上海市上海外国语大学附属中学九年级上学期第四周周练英语试题

20192020学年度上海市上海外国语大学附属中学九年级（上）第四周周测卷I.ChoiceA.Grammar1.Driversusingmobilephoneson________roadaremorelikelytohave________accidents,asciencereportsaidrecently.Aa;the B./;/ C.the;/ D./;the【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：最近一份科学报告称，在路上使用的司机更容易发生交通事故。考查冠词。不定冠词a/an表泛指，a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前；定冠词the表特指；空格1中ontheroad“在路上”为固定表达；accidents用名词复数表泛指，前不用定冠词；故选C。2.Tomeettheeverincreasingdemand________oilrefiningequipment,thepanywillproducemoreofsuchequipment.A.of B.on C.with D.for【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：为了满足人们对炼油设备日益增长的需求，公司将生产更多这种设备。考查介词辨析。of……的；on关于；with和……一起；for对于……。根据固定搭配“对……的需求：demandfor...”可知，for符合句意。故选D。3.—Thefilmis,Ihavetosay,notabitinteresting.—Why?It’s________thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.A.farmoreinteresting B.muchlessinterestingC.nomoreinteresting D.anylessinteresting【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意——不得不说，这部电影一点意思都没有。——为什么？这比我看过的任何一个电影都有趣。考查比较级用法。根据答语“why?”可知回答对上文的观点并不赞同，他认为这个电影很有趣，farmore意为“……多得多”。故选A。4.Itisonethingtoenjoylisteningtomusic,butitis________anothertoplayitwellyourself.A.quite B.very C.rather D.much【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：喜欢听音乐是一回事，但是自己把它演奏好完全是另一回事。考查副词辨析。quite相当、完全，修饰名词，表示强调；very非常，修饰形容词或副词，表示强调；rather有些、相当，也可用来修饰名词，特别指一些不愉快的事，表示贬义；much非常，用于修饰比较级。空后another指代anotherthing，是名词，故排除B、D；这里表示完全是另一回事，只是表示强调，故选A。5.Themediumbelievesthepriceofpetrolwillrisebymorethan________twopercent.A.other B.another C.anyother D.theother【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：媒体认为，汽油价格将再上涨2%以上。考查代词辨析。other其他的，修饰名词复数；another又一个，再一个；anyother其他的，修饰名词单数；theother另一个，表示两者中的另一个。根据“Themediumbelievesthepriceofpetrolwillrisebymorethan...twopercent.”可知，此处表示再上涨2%以上，表示“又，再”，应用another。故选B。6.________goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.A.Farfrom B.Apartfrom C.Insteadof D.Regardlessof【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：除了良好的服务外，这家餐厅还提供不同种类的传统福建菜。考查介词短语。Farfrom远离；Apartfrom除了；Insteadof代替；Regardlessof不顾。根据“...goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes”可知，此处指除了服务好，餐馆还提供各种福建菜，其它选项不合句意。故选B。7.—Whyhaven’tyouaskedhertoehere?—She________animportantexperimentwhenIfoundherandshe_______it.A.haddone;didn’tfinish B.wasdoing;hasn’tfinished C.did;wouldn’tfinish D.hasdone;hadn’tfinished【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你为什么没叫她过来？——当我发现她的时候，她正在做实验，而且还没有完成。考查时态。whenIfoundher为一般过去时，表示她过去正在做实验，用过去进行时wasdoing；而且没让她来的原因是她目前还没有完成实验，用现在完成时，故选B。8.—Thepresidentmadeabrilliantdecision,didn’the?—Yes,hedid.Idon’tknowwhatIwouldhavedoneifI________tomakethatdecision.A.were B.hadhad C.havehad D.had【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——总统做了一个明智的决定，不是吗？——是的，他做到了。我不知道如果我必须做出那个决定，我会怎么做。考查虚拟语气和动词时态。根据“Idon’tknowwhatIwouldhavedoneifI...tomakethatdecision”结合句意可知，此处是对过去事情的假设，用虚拟语气，主句用would+现在完成时结构，则从句用过去完成时（haddone）。故选B。9.Thephysicistsproposethatourattention________theuseofspecialmethodsofthinkingandacting.A.wouldbedirectedtowards B.bedirectedtowardsC.isdirectedtowards D.directtowards【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：物理学家们建议，我们的注意力应转向使用特殊的思考和行动方法。考查虚拟语气。根据“propose”一词可知，从句应该用虚拟语气“shoulddosth.”