浅析好莱坞电影中的个人英雄主义

ContentsTOC\o"1-2"\h\uChineseAbstract 2EnglishAbstract 31.Introduction 41.1AGeneralIntroductiontoAmericanIndividualHeroismandIronManSeries 41.2

Literature

Review 61.3

The

Significance

of

the

Research 82.

The

Analysis

of

American

Individual

Heroism

inIron

Man

Series 92.1ConfidenceandAnxiety 92.2Self-redeemingandSavingOthers 102.3IndividualHeroismandCollectiveHeroism 113.

TheReasonsforIndividualHeroismintheIronManSeries 123.1HistoricalFactor 133.2CulturalFactor 144.Conclusion 15References 17浅析好莱坞电影中的个人英雄主义——以《钢铁侠》系列为例摘要电影，既是当代文明和生活的重要组成部分，亦是传播文化的常用载体。美国人崇拜的个人英雄主义一直都是好莱坞电影的热门题材。而《钢铁侠》系列电影就充分地体现了美国的个人英雄主义。通过研究分析好莱坞电影中的个人英雄主义有助于了解美国广为接受的个人英雄主义观，深入掌握中西文化的异同。本文通过对《钢铁侠》系列电影的背景知识的研究，结合其他学者的观点，分析总结了好莱坞电影中的个人英雄主义的三个特征——自信、自我救赎与拯救他人以及与集体英雄主义融合。并从美国的历史和文化两个角度分析总结了个人英雄主义形成的原因。分析好莱坞电影中的个人英雄主义可以深化我们对美国文化的认识，再结合现代的电影产业的发展和个人英雄主义，可为英雄电影的创作提供新的视角、可观的启示和参考性。关键词：好莱坞电影；钢铁侠系列；个人英雄主义

AnAnalysisofIndividualHeroisminHollywoodMoviesACaseStudyofIronManSeriesAbstractMovieisnotjustanmomentouspartofmoderncivilizationandlife,butalsoacommoncarrierforspreadingcultures.TheindividualheroismthatAmericansworshiphasalwaysbeenahottopicinHollywoodmovies.AndIronManSeriesisagoodexampleofAmericanindividualheroism.ResearchandanalysisofindividualheroisminHollywoodfilmscanhelpusunderstandthewidelyacceptedconceptofindividualheroismintheUnitedStatesandgainadeeperunderstandingofthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures.BystudyingthebackgroundknowledgeofIronManSeriesandcombiningwiththeviewpointsofotherscholars,thispaperanalyzesandsummarizesthethreecharacteristicsofindividualheroisminHollywoodmovies--confidence,self-redeemingandsavingothers,andintegratingwithcollectiveheroism.ItalsoanalyzesandsummarizesthereasonsfortheformationofindividualheroismfromtheperspectivesofAmericanhistoryandculture.TheanalysisofindividualheroisminHollywoodmoviescandeepenourunderstandingofAmericanculture.Combinationofthedevelopmentofthemodernfilmindustrywithindividualheroismcanprovideanewperspective,considerableinspirationandreferencesforthecreationofheroicmovies. Keywords:Hollywoodmovie;IronManSeries;individualheroism

