicksurveyonaTVprogram.M:Sorry,Ican'tstop.I'msupposedtobeinclassat9:00andit'salreadytenpasts.2.Howdidthewomanfindherholiday?A.Adventurous. B.Awe-inspiring. C.Disappointing.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Sohow’syourholidayJane?W:Itdidn’tliveuptoourexpectationsatall.Everyonehadtoldusitwasareallyexcitingplace,butwefounditratherboring.M:Ohreally?HowbadIwasplanningtogothererecently.3.WhereisBennow?A.Inthebathroom. B.Inthestudy. C.Inthekitchen.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:Ben,canyouanswerthephoneforme?I'mbusycookingnow.M:I'msorry,butIamtakingashower.4.Whenistheprojectdue?A.InJanuary. B.InFebruary. C.InMarch.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Alex,weshouldgetstartedonourscienceproject.Iwanttofinishitassoonaspossible.M:Relax,it’snotdueforanothercoupleofmonths.W:TodayisJanuary24thalready,wehavelessthanamonth.M:Ohdear,Ithoughtitwasn’tdueuntilMarch.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanisfault-findingwithherreport.B.Shewillmakechangestothefiguressoon.C.Thereshouldbenoproblemwiththefigures.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:I’mafraidthefiguresonyourreportdon’tseemcorrect,Alice.W:Well,Icheckedthem3times.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.What’shappenedtothecopies?A.Theyareleftbehindathome.B.Theyarenowheretobefound.C.Theyfailtomeetthedeadline.7.Whatwillthemanhavetodoconsequently?A.Tocancelthepresentation.B.Tosearchelsewhere.C.Togetnewcopies.〖答案〗6.B7.C〖解析〗M:Rachel,I’velookedalloverforthecopies.Weneedtohangoutduringourpresentation.Ican’tfindthemanywhere.W:Oh,that’sterrible.Thepresentationkicksoffinonly20minutes.Didyoucheckeverywhere?M:Yeah,yourdesk.IevenwentbacktothecopymachinetoseeifIleftthemthere.W:There’snotimetosearchforthemnow,justcallJohnrightawayandtellhimtomakenewcopiesasquicklyaspossible.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Hobbies. B.Shoes. C.Leisure.9.WhycannotthewomangototheSaturdaydanceparty?A.Shewillbusyherselfwithherparents’marriageparty.B.Shedoesn’tthinkthegreenshoesproperfortheparty.C.Shedoesn’tseefittohavethemanasadancingpartner.〖答案〗8.B9.A〖解析〗M:Hi,Jenny,Itelephonedyouyesterday.Wherewereyou?W:Iwentshoppingintown.Look,whatdoyouthinkofthem?M:Oh,theylookniceonyourfeet,butI’mnotsureaboutthecolor.Aretheyblue?W:No.Theyaregreen.Ithoughtatfirsttheywereblueaswell.WhenItookthemoutsidetheshop,Isawtheyaregreen.M:ThenyoucanwearthemtothedancepartythisSaturday.It’sthebiggestpartythisyear.W:Well,myparentswillhavebeenmarriedfor40yearstillthatday.I’llhavetoprepareapartyforthem.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toreschedulehisplanetickets.B.Toconfirmhisflightinformation.C.Toinquireaboutdiscounttickets.11.Whatmakesitimpossibleforthemantoenjoythespecialrates?A.Hisfive-daymeeting. B.Hisdeparturetime. C.Therigidrules.12.Whatdoesthebadnewsmeantotheman?A.Askinganotherairline. B.Acceptingaregularticket. C.Givingupthemeeting.