，而should可省略；再者根据“ourattention”和“direct”的关系可知，两者是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，所以bedirectedtowards符合句意。故选B。10.Thetrafficrulesaysthatyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand________lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighed B.toweigh C.weighed D.weighing【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：交通规则规定，4岁以下、体重小于40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。考查非谓语动词。weigh是动词，意为“有……重”；根据“youngchildrenundertheageoffourand...lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.”可知，weigh与主语youngchildren之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词weighing，weighinglessthan40pounds修饰主语。故选D。11.Nobodybutdoctorsornursesandthose________byDr.Li________toenterthepatient’sroom.A.beinginvited;allowed B.areinvited;areallowedC.invited;isallowed D.invited;areallowed【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：除了医生，护士和那些被李医生邀请的人，没有人可以进入那个病人的房间。考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知but表示“除了”，句子主语是but前面的内容，即就远原则。故主语是nobody。第一空作后置定语修饰those，invite和those之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词修饰。排除A和B项；主语是nobody，谓语动词应用单数，故第二空被动语态用isallowed。故选C。12.________interestedinthepositionareaskedtoseethemanagerinhisofficetomorrow.A.Whoever B.Who C.Anyone D.Those【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：那些对这个职位感兴趣的人被要求明天到经理的办公室去见他。考查代词辨析。Whoever无论谁；Who谁；Anyone任何人；Those那些。空处却主语，由be动词are可知，主语用表示复数的词，thoseinterestedintheposition=thosewhoareinterestedintheposition，其中interestedintheposition作后置定语。故选D。13.Sheisacrazyfanofthissinger.________shehaslistenedtohissongshundredsoftimes,shenevergetstired.A.If B.Aslongas C.Unless D.Evenif【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：她是这位歌手的狂热歌迷。即使她听了他的歌几百遍，她也从不疲倦。考查连词辨析。if如果；aslongas只要；unless除非；evenif即使。根据“...shehaslistenedtohissongshundredsoftimes,shenevergetstired.”结合句意可知，两句之间是让步关系，所以用evenif引导让步状语从句。故选D。14.Wedon’tpermit________,butyouarepermitted________outside.A.smoking;smoking B.tosmoke;tosmokeC.smoking;tosmoke D.tosmoke;smoking【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我们不允许吸烟，但你可以在外面吸烟。考查动词短语。允许做某事：permitdoingsth.；允许某人做某事：故第一空排除BD;permitsb.todosth.其被动形式是sbbepermitedtodo。故排除A。故选C。15.Whentheclerksawakindoffacewrinkledinanapologeticsmile,shestood________totheground,________whethertostayorleave.A.rooted;wondering B.toberooted;wonderC.rooting;towonder D.toroot;wondered【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：当店员看到一张满脸皱纹的脸带着歉意的微笑时，她像生了根似的站在地上，不知道该走还是该留。考查非谓语动词。rooted生根的；wonder想知道；结合选项分析句子可知，第一空使用过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态或感受，相当于形容词；she与wonder之间是主谓关系，第二空使用现在分词作伴随状语，故选A。16.—Wedidn’tfindTom________thelecture.—Noonehadtoldhimabout________alecturethefollowingday.A.toattend;theretobe B.attending;therebeingC.attended;therebe D.attend;therewas【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——我们没有发现汤姆来听讲座。——没人告诉他第二天有讲座。考查分词的用法。根据固定搭配“findsb.doingsth.”可知，此空需要现在分词形式作宾语补足语；再者根据“about”一词可知，其后动词用动名词形式，因此therebeing符合句意。故选B。17.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwentonallthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.A.tothank B.thanking C.havingthanked D.havethanked【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，AnneBenedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。