IntroductionIn2019,oneofthehighlightsofHollywoodheroicfilmsisAvengers4,whereheroessuchasIronManandCaptainAmericafinallyretiredfromthescreen.Theendofonegenerationofheroesisaccompaniedbytheriseofanother.ThenthereistheseamlessconnectionwithSpider-Man:FarFromHome,andtheAmerican"HeroDream"continues.ButwherewillMarvelgonext?Whatshouldbesaidabouttheheroiclegendsofthenewera?Inthenewera,whocanbecomethesuccessorofIronManisthebiggestquestionfacingMarvel,anditisalsoaquestionthatmanyMarvelfanshopetogetanswers.Needlesstosay,IronManhasalwaysplayedapivotalroleinMarvelmovies.IronManSeriesalsohighlightsAmericanindividualheroism.WhenHollywoodmoviesarepopular,theyalsoaffectthevaluesoftheaudienceandspreadthevaluesofAmericanindividualheroismtothewholeworld.WhiletheUnitedStatesbelievesinindividualheroism,italsostrengthenstheculturalexporttotheoutsideworld.MoviesplayanmajorroleintheculturalinfiltrationoftheUnitedStatestothewholeworld.AGeneralIntroductiontoAmericanIndividualHeroismandIronManSeriesIndifferenttimesanddifferentculturalbackgrounds,peopleholddistinctinterpretationsofindividualheroism,withdifferentpraiseandcriticism.Insomeextremeviews,individualheroismisthethoughtandactionofseparatingoneselffromthemassesandtrustinginone'sownstrengthtoachievesomesocialtask.Ittakesindividualismastheprinciple,exaggeratesorimproperlyemphasizestheroleofindividualsinsociallifeandhistoricalactivities,anddeniesthestrengthandwisdomofthemasses.Buttoday,individualheroismisgivenamoreobjectivemeaning:inordertoachieveagreatcauseofthewholenation,andactivelyovercomethecontradictionsandobstaclesnecessaryfordramaticeffortsbecomenatureofindividuals,inpersonalactivitytheyshowedtheheroictenaciousandselfsacrifice,thisisthespiritofheroism.Individualheroismisinherentinhumannature.Itsmaincharacteristicsarethedesiretoberecognizedbyothers,theattentionofothers,thepublicityofthepersonality,theself-centeredness,andthecouragetofacepressureandtakeresponsibility,saidinInterpretingAmerican-styleIndividualHeroismfromComicMovies:FromthePerspectiveofTheDarkKnightRises(陆倩,2012(11):73).Individualheroismisanexpressionofindividualism.Sinceancienttime,westernculturehasemphasizedindividualsubjectiveinitiative,andAmericanculturehasalsoadvocatedindividualstruggle.IndividualheroismadvocatedbyAmericansocietyisaffirminghumanfreedom,advocatingpersonalvalues,andencouragingindividualstorelyontheirowncapabilitiestobenefitsocietyandbenefithumanity.TheindividualheroismreflectedbytheheroesofAmericancomicsandmoviesreflectsdeeplyontheAmericanvalues.Theoptimistic,positive,andhard-workingspiritofindividualheroismalsoreflectstheAmericanDreamofAmericans.Amongmanysuperheromoviesthathighlightpersonalityandpromoteculture,theIronManSeriesisoneofthebest.IronManSeriesofmoviesisoneofthemasterpiecesinthecomicadaptationfilm.ItisanadaptationfromtheclassicstoryoftheAmericanMarvelComicsandproducedbytheAmericanMarvelStudios.MarvelComicsisoneofthegiantsofAmericancomicscompanies.Thecharacterspeoplearefamiliarwith,suchasSpider-Man,Hulk,CaptainAmerica,Wolverine,X-Menarethepropertyofit.AgreatdealofthesecomicswaslateradaptedintomoviesbyHollywood.IronManisthefirstmovieintheMarvelCinematicUniverse,whichwasreleasedin2008.Since2008,fromIronMantoSpider-Man:FarFromHome,MarvelStudioshasreleased23MarvelUniversemovies.Andthesemoviesareallinterconnected.Then,in2010and2013,HollywoodsuccessivelylaunchedIronMan2andIronMan3,bothofwhichhaveachievedgreatsuccessattheboxoffice.Sofar,threefilmshavebeenmadeintheIronManSeries.Andthefirsttwohadbeenfilmedbythewell-knownHollywooddirectorJonFavreau.AsthephotographerofthefirsttwofilmsoftheIronManSeries,JonFavreauisnotonlythecreatoroftheIronManSeries,butalsotheshaperoftheherocharacterIronMan.Nevertheless,beforefilmingIronMan,JonFavreauwasjustathird-lineactorinHollywood,andmanypeopledidn'tevenknowhisname.Inaddition,JonFavreauisnotagraduateofaregularuniversity,norhashestudiedactingordirector-relatedcontent.Itcansaythathewasborninanunschooledclass.However,performanceexperienceinvarioussmallsetsorproductionTVserieshasnotobliteratedhisloveformovies.JonFavreauusedalotoffreetimetolearnsomedirectorknowledge,whichlaidthefoundationforhimtobecomeadirectorinthefuture.UntilthereleaseofthefirstIronMan,theHollywoodfilmwithhighlyindividualheroismquicklycapturedtheboxofficeoftheglobalfilmandconstantlybreakingtherecords.TheadventofIronMannotonlymadeJonFavreaufamous,butalsosavedtheendangeredMarvel,andalsospreadtheimportantAmericanculturethroughtheheroicroleofIronMan.Afterthat,ShaneBlackdirectedtheshootingofIronMan3basedonJonFerry.Inthefollowingstories,hecontinuedtoenrichtheheroicimageofIronManandspreadtheindividualheroismoftheroleofIronManinhisownway.TheherooftheIronManSeriesisTonyStark,playedbyRobertDowneyJr.Thisseriesoffilmsisaboutthearrogantplayboy,geniusscientist,philanthropist,billionaire,bossofthearmscompany,TonyStark,whogotaspecialironsuit,wasendowedwithextraordinarypowers,andsetouttobecomethesuperheroIronMantodefendthepeace.1.2