〖答案〗10.C11.B12.A〖解析〗M:I’mcallingaboutplaneticketstoLondon.Iunderstandyouareofferingspecialratesrightnow.W:That'scorrect.Rightnow,weareofferingbusinessclassticketsat20%offourregularrates.However,therearesomerules.Youmustspendatleast5daysinLondonandyoumustleaveonaMonday,TuesdayorWednesday.M:Iseethat’snotreallygoingtobeconvenientforme.IhavetoleaveonFridayafternoonandflybackrightafterameetingthereMondaymorning.W:Thatisbadnewsfortworeasons.First,thespecialrateisnot,ineffect,atthattime.Andsecond,therearenoseatsavailableonourFridayflight.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ahouseforrent. B.Anadvertisement. C.Thehouseowner.14.Whatdoesthewomancareaboutalot?A.Thegarage. B.Thelivingspace. C.Thegarden.15.Howdoesthemanlikethehouse?A.Justsoso. B.100%perfect. C.Satisfactory.16.Whatisthephonenumberofthehouseowner?A.01864445338. B.01764444328. C.01764445328.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.C16.C〖解析〗W:Hi,Jason.Sowhat’sthehouselike?Ihopeit’sasgoodastheadvertisementmadeout.M:It’sokay.IthinkI’vefinallyfoundsomethingwe’llbothlikeatlast.W:Great.Sowhat’sitlike?M:It’swithinwalkingdistanceofuniversity,andthecitycenterisonlyabusrightaway.W:Okay,that’sagoodstart.Butwhat’sitlikeinside?Tobehonest,whenIsawtheadvertisement,Ididn’tthinkitwouldbebigenoughforthethreeofus.Therentisnotexactlycheapforthearea.Socomeon.Isitworthit?M:Wellit’sgotthreebedroomsinanicelivingroom,sowe’llhaveourownspacetoworkandsomewheretosittogether.It’sclean,andthere’snoneedtodecorate.I’msureyourmomanddadwouldbehappywithit,ifthat’sanythingtogoby.W:Thatsoundsgood.M:Thehouseownerwasreallynice.Herdaughterwasastudentandstayedtherelastyear.W:Good.Theadvertisementsaidthere’snogarage,butIcanparkontheroadoutside.Icheckedandtherearenoparkingrestrictionsalongthatroad.Iknowtherearesomeshopsintheneighborhood,sowe’llbeokayforfoodandbasicthings.M:Yes,it’sanicehouse.Isupposeit’snotexactlymodern,butit’scleanandhasallthethingsyouneed.Washingmachine,stove.There’snogarden,whichisashame,butallinall,I’mhappywithit.W:Right?ThenI’dliketoseeitmyselfthisafternoon.M:You’dbettergivethehouseowneraringtoseeifshe’sFree.W:Okay,goodidea.Whatishernumber?M:It’samobilenumber,01764445328.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Howdoyouthinkthethreemembersfeltintheirsituations?A.Confused. B.Saddened. C.Panic-struck.18.Whatcausedtheirmisunderstanding?A.Theimproperwaytonod.B.Typicalmodesofthinking.C.Unfamiliarforeigncultures.19.WhatdoesanodmeaninAmerica?A.Itmeans“Yes”. B.Itmeans“No”. C.Itmeansnothing.20.Whatarethethreeexamplesmeanttotellus?A.Miscommunicationshappenbetweencultures.B.Exposuretoaforeigncultureisexcitingindeed.C.Waystogreetcanbedifferentacrosstheglobe.