goontodo继续做不同的事情，goondoing“继续做相同的事情。此处表示她先获得奥斯卡最佳女配角，又去感谢帮助她的人，表示继续做另一件事，故选A。点睛：goontodosth继续做另一件事；例如：Aftertheyhadreadthetext,thestudentswentontodotheexercises．读完课文后，学生们继续做练习。goondoingsth继续做原来的事；例如：Thestudentswentontalkingandlaughingalltheway一路上学生们一直有说有笑。18.Theword“media”basicallyrefersto________wemonlycallnewspapers,magazines,radiosandtelevisions.A.which B.what C./ D.that【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：“媒体”一词基本上是指我们通常所说的报纸、杂志、收音机和电视。考查宾语从句连接词。在宾语从句中，which哪一个，可作主语、宾语；that无意义；what什么人/物，可作主语、宾语。what在宾语从句中作call的双宾语中的一个，故选B。19.Mary________myletter,otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.A.hasreceived B.oughttohavereceivedC.couldn’thavereceived D.shouldn’thavereceived【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：玛丽不可能收到我的信，否则她早就回信了。考查情态动词对过去的推测。hasreceived已经收到；oughttohavereceived应该已经收到；couldn’thavereceived不可能收到；shouldn’thavereceived应该没有收到。根据“otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.”可知，是对过去情况的虚拟，因此前一句也是对过去的推测，所以玛丽不可能收到我的信。故选C。20.Onthetopofthehill________theoldmanoncelived.A.atemplestandsthereinwhich B.atemplestandingonwhichC.doesatemplestandwhere D.standsatemplewhere【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：山顶上有一座老人曾经住过的庙宇。考查完全倒装和定语从句。根据“Onthetopofthehill”可知，此句是一个完全倒装的句子，因此谓语动词要和主语调换位置；再者根据句子结构可知，“theoldmanoncelived.”用于修饰先行词“atemple”，而定语从句缺少状语成分，因此用where引导定语从句。故选D。B.Vocabulary21.Theuniversityconsistentlyreceivesahigh________forthequalityofitsteachingandresearch.Astandard B.evaluation C.rating D.ment【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：这所大学的教学和研究质量一直得到很高的评价。名词词义辨析。standard标准；evaluation评估；rating评价；ment评论。根据上文high及下文forthequalityofitsteachingandresearch.可知是获得高的评价，故选C。22.Hisfertilemindkeepsturningoutnewideas.Theunderlinedpartmeans________.A.abundant B.unbelievable C.productive D.generative【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：他那有创造力的头脑不断产生新想法。下划线部分意思是“富有成效的”。考查形容词词义辨析。abundant丰富的，充沛的，富饶的，指某物十分充足，量大得异常；unbelievable难以置信的；productive多产的，生产的，富有成效的，指具有产生或产生的能力；generative生殖的，生产的，指能够生产某物。根据题干划线部分词“fertile”，意为肥沃的，富饶的，可形容人在智力上富有成效。可见productive的意义与之相近，故选C。23.Thepracticeofhangingclothesacrossthestreetisamon________inmanypartsofthecity.A.look B.sign C.sight D.appearance【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：在大街上晾晒衣服在这个城市的许多地方是很常见的景象。考查名词辨析。look面容；sign标志；sight景象；appearance外貌。根据“Thepracticeofhangingclothesacrossthestreet”可知，在街上挂衣服是一种常见的景象。故选C。24.Thescientistwasso________withhishistoricalresearchthatheneglectedsleepandmeals.A.filled B.confused C.entertained D.occupied【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这位科学家全神贯注于他的历史研究，连睡觉吃饭都顾不上了。考查形容词辨析。filled充满的；confused困惑的；entertained娱乐的；occupied忙于。根据“thatheneglectedsleepandmeals”可知，此处指忙于研究，所以忘了吃饭，考查固定短语beoccupiedwithsth.“忙于做某事”，故选D。25.Thetaxiis________inthislittletown,butmostpeopleseemtopreferthebus.A.valuable B.available C.acceptable D.considerable【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：这个小镇有出租车，但大多数人似乎更喜欢公交车。考查形容词辨析。valuable有价值的，贵重的；available可得到的，可利用的；acceptable可接受的；considerable相当大的，重要的；根据“Thetaxiis...inthislittletown,butmostpeopleseemtopreferthebus.”及选项可知，这个小镇有出租车，但大多数人似乎更喜欢公交车。此处使用available，表示“可利用的”，符合语境。