江苏专转本（英语）模拟试卷6（共546题）

江苏专转本（英语）模拟试卷6（共6套）（共546题）江苏专转本（英语）模拟试卷第1套一、词汇语法(本题共40题，每题1.0分，共40分。)1、Bytheendoftheyearallbuttwopeople______.A、haveleftB、willleaveC、willbeleavingD、willhaveleft标准答案：D知识点解析：句意：“到今年年底，除去两个人以外其他人都离开。”题中Bytheendoftheyear是表示将来时间的状语，且由by引导的许多时间状语通常要求谓语动词使用完成时态。题中谓语部分应该使用将来完成时。2、Hecamebacklate,______whichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft.A、afterB、byC、atD、during标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“到他回来时，所有的客人都已经走了”。本题考查介词搭配。by与表示时间的名词搭配时表示“到某时为止”，at多指具体时间等。3、Thetomatojuiceleftbrown______onthefrontofmyjacket.A、spotB、pointC、trackD、trace标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“番茄汁在我夹克衫前面留下棕色的污渍”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为污点、斑点，B项意为点、尖端，C项意为踪迹、足迹，D项意为踪迹、行踪。4、Idon’tthinkitadvisablethatTom______tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A、isassignedB、willbeassignedC、beassignedD、hasbeenassigned标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“汤姆缺乏经验，我认为派他去做这项工作不合适。”本题考查虚拟语气。句中advisable要求that从句应该使用should+v，should可以省略。5、WilliamPenn,thefounderofPennsylvania,______defendedtherightofeverycitizentofreedomofchoiceinreligion.A、peculiarlyB、indifferentlyC、vigorouslyD、inevitably标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“宾夕法尼亚州的创建者WilliamPenn坚决保护每位公民自由选择宗教信仰的权利”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为特有的，B项意为无关紧要的，C项意为强健的，D项意为必然的。6、Everymaninthiscountryhastherighttolivewherehewantsto______thecolorofhisskin.A、withtheexceptionofB、inthelightofC、byvirtueofD、regardlessof标准答案：D知识点解析：句意：“这个国家的每个人不管什么肤色都有权利住在他想住的地方。”本题考查词义辨析。A项意为除了……之外，B项意为鉴于、由于，C项意为借助、由于，D项意为不管、不顾。7、Theconference______afullweekbythetimeitends.A、musthavelastedB、willhavelastedC、wouldlastD、haslasted标准答案：D知识点解析：句意：“到结束时候为止，会议整整持续了一周”。本题考查时态。句子的状语为bythetimeitends，说明谓语所表示的动作要延续到将来某一时刻为止。因此要用将来完成时。8、Theroomisinaterriblemess;it______cleaned.A、can’thavebeenB、mustn’thavebeenC、shouldn’thavebeenD、wouldn’thavebeen标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“房间乱极了，一定没有打扫过”。本题考查情态动词的用法。根据旬意此句表示对过去情况的推断，所以A项正确。因为它是对过去情况作出推断应使用的musthavedone的否定形式。9、Cancerissecondonly______heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.A、ofB、toC、withD、from标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“癌症是仅次于心脏病的致命性疾病”。本题考查固定搭配。Besecondtosomething／somebody意为：次于……的。10、Whenshewascriticized,sheclaimedthatitwasoutsideher______ofresponsibility.A、fieldB、limitC、extentD、range标准答案：D知识点解析：句意：“当她受到批评时，她声称这不是他责任范围内的事情。”本题考查词义辨析。A项意为领域，B项意为限制，C项意为程度，D项意为范围。从句意上看，空格处应与后面的ofresponsibility构成“责任范围”之意。因此D为正确答案。11、Wehavebeentoldthatundernocircumstances______thetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.A、mayweuseB、wemayuseC、wecoulduseD、didweuse标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“我们被告知在任何时候都不能使用办公室的电话谈私事。”本题考查倒装语序。含有no的介词短语置于旬首时，主谓倒装。12、Thelittlemanwas______onemetrefiftyhigh.A、almostmorethanB、hardlymorethanC、nearlymorethanD、asmuchas标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“这个小个子男人的身高不超过1米5”。本题考查more…than的用法。根据句意分析，此句讲的是一个小个子身材的矮小。空白部分应该从否定角度讲这个人不足1．5米。