职称英语卫生类b级模拟1

职称英语卫生类B级模拟1

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面

所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>Almostalleconomistsagreethatnationsgainbytradingwithoneanother.

A.workB.profit

C.relyD.prove

2、Theconferenceexploredthepossibilityofclosertradelinks.

A.deniedB.investigated

C.stressedD.created

3、Thechemicalisdeadlytoratsbutsafetocattle.

A.fatalB.hatefulC.goodD.useful

4、Duringhislifetimehewasabletoaccumulatequiteafortune.

A.controlB.spend

C.collectD,exchange

5、It*simpolitetocuticwhentwopersonsareholdingaconversation.

A.leaveB.talkloudly

C.standupD.interrupt

6、Iwonderwhatyouraiminlifeis.

A.symbolB,goal

C.actionD.attitude

7、Ihavenoalternativebuttoreporthimtothelocalpolice.

A.opinionB.means

C.choiceD.selection

8、Theindecisivemanwasreadilypersuadedtochangehismindagain.

A.easilyB.hardly

C.subtlyD.suddenly

9、Itisuselesstoarguewithhimoncehehasmadeuphismind.

A.settledB.solved

C.saidD.decided

10>Thefatherwasunwillingtogivehissonthekeystohiscar.

A.reluctantB.eager

C.pleasedD,angry-

11>Weconsumealotmorethanweareabletoproduce.

A.wasteB,buy

C.useD.sell

12、Asawriter,heturnedoutthreenove1sthatyear.

A.refusedB.read

C.producedD.accepted

13、WinstonChurchillgaveamovingspeech,

A.nervousB.foolish

C.stirringD.fast

14、Wetriedtorestrictourconversationtoargumentsrelevanttothetopic.

A.putB.suit

C.confineD.resort

15>Itdoesn11standtoreasonthathewouldlie.

A.seemlogicalB.lookpleasant

C.appearobviousD・soundimportant

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

SpareaKidney?

Itisnolongerunusualforaspouseorrelativetodonateakidneyto

alovedone,butthenumberofAmericanswhohavegivenakidneytoafriend,

aco-workerorevenacompletestrangerhasrisensharplyfrom68in1994

to176in1998.

1

Therearemanyreasons.Firstzitspossibletoliveanormallifewith

onlyonekidney.(Theremainingkidneyenlargestomakeupmostofthedifference.)

inadditionakidneyfromalivedonorlastslongerthanakidneytakenfrom

someonewhohasdiedsuddenly.Butthebiggestchangeinthepastfewyears

isthattransplantsurgeonshavestartedusinglaparoscopictechniquesto

removethedonorkidneythroughamuchsmallerincision,andthiscancut

recoverytimeforthedonorfromsixweekstofourweeks.

Justbecauseyoucandosomething,however,itdoesn1tmeanyoushould.

Donatingakidneymeansundergoinganoperationthatcarriessomerisk.You

couldarguethatyoumaybehelpingtosavealifezbutyoucertainlycan*t

pretendthatyou*rebetteroffwithonekidneyinsteadoftwo.

So,whataretherisks?"Aswithanymajoroperation,thereisachance

ofdying,ofreoperationduetobleeding,ofinfection,ofveinclotsinthe

legsoraherniaattheincision,nsaysDr.ArthurMatas,directorofthe

renal-transplantprogramattheUniversityofMinnesotaMedicalCenterin

Minneapolis.Evenlaparoscopy,arelativelynewtechniqueforkidneydonation,

isnotrisk-free.Doctorsestimatethatchancesofdyingfromtheprocedure

areabout3in10,000.

There*snomoneytobemade；sellinganorganisillegal.Buttherecipient's

insurancenormallycoversyouroperationandimmediateaftercare.Yourcosts

canincludehotelbills,lostpayduringrecoveryorpossiblefuturedisability.

Althoughtransplantcentersmustevaluateanypotentialdonor1ssuitability,

itneverhurtstohaveanindependentopinion.Themostcommoncontraindications

areheartdiseasezdiabetesandhighbloodpressure.