故选B。26.Agrandceremonywasheldonthatday________thosewholaiddowntheirlivesforthemotherlandintheAntiJapaneseWar.A.infavourof B.inhonourof C.insearchof D.inchargeof【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：那天举行了一个盛大的仪式，纪念那些在抗日战争中为祖国牺牲的人。考查介词短语。infavourof支持；inhonourof为纪念；insearchof寻找；inchargeof负责。根据“thosewholaiddowntheirlivesforthemotherlandintheAntiJapaneseWar.”可知，是为了纪念这些为国牺牲的人，故选B。27.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand________himofspeeding.A.charged B.accused C.blamed D.deprived【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：当他开车回家时，警察拦住了他，指控他超速行驶。考查动词辨析。charged控告，常用于短语chargesb.withsth.；accused指责、控告，常用于短语accusesb.ofsth.；blamed责怪，常用于短语blamesb.forsth.；deprived剥夺。根据“...himofspeeding”可知，警察拦住他应是指控他超速，符合accusesb.ofsth.的结构。故选B。28.Psychologistssaythat________ouremotionswillmakeusfeelbetterandthereisnothingtobeashamedof.A.relieving B.relaxing C.releasing D.removing【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：心理学家说，释放情绪会让我们感觉更好。没什么好羞愧的。考查单词辨析。relieving减轻；relaxing放松；releasing释放，宣泄；removing移除。分析句子结构可知，此句是宾语从句，从句缺少主语；动词作主语需要用其动名词形式，结合选项，宣泄情绪会让我们更好。故选C。29.Ienjoywatchingsomeofthetelevisionprogramson________affairs.A.current B.late C.present D.modern【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我喜欢看一些时事类的电视节目。考查形容词辨析。current现在的；late最近的；present当前的；modern现代的。currentaffairs表示“时事”，固定短语。故选A。30.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybeto________forthefire.A.promise B.blame C.threaten D.accuse【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：官员们认为，火灾的责任可能不止一人。考查动词辨析。promise承诺；blame责备；threaten威胁；accuse控告。根据空后“forthefire”可知，应是可能不止一人应受责备。故选B。II.ClozePatientsanddoctorshavelongunderstoodthepoweroftellingandlisteningtopersonalnarratives.Whetheramongpatientsinpeersupportgroupsorbetweendoctorsandpatientsintheexamroomorevenbetweendoctorsduringconsultations,storiesareanessentialpartofhowwemunicate,___31___experiencesandaddnewinformationtoourlives.___32___theexistenceofstorytellinginmedicine,researchonitseffectsintheclinicalsettinghasremainedrelativelythin.Whileimportant,avastmajorityofstudieshaven’tbeenbasedon___33___,offeringupneitherdatanorstatisticsbutratherstoriesto___34___theauthors’claims.NowTheAnnalsofInternalMedicinehaspublishedtheresultsofaprovocative（煽动的）newtrialexaminingtheeffectsofstorytellingonpatientswithhighbloodpressure.Anditappearsthatatleastforonegroupofpatients,listeningtopersonalnarrativeshelpedcontrolhighbloodpressureaseffectivelyastheadditionofmore___35___.“Tellingandlisteningtostoriesisthewaywemakesenseofourlives,”saidDr.ThomasK.Houston,leadauthorofthestudy.“Thatnaturaltendencymayhavethepotentialtoalterpeople’sbehaviorandimprovehealth.”Expertsinthisemergingfieldofnarrativemunicationsaythatstorytelling___36___fightsagainsttheinitialdenialthatcanarisewhenapatientlearnsofanewdiagnosisorisaskedtochangedeeplyfixedbehaviors.Patientsmayreacttothisnewsbythinking,“Thisisnotdirectlyrelatedtome,”or“Myexperienceisdifferent.”Storieshelp___37___thatdenialbyengagingthelistener,oftenthroughsomedegreeofidentificationwiththe___38___oroneofthecharacters.“Themagicofstoriesliesintherelatednesstheypromote,”Dr.Houstonsaid.