13、Therocksareverybigwith______ofcolorsonthem.A、bandsB、marksC、railsD、shapes标准答案：A知识点解析：单词辨析题。band(颜色与其余部分不同的)条纹。mark痕迹，斑点，记号，标记。本题是讲岩石上色彩不同的“条纹”，故用bands。rail(轨道)，shape(形状)，均不符合题意。14、Asuccessfulscientistneeds______ifhewantstomakehypothesis(假设)ofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.A、permissionB、penetrationC、imaginationD、convention标准答案：C知识点解析：单词辨析题。imagination想象力；penetration穿透；permission允许；convention惯例，常规。根据句子的意思选择答案C。句子的意思是：一位成功的科学家如果想假设过程的发生和事件的发生，那么他需要有想象力。15、We______tostartourownbusiness,butweneverhadenoughmoney.A、havehopedB、hopeC、hadhopedD、shouldhope标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“我们本来希望开办自己的企业，但是我们的钱不够”。Hope、except、suppose、want这一类的动词用于过去完成时表示过去的希望、期待、意图等没有实现。16、Wedon’tneedairconditioning,______.A、norcanweafforditB、andnorwecanafforditC、neithercanafforditD、andwecanneitheraffordit标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“我们不需要空调，我们也买不起。”本题考查倒装语序。neither，nor开始的句子表示也不时，句子要倒装。只有A项符合主语与情态动词倒装。17、Mike’suncleinsists______inthishotel.A、stayingnotB、nottostayC、thathewouldnotstayD、thathenotstay标准答案：D知识点解析：句意“麦克的叔叔坚决不让他呆在旅馆”。本题考查虚拟语气。Insist做“坚持”讲的时候，后面宾语从句谓语部分应使用should+v，should通常省略。18、Thestorehadto______anumberofclerksbecausesalesweredown.A、layoutB、layoffC、layasideD、laydown标准答案：B知识点解析：根据句意“因为销售额下降，商店不得不裁员”。本题考查词组辨析。A项意为布置、展开，B项意为解雇，C项意为把某事物搁置一边，D项意为规定、制定。19、ThatwassoseriousamatterthatIhadnochoicebut______thepolice.A、calledinB、callinginC、callinD、tocallin标准答案：D知识点解析：句意：“那件事事关重大，我除了请警察别无选择”。本题考查固定搭配。havenochoicebut后必须接带to的不定式，意为：只能……别无选择。20、Inasudden______ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.A、attackB、burstC、splitD、blast标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“一气之下，男人把能够得着的东西全部撕毁了”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为袭击，B项意为进发，C项意为分裂，D项意为爆炸。21、______rightnow,shewouldgetthereonSunday.A、WouldsheleaveB、IfsheleavesC、WereshetoleaveD、Ifshehadleft标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“如果她马上出发，有可能在周日达到”。本题考查虚拟语气。句意表示与现在事实相反。主句谓语用would+v，从句谓语部分应为were+v／should+v。省略if时，应使用倒装结构。22、I’llacceptanyjob______Idon’thavetogetupearly.A、lestB、aslongasC、incaseD、though标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“只要无需起早，我愿意接受任何工作”。本题考查状语从旬。A项引导目的状语从句，B项引导条件状语从句，C项意为免得，D项意为尽管，引导让步状语从句。23、InBritainpeopledrive______theleft.A、atB、onC、toD、in标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“在英国，人们靠左侧行驶”。本题考查介词用法。B项与theleft搭配意为在左边。24、Everyonehadanapplicationfrominhishand,butnooneknewwhichofficeroom______.A、tosendittoB、tosenditC、tobesenttoD、tohaveitsent标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“每个人手中有一份表格，但是没有人知道应该送到哪一间办公室去。”本题考查to的用法。根据上下文，后半句的意思为但是没有人知道应该送到哪一间办公室去。句中所给的whichofficeroom只是一个名词词组，因此需要一个介词to与之构成的介词结构来表示发送表格的地点状语。To必不可少。25、Whenpeoplebecomeunemployed,itis______whichisoftenworsethanlackofwages.A、lazinessB、povertyC、idlenessD、inability标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“失业时，无所事事比手头上没钱更糟糕”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为懒惰，B项意为贫穷，C项意为无所事事，D项意为无能。26、Thespeech______alivelydiscussionstarted.A、beingdeliveredB、wasdeliveredC、bedeliveredD、havingbeendelivered标准答案：D知识点解析：句意：“演讲过后，热烈的讨论开始了”。