Neverletanyoneznotevenacloserelative,pressureyouintogivingup

anorgan--nomatterifyou1rehealthy."There1softenthefeelingthatyou're

notagoodfriend,father,motherifyoudon11dothis,HsaysArthurCaplan,

directoroftheUniversityofPennsylvania*sCenterforBioethics.Some

transplantcenterswillinventa"medicalproblem"onbehalfofthosewho

arereluctanttodonatebutfeeltheycan*tsayno.

16、From1994to1998thenumberofAmericanswhohaddonatedakidneyreached

244.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

17、Oneofthereasonswhythenumberofkidneydonorshasrisenisthatone

isbetteroffwithonekidneyinsteadoftwo.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

18、Youdon11havetobedeadtodonateakidney,butyouhadbetterknowthe

risksbeforeyougiveitup.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

19>NoneoftheAmericanswhodonatedakidneyduringtheperiodlastingfrom

1994to1998diedfromtheprocedure.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

20、NoonesellsorgansintheU.S.sinceitisillegal.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

21、Peoplewithheartdisease,diabetesandhighbloodpressurearenotsuitable

forkidneydonation.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

22、SometransplantcentersinventHmedicalproblemsntocheatpotentialkidney

donors.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中

为第2〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题：（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4

个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

LocalNewspapersinBritain

1.Britainhasalargecirculation（发行量）ofthenationalnewspapers.The

DailyMirrorandTheDailyExpressbothsellabout4millioncopieseachday.

Onaverage,everyfamilywillbuyonenewspaperinthemorning,andtaketwo

orthreeonSundays.

2.LocalnewspapersarejustaspopularasthenationalonesinBritain.Local

papershaveaweeklycirculationof13million.Nearlyeverytownandcountry

areahasitsownpaper,andalmosteverylocalpaperisfinanciallyholding

itsown,Manylocalnewspapersareearninggoodprofits.

3.Localnewspapershavetheirspecialcharacteristics.Theymainlysatisfy

interestinlocalevents-birthszweddings,deaths,councilmeetings,andsports

Editorsoftenrelyonasmallstaffofpeoplewhoknowthedistrictwell.

Clubsandchurchesintheneighborhoodregularlysupplythesepaperswith

muchlocalnews.Localnewsdoesnotgetoutofdateasquicklyasnational

news.ifthereisnoroomforitinthisweek*sedition,anewsitemcanbe

heldeveruntilthefallowingweek.

4.Theeditorofalocalnewspaperneverforgetsthatthesuccessofanynewspaper

dependsonadvertising.Forthisreason,heiskeentokeepthegoodwill

oflocalbusinessmen.Ifthenewspapersellswellwithcarefullychosennews

itemstoattractlocalreaders,thebusinessmenwillbegratefultothepaper

fortheopportunityofkeepingtheirproductsinthepubliceye.

5.Localnewspapersseldomcommentonproblemsofnationalimportancezand

editorsrarelytakesidesonpoliticalquestions.Buttheycanoftenprovide

servicetothecommunityinexpressingpublicfeelingonlocalissues.A

newspapercansometimespersuadethecounciltotakeactiontoimprovetransport,

providebettershoppingfacilitieszandpreservelocalmonumentsandplaces

ofinterest.

AKeepingGoodRelationswithLocalBusinessmen

BServiceProvidedbyLocalNewspapers

CLargeCirculationoftheNationalNewspapers

DSpecialFeaturesofLocalNewspapers

EPowerofLocalNewspapers

FPopularityofLocalNewspapers

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

27>Aalotofmoney

Blocalpeople

Cmorning

Dlocalpeople

Enationalissues

Flocalissues

Britishpeoplehavethehabitofreadingnewspapersinthe.................

28>ManylocalnewspapersinBritainaremaking.................

29、Localnewspapersarewellreceivedbecausetheycarryarticlesthat

please.................