Literature

ReviewUnderthesituationofglobalization,theunderstandingofnationalcultureshouldbenotthebasicinformationonly.AmongthemanyculturalvaluesexhibitedinHollywoodmovies,thepenetrationofindividualheroismhasalsomanifestedincisivelyanddeeply.Ithasalsoattractedtheattentionofpeopleathomeandabroad.Somanydomestic

and

overseasscholarshaveconductedresearchontheAmericanindividualheroism.InHeroes,Hero-WorshipandtheHeroicinHistory,ThomasCarlyle(1966)madeaprogrammaticdeclarationofthehistoricalviewofheroesthatitisnoexaggerationtosaythatthesoulofthewholehistoryoftheworldisthehistoryofheroes.LeoBraudy(2003),inhisbookFromChivalrytoTerrorism:WarandtheChangingNatureofMasculinitynotesthatthereappearstobeauniquefascinationandadmirationforsuperheroes(orsupernaturalheroes)inculturesallovertheworld.AccordingtotheEncyclopediaofTelevision(Newcomb,1997),whendiscussingtheAmericanfilmandtelevisionculture,AmericanscholarHalHimmelsteinoncesaidthattheworldofclassicheroactivitiesisaworldofstrongemotions,butalsoaharshworld,wheretherulesincludeendlessphysicalandmoraltestsandconstantdeaththreats.Heroesrepresentasystemofcarefullydefinedvalues,inwhichgoodultimatelytriumphsovereviland,withthehelpofgod,theiractivitiesendchaosandrestoreorderandstability.TheplotofindividualheroisminHollywoodstemsfromthehistoricalprocessofthenationitself.QiJin(2009)notedinFromHollywoodtoSeeAmericanValuesofIndividualHeroismthatKissingersaidthatAmericansparticularlyappreciatethecowboywholedtheteam,whogoesaloneintoavillageortown.Heprobablydidn'tevenhaveahandgunbecausehedidn'tgotheretofight.Dr.Kissinger'swordsexpressedAmericans'respectforindividualismandindividualheroism,whichisalsoinfiltratedinHollywoodmovies.HollywoodmovieshavenotonlywitnessedthehistoryanddevelopmentoftheUnitedStates,butalsocontinuedthe"HeroDream"ofAmericans.TherearelikewisesomedomesticscholarshavepublishedtheirownworksonindividualheroisminHollywoodmovies.Forexample,inCriticismonExtremeCulturalValuesofHollywoodBlockbusterswrittenbyHuLixinandFangYongjun(2006),itisproposedthattheAmericanindividualheroismistheemergenceofasaviorwhocarriesthehopeforworldpeaceandsurrenderstodisasters.ThisistheembodimentofAmericanindividual'spursuitoffreedom,happinessandpeace,whichalsoimpliesapositiveindividualheroismandvalues.InFromHollywoodtoSeeAmericanValuesofIndividualHeroism,QiJin(2009)mentionedthatmoviesareanimportantpartofmoderncivilizationandlife,thevariousscreenimagesofHollywoodmovieshaveinfluencedthedevelopmentofworldmovies,andtheimageofindividualheroismdeeplyreflectsthepersonalvaluesofAmericansinthemovies.Thiskindofvaluenotonlyembodiestheworshipofindividualandindependence,thepursuitofjusticeanddignity,butalsoimpliesthecontradictionbetweentheindividualandsocialorderandviolence.AndHollywoodheroicmoviesfullydemonstratetheseindividualheroism.InUnderstandingHeroisminFilmandTelevisionWorksfromtheSublimeCategoryofAesthetics,YuYuanyang(2019)alsoproposedthattheproductionanddevelopmentofAmericanfilmshaveastrongandobviousindividualheroismduetosomefactors.Becauseoftheaccumulationofmanydifferentfactors,alotofdomesticscholarshavevariousviewsonAmericanindividualheroism.AmongthegreatnumberofscholarsmakingstudiesinHollywoodfilms,someofthemalsohavepointedtheirfingerattheIronManSeries.MarvelcreatorStanLeeoncesaid,“IthinkIgavemyselfadare.ItwastheheightoftheColdWar.Thereaders,theyoungreaders,iftherewasonethingtheyhated,itwaswar,itwasthemilitary.SoIgotaherowhorepresentedthattothehundredthdegree.Hewasaweaponsmanufacturer,hewasprovidingweaponsfortheArmy,hewasrich,hewasanindustrialist.Ithoughtitwouldbefuntotakethekindofcharacterthatnobodywouldlike,noneofourreaderswouldlike,andshovehimdowntheirthroatsandmakethemlikehim...Andhebecameverypopular’’(Net1).AndIronManalsoalongwiththeestablishmentoftheMarvel