本题考查独立主格。Thespeech和alivelydiscussion说的不是同一件事，因此需要独立主格结构做时间状语，且应该使用分词的完成形式。27、Thedestructionofthesetreasureswasalossformankindthatnoamountofmoneycould______.A、standuptoB、makeupforC、comeupwithD、putupwith标准答案：B知识点解析：根据句意：“这些珍宝的损坏对人类来说是金钱难以弥补的损失”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为勇敢面对，B项意为补偿，C项意为提出，D项意为容忍。28、Wegaveoutacheerwhentheredroofofthecottagecame______view.A、fromB、inC、beforeD、into标准答案：D知识点解析：句意：“当小屋的红色屋顶进人到我们的视线，大家都欢呼起来”。本题考查固定搭配。comeintoview意为：进入视线，看得见。29、Someoldpeopledon’tlikepopsongsbecausetheycan’t______somuchnoise.A、resistB、sustainC、tolerateD、undergo标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“有些老年人不喜欢流行歌曲，因为他们忍受不了那么多噪音”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为抗拒，B项意保持，C项意为容忍，D项意为经受。30、Wewelcomerain,buta(an)______largeamountofrainfallwillcausefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD、constantly标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“我们喜欢雨，但是雨量过大就会引发洪水。”本题考查词义辨析。A项意为广泛的，B项意为极端的，C项意为专门的、格外地，D项意为不断地。31、Pleasebecarefulwhenyouaredrinkingcoffeeincaseyou______thenewcarpet.A、crashB、polluteC、spotD、stain标准答案：D知识点解析：句意“喝咖啡时请小心别弄脏新地毯”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为坠落，B项意为污染，C项意为有污点，D项意为玷污、弄脏。32、Ittookhimseveralmonthsto______thewildhorse.A、tendB、cultivateC、breedD、tame标准答案：D知识点解析：根据句意“他花了几个月驯服这匹野马。”本题考查词义辨析。A项意为照管，B项意为培养，C项意为繁殖，D项意为驯服。33、Iwouldappreciate______itasecret.A、yourkeepingB、youtokeepC、thatyoukeepD、thatyouwillkeep标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“你能对此保守秘密，我将十分感激”。本题考查固定搭配。appreciate后面须接动名词作宾语。34、Ihavenoobjection______theeveningwiththem.A、tospendB、tospendingC、ofspendingD、spending标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“我不反对和他共度这个夜晚”本题考查固定搭配。Haveno(an)objectiontosth．ordoingsth．。35、Couldyoufindsomeone______?A、formetoplaytenniswithB、formetoplaytennisC、playtenniswithD、playingtenniswith标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“你能找个人陪我打网球吗”。本题考查固定搭配。toplaytenniswithsb．意为与某人打网球。36、Wouldn’tyouratheryourchild______tobedearly?A、goB、wentC、wouldgoD、goes标准答案：B知识点解析：句意：“难道你不愿意你的小孩早点上床睡觉?”本题考查虚拟语气。Wouldrather后若接从句，从句中动词使用过去时，表示一种心愿。37、IfIhadremembered______thewindow,thethiefwouldnothavegotin.A、tocloseB、closingC、tohaveclosedD、havingclosed标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“如果我记得关窗子的话，小偷就进不来了”。本题考查remember的搭配用法。remembertodosth．意为记住做某事(但还未做)，rememberdoingsth．记得做了某事(已经做了)。38、Thenewappointmentofourpresident______fromtheverybeginningofnextsemester.A、takeseffectB、takespartC、takesplaceD、takesturns标准答案：A知识点解析：句意：“我们校长的新任期从下个学期开始”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为生效、起作用，B项意为参加、加入，C项意为发生、出现，D项意为依次、轮流。39、Ifthewholeoperation______beforehandagreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.A、wasnotplannedB、hasnotbeenplannedC、hadnotbeenplannedD、wasnotplanned标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“要是没有预先计划好整个手术的话，大量的时间和金钱白白浪费了”。本题考查虚拟条件句。只有选项C符合它的时态搭配。40、Wehavetotryeverymeansto______thecostsoftheconstructionproject.A、bringoffB、bringforthC、bringdownD、bringback标准答案：C知识点解析：句意：“我们不得不尝试用各种办法来降低这个项目的建筑成本”。