高一下学期开学收心卷02（英语）

20232024学年高一下学期开学收心卷02英语总分：150分考试时间：120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应项目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)1.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Thebikeprice. B.Abikerace. C.Theman’sbike.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wow!Yourdaddidagreatjob!Hemadetheoldestbikeintownlooknew.Peoplemaythinkyourbikeismoreexpensivethanmine.M:Youknowitgoesfasterthanyourbikenow.W:Idon’tthinkso.Let’sraceandsee.2.Whyhasthewomanmovedtheboy’sseat?A.Hetalkstoomuch.B.Hehastroubleinlistening.C.Shewantstoseehimbetter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Mrs.Sophie?Whyhasmyseatbeenmovedtothefrontrow?Everyoneelseissittingintheiroriginalseats.W:Ifyouchoosetotalkinclassinsteadoflistening,yourseatwillbemovedclosertomesoIcanseeyoubetter.3.Whendidthemangethisniece’scall?A.At6:05. B.At6:00. C.At5:45.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Maria,Ineedtomeetmynieceattherailwaystationat6:20.Shecalledmeaquarterago.Ijusthadanemergencymeeting.W:Oh,it’s6:00now.20minutetogo.M:Thatisenough.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkismostneededtosucceed?A.Effort. B.Luck. C.Talent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Robert,whichdoyouthinkyouneedmoreof,luck,talentorefforttosucceedinthearts?M:Inmyopinion,youneedtheopportunitytosucceedandnoteveryonegetstherightopportunityevenifthey’rereallytalentedanddevoted.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inashop. C.Inarestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Nowyoucanbegintakingtheplatestothecustomers.Well,don’tcarrytoomanyplates.Youmaydropthem.W:Oh,Iwon’t.I’veneverdroppedplatesinmylife.M:Youcan’tbetoocareful.W:Well,I’lltrymybest.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A.Workatahotel. B.Repairhishouse. C.Teachacourse.7.Howwillthemanusethemoney?A.Tohireagardener. B.Tobuysomeflowers. C.Tobuybooks.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:GuesswhatI’llbedoingthissummer?W:What?M:I’mgoingtoworkattheChurchillHotel.W:Whatexactlywillyoubedoingthere?M:Let’ssee.I’llbedoingsomesmallrepairsinsideandoutsidethehotel.I’llbecuttinggrassandtakingcareoftheflowers.W:Soundsinteresting.What’sthepay?M:Well,uh...abouttwentydollarsperhour,fivehoursaday,andSundayfree.W:That’sgoodmoney.Whatareyougoingtodowithit?M:I’llpayforthetextbooksfornextsemester.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisthewomanremendingtotheman?A.Abook. B.Aclub. C.Acourse.9.Whatisthewomanreadingnow?A.TheBeautifulMind. B.TheKiteRunner. C.TheGreatGatsby.10.Howmuchtimedoesthemanhavetoreadthebook?A.Abouttwoweeks. B.Aboutthreeweeks. C.Aboutonemonth.【答案】8.B9.B10.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,John?CanItalktoyouforaminute?M:Sure.What’sup?W:IwanttoletyouknowaboutabookclubIjoinedmonthsago.Iknowyoudoalotofreading,soIthoughtyoumightwanttoewithmenextmonth.M:Oh!Thatsoundslikefun.Whendoesthegroupmeet?W:UsuallythelastSaturdayofthemonth,at7:30intheevening.Isthattoolateforyou?M:No,Ithinkthat’sokay.Whatdoyoutalkaboutinthegroup?W:Well.Everymonthwechooseanewbook,andthenduringthenextmeetingwediscussit.M:Whatbookshaveyouread?W:Quitealot.RecentlywehavereadTheBeautifulMindandTheGreatGatsby.NowwearereadingTheKiteRunner.M:TheKiteRunner?I’veheardthat’sagoodbook.What’sitabout?W:It’sabouttwoboywhogrowupinAfghanistaninthe1980sandhowtheirfriendshipshapestherestoftheirlives.