30、Localnewspapersrarelygiveopinionson

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根

据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答。

第一篇

TheDiscoveryofGenes

Perhapsyoumayhavewonderedwhyyoulooklikeyourfatherormother,

whileyoursisterlookslikeanauntorevenoneofyourgrandparents.The

wayyoulook,talkandmoveandhowtallyouwillgrowdependmostlyupon

theverysmallparticlescalledgenes,whicharefoundinthecellsofyour

body.Yougetthesegenesfromyourparents.Eachtimetheyreproduce（生

育）theypassalongasetofgenes.Buteachnewsetmaybealittledifferent

fromtheprevioussets.Sowhenparentshaveanumberofchildren,theywill

findthateachchildlookssomewhatlikethemselvesbutwithindividualfeatures

too.

Inthepastnobodyreallyunderstoodwhymembersofthesamefamilyresembled

eachother.Allthroughtheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesmanyscientists

triedtofindouthowthefeaturesoflivingthingswerepassedontothe

nextgeneration.Theninthe1860sonemansucceededinfindingouttheanswer.

HewasGregorMendalzanAustrianwhowasveryinterestedingrowingplants.

Heexperimentedwithpea（豌豆）plants.Hefoundthattherewassomething

intheparentplantthatgavetheoffspring（后代）certainfeatureszsuchas

tallnessorshortness.ThisHsomething"isnowcalledgenes.Healsodiscovered

thatofallthefeaturesofaplantwhichwerepassedontoanothergeneration,

somewerestrongerthanothers.Insuchacasethestrongerfeatureswould

bedominantinthenewplants.Heprovedthisbycrossingapurple-flowered

plantwithawhite-floweredplant--thefirstnewgenerationallhadpurple

flowers.Butwhenseedsfromthenewpurple-floweredplantsgrewup,oneplant

ofthisgenerationwaswhite.Soalthoughthewhitefeaturesdidnotshow

intheplantsofthefirstgeneration,ithadbeenthereallthetime.

Mendalpublishedhisfindingsin1866zbutitwasonlyin1900thatthe

importanceofhisworkwasrecognized.Scientistsrealizedthathistheories

onheredity（遗传）couldalsobeappliedtoallformsoflife,includinghumans.

31、Thewayonelooksztalksandmovesdepends

A.completelyonhisowngenes.

B.largelyonhisparents*genes.

C.mostlyonhisbrothers*genes.

D.mainlyonhissisters*genes.

32、Brothersandsistersoftenlookabitdifferentfromeachotherbecause

A.theyhavesomewhatdifferentgenes.

B.theirfather*sgenesaredifferentfromtheirmother*s.

C.theirparentswantthemtohaveindividualfeatures.

D.theywerebornindifferentplaces.

33、Whatcanbeconcludedfromthesecondandthirdparagraphs?

A.Anumberofscientistsfoundgenesinthe18thand19thcenturies.

B.Scientificdiscoveriesweremadeoneafteranotherinthe18thand19th

centuries.

C.Manyscientistssucceededinfindingouthowthefeaturesofliving

thingswerepassedontothenextgenerationinthe18thand19thcenturies.

D.Ittookalongtimeforscientiststofindoutwhymembersofthesame

familylooklikeeachother.

34、Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis

A.theformationofagene.

B.thecharacteristicfeaturesofplants.

C.Mendal*simportantfindings.

D.Mendal'shardwork.

35、Medal1stheoriesonheredity

A.areonlyapplicabletopeaplants.

B.areonlyapplicabletoanimals.

C.areapplicabletoallformsoflife.

D.areonlyapplicabletohumansz

弟一^扁

LifetimeEmploymentinJapaneseCompanies

InmostlargeJapanesecompanies,thereisapolicyoflifetimeemployment.

Whatthismeansisthatwhenpeopleleaveschooloruniversitytojoinan

enterprise,theycanexpecttoremainwiththatorganizationuntiltheyretire.