本题考查词义辨析。A项意为成功地做某事，B项意为引起、提出，C项意为降低，D项意为把某物带回来。二、常规阅读(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)Myfather'sreactiontothebankbuildingat43rdStreetandFifthAvenueinNewYorkcitywasimmediateanddefinite:"Youwon'tcatchmeputtingmymoneyinthere!"hedeclared,"Notinthatglassbox!"Ofcourse,myfatherisagentlemanoftheoldschool,amemberofthegenerationtowhomagooddealofmodernarchitectureisupsetting,butIamconvincedthathisnegativeresponsewasnotsomuchtothearchitectureastoaviolationofhisconceptofthenatureofmoney.Inhisgenerationmoneywasthoughtofasarealcommodity(实物)thatcouldbecarried,orstolen.Consequently,toattractthecustomofasensibleman,abankhadtohaveheavywalls,barredwindows,andbronzedoors,toaffirmthefact,howeveruntrue,thatmoneywouldbesafeinside.Ifabuildingsdesignmadeitappearimpenetrable,theinstitutionwasnecessarilyreliable,andthemeaningoftheheavywallasanarchitecturesymboldweltintheprevailingattitudetowardmoney.Buttheattitudetowardmoneyhas,ofcourse,changed.Exceptingpocketmoney,cashofanykindisnowrarelyused;moneyasatangiblecommodityhaslargelybeenreplacedbycredit.Adeficit(赤字)economy,accompaniedbyhugeexpansion,hasledustothinkofmoneyasproductofthecreativeimagination.Thebankernolongeroffersusasafe;heoffersusaserviceinwhichthemostvaluableelementisthecreativityfortheinventionoflargenumbers.Itisinnowaysurprising,inviewofthischangeinattitude,thatwearewitnessingthedisappearanceoftheheavywalledbank.Justastheolderbankemphasizeditsstrength,thisbankbyitsarchitectureboastsofimaginativepowers.Fromthispointofviewitishardtosaywherearchitectureendsandhumanassertion(人们的说法)begins.41、Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.A、moneyisnotasvaluableasitwasinthepastB、changeshavetakenplaceinboththeappearanceandtheconceptofbanksC、thearchitecturalstyleoftheolderbankissuperiortothatofthemodernbankD、prejudicemakestheoldergenerationthinkthatthemodernbankisunreliable标准答案：B知识点解析：主旨题。该题要求学生总结文章的主题。文章主要写了银行发展的两个方面：一是银行的外在建筑风格，过去的银行通常有heavywalls，barredwindows以及bronzedoors，给人以非常可靠、放心踏实的感觉；二是银行的功能转变。选项B正是恰当的概括，所以应该是正确答案。文章并无涉及现在和过去对钱的价值比较，所以A项“钱不如过去值钱”不对。文章也没有对比哪种建筑风格更好，所以C项“过去的银行的建筑风格比现代银行的建筑风格更好”也不对。D项说“偏见使得老一辈人认为现代银行不可靠”，不符合文章意思。42、Howdotheoldergenerationandtheyoungeronethinkaboutmoney?A、Theformerthinksmoreofmoneythanthelatter.B、Theyoungergenerationvaluesmoneymorethantheoldergeneration.C、Bothgenerationsrelyontheimaginativepowerofbankerstomakemoney.D、Totheformermoneyisarealcommoditybuttothelatterthemeansofproducingmoremoney.标准答案：D知识点解析：细节归纳题。问题问老一代人与年轻一代人对钱的认识态度是什么?老一代人的看法可以从第三段开头看出：“Inhisgenerationmoneywasthoughtofasarealcommoditythat…”年轻一代对钱的看法可以从第四段第四行至第六行，尤其是“…heoffersusaserviceinwhichthemostvaluableelementisthecreativityfortheinventionoflargenumbers．”从上可以归纳出D项为该题的正确答案。43、Theword’’tangible"(Line2,Para.4)referstosomething______.A、thatispreciousB、thatisusableC、thatcanbetouchedD、thatcanbereproduced标准答案：C知识点解析：语义题。该题较容易，只要参阅第三段“commodity”后的定语从句“thatcouldbecarried，orstolen．”这实际上就是解释老一代人对钱的看法，他们认为钱是可以被携带或被偷走，也就是能摸得到的实实在在的东西，C项正确。