“___39___haveknownthisforalongtime,whichiswhyyouseesomanystoriesinadvertisements.”Dr.Houstoniscurrentlyinvolvedinseveralmorestudiesthatwillexaminethebroaderuseofstorytellinginpatientcare.Nonetheless,heremainscertainofonething:Sharingnarrativescanbeapowerfultoolfordoctorsandpatients.Storytellingishuman,”Dr.Houstonsaid.“Welearnthroughstories,andweusethemtomakesenseofourlives.It’sanatural_____40_____oftraditionalmedicinethatwecouldusestoriestoimproveourhealth.”31.A.enrich B.deny C.interpret D.analyze32.A.Despite B.With C.Concerning D.Through33.A.stories B.facts C.reports D.consultations34.A.doubt B.publicize C.support D.reject35.A.directions B.medications C.settings D.warnings36.A.effectively B.pletely C.extensively D.simply37.A.backup B.breakdown C.putaway D.findout38.A.performer B.doctor C.storyteller D.patient39.A.Marketers B.Storytellers C.Doctors D.Scientists40.A.application B.advance C.extension D.feature【答案】31.C32.A33.B34.C35.B36.A37.B38.C39.A40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了在医学治疗中，讲述和倾听个人故事对疾病的治愈有着不可忽视的力量。【31题详解】句意：故事是我们交流、诠释经验、为生活添加新信息的重要组成部分。enrich使丰富；deny否认；interpret解释；analyze分析。根据“municate”和“add”可知，应该是诠释经验，因此interpret符合句意。故选C。【32题详解】句意：尽管医学上存在讲故事的现象，但关于它在临床环境中的作用的研究仍然相对较少。Despite尽管；With和……一起；Concerning涉及；Through通过。根据“theexistenceofstorytellinginmedicine”和“researchonitseffectsintheclinicalsettinghasremainedrelativelythin.”可知，前后是转折关系，因此despite符合句意。故选A。【33题详解】句意：尽管重要，但绝大多数的研究都没有以事实为基础，既没有提供数据，也没有提供统计数据，而是提供故事来支持作者的主张。stories故事；facts事实；reports报告；consultations咨询。根据“offeringupneitherdatanorstatistics”可知，既没有数据也没有统计数据，因此没有以事实为基础，facts符合句意。故选B。【34题详解】句意：尽管重要，但绝大多数的研究都没有以事实为基础，既没有提供数据，也没有提供统计数据，而是提供故事来支持作者的主张。doubt怀疑；publicize宣传；support支持；reject拒绝。根据上文可知，是讲讲故事在医学中的作用，因此support符合句意。故选C。【35题详解】句意：研究表明，至少对一组患者来说，听自己的故事与服用更多药物一样有效地控制了高血压。directions方向；medications药物；settings设置；warnings警告。根据“helpedcontrolhighbloodpressure”可知，用药物控制高血压，因此medications符合句意。故选B。【36题详解】句意：这个新兴的叙事交流领域的专家们说，讲故事可以有效地对抗最初的否认。effectively有效地；pletely完全地；extensively广阔地；simply简单地。根据上文内容可知，讲故事在医学中对于治病是有一定的效果的，因此讲故事可以有效地对抗最初的否认，effectively符合句意。故选A。【37题详解】句意：故事通过吸引听者来帮助打破这种否认，通常是通过某种程度上对讲故事者或其中一个角色的认同。backup支持；breakdown打破；putaway把……收拾好；findout搞明白。根据上文“fightsagainsttheinitialdenial”可知，故事可以帮助打破这种否认，breakdown符合句意。故选B。【38题详解】句意：故事通过吸引听者来帮助打破这种否认，通常是通过某种程度上对讲故事者或其中一个角色的认同。performer表演者；doctor医生；storyteller说故事的人；patient病人。根据“Thisisnotdirectlyrelatedtome,”or“Myexperienceisdifferent.”可知，是通过对讲故事者或其中一个角色的认同，storyteller符合句意。故选C。【39题详解】句意：营销人员早就知道这一点，这就是为什么你会在广告中看到这么多故事。Marketers营销人员；Storytellers说故事的人；Doctors医生；Scientists科学家。根据“whyyouseesomanystoriesinadvertisements.”可知，市场营销人员老早就知道这点，Marketers符合句意。故选A。【40题详解】句意：这是传统医学的自然延伸，我们可以用故事来改善我们的健康。application应用；advance提前；extension延伸；feature特色。根据“Welearnthroughstories,andweusethemtomakesenseofourlives.”可知，讲故事的确是有用的，因此它是传统医学的延伸，extension符合句意。故选C。