CinematicUniverse,hasbecomethebelovedcharacterofcountlessfans.MSNBC(MicrosoftNationalBroadcastingProgram)alsocommentedthatthetechnologyinIronManSeriesmaybebeyondreality,butinthebodyofthepowered-upactionrobot,ahumanheartbeat.Indeed,evengod-likeheroesareasfleshandbloodashumans.Whetherit'sacharacteroramovie,IronManisevenmorepopularinChina.WangLingyan(2013)mentionedinAnInterpretationofAmericanCulturalIndividualHeroisminIronManthattheappearanceofIronManisnotexceptionalalso.TheemergenceofindividualheroesintheUnitedStatesisnormal.Theyrepresentfreedom,andpeople'slongingforself-liberationofhumannature.AndthisvalueoriginatedfromliberalismintheWest.TangQin(2012)alsoproposedinAStudyoftheInfluenceofIndividualHeroismonUnilateralisminAmericanCulture:fromthePerspectiveofIronManthatasshowninIronMan,theprotagonistalwaysshowsextraordinarycalmnessandabsoluteconfidencewhenfacingvariousunimaginabledifficulties.ByanalyzingtheculturalfactorsbehindAmericanindividualheroism,thetwoscholarsexploredtheAmericanindividualheroismreflectedintheIronManSeries,andthendiscussedtherelevantinfluenceandsignificance.Thereareotherdomesticscholarswhointerprettheworksofotherdomesticandoversesscholarsandbringuptheirownviews.Forexample,thecooperationworkofZhangWentingandLiYuanyuan(2016),OntheIndividualHeroismofAmericanCulturefromtheIronManSeries,alsomentionedthatalthoughtheIronManSeriesisacommercialfilm,butthecommercialvalueoftheseriesdoesnotaffectitsculturalvalue.IndividualheroismshowninIronManSeriespenetratesintoAmericanvalues.AndtheseriesspreadsAmericanindividualheroismtotheworld.1.3

The

Significance

of

the

ResearchWiththedevelopmentofthetime,filmhasbeenoneofthemainfoodofpeople'sspirit.