Ineffect,theemployeegetsjobsecurityforlife,andcanonlybefired

forseriousmistakesinwork.Evenintimesofbusinessrecession,heorshe

isfreefromthefearofbeinglaidoff.

OneresultofthispracticeisthattheJapaneseworkeridentifiesclosely

withhiscompanyandfeelsstrongloyaltytoit.Byworkinghardforthecompany,

hebelievesheissafeguardinghisownfuture.Itisnetsurprisingthatdevotion

toone1scompanyisconsideredagreatvirtueinJapan.Amanisoftenprepared

toputhisfirm*sinterestsbeforethoseofhisimmediatefamily.

Thejobsecurityguaranteedbythissysteminfluencesthewayemployees

approachtheirwork.Theytendtothinkintermsofwhattheycanachieve

throughouttheircareer.Thisisbecausetheyarenotjudgedonhowtheyare

performingduringashortperiodoftime.Theycanaffordtotakealonger

perspectivethantheirWesterncounterparts.

Thismarriagebetweentheemployeeandthecompany-theconsequenceof

lifetimeemployment-mayexplainwhyJapaneseworkersseempositivelyto

lovetheproductstheircompanyisproducingandwhytheyarewillingtostay

onafterwork,forlittleovertimepay,toparticipateinearnestdiscussions

aboutthequalitycontroloftheirproducts.

36、LifetimeemploymentintheJapanesecompanymeansthattheemployee

A.leaveshiscompanyonlywhenbusinessisbad.

B.getsajobsoonafterheleavesschooloruniversity.

C.canworktherethroughouthiscareer.

D.canhavehisseriousmistakesinworkcorrected.

37、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.Familyandcompanyinterestsareequallyimportant.

B.TheJapaneseworkerisveryloyaltohiscompany.

C.One1sfutureisguaranteedthroughhardwork.

D.Devotiontoone*scompanyisencouraged.

38、Lifetimeemploymentinfluencesone*s

A.achievementsatwork.

B.performanceatwork.

C.careeroptions.

D.attitudetowardwork.

39、TheJapaneseworkerisfondofhiscompany*sproductsbecauseof

A.hismarriagewiththedaughterofthepresident.

B.thecloselinkbetweenhimandhiscompany.

C.hiswillingnesstoworkovertime.

D.hisactiveparticipationinqualitycontrol

40、Thepassagemainlydiscusses

A.howlifetimeemploymentworksinJapan.

B.whatbenefitslifetimeemploymenthasbroughttoJapaneseworkers.

C.whatlifetimeemploymentis.

D.howlifetimeemploymentisviewed.

第—二笆

AreYouaManoraMouse?

Areyouamanoramouse?Whenpeopleaskthisquestiontheywanttoknow

ifyouthinkyouareabravepersonoracoward（懦夫）.Butyouwillnever

reallyknowtheanswertothatquestionuntilyouaretestedinreallife.

Somepeoplethinktheyarebrave,butwhentheycomefacetofacewithreal

danger,theyactlikecowards.Otherpeopledon'tthinkofthemselvesasbrave,

butwhentheymeetdanger,theyactlikeheroes.

LennyBrownhadalwaysthoughtofhimselfasanervousperson.Hegotworried

beforeexaminations.Heworriedabouthisjobandhishealth.Allhewanted

inlifewastobesafeandhealthy.

On15January1982zaplanecrashedintothePotomacRiverinWashington.

Lennywenttotherivertoseewhatwashappening.Thenhesawawomanin

theice-coldwater.SuddenlyLennydidnotfeelafraid.Hekeptverycalm

anddidaverybravething.Hejumpedintotheriver,swamtothewoman,and

keptherheadabovethewater.Seventy-eightpeoplediedthatday.Thanks

toLennyBrown,itwasnotseventy-nine.