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.A20.A〖解析〗W:Livinginaforeignculturecanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeconfusing.Here,Itellyouafewofmyfriendsexperiences.ThereareagroupofAmericanswhotaughtEnglishinothercountries.Theydecidedthatmiscommunicationswerealwayspossibleevenoversomethingassimpleasyesandno.OnthefirstdayinMicronesia,Lisathoughtpeoplewereignoringherrequests.Thedaywashot.Sheneededacolddrink.Shewentintoastoreandasked.doyouhavecolddrinks?Thewomantheredidn’tsayanything.Lisarepeatedthequestion.Still.thewomansaidnothing.Lisagaveupandleftthestore.Shelaterlearnedthatthewomanhadansweredher.Shehadraisedhereyebrows,whichinMicronesiameans,yes.JanhadanexperienceinBulgaria.Shehadgonetoarestaurantthatwasknownforitsspecialcabbage.Sheaskedthewaiter,doyouhavethecabbagetoday?Henoddedhishead?Janeagerlywaited,butthecabbagenevercameinthatcountry.Anodmeansno.TomhadasimilarproblemwhenhearrivedinIndia.Afterexplainingsomethinginclass,heaskedhisstudentsiftheyunderstood.Theyrespondedwithmanydifferentnodsandshakesofthehead.Hethoughtsomepeoplehadnotunderstood.Soheexplainedagain.Whenheaskedagainiftheyunderstood,theydidthesamething.Hesoonfoundoutthathisstudentsdidunderstand.InIndia,peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentways,dependingonwheretheycomefrom.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandiftheymeanyesorno.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳〖答案〗。ATheBestMaldivesIslandforYourTravelStyleEveryresort(度假地)inMaldivesisitsownprivateislandbutchoosingtherightoneforyoucanbedifficult.WanttokickoffyourIndianOceanholidayinstyle?Ourguidewillhelpyouknowwhattolookforinthehuntforyouridealisland.WaldorfAstoriaMaldivesIthaafushiYou’llnevergohungryattheWaldorfAstoriaMaldivesIthaafushi,whichhas11restaurants,includingonesspecializingingarden-to-tablecuisine.Thereareregularfood-themedevents,too—ourfavoritesincludeArabianNightandtheTwilightSeafoodBarbecue.FourSeasonsResortMaldivesConsideredoneofthebestspotsintheMaldivesforhoneymoons,theFourSeasonsResortMaldiveshasahugerangeofroomcategoriesandoffersabrilliantselectionofpackages,includingIslandRomancepackagesthatfeaturefantasticextrasdesignedwithcouplesinmind.FairmontMaldivesTherearenumerousreasonstovisittheFairmontMaldives,includingthefactthatit’sagreatplacetolearnaboutsustainability,whetherit’sattheSustainabilityLab,whereguestscanturndiscardedplasticbottlesintojewelryorduringexcursionswithmarinebiologistsfromacharitycreatedtoprotectseaturtles.HeritanceAarahHeritanceAarahrecentlyopeneditsLiveMaldivianVillageMuseum,whichfocuseson4,000yearsofMaldivianhistory.Guestscanlearnabouttheartofcoralstonecarvingandfindoutwhylocalsareknownassomeoftheworld’sbestboatbuilders.ToensureyouexperiencetheMaldives’bestbits,scheduleaholidayeverymonthwithoutfail.We’rejoking,butyougetthepoint:thinkwhatyouwanttoseeanddo,andbrushuponthedifferentareas’seasonalsellingpoints.21.Whoarethetargetreadersofthearticle?A.Sportslovers. B.Travelenthusiasts.C.Wildernessexplorers. D.Travelagents.22.Whatdoyouknowaboutthefourislandsrecommended?A.Theyarethefirstfourmost-visitedsites. B.Theyhavetheirownuniquecharacteristics.C.Theyarejusttailoredforyoungcouples. D.Theyfeatureabsolutepeaceandtranquility.23.Whydoestheauthormakesuggestionsinthelastparagraph?A.TopersuadeyoutojourneytoMaldives. B.Tourgeyoutostartaholidayearly.C.Toremindyounottomisssellingpoints. D.Tohelpyouchoosetheidealisland.