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.I’dlovetoe.W:Great!Thenextmeetingwillbeheldinhalfamonth,soyoustillhavetimetoreadthebook.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Howdidthemanlearnabouttheapartment?A.Inthenewspaper. B.Fromhisfriend. C.ThroughtheInternet.12.Whatiscoveredintherent?A.Gas. B.Electricity. C.Water.13.Whencanthemanmovein?A.OnThursday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam.MyfriendsawtheinformationinthenewspaperthatyoumighthaveaspareapartmentandtoldmeonFriday.W:Yes,Ihaveaspareapartmentforrent.M:WoulditbeOKtolookatitnow?W:OK.einplease.M:Emm…Thisapartmentlooksniceandquitenew.Thelivingroomisreallylarge.W:It’sfortysquaremeters.M:HowmuchshouldIpay?W:$800amonth.M:Whatareincluded?W:Onlygasisincluded.Youhavetopayfortheelectricityandwater.M:Er,canyoucutdownalittle?I’vesearchedalotontheInternet,andtherewasn’tsomuchhighrent.W:Asyoucansee,theapartmenthasrecentlybeenredecoratedandpletelyfurnished.M:Well,that’sit.WhencanImovein?W:Letmesee.TodayisWednesday.Inthreedaysifyoulike.M:That’sgreat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whydidthewomanfailtocatchthebus?A.Shewaslate.B.Thebusleftearlierthanusual.C.Shewantedtowalkhome.15.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Thewoman’ssafety.B.Thepublictransportation.C.Thedangerousneighborhood.16.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodointheend?A.Buyacar.B.Callthenewspaper.C.plaintothelocalgovernment.【答案】14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Whydidyougethomesolate,Enya?Iwasworriedsick!W:Ihadeverythingtimedperfectly.Isatinthecoffeeshop,waitingforBus35.Itissupposedtoleaveat4:45sharp.ItakeiteverydayatthattimebecauseitarrivesattheWaterlooStationjustintimeformetocatchBus15.M:Andyoulosttrackoftime,didn’tyou?W:No,Ken,notthistime.Iwasatthebusstopontime,andIwaspickingupmybagandgettingtomyfeetat4:35.Iwastwofeetfromthebuswhenitsuddenlyleft!M:Tenminutesearly?W:Yes.So,Ihadtowaitthirtyminutesforthenextbus.Bythen,therewerenomorebusesleavingfromWaterloo.M:Howdidyougethere,then?W:Iwalked.Canyouimagine—me,ayoungwoman,walkinginthedarkforanhourbyalone?M:Andinthisneighborhood!Nexttime,pleasecallme.Thatwassodangerous.W:Iknow.I’mluckytobealive.What’swrongwiththepublictransportationinthiscity?Don’ttheycareaboutpeoplewhocan’taffordcars?M:Weshouldwritealettertoourlocalofficials.W:Andthenewspaper!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Coolingfans. B.Airconditioning. C.Roomdesign.18.Whichcountrymighthaveinventedthefirstcoolingdevice?A.Egypt. B.Rome. C.China.19.Whichcoolingmethodhasthelongesthistory?A.Wetplants. B.Coldwater. C.Handfans.20.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aradioprogramme. B.Aculturemagazine. C.Ahistorybook.