Whenyouareinaverydangeroussituationandfeelafraid,thebody

automaticallyproducesachemicalintheblood.Thischemicaliscalled

adrenalin（肾上腺素）.Withadrenalininthebloodsystem,youactuallyfeel

strongerandarereadytofightorrunaway.However,whenyouareabsolutely

scared,thebodycanproducetoomuchadrenalin.Whenthishappens,themuscles

（肌肉）becomeveryhardandyoufindthatyoucannotmoveatall：youarefilled

withfear.Thatiswhy,whenweareveryfrightened,wesometimessaythat

weare"likeastone".

41>Thequestion"Areyouamanoramouse?Hreallymeanstoaskwhetheryou

believe

A.youareatallpersonorashortone.

B.youareabravepersonoracoward.

C.youareahumanbeingorananimal.

D.youenjoyreallifeornot.

42、AccordingtoParagraph1zyoucouldonlytellwhetheryouarereallybrave

by

A.takinganexamination.

B.actinglikeamouse.

C.beingtestedinreallife.

D.jumpingintoariver.

43、ThewritergivestheexampleofLennyBrowntoshowthat

A.itisdangeroustoseeaplanecrashintoariver.

B.womenareafraidofbeingdrownedinice-coldwater.

C.amanmayfindhowbraveheactuallyiswhenfacedwithdanger.

D.Lennywasbravetosaveseventy-ninelives.

44、Accordingtothepassage,theadrenalinlevelinyourbloodriseswhen

A.youfacedanger.

B.youfeeltired.

C.youarecalm.

D.youarehungry.

45、Thelastparagraphtellsusthatwhenyouareabsolutelyscared,

A.youwillworkhard.

B.youmaydieandbecomeastone.

C.youcannotmoveatall.

D.youmaywanttofindastone.

第5部分：补全对话

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择

5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

HowtoDoWellinExams

Donotunderestimatethepowerofrevisioninthedaysandhoursbefore

anexamination.Thecloseryouaretotheexam,themorechanceyouhaveof

storingandretainingcrucialinformation.Butdonotoverdoit46.An

effectivedailyroutinecanhelpyouthroughanexamperiod,sointhedays

leadinguptoyourfirstexam,getintothehabitofbeingupandreadyto

workbygame.Itcanbeashocktothesystemaftermonthsofworkingtoyour

owntimetabletobementallyalertatthattimeifyouhavenotpreparedfor

it.

Onthedayoftheexam,haveagoodbreakfastzpacktwoofeverythingyou

need(pens,pencils,erasers,etc.),thenmakeyourwaytotheexamination

hallingoodtime47.

Onceinyourseat,simplypauseforafewsecondsandcollectyourthoughts.

Closeyoureyesandtakeinafewslow,deepbreathstohelpyourelax.When

youturnoverthetestpaper,spendashortperiodreadingthroughallthe

instructionsandquestionszpayingparticularattentiontokeyverbssuch

11nn

as"discusszcompareand"evaluate".48.Itiswisealwaystoallowfor

10minutesattheendoftheexamtogiveyourselftimetogobackoveryour

answers.Onceyouhaveselectedthequestionsyouwishtotackle,beginby

attemptingtheoneyouthinkisyourstrongest.Itwillgiveyoumoreconfidence

whenyouseeawe11-answeredquestiondownonpaper.Alsoremembertowrite

clearly,anddonotbeafraidtoexpresstheunexpected：afterall,examiners

cangetveryboredmarkingstereotypicalanswers.

49.Ifyoudoneedsomethingelsetofocusontohelpcollectyourthoughts,

chooseafixtureintheroom,suchastheceiling-oranythingelsethat

willnotallowyoutobedistracted.

Finally,onceyouhavefinished,neverhangaroundoutsideafterwardsto

attendthediscussionbyotherstudents50.

ADonotarrivetooearly,though,asotherpeople*sanxietycanbecontagious,

andyoumaysufferfromunduepanic.

BTrynottobetemptedtolookatthosearoundyou,orattheclock.

CWhenyougethome,readtheexaminationpaperthroughandlookupallthe

wordsyoudidn*tunderstand.

DSleep