44、Accordingtothispassage,amodernbankershouldbe______.A、ambitiousandfriendlyB、reliableandpowerfulC、sensibleandimpenetrableD、imaginativeandcreative标准答案：D知识点解析：细节推论题。问题问现代银行应该具有什么功能?四选项的意思分别是：A．“充满雄心且友好”，B．“可靠且威力无穷”，C．“明智且不可穿越”，D.“富有想象且有创造性”。要回答这个问题，应定位在文章第四段“…inwhichthemostvaluableelementisthecreativity”和第五段“…boastsofimaginativepowers．"从中不难看出现代银行应该是富有想象力并且有创造力。45、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewtrendinbankis______.A、cautiousB、regretfulC、positiveD、hostile标准答案：C知识点解析：推论题。该题要求学生判断作者对银行的外在风格和功能的转变这一趋势的态度。最明确的提示应该是第四段开头“Buttheattitudetowardmoneyhas，ofcourse，changed．”随后进一步分析了现代银行不同于过去银行的功能，作者用了“creativeimagination”，可以看出其态度是肯定的。C项正确。Sixteenyearsago,EileenDoyle'shusband,anengineer,tookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupoftea,packedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardofagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyand,asfarassheknew,therehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.Everydayoftheyearasmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragoodbyeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttime,leavingtheirdebts,theirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.Lastyear,morethan1,200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome-thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayear,butothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthat,peoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriage,notknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive."It'stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople'spainanddifficulties.Runningaway,likekillingyourself,isahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguilty,upsetandempty."46、Whenherhusbandlefthome,EileenDoyle______.A、couldnotforgivehimfortakingthechildrenB、hadbeenexpectingittohappenforsometimeC、couldnotunderstandwhyD、blamedherselfforwhathadhappened标准答案：C知识点解析：细节理解题。问题问“当她的丈夫离家出走时，EileenDoyle怎么样?”根据第一段第二行“Eileenwasastonished…”可以断定C“(她)不明白为什么”应该是正确答案。其余三项均不符合文章意思。47、Mostpeoplewholeavetheirfamiliesbehindthem______.A、dosowithoutwarningB、dosobecauseoftheirdebtsC、comebackimmediatelyD、changetheirnames标准答案：A知识点解析：细节理解题。问题问“离开家庭的大多数人怎么样”。该题较简单，解题依据应该是文章第二段，其大意为：一年中的每一天都有一小帮男人和女人悄然收拾几件行李，没有留下任何纸条或说一声再见(“…withoutsomuchasanoteorgoodbye…”，其中withoutsomuchas为重要句型，表示“甚至……都没有”)，最后一次关上前门离家出走了，把他们的债务、他们的忧虑，还有迷惑不解的家庭抛在身后。A项正确。48、Somepeoplewouldevenpreferthedeathtotherunningawayoftheirspouse(配偶)because______.A、theirspousewouldfeelnopainduringthedeathB、theirspousedeathwouldnotblowtheirprideandconfidenceC、adesertionwouldnotbringafeelingofrejectionorfailureD、theirspousedeathwouldmakethemfeellesspainful标准答案：D知识点解析：细节理解题。文章第四段第二、三旬说明那些被遗弃的人甚至宁愿自己的配偶已经死亡，至少死亡不会意味着自己被抛弃或失败，所以要比被遗弃的感觉好点。B、C两项属于考试中典型的陷阱式干扰项，因为B项中的“prideandconfidence”及C项中的“rejectionorfailure”在原文中皆有出现，马虎的考生可能不假思索就选了B或C，正好中了圈套，其实稍微细心一点就会发现B、C和文章所说的并不是一回事。第四段第三句“Atleastit…”中的it是指death而不是题干中主语所指。49、Themanorwomanleftbehindwithanunfinishedmarriageusually______.A、admitsresponsibilityforthesituationB、wishesthepersonwhohasleftweredeadC、comesbackwithinayearD、willhavenolegalmarriagelifeforsevenyears标准答案：D知识点解析：细节推论题。