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Thedesiretostaycoolis,ofcourse,nothingnew.TheancientEgyptiansandRomansemployedvarioustechniquestocooldowntheirbuildingsfromtheoutsideheat.SomepeoplehaveevenclaimedthatthefirstairconditioningdevicewasinventedinancientEgypt.TheancientEgyptianswouldhangwetplantsoutsidetheirwindows,andwhentheaircameintothehouse,itwouldbecooledbythecoolwaterdropsontheplants.TheRomansunderstoodthatiftheycouldbringcoldwaterundertheirhouses,thenthetemperatureinsidewouldfall.Andifwereallystretchthemeaningofthephrase“airconditioning”,thenhandfanshavebeenusedsincetheverybeginningofthehistory.Peoplerealizedthattheycouldmoveairbywavingsomethinganditwouldcoolthemdownforawhile.TheChineseinventorDingHuanwentastepfurtherinthesecondcenturyandinventedafanthatcouldgoaround,similartofanswemightseetoday,althoughitwaspoweredbyservants.That’sallfortoday.Pleasestaytunedformoreupdates.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分42.5分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A江苏省常州市联盟学校20232024学年高一上学期12月学情调研英语试卷Help?TeenLineIsHere•CALL800—852—8336Nationwide(6PM—10PM)•TEXTTEENto839863(6PM—9PM)•EMAILUSatAreyouateenlookingforhelp?Openinguptosomeonecanbescary.Talkingaboutwhatyou’redealingwithisoftenhard,butatTeenLinewedoeverythingwecantomakeitaseasyaspossibleforyou.Ouronlygoalistohelpyouinwhateverwaywecan.Noissueistoobigortoosmall.Weareheretoprovidehopeandsupportifyouarestruggling.Weareheretohelp!WhattoexpectwhenyoucallortextTeenLine?WhenyoucallortextTeenLine,anotherteenwillbetheretolisten,understand,andansweryourquestions.Manyofourcallersaretalkingtosomeoneaboutwhatthey’regoingthroughforthefirsttime.Ourteenlistenersareawareofthatandtrytomakeyouasfortableaspossible.WhenyoucallortextTeenLine,wewon’tjudgeyouortellyouwhattodo.Wewilllistentoyouandworkwithyoutofindawaytoimproveyoursituation.Whoisgoingtoansweryourcallortext?Ourvolunteers,whoarehighschoolstudentsfromLosAngeles,California,willansweryourcall.Ourvolunteers—whowecall“Listeners”—receiveover100hoursoftrainingfrommentalhealthprofessionalssothattheycanrespondandunderstandtheneedsoftheteensreachingout.Whattopicscanyoudiscusswithus?OurListenersarereadytotalkaboutanythingyouaregoingthrough.Themostmontopicsteensreachoutaboutarerelationships,anxiety,depressionandloneliness.21.WhenisTeenLineavailablebothformakingacallandsendingamessage?A.At9:00AM. B.At9:30PM. C.At7:45PM. D.At11:00PM.22.WhatwillTeenLinedoiftheyreceiveacall?A.Theywilltellthecallerwhattododirectly. B.Theywillonlylistentothecaller.C.Theywillturntoprofessionalsforhelp. D.Theywillworkwiththecallertosolvetheproblem.23.Whoarethe“Listeners”?A.Welltrainedvolunteers. B.CollegestudentsinCalifornia.C.Mentalhealthprofessionals. D.Teenagerswiththesameissues.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了该网站提供给青少年求助的方式和具体内容。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“•CALL800—852—8336Nationwide(6PM—10PM)(•全国8008528336(下午6点至晚上10点))”和“•TEXTTEENto839863(6PM—9PM)(•文本TEEN至839863(下午6点至晚上9点))”可知，可供打的时间段为晚上6点—10点，发短信的时间段为晚上6点—9点，所以选项中仅有C项同时符合两个时间段，故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第二个小标题下的第二段“WhenyoucallortextTeenLine,wewon’tjudgeyouortellyouwhattodo.Wewilllistentoyouandworkwithyoutofindawaytoimproveyoursituation.