山西省吕梁市孝义市高二上学期1月期末英语试题（原卷版）

吕梁市20232024学年高二第一学期期末调研测试英语试题（本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答案一律写在答题卡上）注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第Ⅰ卷选择题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Britain.B.Peru.C.Mexico.2.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.Playfootball.C.Replytoaninvitation3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofheroldroommate?A.Careful.B.Thoughtful.C.Selfish4.Whatshouldthecitydoaccordingtothewoman?A.Improvetheairquality.B.Createmorejobs.C.Closesomebusinesses.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweather.B.Theirdormitory.C.Theirdailyroutine.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomansuggestthemangethome?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bycar.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atabusstation.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8Whyisthemanatthesupermarkettoday?A.Tocarryoutasurvey.B.Todosomeshopping.C.Tomeettheowner.9.Whatchangedidtheownermaketothesupermarketlastyear?A.Themanager.B.Thename.C.Thelocation.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Returningatent.B.Borrowingatent.C.Packingatent.11.Whatisthewoman’smotivationforclimbing?A.Toimproveherfitness.B.Tohavefun.C.Togetclosetonature.12.Wherewillthespeakersclimbtogether?A.Inthewild.B.Atagym.C.Ataclimbingcenter.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutherideaoftheonlinebusiness?A.It’spractical.B.It’schallenging.C.It’sunique.14.Whywillthewomancontactartists?A.Toseetheirworks.B.Todobusinesswiththem.C.Tolookforinspiration.15.Whatwillthewomandoforlargeorders?A.Giveadiscount.B.Chargeasmallfee.C.Offerfreedelivery.16.Whatisspecialaboutthepackaging?A.It’sluxury.B.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.C.It’sofgoodquality.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wherearedrinksservedallday?A.Bytheswimmingpool.B.Inthediningroom.C.Inthecafe.18.Whatwillthelistenersprobablydoaround1p.m.?A.Goswimming.B.Havelunch.C.Attendaconference.19.Whatdoesthespeakerapologizefor?A.Thehightemperature.B.Theupdatedprogram.C.Thelatelunch.20.Whydoestheconferenceprogramhavetobechanged?A.Someroomsarebeingrepaired.B.Aspeakerisn’tabletogivehertalk.C.TheGeneralManagercan’te.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGoodReadsWeaskedTFKKidReporterstoreviewsomegreatbooksthatreadersmightenjoythisseason.Here’swhattheyhadtosay.OpieJonesTalkstoAnimalsThisnovelbyNatLuurtsematellsthestoryof10yearoldOpie,whocanreadanimals’minds.OpieisemployedtoatopsecretorganizationofmindreaderscalledtheResistance.WhenVarlingcapturesthemindreadersandtriestoturntheirschoolintoafactory,Opieputshermindreadingskillstoworktosavetheday.You’lllovethisbookifyouenjoyfantasyandadventure.——ByTFKKidReporterAbhijayPotlurTheLastMapmakerTheLastMapmaker,byChristinaSoontornvat,isfullofadventure,action,andmystery.Sai,aresourceful12yearoldgirl,worksforafamousmapmaker.Butshehasasecret:She’sthedaughterofaconman.Whenshegetsanopportunitytoearnmoremoneythanshe’severhad,shejumpsatthechanceforanewlife.SaijoinsanexpeditiontomaptheSunderlands,acontinentsaidtobehometodragons.Thisbook,nowinpaperback,isforadventureloverswhoseekanattractivestorythat’sfullofsurprises.——ByTFKKidReporterAlexaOhGossamerInhernovelGossamer,LoisLowryexploreshowdreamsandnightmaresetobe.Thebookfollowsseveralstorylinesinvolvingtinydreamgivingcreaturesandthehumanstheyaffect.LittlestOneisanewdreamgiver.FromherteacherThinElderly,shelearnshowtocollectpiecesofmemoriesandturnthemintodreams.Thesearegiventoanelderlywoman,atroubledboy,andayoungmother.AnyonewholovesimaginativetaleswillloveGossamer.AneweditionofthisbelovedbookisingoutinMarch.