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在马尔代夫岛观光时可以去的四个岛屿。〖答案〗21.B22.B23.D【21题详析】推理判断题。由第一段中“Everyresort(度假地)inMaldivesisitsownprivateislandbutchoosingtherightoneforyoucanbedifficult.(马尔代夫的每个度假胜地都有自己的私人岛屿，但为你选择合适的岛屿可能很困难)”和“Ourguidewillhelpyouknowwhattolookforinthehuntforyouridealisland.(我们的导游将帮助您了解在寻找理想岛屿的过程中应该寻找什么)”，下文关于四个岛屿的介绍和最后一段中“ToensureyouexperiencetheMaldives’bestbits,scheduleaholidayeverymonthwithoutfail.(为了确保您体验马尔代夫最好的景点，请每月安排一次假期)”可知，文章主要介绍了在马尔代夫岛观光时可以去的四个岛屿，其目标读者是旅游爱好者。故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。由WaldorfAstoriaMaldivesIthaafushi中“Thereareregularfood-themedevents,too—ourfavoritesincludeArabianNightandtheTwilightSeafoodBarbecue.(这里也有定期的美食主题活动——我们最喜欢的包括阿拉伯之夜和黄昏海鲜烧烤)”，FourSeasonsResortMaldives中“ConsideredoneofthebestspotsintheMaldivesforhoneymoons,theFourSeasonsResortMaldiveshasahugerangeofroomcategoriesandoffersabrilliantselectionofpackages,includingIslandRomancepackagesthatfeaturefantasticextrasdesignedwithcouplesinmind.(马尔代夫四季度假酒店被认为是马尔代夫最适合度蜜月的地方之一，它有各种各样的房间类别，提供各种各样的套餐，包括IslandRomance套餐，其中包括为情侣设计的奇妙附加功能)”，FairmontMaldives中“TherearenumerousreasonstovisittheFairmontMaldives,includingthefactthatit’sagreatplacetolearnaboutsustainability,whetherit’sattheSustainabilityLab,whereguestscanturndiscardedplasticbottlesintojewelryorduringexcursionswithmarinebiologistsfromacharitycreatedtoprotectseaturtles.(参观马尔代夫费尔蒙特有很多原因，包括这是一个学习可持续发展的好地方，无论是在可持续发展实验室，客人可以在那里把丢弃的塑料瓶变成珠宝，还是在与一家为保护海龟而设的慈善机构的海洋生物学家一起游览时)”和HeritanceAarah中“HeritanceAarahrecentlyopeneditsLiveMaldivianVillageMuseum,whichfocuseson4,000yearsofMaldivianhistory.Guestscanlearnabouttheartofcoralstonecarvingandfindoutwhylocalsareknownassomeoftheworld’sbestboatbuilders.(HeritanceAarah最近开设了马尔代夫乡村博物馆，重点展示了4000年的马尔代夫历史。客人可以了解珊瑚石雕刻的艺术，并了解为什么当地人被称为世界上最好的造船师)”可知，推荐的四个岛屿有自己独特的特点。故选B项。【23题详析】推理判断题。由最后一段“ToensureyouexperiencetheMaldives’bestbits,scheduleaholidayeverymonthwithoutfail.We’rejoking,butyougetthepoint:thinkwhatyouwanttoseeanddo,andbrushuponthedifferentareas’seasonalsellingpoints.(为了确保您体验马尔代夫最好的景点，请每月安排一次假期。我们在开玩笑，但你要抓住要点：想想你想看什么、想做什么，然后重温一下不同地区的季节性卖点)”可知，作者以开玩笑的方式建议读者每月安排一次去马尔代夫的假期，其目的还是希望帮助游客选择理想的岛屿以供其游玩。故选D项。BInHollywood,fewactorshaveexperiencedacareerasdiverseandprolificasHarrisonFord.FromthefearlessIndianaJonestothecharmingHanSoloandtheworld-wearyRickDeckard,Ford’sportrayal(饰演)oficoniccharactershasleftapermanentmarkoncinemaandpopculture.Yet,theironyliesinhowmanyofhiscareer-definingrolesfellintothis“latebloomer’s”lapbychance.BorninChicago,Harrisonwasdiscouragedfrompursuingacareeronthesilverscreenearlyon,havingfailedtolandanysignificantparts.Instead,heturnedtoprofessionalcarpentry(木工)asameanstokeephisfamilyfed.Butfatehadotherplans.WhileworkingasacarpenterinHollywood,FordcrossedpathswithnumerouscelebrityclientssuchasJoanDidionand,mostnotably,directorGeorgeLucas,whohiredhimtobuildcabinetsforhisoffice.LittledidFordknowthatthischanceencounterwouldleadtohisbreakthroughroleasthecharmingHanSoloinStarWars.LucaswasimpressedbyFord’spresenceandofferedhimtheiconicrole.Intime,Fordrosetoastar.Ford’snextluckymomentcamewhenhetriedoutfortheroleofIndianaJonesinamassiveprojectbyLucasandStevenSpielberg,RaidersoftheLostArk.SpielberginitiallywantedFordfortherole,butLucaswashesitantashehadalreadyworkedwithFordonStarWarand1973’sAmericanGraffiti.Thentheproductionteamtriedmanyotherpossibilitiesbutwithoutluck.Eventually,therolewenttoFord,strengtheninghisstatusasaHollywoodlegend.Thefilmseriesbecameaworldwidesensation,stimulatingpeople’simaginationandinspiringagenerationoffuturearchaeologists.Over40yearsandfourfilmslater,Fordfoundhimselfcompletingtheserieswiththefifthandfinalinstallment.Eighty-one-year-oldHarrisonreceivedafive-minutestandingovation(鼓掌)attheCannesFilmFestivalPremiereandpickedupanhonoraryPalmed’Orforhisachievements.Ford’scommitmenttohiscareerisevidentashesaid,“Ilovethework!Myluckhasbeentoworkwithincrediblytalentedpeople,tofindmywayintothiscrowdofgeniuses.”DespitehislegendarystatusinHollywood,Ford’shumilityshinesthrough.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prolific”probablymeaninparagraph1?A.Productive. B.Fruitless. C.Hard-earned. D.Promising.25.WhatmadeHarrisondiscouragedinhisearlyfilmcareer?A.Hislackoftalent. B.Theuncertainprospect.C.Thedullindustry. D.Hisfamilyopposition.26.WhatisthefactorhighlightedinthepassageinFord’slandingtheimportantroles?A.Hisgoodfortune. B.Hisconvincingacting.C.Hisfinereputation. D.Hisbigcircleoffriends.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHarrison?A.Arisingfilmgenius. B.Ahumblecarpenter.C.AHollywoodlegend. D.Afearlesschallenger.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好莱坞著名演员哈里森·福特的个人事迹和演艺经历。〖答案〗24.A25.B26.A27.C【24题详析】词句猜测题。由第一段中“InHollywood,fewactorshaveexperiencedacareerasdiverseandprolificasHarrisonFord.FromthefearlessIndianaJonestothecharmingHanSoloandtheworld-wearyRickDeckard,Ford’sportrayal(饰演)oficoniccharactershasleftapermanentmarkoncinemaandpopculture.(在好莱坞，很少有演员能像哈里森·福特那样经历过多样化和prolific职业生涯。从无畏的印第安纳·琼斯到迷人的韩·索罗和厌世的里克·德卡德，福特对标志性人物的刻画在电影和流行文化中留下了永久的印记)”可知，哈里森·福特塑造了多个令人印象深刻的角色，在电影和流行文化中留下了永久的印记，可得出他的演员职业生涯很富有成效，划线词意为“多产的、富有成效的（Productive）”。故选A项。【25题详析】细节理解题。由第二段中“BorninChicago,Harrisonwasdiscouragedfrompursuingacareeronthesilverscreenearlyon,havingfailedtolandanysignificantparts.(哈里森出生于芝加哥，由于未能出演任何重要角色，他很早就被劝阻不要在银幕上追求职业生涯)”可知，由于未能出演任何重要角色，职业前景的不确定性让哈里森在早期的电影生涯中气馁。故选B项。【26题详析】细节理解题。由第三段中“Butfatehadotherplans.WhileworkingasacarpenterinHollywood,FordcrossedpathswithnumerouscelebrityclientssuchasJoanDidionand,mostnotably,directorGeorgeLucas,whohiredhimtobuildcabinetsforhisoffice.LittledidFordknowthatthischanceencounterwouldleadtohisbreakthroughroleasthecharmingHanSoloinStarWars.(但命运另有安排。在好莱坞做木匠期间，福特结识了许多名人客户，如琼·狄迪恩，最著名的是导演乔治·卢卡斯，后者聘请福特为他的办公室建造橱柜。