Hollywoodmoviesnotonlybringentertainmenttopeople'slife,butalsospreadAmericancultureandvalues.Heroismhasdistinctethnicandnationalcharacteristics,aswellasastrongsenseofhistoryandtime,saidinTheCharacteristicsandEvolutionofAmericanIndividualHeroismfromIronMan(张志豪,程殿梅,2018(06):57).Heroismisaneternaltopic,andindividualismisthecoreofAmericanculture.ItisnotmeaninglesstounderstandAmericanindividualheroismobjectivelyandrationally.IndividualheroismreflectsaspecificculturalpursuitofAmerica,andtosomeextentreflectsthecontinuousprogressofAmericanhistory.Infact,thespiritoftheherointhefilmhasplayedansignificantrolenotonlyinscienceandeconomics,butalsoinpoliticsandotherfields.ItisnothardtofindthatAmericanfilmshavetrulyintegratedintotheAmericanspiritualvision.Throughthedisplayofartisticimages,theyreflectthesocialcultureoftheUnitedStates,expressthethoughtsandemotionsoftheAmericanpeople,andembodythespiritofthiseraandthisnation.Atthesametime,theculturalvaluepositionspreadinthefilmalsoexertsasubtleinfluenceontheformationoftheculturalvaluesoffilmloversaroundtheworld.ThroughresearchandanalysisofindividualheroisminHollywoodmovies,itishelpfultorecognizeandunderstandthewidelyacceptedandpopularindividualheroism

andvaluesintheUnitedStates.Combinedwiththedevelopmentofthemodernfilmindustryandindividualheroism,whichcanprovideanewperspective,considerableenlightenmentandreferencesforthecreationofheroicfilm.Inaddition,itcanalsoexploretheAmericanpsychicaspirationandpursuitandvalues,andprovidecluestothefutureinnovationandproductdevelopment.

Atthesametime,itisalsoessentialtounderstandwhatmaybeeliminatedbytheUnitedStates,butalsotoseethenegativepartofit,andlearnfromit,andtounderstandAmericanculturemorecomprehensively.Afterall,cultureisthethresholdforcommunication.