(当你给‘青少年求助热线’打或发短信时，我们不会评判你或告诉你该怎么做。我们会倾听你的心声，与你一起寻找改善现状的方法。)”可知，“青少年求助热线”接到后会和你一起想办法解决问题，故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三个小标题下的第一段“Ourvolunteers—whowecall“Listeners”—receiveover100hoursoftrainingfrommentalhealthprofessionalssothattheycanrespondandunderstandtheneedsoftheteensreachingout.(我们的志愿者——我们称之为“倾听者”——从心理健康专家那里接受了100多个小时的培训，这样他们就能回应并理解青少年的需求。)”可知，“倾听者”指的是训练有素的志愿者。故选A项。B(江苏省苏州第一中学20232024学年高一上学期1月自主学习能力检测英语试题)Oneman’strashisanotherman’streasure,andthisisexactlythecaseinTurkeywheregarbagecollectorsstartedcollectingabandonedbooksandendedupopeningalibrary.ItstartedwhengarbagemanDursonIpekfoundabagofabandonedbookswhenhewasworkingandthenitsnowballedfromthere.Ipekandothergarbagemenstartedgatheringthebookstheyfoundonthestreetsthatwerereadyforlandfills(垃圾填埋场)andastheircollectionstartedtogrow,sodidwordofmouth.Soon,localresidentsstarteddonatingbooksdirectly.Atfirstthelibrarywasonlyaccessibletothegarbageemployeesandtheirfamiliesbutasthecollectiongrew,sodidpublicinterestandthelibrarywasopenedtothepublicin2017.“Ontheonehand,therewerethosewhowereleavingthesebooksonthestreets.Ontheotherhand,otherswerelookingforthesebooks,”AnkayamayorAlperTasdelentoldCNN.“Westartedtodiscusstheideaofcreatingalibraryfromthesebooksandwitheveryone’ssupport,theprojectbecameareality.”Allthebooksthatarefoundarecarefullysortedandcheckedforcondition.Ifthey’reuptostandard,they’llgoontotheshelves.Today,thelibraryhasover6,000booksthatrangefromfictiontononfictionandthere’saverypopularchildren’ssectionthatevenhasacollectionoficbooks.Additionally,thereisasectionspeciallysetasideforbooktypesofscientificresearchandbooksthereareavailableinbothEnglishandFrench.Thecollectionhasgrownsolargethatthelibrarylendsbookstoschoolsandeducationalprograms.“VillageschoolteachersfromalloverTurkeyarerequestingbooks,”TasdelentoldCNN.Thegovernmenthastohireafulltimeemployeetomanagethelibrary.Thislibraryisincrediblypopular.Itisfrequentlyfilledwiththechildrenofthecity’sworkersandstudentsfromnearbyschools.Thereisawaitingroomsetupforreadersandchessboardsforthepeoplewhovisitthelibrary.Youcanevenenjoyacupofteainthewaitingroom.24.Howdidthelibraryattractpublicinterestandsupport?A.Byofferingfreeteaforvisitors.B.Byorganizingchessmatches.C.Throughwordofmouthandbookdonations.D.Bycooperatingwithnearbyschools.25.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutthelibrary?A.Itsgreatpopularity. B.Itspotentialimportance.C.Itshugecollectionofbooks. D.Itswidevarietyofreaders.26.Whydidthegovernmenthireafulltimeemployee?A.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofrecycling.B.Toclassifyandcheckthedonatedbooks.C.Toexpandthesocialinfluenceofthelibrary.D.Tomeetthehugedemandfromruralteachers.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelibraryfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sanexcellentplacetoenjoytea. B.It’scrowdedwithreaderseveryday.C.Itneedstoimproveitsmanagement. D.Itprovidesaveryconsiderateservice.