问题的题干应该在第四段开头，所以答案在此之后“…Worsethanthat，…anunfinishedmarriage，…waitsevenyearsbefore…”D项正是这种意思。50、PaulBrownregardsleavinghomeinsuchcircumstancesas______.A、anactofdespairB、anactofselfishnessC、theresultofasuddendecisionD、theresultoftheenormoussenseofguilt标准答案：B知识点解析：细节理解题。依据第五段第二行“It’stypicaiofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeopie’spainanddifficulties．”B项说“这是…种自私行为”，为正确答案。A.“这是种绝望行为”；C“这是突然决定的结果”；D.“这是沉重负疚感的结果”。JamesJoycewasanIrishnovelistwhorevolutionizedthemethodsofdepictingcharactersanddevelopingaplotinmodernfiction.Hisastonishingwayofconstructinganovel,hisfrankportrayalofhumannatureinhisbooks,andhiscompletecommandofEnglishhavemadehimoneoftheoutstandinginfluencesonliteratureinthe20thCentury.ManycriticsjudgethatheissecondonlytoShakespeareinhismasteryoftheEnglishlanguage.JoycewasdeeplyinfluencedbyIrelandandwroteallhisbooksaboutDublin.WhenhewasinDublinCollege,hestudiedlanguagesandspenthissparetimereadingbooks.Herefusedtotakepartinthenationalistmovementlikehisfellowstudents,buthebecamepassionatelyinterestedinliterature.HewroteoutspokenarticlesofliterarycriticismthatshockedhisteachersandeventaughthimselfNorwegiansothathecouldreadIbsen'sworksintheoriginal.Whenhegraduatedin1902,heknewhewouldbecomeawriterandanexile,becausehefelthecouldnotbeonewithouttheother.Inordertopreservehisidealofwritingtruthfully,fully,andasobjectivelyasheknewhow,aboutthepeopleandplacesheknewbest,hehadtoescapefromalltemptationstobecomeinvolvedinpopularopinionorpubliclife.HewenttoFrance,ItalyandSwitzerland,wherehelivedinpovertyandobscurityforthefirst20years,onlyreturningtoIrelandwhenhismotherwasdying.Exceptforacoupleofbrieftrips,hestayedabroadallhislife.51、JamesJoycewasfirstofalla______.A、revolutionaryB、criticC、novelistD、exile标准答案：C知识点解析：细节考察题。文章第一旬就已告诉我们他是一位小说家。52、JamesJoycewasfamousformanyreasonsEXCEPT______.A、hiswayofconstructinganovelB、hisfrankportrayalofhumannatureC、hiscompletecommandofEnglishD、hispassioninliterature标准答案：D知识点解析：细节考察题。他成为20世纪对文学产生深远影响的人物之一，是由于他的小说的独特构造，他对人性的率直描写及他对英语的完全掌握，即A、B、C,只有D不是他闻名于世的原因，因此D为正确答案。53、"HeissecondonlytoShakespeare"isacommentonhis______.A、achievementinliteratureB、achievementinthenationalistmovementC、achievementinhisstudyoflanguagesD、masteryoftheEnglishlanguage标准答案：D知识点解析：细节考察题。“inhismasteryoftheEnglishlanguage”表明范围、方面．即在英语语言的掌握方面仅次于莎士比亚，本文没有具体提到他对文学的贡献或他学习的成绩，他没有参加民族运动，不可能在这方面有什么贡献，因此D为正确答案。54、Howmanyexamplesareusedtoshowhispassioninliterature?A、2B、3C、1D、4标准答案：A知识点解析：逻辑关系题。第二段提到他沉迷于文学，然后用两个例子进一步说明：他写的非常大胆的文学评论文章让他的老师大为吃惊，他甚至自学挪威语以便阅读易卜生原著。55、WhydidJamesJoycestayabroadalmostallhislife?A、Becausehewantedtoliveinpovertyandobscurity.B、Becausehewantedtowritethepeopleandplacesheknewbest.C、Becausehewantedtoescapefromalltemptationstobecomeinvolvedinpopularopinionorpubliclife.D、Becausehewantedtopreservehisidealofwritingtruthfully,fullyandobjectivelyaboutthepeopleandtheplacesheknewbest.标准答案：D知识点解析：“JamesJoyce几乎一生都住在国外是因为他想保护他的写作理想，即真实、完整、客观地写他最为熟知的人物和地方。”因果判断题。原文用inorderto来表明因果关系，因此topreservehisidealofwritingtruthfully，fully，……为原因．