The

Analysis

of

American

Individual

Heroism

inIron

Man

Series2.1ConfidenceandAnxietyLookingattheheroicmoviesinHollywood,itcanbeconcludedthatheroeswithspecialabilitiesaresofullofconfidence.Whenfacingdifficulties,theheroescancalmlyanalyzetheproblemandreachasolutionaccordingtothesituation.Thepowerthatsupportsheroestocalmdownandfacedifficultiescomesfromtheirinnateself-confidence.ToborrowfromSpider-Man,"withgreatpowercomesgreatresponsibility."SoTonyhadthecouragetoexposetoeveryonethatheisIronMan.Heisconvincedthathecanbeartheresponsibilitiesofahero.IntheIronManSeries,TonyStarknevergivesupinthefaceofnumerousdifficulties,andsolvedthemonebyonewithhiscalmness,witandtalent.Heisconfidentthathecanachievehisgoalbyhisowneffortsandthusrescuethecrisis.Butsuchaconfidentherohasseriousanxiety.OneoftheclassicshotsinIronMan1isthatTonyshowedaheartfeltsmilewhenhefirstflewintotheskywearingarmor.Exceptforthefirsttimeflyingintothebluesky,peopleneversawhissmileagain.InIronMan1,Tony'ssaviorsaystohim,"youareamanwhohaseverythingandnothing."Indeed,hehascapitalandtalent.However,hissubordinatewantedtousurp,hisfriendsoftenopposedhim,andthepeoplehelovedoccasionallydidnotunderstand.Heborethesadnessaloneandputpressureonhimself.Sohegraduallydevelopedanxiety.InIronMan3,Tonysaidtohislittlefanthat,“IsweartoGod,youaregoingtofreakmeout.”TonyalsoconfessedtoPotts,"Iamjustamaninacan...mysuits,theyarepartofme."Heseemedtofeelsafeonlyifhehidinhissuit.It'sareflectionofreality.TheAmericanpeoplewhohavegonethroughspecialperiodssuchaswars,theGreatDepression,andterroristattacksarelikeIronMan.Theyhaveanxietyandfearaboutthelivingenvironmentandtheunknownfuture.However,theyareconfidentthattheycanfinallyovercomedifficultieslikeIronMan.Confidencedoesnotcomefrompossessingextraordinaryabilities,butfromthebeliefinmasteringlife.Becauseoftheiruniquehistoryandculture,Americansareoptimisticandconfidentenough.Theyneverquestiontheir"HeroDream".Foralongtime,Americanconfidencehasmanifestedinallaspects.Intheareasofscientificandtechnologicalinnovation,educationalreform,politicalspeech,artandcultureandsoon,theyallpursuepersonalconfidenceandequality.TheAcceptanceAestheticsoftheIronManSeries(马哲,2018(04):129)saidthatthesuccessofIronManliesinthefactthatthemoviecreatesathree-dimensionalIronManwithdistinctadvantagesanddisadvantages,andtheaudiencecanclearlyseehisgrowthandtransformation.Heroesarenotborn,butcreated.Suchaself-confidentherowith"blemishes"isimperfect,butmorerealandfullofhumanity.Intheprocessofgrowth,peoplecanhaveanxiety.Nevertheless,intheend,theymustbreakthroughdifficultieswithconfidence.ThisisthecommonbeliefoftheAmericanpeople,thatGodblessesAmerica,anditisalsotheembodimentofindividualheroisminHollywoodmovies.2.2Self-redeemingandSavingOthersAsmentionedinOntheIndividualHeroismofAmericanCulturefromtheIronManSeries(张文婷,李元元,2016(10):33),itiswellknownthatChristiancultureisdeeplyrootedinEuropeanandAmericancountriesandhasavitalimpactinallaspects,whichisanindispensablepartoftheAmericanspirit.Therefore,individualheroisminAmericanculturealsohasthespiritofself-redeemingandsavingothers.Heroessavetheworldandsaveothersintheiractionsagainandagain,whichisaprocessofspiritualsublimation,self-redemptionandself-transcendence.Intheirjourney,tosaveothersistosaveoneself,andthespiritofredemptionenrichesone'ssoul,bringshopetoothersandbringslighttothemselves.CaptainAmerica,anotherpopularhero,toldTony,"theonlythingyoureallyfightforisyourself.Youarenottheguytomakethesacrificeplay,toliedownonawireandlettheotherguycrawloveryou."However,thisspiritofself-redemptionandsavingothersisespeciallyprominentintheIronManSeries.InIronMan1,Tonydidnotsuccumbtoterrorists,preferringtoendureabuseratherthanbuildmissilesforterrorists.Afterbeinghijackedbyterrorists,hefoundthatthearmsproducedbyhisStarkindustryhadbroughttoomuchdisastertotheworld,andhiscompassionhadledhimtodeclareclosure.