【答案】24.C25.C26.D27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了垃圾收集者收集丢弃书籍并建造了一家图书馆的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Ipekandothergarbagemenstartedgatheringthebookstheyfoundonthestreetsthatwerereadyforlandfills(垃圾填埋场)andastheircollectionstartedtogrow,sodidwordofmouth.Soon,localresidentsstarteddonatingbooksdirectly.(Ipek和其他垃圾处理工开始收集他们在街上发现的准备填埋的书籍，随着他们的收集量开始增加，口碑也开始增加。很快，当地居民开始直接捐书。)”可知，该图书馆通过口碑和图书捐赠吸引公众的兴趣和支持。故选C项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Allthebooksthatarefoundarecarefullysortedandcheckedforcondition.Ifthey’reuptostandard,they’llgoontotheshelves.Today,thelibraryhasover6,000booksthatrangefromfictiontononfictionandthere’saverypopularchildren’ssectionthatevenhasacollectionoficbooks.Additionally,thereisasectionspeciallysetasideforbooktypesofscientificresearchandbooksthereareavailableinbothEnglishandFrench.Thecollectionhasgrownsolargethatthelibrarylendsbookstoschoolsandeducationalprograms.(所有找到的书都经过仔细的分类和检查。如果它们达到标准，就会上架。如今，图书馆有6000多本书，从小说到非小说，还有一个非常受欢迎的儿童区，甚至收藏了漫画书。此外，还有一个专门为科学研究书籍类型留出的部分，那里有英文和法文两种版本的书籍。藏书越来越多，以至于图书馆把书借给学校和教育项目。)”可知，第四段主要介绍了该图书馆收藏了大量的书籍。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“‘VillageschoolteachersfromalloverTurkeyarerequestingbooks,’TasdelentoldCNN.Thegovernmenthastohireafulltimeemployeetomanagethelibrary.(Tasdelen告诉CNN：‘来自土耳其各地的乡村学校老师都在索要书籍。’政府必须雇用一名全职雇员来管理图书馆)”可推知，乡村学校的教师经常会前往图书馆借书，因此，政府不得不雇用一位全职员工来管理图书馆，以满足教师对书籍的需求。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thereisawaitingroomsetupforreadersandchessboardsforthepeoplewhovisitthelibrary.Youcanevenenjoyacupofteainthewaitingroom.(图书馆为读者设置了一个候诊室，为参观图书馆的人设置了棋盘。你甚至可以在等候室喝杯茶)”可推知，该图书馆为读者提供了非常周到的服务。故选D项。C(福建省三明市五校联考20232024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题)Tiredofyourquietdaytodaylife?Howaboutleavingyourputergamesbehindandtakingupanextremesport?Youcanrideabicycle,right?Inthatcaseyou’rehalfwaytobeingamountainbiker.Allyouhavetodoistakeyourbikeofftheroadandtrysomehillyareas.MountainbikingwasdevelopedinCaliforniainthe1970sandbecameanOlympicsportin1996.Notchallengingenough?Skydiversjumpfromplanesataheightof1,000to4,000meters.Youhavetobefitbutthere’snoagelimitwiththissport.Forexample,DilysPricefromCardiffwentonherfirstjumpaged54.Theminuteshecamedown,shewantedtogoupagain.Shesaid:“Itwassoattractive”.Someadventureshaveinventedbasejumping,inwhichpeoplejumpfromtallstructures,suchasbuildingsorbridges,withaparachute.Manyoftheirjumpsaren’tlegal,especiallyinthecities.DanWitchallshasjumpedoffTheShard—London’s310meterhighbuildingfourtimes.Hesays,“Basejumpingisscarierthanjumpingoutofaplane.Inaplanethereisnosenseofheight,butwhenyouarestandingontheedgeofthebuildingyoucanseepeopleandcars,theexperiencemakesitveryreal.”Itseemsthere’snoshortageofimaginationwhenitestoriskinglifetolookcoolandgettheheartbeatingwildly.Surfing,diving,rockclimbing...Andhowaboutextremeironing?Thatis,pressingyourclothesontopofamountain!Extremeironingissaidtohavebeencreatedinthe1990sinEnglandbyamanwhosawalargeamountofwrinkledclothesandfeltboredwhendoingtheclothironing.ThatmanwasPhilShaw.Forhim,theexcitementofthissportesfromlookingattheviewers’faces.Shawsays,“Sometimestheylookconfused;sometimestheylaugh.It’sfuntoseehowpeoplereacttoit.”28.What