III.Reading(A)Therearedesertplantswhichsurvivethedryseasonintheformofinactiveseeds.Therearealsodesertinsectswhichsurviveasinactivelarvae(幼虫).Inaddition,difficultasitistobelieve,therearedesertfishwhichcansurvivethroughyearsofdroughtintheformofinactiveeggs.Thesearetheshrimps(虾)thatliveintheMojaveDesert,anintenselydryregioninthesouthwestoftheUnitedStatewhereshadetemperaturesofover50℃areoftenrecorded.TheeggsoftheMojaveshrimpsarethesizeandhavetheappearanceofgrainsofsand.Whensufficientspringrainfallstoformalake,onceeverytwotofiveyears,theseeggshatch.Thenthewaterissoonfilledwithmillionsoftinyshrimpsaboutamillimeterlongwhichfeedontinyplantandanimalorganismswhichalsogrowinthetemporarydesertlake.Withinaweek,theshrimpsgrowfromtheiroriginal1millimetertoalengthofabout1.5centimeters.Throughoutthetimewhentheshrimpsarerapidlymaturing,thewaterinthelakeequallyrapidlyevaporates.Therefore,fortheshrimpsitisaraceagainsttime.Bythe12thday,however,whentheyareabout3centimeterslong,hundredsoftinyeggsformontheunderbodiesofthefemales.Usuallybythistime,allthatremainsofthelakeisalarge,muddypatchofwetsoil.Onthe13thdayandthenext,duringthefinalhoursoftheirbrieflives,theshrimpslaytheireggsinthemud.Then,havingensuredthattheirspecieswillsurvive,theshrimpsdieasthelastofthewaterevaporates.Ifsufficientrainfallsthenextyeartoformanotherlake,theeggshatch,andonceagaintheshrimpspassrapidlythroughtheircycleofgrowth,adulthood,egglaying,anddeath.Someyearsthereisinsufficientraintoformalake;inthiscase,theeggswillremaindormantforanotheryear,orevenlongerifnecessary.Very,veryoccasionally,perhapstwiceinahundredyears,sufficientrainfallstoformadeeplakethatlastsamonthormore.Inthiscase,thespeciespassesthroughtwocyclesofgrowth,egglaying,anddeath.Thus,onsuchoccasions,thespeciesmultipliesconsiderably,whichfurtherensuresitssurvival.41.WhichofthefollowingisthemostdistinctivefeatureofMojaveshrimps?A.Theyliveabriefandtoughlife.B.Theyfeedonplantandanimalorganisms.C.Theireggscansurviveyearsofdrought.D.Theylaytheireggsinthemud.42.Theword“dormant”(inPara4)mostprobablymeans________.A.inactive B.strong C.alert D.soft43.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Appearanceandsizeareimportantfactorsforlifetosurviveinthedesert.B.Aspeciesmustbeabletomultiplyquicklyinordertosurviveinthedesert.C.Forsomespeciesonelifecycleinayearisenoughtosurvivethedesertdrought.D.Somespeciesdevelopauniquelifepatterntosurviveinsevereconditions.44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTafact?A.TheeggsofMojaveshrimpsareassmallasthegrainsofseeds.B.Thewholecycleofgrowthoftheshrimpsisaraceagainsttime.C.Itisdifficulttobelievethattheseshrimpscansurvivedroughtsinthedesert.D.Theamountofrainhasastrongimpactonthenumberoftheshrimps.45.Thepassagemainlydealswith________.A.thelifespanoftheMojaveshrimpsB.thesurvivalofdesertshrimpsC.thecreatureslivingintheMojavedesertD.theimportanceofwatertolifeinthedesert【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.A45.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了干旱的沙漠里的一些动植物的生存方式，尤其讲述了莫哈维沙漠虾的生存繁衍方式。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“Inaddition,difficultasitistobelieve,therearedesertfishwhichcansurvivethroughyearsofdroughtintheform...recorded.”可知，莫哈维沙漠虾能够以非活性卵的形式在多年的干旱中生存下来。故选C。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Ifsufficientrainfallsthenextyeartoformanotherlake,theeggshatch,andonceagaintheshrimpspassrapidlythroughtheircycleofgrowth,adulthood,egglaying,anddeath.”可知，雨水足够多的情况下，卵就会孵化，小虾再一次快速地经历它们的生长、成年、产卵和死亡周期；反之，如果雨水不足够的话，这些卵就会进入休眠期，也就是说这些卵变得不活跃。故选A。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据“Therearedesertplantswhichsurvivethedryseasonintheformofinactiveseeds.”