Sohekeptperfectinghisarmor.WhenPottsfoundout,hereplied,"thereisnothingexceptthis.Thereisnoartopening.Thereisnobenefit.Thereisnothingtosign.Thereisthenextmissionandnothingelse...Ishouldnotbealive,unlessitwasforareason."Tonyalwaysdoesnotforgettorescueothersinthemostcriticalmoments.InIronMan3,thepresident'splanewasblownupbyvillainsandthecrewfellofftheplane.Tonypickedupallthecrewonebyoneintheair,andrescuedeveryoneintheair.AndinAvengers4,hechosetogiveupthepeacefullifehelatergotinordertofulfillthehappinessofmorepeople.InmanyAmericanheroicmovies,thehero'sdestinyistosacrificeorretire.Sacrificingthemselvestosaveothersandfulfilltheoverallsituationseemstobeakindofself-redemptionofthehero,butitisalsoasublimationofthehero'simage.Thegrowthofaheroisthetransformationof"humannature"to"divinenature."Intheend,eventhoughIronManisdead,thecharacterizationofthecharactermakeshimgrow,soIronManisstillreunitedintheendofthecharacter.Tonyrealizedthetransformationfromself-rescuetorescueothers,andrealizedself-worth,whichisalsoaprominentfeatureofAmericanindividualheroism.2.3IndividualHeroismandCollectiveHeroismWiththechangesofthetime,aswellastheunderstandingandintegrationofforeigncultures,Americancultureandvaluesarealsochanging,sothepersonalityofthesuperherocharactersinthestoryisalsograduallychanging.InIronMan1,Tonycallsthemanwhosavedhimagoodassistant.HetoldColonelRodaythathissuitisnotforthemilitary.Whenmakingarmor,hesaid“actually,Idon'tknowwhototrustrightnow.Idon'twantthiswindingupinthewronghands.Maybeinmine,itcanactuallydosomegood.”However,inIronMan2,Tonyisnolongeralone,buthaspartnersandcooperateswiththegovernmentmilitary,andevenestablishedthe"IronArmy".EspeciallyintheAvengersSeries,thecollectionofheroesissoinspiring.Thisisasifindividualheroismisleaningtowardscollectiveheroism.However,infact,thetwoaremergingwitheachother.ThearticleTheCharacteristicsandEvolutionofAmericanIndividualHeroismfromIronMan(张志豪,程殿梅,2018(06):58)pointsoutthereasonsforthisphenomenon.Oneistheperformanceofthecollision,exchangeandintegrationofChinesecultureandAmericancultureintheeraofglobalization.TheUnitedStates,whichhasalwaysadvocatedindividualindependenceandfreedom,isalsoalignedwiththespiritofcollectivismintheEast.Itisalsogoodataccommodatingandabsorbingtheculturesofallnationsandcountriesintheworld,anditrecognizesmulticulturalism.Inthisintegration,heroesdonothavetochangethemselvesexcessively,butshowtheirindividualityinthecollective,andeachcharacterhasself-worth.IntheAvengersSeries,IronManhasmentionedtheconceptof"weareateam"severaltimes.However,theformationofthisteamspiritdoesnotrequireeachsuperheromembertosacrificethemselves.Onthecontrary,theyshowtheirpersonalityandperformancetoshowthecharmofthisteam.Nomatterwhichcountry'sculturetheylearnfrom,AmericanfilmscanalwaysskillfullyimplantAmericanculturalvaluesintoit,andcompletethegrafting,transformationandabsorptionofothercountries'cultures,sothatAmericanfilmscanpresentastrongaffinity,rapiddisseminationandbroadinfluence.Therefore,evenifthecollectiveheroismofChinaisintegrated,theUnitedStatescanperfectlydisplayitsindividualheroism.Andduringtheintegration，thiskindofcollisionbetweenheroeshighlightsthepersonalityofheroesandisoneofthecharacteristicsofAmericanindividualheroism.

TheReasonsforIndividualHeroismintheIronManSeriesIndividualheroismisnotanabstractandrootlessexistence.Itneedstobeinoculatedwithaspecifichistory,differentculturalbackgroundstoshapeheroes.Individualheroismmainlystemsfrompeople'sreflectiononthelivingenvironmentandcultureofthetime.Coupledwithsomepersonalvaluesandcharacteristics,andthenindividualheroismisdisplayedonacertainperson.Thispersonisahero.Theimageoftheherogivespeoplespiritualcomfort.AndHollywoodmoviesshowtheseheroestotheaudiencethroughtheirmovies.Hollywoodmoviesareunderaspeciallikingforindividualheroism,behindwhichhasitsdeephistoricalbackgroundandculturalaccumulation.However,becauseoftheparticularityofhistoryandculture,theperformanceofindividualheroismvariesfromcountrytocountryandregiontoregion.3.1HistoricalFactorAmericanindividualheroismiscloselylinkedtothehistoricaldevelopmentoftheUnitedStates.Fromitssource,Americanhistoryaccumulatedbythestruggleofcountlessindividuals.Inthe17thcentury,EuropeanexplorersandPuritanssetfootontheNorthAmerican.Theywereeagertoestablishanewcountryoffreedomandequality.ThentheirvaluesgraduallygavebirthtoAmericanindividualheroism.Fromtheendofthe18thcenturytotheendofthe19thcentury,thiswasthemostimportantperiodoftheWestwardMovementinmodernAmericanhistory.ThismovementtransformedtheUnitedStatesfromcommercialcapitalismtoindustrialcapitalism.ItnotonlyfurtherstrengthenedthedemocraticconsciousnessofAmericansinpoliticsandsociety,butalsodevelopedtheircourageandadventurousspirit,andstrengthenedt