结果就是hehadtoescapefromalltemptationstobecomeinvolvedinpopularopinionorpubliclife，即移居国外。Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofasocialgroup.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroups,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof"naturalleaders".Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon;rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.Researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto"getthingsdone".Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewellbeingsofasocialgroup'smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveothersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibit(阻碍)attainmentofthegroup'sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesandtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferenceinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.56、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A、Theproblemsfacedbyleaders.B、Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups.C、Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem.D、Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups.标准答案：D知识点解析：主旨题。本篇主要讨论不同的领导者(如instrumentalleaders，expressiveleaders)在不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确答案。A、B、C选项都不能正确概括本文主旨。57、ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomerecognizedasaleaderofasocialgroupEXCEPTA、recruitmentB、formalelectionprocessC、specificleadershiptrainingD、traditionalculturalpatterns标准答案：C知识点解析：细节理解题。A选项的招募(recruitment)和B选项选举程序(electionprocess)都在第一段中作为大群体的领导者产生的方式被明确提到。D选项也在第一段中作为家庭领导者的产生的方式被明确提到。只有C选项没有作为产生领导者的一种方式在本文中被提及。58、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A、personwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleaderinanothergroup.B、Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.C、Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.D、Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.标准答案：A知识点解析：推论题。A选项意思是：某一特定群体的有效领导者，不一定就可以成为另一群体的有效领导者。这正好与第一段的意思相吻合，即领导者没有一个固定的特点，只是符合了一个特定群体需要的人就有可能成为该群体的领导者(Itseems...virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup)。B选项和C选项的意思与本文无关。D选项意为：许多人想成为领导者，但却很少能拿出证据来证明他们具有这样的资格。显然是对文章意思的曲解。59、Inmentioning"naturalleaders"inline8,theauthorismakingthepointthat______.A、fewpeoplequalifyas"naturalleaders"B、thereisnoproofthat"naturalleaders"existC、naturalleadersareeasilyacceptedbythemembersofagroupD、naturalleadersshareasimilarsetofcharacteristics标准答案：B知识点解析：细节理解题。第一段中“…decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof‘naturalleaders’”意思是说数十年来的研究并不能找出可靠证据来证明那些人可以成为“天生领导者”，与B项意思一致。60、Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson______.A、ensuringharmoniousrelationshipsB、sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembersC、identifyingnewleadersD、achievingagoal标准答案：D知识点解析：细节理解题。第二、三段主要讲了两种类型的领导者的区别。其中instrumentalleader侧重于群体目标的实现，而expressiveleader相对于前者并不侧重于群体目标的实现，而是注重为群体成员提供情感支持，并尽力减少内部纷争(Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.)。