福特不知道，这次偶然的相遇将使他在《星球大战》中扮演极具吸引力的汉·索罗，这是一个突破性的角色)”和第四段中“Ford’snextluckymomentcamewhenhetriedoutfortheroleofIndianaJonesinamassiveprojectbyLucasandStevenSpielberg,RaidersoftheLostArk.(福特的下一个幸运时刻是，他在卢卡斯和史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格的一个大型项目《夺宝奇兵》中试演印第安纳·琼斯一角)”可知，福特的好运是他获得重要角色的突出因素。故选A项。【27题详析】细节理解题。由第一段中“InHollywood,fewactorshaveexperiencedacareerasdiverseandprolificasHarrisonFord.(在好莱坞，很少有演员能像哈里森·福特那样经历过多样化和多产的职业生涯)”和最后一段中“DespitehislegendarystatusinHollywood,Ford’shumilityshinesthrough.(尽管福特在好莱坞有着传奇般的地位，但他的谦逊仍历历在目)”可知，哈里森是好莱坞的传奇人物。故选C项。CWhalesarecelebratedforbeingthelargestandmostintelligentcreaturesintheocean.Now,biologistshavediscoveredthattheyalsocapture(捕获)tonsofcarbonfromtheatmosphere,aservicewithaneconomicvalueofUS$1trillionforallthegreatwhales,accordingtoanewstudypublishedbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.Thestudypointsoutthatprotectingwhales,normallyviewedasahumangood,alsohasamonetarymotivation.“Thecarboncapturepotentialofwhalesistrulyincredible,”saidthereport.“OurconservativeestimatesputthevalueoftheaveragegreatwhaleatmorethanUS$2million,andeasilyoverUS$1trillionforthecurrentstockofgreatwhales.”Whalesabsorbcarbonintheirbodiesduringtheirlonglives,someofwhichstretchto200years.Whentheydie,theysinktothebottomoftheocean,takingthecarbonwiththem.Accordingtothestudy,eachgreatwhaletrapsaround33tonsofcarbondioxideonaverage.Atreeduringthesameperiodonlycontributesto3percentofthecarbonabsorptionofthewhale.Whalepopulationsaretodayasmidgenofwhattheyoncewere.Itisestimatedthatthereareslightlymorethan1.3millionwhalesintheocean,aquarteroftheirpre-whalingnumberof4to5million.Somespeciesinparticular,likethebluewhale,areonly3percentofwhattheyusedtobe.“Wecancreatefinancialmethodstopromotetherestorationoftheworld’swhalepopulations,”saidthereport’sauthors.“Rewardscouldhelpthosewhopaysignificantcostsasaresultofwhaleprotection.”WiththeParisAgreementcomingintoforcenextyearandtheeffectsofclimatechangeevermorewidespread,wemustpreventtheharmtowhales.Researchersanalyzedthatunlessnewmethodsareputforward,itwouldtakeover30yearstodoublethenumberofcurrentwhales,andseveralgenerationstoreturnthemtotheirpre-whalingnumbers.“Societyandourownsurvivalcan’taffordtowaitthislong,”theysaid.28.Whatdoesthenewstudyrevealaboutwhales?A.Theyaremoney-makersforgood. B.Theirintelligenceisunquestionable.C.Theyareanaturalclimatesolution. D.Theirsurvivalisthreatenedbycarbon.29.Whyisawhalecomparedwithatreeinparagraph2?A.Toindicateallmatterregardinggreenefforts. B.Toillustratewhalesarefriendlytotheoceans.C.Tohighlightwhales’carboncapturepotential. D.Toemphasizetheimportanceoftreeplanting.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromwhatresearcherssaidinparagraph4?A.Climatechangeintensifies. B.Whalepopulationsstaylow.C.Oursurvivalisendangered. D.Whaleprotectionisapriority.31.