does

the

author

think

about

mountain

biking?A.A

bit

boring. B.Challenging

indeed.C.Great

fun. D.Not

very

hard.29.What

does

the

author

want

to

show

with

the

example

in

paragraph3?A.Skydivers

have

to

be

very

healthy. B.Skydiving

is

not

challenging

enough.C.Elderly

people

can

also

take

up

skydiving. D.People

can

easily

bee

crazy

about

skydiving.30.What

does

the

underlined

word

“it”

in

paragraph

4

refer

to?A.The

sense

of

height. B.Base

jumping

experience.C.The

edge

of

the

building. D.Jumping

out

of

a

plane.31.Why

did

Phil

Shaw

invent

extreme

ironing?A.He

liked

ironing

clothes. B.He

wanted

to

make

clothes

ironing

more

fun.C.He

enjoyed

different

looks

on

people's

faces. D.He

had

a

good

view

standing

on

top

of

a

mountain.【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些极限运动，有山地自行车、跳伞、定点跳伞和富有想象力的极限熨衣。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Allyouhavetodoistakeyourbikeofftheroadandtrysomehillyareas.(你所要做的就是把你的自行车从公路上移开，去一些丘陵地区试试)以及第三段中“Notchallengingenough?(不够有挑战性？)”可推知，作者认为山地自行车不是很难。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Youhavetobefitbutthere’snoagelimitwiththissport.Forexample,DilysPricefromCardiffwentonherfirstjumpaged54.(这项运动没有年龄限制，但是你必须健康。例如，来自加的夫的DilysPrice在54岁时进行了第一次跳伞)”可推知，作者想用第三段的例子来说明老年人也可以参加跳伞活动。故选C。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Inaplanethereisnosenseofheight,butwhenyouarestandingontheedgeofthebuildingyoucanseepeopleandcars,theexperiencemakes”可知在飞机上并没有高度感，但当你站在建筑物的边缘，你可以看到人和汽车，这种体验让高度感变得非常真实。故it指的是“高度感”。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Extremeironingissaidtohavebeencreatedinthe1990sinEnglandbyamanwhosawalargeamountofwrinkledclothesandfeltboredwhendoingtheclothironing.(“极限熨衣”据说是20世纪90年代英国的一位男士发明的，他看到很多起皱的衣服，觉得熨烫衣服很无聊)”可推知，PhilShaw发明了“极限熨衣”是因为他想让熨衣服更有趣。故选B。D(山东省百师联盟20232024学年高一上学期12月考试英语试题)Childrenwhosemindswander(走神)mighthavesharperbrains,aresearchsuggests.Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplewholettheirmindswandereasilyhavemore“workingmemory”,givingthemtheabilitytoholdalotofinformationintheirheadsandcontrolitcleverly.Childrenatschoolneedthistypeofmemoryonadailybasisforavarietyoftaskssuchasfollowingteachers’instructionsorrememberingdictatedsentences.Duringthestudy,volunteerswereaskedtoperformonesimpletaskduringwhichresearcherskeptaskingiftheirmindswerewandering.Intheend,volunteersmeasuredtheirworkingmemorycapacity(容量)bytheirabilitytorememberaseriesoflettersmixedwithsimplemathsquestions.DanielLevinson,aprofessorattheUniversityofWisconsinMadisonintheUnitedStates,saidthatthosewithhigherworkingmemorycapacityreported“moremindwanderingduringthesesimpletasks”,buttheirperformancedidnotdeteriorate.Theresults,publishedonlineinthejournalPsychologicalScience,appeartomakesurethattheformerresearchfoundworkingmemoryallowshumanstodealwithmanythoughtsatthesametime.DrJonathanSmallwood,oftheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitiveandBrainScienceinLeipzig,Germany,said,“Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthat,whenthetasksaren’tverydifficult,peoplewithadditionalworkingmemorycapacityusethemeffectivelytothinkaboutotherthingsbesideswhatthey’redoing.”Workingmemorycapacityisalsoconnectedwithgeneralmeasuresofintelligence,suchasreadingprehensionandIQscores.DrSmallwoodadded,“Ourresultssuggestthesortsofplanningthatpeopledoquiteoftenindailylife—whentheyareonthebus,whentheyarecyclingtowork,whentheyareintheshower—areprobablysupportedbyworkingmemory.”32.Whatdidtheresearchersaskthevolunteerstododuringthestudy?A.solvesomedifficultmathsproblemsB.retellsomedictatedsentencesC.followtheteacher’sinstructionsD.carryoutonesimpletask33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deteriorate”inthefourthparagraphprobablymean?A.beeworse B.beebetterC.improvequickly D.improvegradually34.Accordingtothestudy,workingmemory________.A.preventspeoplefromrememberingdictatedsentencesB.causespeople’smindstowandermoreeasilyC.allowspeopletoconsidermorethingsatthesametimeD.leadstopeople’sworseperformanceduringwork35.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtheworkingmemoryworksinthedailylife.B.Wanderingmindsmighthavebrighterbrains.C.Whypeople’smindswanderwhileworking.D.Workingabilitycanbeimprovedbywanderingminds.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文旨在介绍一项研究结果：走神的孩子可能更聪明。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Duringthestudy,volunteerswereaskedtoperformonesimpletaskduringwhichresearcherskeptaskingiftheirmindswerewandering.”(在研究过程中，志愿者被要求执行一项简单的任务，在此期间，研究人员不断询问他们是否走神。)可知，在研究期间志愿者被要求执行一项简单任务。故选D项。【33题详解】词句猜测题。划线词所在句“thosewithhigherworkingmemorycapacityreported‘moremindwanderingduringthesesimpletasks’,buttheirperformancedidnotdeteriorate.”(那些工作记忆能力较强的人报告“在完成这些简单任务时更容易走神”，但他们的表现并没有deteriorate)讲“工作记忆能力较强的人更容易走神”，结合句中“buttheirperformance...”可推知，前后句意有转折关系，尽管他们容易走神，但表现不会差。结合选项，划线词deteriorate与beeworse意思相近，意为“变差”。故选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段专家所言“Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthat,whenthetasksaren’tverydifficult,peoplewithadditionalworkingmemorycapacityusethemeffectivelytothinkaboutotherthingsbesideswhatthey’redoing.”(这项研究似乎表明，当任务不是很困难时，有额外工作记忆能力的人会有效地利用这些能力来思考他们正在做的事情之外的其他事情。)可知，工作记忆能让人同时做几件事情。故选C项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Childrenwhosemindswander(走神)mighthavesharperbrains,aresearchsuggests.”(一项研究表明，走神、开小差的孩子可能有更敏锐的大脑。)可知，本文主要介绍了走神的人可能有更聪明的头脑这一现象。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(山东多地联考20232024学年高一上学期模拟选课走班调考英语试题)Doyouknowthatabout71percentofourplanetiscoveredbytheocean(海洋)?__36___.PeoplearoundtheworldwearbluetocelebrateWorldOceansDayon8Juneeveryyear.WorldOceansDayisaspecialdayforlearningaboutoceans,includingwhythey’reindangerandhowessentialitistoprotectthem.Withoutoceans,lifecouldn’texist.Scientistsdon’tknowtheexactnumber,buttheythinkthatoceansarehometo50percentto80percentofallspeciesonEarth,fromlargewhalestotinyplankton.Oceansabsorbcarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen(氧气).