三、完型填空(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)Anyonewhohasriddenonarailroadtrainknowshowrapidlyanothertrain【C1】______bywhenitistravellinginthe【C2】______directionandconverselyhowitmaylookalmost【C3】______whenitismovinginthesamedirection.【C4】______atrainatastationstartstomoveforward【C5】______gentlythatpassengersfeelsnobackwardmovement【C6】______.Theniftheyhappenedto【C7】______thewindowandseeanothertrainslidepastonthenexttrack,theyhavenowayofknowing【C8】______trainisinmotionandwhichisatrest;【C9】______cantheytellhowfasteitheroneismovingorinwhichdirection.Theonlywaytheycanjudgetheir【C10】______isbylookingouttheothersideofthecarforsomefixedbodyofreference【C11】______thestationplatformorasinglelight.Newtonwas【C12】______thesetricksofmotion,onlyhethoughtintermsofships.Heknewthatonacalmdayatseaasailorcanshavehimselfordrinksoupas【C13】______aswhenhisshipislyingmotionlessinharbor.Thewaterinhisbasin,thesoupinhisbowl,willremain【C14】______whethertheshipismakingfiveknots,fifteenknotsortwety-fiveknots.So【C15】______helookshardattheseaitwillbe【C16】______forhimtoknowhowfasthisshipismovingorindeedifitismovingatall.Ofcourse,iftheseashouldgetroughortheshipchangescoursesuddenly,【C17】______hewillsensehisstateofmotion.Butevensupposingthatwehavetheidealizedconditionsofaglasscalmseaandasilentship,nothingthathappensbelowdecks,noamountofobservationormechanicalexperiment,performedinsidetheship,willrevealitsvelocitythroughthesea.Thephysical【C18】______basedonthesefactswasformulatedbyNewtonin1687."Themotionsofbodiesincludedinagivenspace,"hewrote,"arethesame【C19】______themselves,whetherthatspaceisatrestormovesuniformly【C20】______inastraightline."61、【C1】A、passesB、goesC、flashesD、moves标准答案：C知识点解析：pass经过；go走，驶；flash指速度非常快闪电般地飞驰，掠过；pass，go，move这三个词远不及flash；move运行，移动，但动作要慢得多。62、【C2】A、differentB、oppositeC、unlikeD、diverse标准答案：B知识点解析：different不同的；opposite相反的；unlike不相似的；diverse分散的，几个的。63、【C3】A、noiselessB、motionlessC、calmnessD、movingly标准答案：B知识点解析：noiseless无噪音的；motionless静止的，不动的；calmness是名词“平静”；movingly是副词“活动”。64、【C4】A、AtalltimesB、AllthewhileC、AtalltimeD、Onceinawhile标准答案：D知识点解析：atalltimes无论如何，一直；allthewhile一直，始终；atalltime始终；onceinawhile有时，偶然。65、【C5】A、soB、veryC、muchD、as标准答案：A知识点解析：此题是so…that句型。B、C、D均不与that搭配。66、【C6】A、wheneverB、whereverC、whateverD、whichever标准答案：C知识点解析：whatever可作连词，形容词，还可作副词“无论如何”。67、【C7】A、watchyouB、markoutC、lookoutD、view标准答案：C知识点解析：watchout当心，注意；markout规划；lookout朝外看，把头伸出去看；view仔细观察。68、【C8】A、whichB、whatC、thatD、if标准答案：A知识点解析：联系上下文可知此空和“train．．．"与后面的“which…”是并列的宾语从句，因此填which。69、【C9】A、andB、butC、orD、nor标准答案：D知识点解析：nor也不，常与neither或not连用，有时也与no，never等表示否定的词连用，也可用在肯定句后，语序要倒装。如：Thearticleisnotlong，noristhestyleeasy，and连接两个对等的句子；but表示转折；or表示选择。70、【C10】A、conditionB、positionC、situationD、state标准答案：C知识点解析：condition条件，形势；position职务，方位；situation位置，处境；state状况，情形。71、【C11】A、likeB、loveC、devoteD、attach标准答案：A知识点解析：like作为介词使用，意为“如，像”。B、C、D都是动词，不可采用。72、【C12】A、fondofB、awareofC、keenonD、interestedin标准答案：B知识点解析：fondof喜欢；awareof知道；keenon喜欢；interestedin对……感兴趣。73、【C13】A、easilyB、comfortablyC、reliablyD、vigorously标准答案：B知识点解析：easily容易地；reliably可靠地；comfortably舒适地；vigorously精力充沛地。74、【C14】A、unruf