和“Thus,onsuchoccasions,thespeciesmultipliesconsiderably,whichfurtherensuresitssurvival.”可知，一些物种发展出一种独特的生活方式来在恶劣的环境中生存。故选D。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheeggsoftheMojaveshrimpsarethesizeandhavetheappearanceofgrainsofsand.”可知，莫哈维沙漠虾的卵大小和沙粒一样，而并非是种子粒。故选A。【45题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了干旱的沙漠里的一些动植物的生存方式，尤其讲述了莫哈维沙漠虾的生存繁衍方式。故选B。（B）Thetouristtradeisbooming.Withallthisingandgoing,you’dexpectgreaterunderstandingtodevelopbetweenthenationsoftheworld.Notabitofit!Superbsystemsofmunicationbyair,seaandlandmakeitpossibleforustovisiteachother’scountriesatamoderatecost.Whatwasoncethe“grandtour’’,reservedforonlytheveryrich,isnowwithineverybody’sgrasp.Thepackagetourandcharteredflightsarenottobesneeredat.Moderntravelersenjoyaleveloffortwhichthelordsandladiesongrandtoursintheolddayscouldn’thavedreamedof.Butwhat’sthesenseofthismassexchangeofpopulationsifthenationsoftheworldremainbasicallyignorantofeachother?Manytouristorganizationsaredirectlyresponsibleforthisstateofaffairs.Theydeliberatelysetouttoprotecttheirclientsfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.Themoderntouristleadsacosseted,shelteredlife.Helivesatinternationalhotelswhereheeatshisinternationalfoodandsipshisinternationaldrinkwhilehegazesatthenativesfromadistance.Conductedtourstoplacesofinterestarecarefullycensored.Thetouristisallowedtoseeonlywhattheorganizerswanthimtoseeandnomore.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossibleforthetouristtowanderoffonhisown;andanyway,languageisalwaysabarrier,soheisonlytoohappytobeprotectedinthisway.Thesadthingaboutthissituationisthatitleadstothepersistenceofnationalstereotypes.Wedon’tseethepeopleofothernationsastheyreallyare,butaswehavebeenbroughtuptobelievetheyare.Youcantestthisforyourself.Takefivenationalities,say,French,German,English,AmericanandItalian.Nowinyourmind,matchthemwiththesefiveadjectives:musical,amorous,cold,pedantic,native.Farfromprovidinguswithanyinsightintothenationalcharacteristicsofthepeoplesjustmentioned,theseadjectivesactuallyactasbarriers.Sowhenyousetoutonyourtravels,theonlycharacteristicsyounoticearethosewhichconfirmyourpreconceptions.Youeawaywiththehighlyunoriginalandinaccurateimpressionthat,say,“AngloSaxonsarehypocrites’’ofthat“Latinpeoplesshoutalot’’.Youonlyhavetomakeafewforeignfriendstounderstandhowabsurdandharmfulnationalstereotypesare.Buthowcanyoumakeforeignfriendswhenthetouristtradedoesitsbesttopreventyou?Carriedtoanextreme,stereotypescanbepositivelydangerous.Wildgeneralizationsstirupracialhatredandblindustothebasicfact—howtriteitsounds!Thatallpeoplearehuman.Weareallsimilartoeachotherandatthesametimeallunique.46.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Tourismcontributesnothingtoincreasingunderstandingbetweennations.B.Thestereotypesofpeopleleadtoracism.C.Conductedtourisdull.DTourismhasdevelopedatafastpace.47.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtourism?A.Neutral B.Negative C.Critical D.appreciative48.