——ByTFKKidReporterBenSternCharacters&QuestsIfyou’reafanofDungeons&Dragons,you’llloveCharacters&Quests:AYoungAdventurer’sWorkbook,bySarraScherb.It’saninteractivebook.Readersdesigntheircharacter,pletewithaweaponandmagicalpowers.Bymakingaseriesofchoices,readersalsoshapetheirownstory.Creatingatitleforyouradventure,drawingyourcharacter,anddecidingwhotheevilwillbe—it’sallpartofthefun.Ifyouenjoyaction,fantasy,androleplayinggames,you’lldefinitelylovethisbook!——ByTFKKidReporterAudreyOwolo1.Whoisareaderofanimals’minds?A.LoisLowry B.ThinElderly C.Sai D.Opie2.Whichofthefollowingbooksexploresdreamsandnightmares?A.Gossamer B.Characters&QuestsC.OpieJonesTalkstoAnimals D.TheLastMapmaker3.WhatisthedifferencebetweenCharacters&Questsandtheotherbooks?A.Itisaboutagirlgoodatmapping. B.Itisaboutturningmemoriesintodreams.C.Itisaninteractivebookwithreaders. D.ItsneweditionwilleoutinMarch.BImagineDadandIarewatchingtheOlympicGamesinourmediaroomsomedayinthefuture.Thescreendropsdowntocoveronewall.WegiveourrobotSylviaourordersforpopcornandjuicefordinner.Sheisonlyamachinebutshelookslikeahumanandhelpswiththehousework.Wearehavingpopcornfordinnertonightbecausesomethingiswrongwithouroven(烤箱).Itisbrokenandkeepsonrepeatingthatitdoesn’trememberhowtocook.DadthinkstheshootingstarpassingbyEarthhascausedtheproblem.“Ididseeashootingstaryesterday,”Isaid,“Maybethat’swhyIhadtroublegettingSylviastartedthismorning.Sheturnedaroundandaround,hardlystoodwhenshetriedtotakeastep,andalmostfellbackwards.Shefinallystartedmovingtowardsme,butthensuddenlyturned,andwentbackwards.Ithoughtshewasgoingtoknockintoawall.Itwasluckythatshegotherbalanceintheendandsuccessfullystoodup.”Atlast,Sylviaarriveswithourpopcornanddrinks.IlookatthescreenandwatchtheOlympicGames.Sylviawatchesittoo.Dadgiveshercoinsasatip.Sylviathankshimforthecoinsandstartstoleavetheroom.Thensheturnsbacktowherewearesitting.Ihearsomeclickingsounds.Thesoundsmeanthatsheissearchinghermemorychipsforinformation.“DuringtheOlympicsIshouldgetmedals,notcoins,”shesays.DadandIjustlookateachother.Sylviadoesn’tseemtoknowthatrobotsaren’tsupposedtothink.ThenweburstoutlaughingandawardSylviaagoldmedal.4.FromParagraph3wecanlearn__________.A.Sylviaknockedintothewall. B.Sylviawaspossiblyoutoforder.C.Sylviawashitbyashootingstar. D.Sylviawouldn’tliketoworkforus.5WhydoesSylviaaskforamedalasatip?A.Becauseshehasgotenoughcoins. B.Becausesheworkshardfordinner.C.Becauseshewantstowatchthegame. D.Becauseshehaslearnedtothinkbymemorychips.6.HowdoDadandIfindSylvia’sperformance?A.Worrying. B.Annoying. C.Amazing. D.Frightening.7.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Anextraordinarytipforarobot B.OurunexpectedlifeinthefutureC.Therobot—animportanthelper D.ThefunctionofrobotslikehumansC“Strawsmadefromplantbasedmaterials,suchaspaperandbamboo,areoftenadvertisedasbeingmoresustainableandecofriendlythanthosemadefromplastic,”saysresearcherDr.ThimoGroffen,anenvironmentalscientistattheUniversityofAntwerp.“However,thepresenceofPFASinthesestrawsmeansthatcouldbediscredited.”PFASchemicals,knownfortheirlongevity(持久)andpotentialharm,canaffecthumans,wildlifeandtheenvironment.Theybiodegrade(生物降解)veryslowlyovertimeandcanexistoverthousandsofyearsintheenvironment,whichhasledtothembeingknownas“foreverchemicals”.Theyarelinkedtovarioushealthissues.Furthermore,thesechemicalsareusedineverydayitemstomakethemwaterproofandheatresistant.Foramoreindepthanalysis,theresearchteampurchased39differentbrandsofdrinkingstrawsmadefromfivematerials—paper,bamboo,glass,stainlesssteelandplastic,andthenconductedtworoundsoftestingforPFAS.Theyfoundthatmostbrands(69%)containedPFAS,with18differentPFASdetectedintotal.Inpaperstraws,PFASwasdetectedin90%ofthebrandstested.PFASwasalsodetectedin80%ofbrandsofbamboostraws,75%ofplasticstrawbrandsand40%ofglassstrawbrands.Theywerenotdetectedinanyofthefivetypesofsteelstrawstested.“ThepresenceofPFASinpaperandbamboostrawsshowstheyarenotnecessarilybiodegradable”saysDr.Groffen.