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?A.Protectwhalestoprotecttheplanet B.HowtorestorewhalepopulationsC.Liveinharmonywithoceangiants D.Whalescanguaranteeoursurvival【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究发现鲸鱼有巨大的碳捕获能力，但是它们受到威胁，因此，我们必须保护鲸鱼，也就是保护地球和我们自己。〖答案〗28.C29.C30.D31.A【28题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whalesarecelebratedforbeingthelargestandmostintelligentcreaturesintheocean.Now,biologistshavediscoveredthattheyalsocapture(捕获)tonsofcarbonfromtheatmosphere,aservicewithaneconomicvalueofUS$1trillionforallthegreatwhales,accordingtoanewstudypublishedbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.(鲸鱼被认为是海洋中最大、最聪明的生物。根据国际货币基金组织发表的一项新研究，生物学家发现它们还从大气中捕获了数吨的碳，这一服务对所有大型鲸鱼来说都具有1万亿美元的经济价值)”可知，新的研究发现，鲸鱼能从大气中捕获碳，它们是一种自然的气候解决方案。故选C。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Accordingtothestudy,eachgreatwhaletrapsaround33tonsofcarbondioxideonaverage.Atreeduringthesameperiodonlycontributesto3percentofthecarbonabsorptionofthewhale.(根据这项研究，每头鲸鱼平均能捕获33吨二氧化碳。在同一时期，一棵树只贡献了鲸鱼碳吸收的3%)”可推知，文章将鲸鱼捕获碳的能力与树木相比较，来强调鲸鱼的碳捕获巨大的潜力。故选C。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Researchersanalyzedthatunlessnewmethodsareputforward,itwouldtakeover30yearstodoublethenumberofcurrentwhales,andseveralgenerationstoreturnthemtotheirpre-whalingnumbers.“Societyandourownsurvivalcan’taffordtowaitthislong,”theysaid.(研究人员分析说，除非提出新的方法，否则将需要30多年的时间才能使目前的鲸鱼数量增加一倍，并需要几代人的时间才能使它们恢复到捕鲸前的数量。他们说：“社会和我们自己的生存等不起这么久。”)”可知，研究人员表示，需要使用新的方法使鲸鱼的数量尽快恢复，否则回威胁我们自身的生存。因此，保护鲸鱼是当务之急。故选D。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Whalesarecelebratedforbeingthelargestandmostintelligentcreaturesintheocean.Now,biologistshavediscoveredthattheyalsocapture(捕获)tonsofcarbonfromtheatmosphere,aservicewithaneconomicvalueofUS$1trillionforallthegreatwhales,accordingtoanewstudypublishedbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.(鲸鱼被认为是海洋中最大、最聪明的生物。根据国际货币基金组织发表的一项新研究，生物学家发现它们还从大气中捕获了数吨的碳，这一服务对所有大型鲸鱼来说都具有1万亿美元的经济价值)”及第四段“WiththeParisAgreementcomingintoforcenextyearandtheeffectsofclimatechangeevermorewidespread,wemustpreventtheharmtowhales.(随着《巴黎协定》明年生效，气候变化的影响越来越广泛，我们必须防止对鲸鱼的伤害)”可知，鲸鱼有巨大的碳捕获能力，但是它们受到威胁，因此，我们必须保护鲸鱼，也就是保护地球和我们自己。A选项“保护鲸鱼就是保护地球”为最佳标题。故选A。DVitaminDwasrecognizedacenturyagoasthecureforrickets,achildhooddiseasethatcausesweakbones.Then,intheearly2000s,apileofstudiessuggestedthatlowvitaminDlevelscouldbeafactorincancer,cardiovascular(心血管)disease,Parkinson’sdiseaseandsoon.Thissimplevitaminseemedtobeacureforwhatevertroubledus.However,alltheseobservationalstudieshaveafundamentalweakness:theycanidentifyaco-occurrencebetweenvitaminDandadisease,buttheycan’tprovethereisacause-and-effectrelation.TolookatwhethertakingvitaminDhadcurativeeffects,Mansonandherteamstartedtheworld’slargestandmostfar-reachingrandomizedvitaminDtrial.Thestudyfollowednearly26,000healthyadults,randomizedtoreceiveeither2,000internationalunits(IU)ofvitaminDoraplacebo(安慰剂),foranaverageof5.3years.Thevolunteerswerealmostevenlysplitbetweenmenandwomen,and20percentoftheparticipantswereblack.Theresultscameasashock.NotonlydidvitaminDnotreduceratesofcancerorheartdisease,butthetrialalsofoundthatvitaminDdidnotpreventorimprovecognitivefunction,orreducetheriskofbonefractures(骨折).Thefindingaboutfractures“wasarealsurprisetomanypeople,”Mansonsays.In2011,theInstituteofMedicineestablishedanexpertcommitteetoconductathoroughanalysisofallexistingstudiesonvitaminDandhealth.Thecommitteeconcludedthatthebone-strengtheningbenefitsofvitaminDremainsteadywhenbloodlevelsreach12to16nanogramspermillililter.Theyalsofoundthattherewerenobenefitstohavinglevelsabove20ng/ml.AccordingtomeasurementsofvitaminDlevelsinthegeneralU.S.population,mosthadlevelsof20ng/mlormorein2011.Levelshaveactuallyrisensincethen,meaningthatmostpeopledon’tneedtotakeextravitaminD.TheupsanddownsofvitaminDofferalessoninhumility.Therelationbetweenthevitaminanddiseaseisfarmorecomplicatedthanitfirstseemedandareminderthatscientificunderstandingisalwaysdevelopingovertime.32.WhatistheproblemwiththeearlystudiesregardingvitaminD?A.Norelatedcaseswereinvolved. B.Theylackconvincingevidence.C.Noobservationwasconducted. D.Theyfailtoaccountforanything.33.Whywere20percentoftheparticipantsblackinManson’strial?A.ToidentifyvitaminD-relateddisease. B.Tohelpsolvetheproblemstheyfaced.C.Tomaketheirfindingsmorereliable. D.Toshowtheirrespectfortheminority.34.Whatdoyouknowaboutthefindingsinparagraph3and4?A.TheyprovedvitaminDwasthecurefordisease.B.TheyrevealedthatvitaminDmadenodifference.C.TheycameasnosurprisetoMansonandherteam.D.Theyupdatedpeople’sknowledgeaboutvitaminD.35.WhatshouldwerealizefromtheupsanddownsofvitaminD?A.Scientificunderstandingisdynamic. B.Weshouldnotbelievetheoldtheories.C.Researchintovitaminsisworthwhile. D.Somediseasesarepracticallyincurable.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了不同时期对于维生素D对人体健康的研究，最新的研究发现，当血液中维生素D的含量达到每毫升12至16毫微克时，维生素D对骨骼的增强作用保持稳定，这一发现更新了人们的认识，也让我们认识到科学是动态发展的。〖答案〗32.B33.C34.D35.A【32题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However,alltheseobservationalstudieshaveafundamentalweakness:theycanidentifyaco-occurrencebetweenvitaminDandadisease,buttheycan’tprovethereisacause-and-effectrelation.(然而，所有这些观察性研究都有一个根本的弱点：它们可以确定维生素D和疾病之间的共同发生，但它们不能证明两者之间存在因果关系)”可知，先前的研究无法证明缺少维生素D会导致疾病的发生，缺乏有力的实验证据。故选B。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“TolookatwhethertakingvitaminDhadcurativeeffects,Mansonandherteamstartedtheworld’slargestandmostfar-reachingrandomizedvitaminDtrial.(为了研究服用维生素D是否有疗效，曼森和她的团队开始了世界上规模最大、影响最深远的随机维生素D试验)”及“Thevolunteerswerealmostevenlysplitbetweenmenandwomen,and20percentoftheparticipantswereblack.(志愿者中男女几乎各占一半，20%的参与者是黑人)”可推知，曼森的实验中有20%的黑人参与者是为了使实验数据更广泛，从而使得结果更可靠。故选C。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“VitaminDwasrecognizedacenturyagoasthecureforrickets,achildhooddiseasethatcausesweakbones.Then,intheearly2000s,apileofstudiessuggestedthatlowvitaminDlevelscouldbeafactorincancer,cardiovascular(心血管)disease,Parkinson’sdiseaseandsoon.(一个世纪前，维生素D被认为是治疗佝偻病的良药，佝偻病是一种导致骨骼脆弱的儿童疾病。然后，在21世纪初，大量研究表明，维生素D水平低可能是癌症、心血管疾病、帕金森病等疾病