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence?A.Moderntouristsareluckybecauseofthoseefficientmeansoftransportation.B.Moderntouristsare“protected”toomuch.C.Moderntouristsgettoknowforeigncountriesbetter.D.Moderntouristsstayindoorstoomuch.49.Thepurposeofthewriteristo________.A.informusofthepossiblewaystotravelB.persuadeustochangethewayoftravellingC.entertainuswithsometraveladventuresD.suggestanalternativeofenhancingtheunderstandingbetweennations50.Whatis“grandtour”now?A.Itisstillveryexpensive.B.It’sstilltiringandunfortable.C.Packagetourmadeitlessattractive.D.Everybodycanenjoythe“grandtour”.【答案】46.A47.C48.B49.B50.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了现代交通方式越来越便捷，人们比过去有更多的机会出去旅游，这本应会促进不同文化的交流，但事实并非如此。【46题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Withallthisingandgoing,you’dexpectgreaterunderstandingtodevelopbetweenthenationsoftheworld.Notabitofit!”可知，你会期望世界各国之间能发展出更多的理解，然而一点也不，因此旅游对增进国与国之间的了解毫无帮助。故选A。【47题详解】观点态度题。根据“Butwhat’sthesenseofthismassexchangeofpopulationsifthenationsoftheworldremainbasicallyignorantofeachother?”以及“Carriedtoanextreme,stereotypescanbepositivelydangerous.”可知，作者对现代旅游的方式持批判态度。故选C。【48题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Theydeliberatelysetouttoprotecttheirclientsfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.”以及“Thetouristisallowedtoseeonlywhattheorganizerswanthimtoseeandnomore.”可知，他们有意保护他们的客户不与当地居民过多接触，而且游客只能看组织者想让他看的东西，因此现代游客被“保护”得太多了。故选B。【49题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者主要论述了当前的旅游模式不能使游客真正地了解异地风情，因此作者意在告诉读者应当改变当前的旅游模式。故选B。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whatwasoncethe“grandtour’’,reservedforonlytheveryrich,isnowwithineverybody’sgrasp.”可知，曾经只有富人才能享受的“盛大旅行”，如今每个人已触手可及。故选D。（C）Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptothemanufacturer’sclaims,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty,oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduceresults.However,ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction.Asimpleandmonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistoplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the“highup”hisorherplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacase,itisusuallysettledintheconsumer’sfavor,assumingheorshehasajustclaim.Consumersshouldplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycan’tgettotheplaceofpurchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritetheplaintinaletter.plainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestion.Ifthiscan’tbedone,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,“Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundingoutoftherightoneisunclear"isbetterthan"Thisstereodoesnotwork.”Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumershoulddothis,statingtheplaintaspolitelyandfirmlyaspossible.Ifapoliteplaintdoesnotachievethedesiredresult,theconsumercangotoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumers’rights.51.Whenaconsumerfindsthathisorheritemhasfaultinit,thefirstthingheorsheshoulddoisto________.A.plainpersonallytothemanagerB.threatentotakethemattertocourtC.writeafirmletterofplainttothestoreofpurchaseD.showsomewrittenproofofthepurchasetothestore52.Howcanaconsumermakehisorherplaintmoreeffective,accordingtothepassage?A.Explainexactlywhatiswrongwiththeitem.B.Threatentotakethesellertocourt.C.Makepoliteandgeneralstatementsabouttheproblem.D.Avoidhavingdirectcontactwiththestoremanager.53.Accordingtothepassag