___37___.Humansusetheoceaninmanydifferentways.Lotsofourfoodesfromoceans.__38___.Besidesgettingoilandgasfrombeneaththeoceanfloor,wecanproduceelectricityusingthepowerofwaves.Weevenrelyonsubmarinecablesforinternationalmunication.___39___,butsadlytheyareindanger.You’veheardofplasticpollution.Billionsofpiecesofplasticarefloatingaroundinouroceans,harmingandkillingseacreatures.It’salsodangerousforourhealthtoo,becausefisheatthetinypiecesofplasticandthenhumanseatthefish.ForWorldOceansDay,youcanusesocialmediaplatformstoshareposts,photosorvideosshowinghowimportantoceansareandwhyweneedtoprotectthem.___40___.Rememberthateverydaywecanmakeadifferencebyusinglessplasticandrecycling,andtalkingtoothersaboutprotectingourpreciousoceans.A.TherearefiveoceansonEarthB.YoucanalsowatchoceanrelatedfilmsC.That’swhywecallEarththe“BluePlanet”D.OuroceansplayanimportantpartinourlivesE.OceansalsoprovideuswithmuchofourenergyF.WorldOceansDayisatimetoknowaboutthefishintheoceanG.Halftheoxygenwebreatheesfromtheplantsintheocean【答案】36.C37.G38.E39.D40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋在人类生活中的重要作用，号召人们保护海洋。【36题详解】上文“Doyouknowthatabout71percentofourplanetiscoveredbytheocean(海洋)?(你知道地球上71%的面积被海洋覆盖吗?)”说明地球大部分被海洋覆盖，选项C“这就是为什么我们称地球为‘蓝色星球’。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，因此地球被称为“蓝色星球”，引领下文“PeoplearoundtheworldwearbluetocelebrateWorldOceansDayon8Juneeveryyear.(每年6月8日，世界各地的人们都穿蓝色衣服庆祝世界海洋日。)”。选项中blue和下文中词汇重叠，语义一致，故选C项。【37题详解】上文“Oceansabsorbcarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen(氧气).(海洋吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。)”说明海洋释放氧气，选项G“我们呼吸的氧气有一半来自海洋中的植物”承接上文，说明我们呼吸的氧气一半来自海洋。选项中oxygen和上文词汇重叠，故选G项。【38题详解】下文“Besidesgettingoilandgasfrombeneaththeoceanfloor,wecanproduceelectricityusingthepowerofwaves.(除了从海底开采石油和天然气外，我们还可以利用海浪的力量发电。)”说明海洋储藏了许多能源，选项E“海洋也为我们提供了很多能源”概括引领下文。选项中energy和下文中oilandgas等语义相关，故选E项。【39题详解】下文“butsadlytheyareindanger.(但不幸的是，它们正处于危险之中。)”转折语义，说明海洋正处于危险中，选项D“我们的海洋在我们的生活中起着重要的作用”总结文章主题，和下文存在转折关系，海洋如此重要，但是却正处于危险中。故选D项。【40题详解】上文“ForWorldOceansDay,youcanusesocialmediaplatformstoshareposts,photosorvideosshowinghowimportantoceansareandwhyweneedtoprotectthem.(在世界海洋日，你可以利用社交媒体平台分享帖子、照片或视频，展示海洋的重要性以及我们为什么需要保护海洋。)”说明我们可以利用社交媒体平台展示海洋，选项B“你也可以看与海洋有关的电影”和上文并列，说明我们也可以看有关电影去了解海洋。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(福建省三明市五校联考20232024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题)MysisterandIgrewupinalittlevillageinEngland.Ourfatherwasastruggling____41____,butIalwaysknewhewas____42____.Henevercriticizedus,butusedpraisetobringoutourbest.IrememberasachildIsaidsomething____43____aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,it’sareflectionofyou.”HeexplainedthatifIlookedforthebest____44____people,Iwouldgetthe____45____.Fromthenon,I’vealwaystriedto____46____theprincipleinmylifeandlaterinrunningmypany.Dad’salsoalwaysbeenvery____47____.At15,Istartedamagazine.Itwas____48____agreatdealofmytime,andtheheadmasterofmyschoolgavemea