“WedidnotdetectanyPFASinstainlesssteelstraws,soIwouldadviseconsumerstousethistypeofstraw—orjustavoidusingstraws.”ThePFASconcentrationsarelowandcausealimitedrisktohumanhealth,consideringthatmostpeopleonlyusestrawsoccasionally.However,PFAScanremaininthebodyformanyyearsandconcentrationscanbuildupovertime.“SmallamountsofPFAS,whilenotharmfulinthemselves,canaddtothechemicalloadalreadypresentinthebody,”Dr.Groffenconcludes.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discredited”inparagraph1probablymean?AExciting. B.Questionable. C.Simple. D.Related.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ResearchersfoundPFASinallfivetypesofstraws.B.BamboostrawscontainmorePFASthanpaperones.CPFASchemicalsarenotrelatedtohealthproblems.D.ItwillbelongbeforePFASbreaksdownintheenvironment.10.Whatwilltheauthorbelikelytotalkaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Choosingonlybamboostraws.B.Usingstainlesssteelstrawswidely.C.ThepotentialrisksofPFAStohumans.D.ThedurationforPFAStobreakdowninthebody.11.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Adiary. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Atextbook. D.Anadvertisement.DMangroves(红树)aretreesthattypicallygrowinsaltwateralongcoasts.ButsomeredmangrovesendupdeepintherainforestsofMexico’sYucatanPeninsula.TheseplantsliveinfreshwateralongtheSanPedroMartirRiver.That’snearly200kilometersfromthesea.Scientistswantedtoknowhowthesemangovesgottrappedsofarinland.CarlosBurelowasamongthem.Hebecamecuriousaboutthesemangrovesonachildhoodfishingtripthere35yearsago.Burelosawthattherootsofthemangrovesgrewaboveground.Thiswasdifferentfromtheothertrees.Burelo’steamfirstinvestigatedwherethefreshwatermangrovescamefrom.TheystartedbycollectingtheirleavesandthenparedtheirDNAtotheleavesfromcoastalmangroveswhichweregrowingalongtheGulfofMexico.TheDNAhelpedidentifytheoriginsofthemangrovesontheSanPedroMartirRiver.TheyhadstartedalongtheGulfofMexico,some170kilometersawayfromtheriver.Theteamdiscoveredotherevidencethatthisecosystemhadoncebeencoastal.Theydiscovered112otherspeciesinthisregionthataretypicallyfoundnearcoasts.Theresearcherslookedatthesoiltoo.“Thesesediments(沉积物)nearthemangrovesrevealedexactlywhatweexpected,”saysExequielEzcurra,anecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia.Inall,theresearchersturnedupcoastalstones,shellsofseasnailsandclaysedimentsrichinshellfragments(碎片).Theseledtheresearcherstoconcludetheareausedtobepartoftheoceanlongago.putermodelsofhowsealevelhaschangedovertimeconfirmedthosefindings.Themodelsshowedthatwhensealevelswerehigherinthepast,theoceanfloodedthelowerbasinoftheSanPedroMartirRiver.Thatwouldhavebeenaround150,000to130,000yearsago.Thispushedredmangrovesandotherspeciesinland.“Thisdiscoveryhighlightshowchangestothepastclimatehaveaffectedtheworld’scoastlines,”Ezcurrasays.“Italsooffersachancetobetterunderstandhowfuturesealevelrisemayaffecttheseecosystems.”12.Whatcanweknowaboutmangrovesaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyhaveagreateffectonthesealevel. B.Theoriginsofmangrovesareinfreshwater.C.Theytypicallygrowinsaltwateralongcoasts. D.Therootsofmangrovesgrowunderground.13.Howdidtheteamconducttheresearchaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Bymakingaparison. B.Byintroducinganexperience.C.Byanalyzingsomedata. D.Byquotingothers’opinions.14.Whywereputermodelsusedintheresearch?A.Toanalyzetheelementsofthesoil. B.Toconfirmtheconclusionsoftheresearch.C.Tostudytheleavesofcoastalmangroves D.Todiscovermoreothermangrovespecies.15.Whatdoesthediscoverystress?A.TheimportanceofparingtheDNAofleaves.B.Thebenefitofusingputermodelsinthestudy.C.Theimpactofhumanactivitiesontheseecosystems.D.Theeffectofthepastclimatechangesoncoastlines.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。NegativeEffectsofSocialMediaSocialmediais,arguably,oneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentsinrecenthistory.Ithelpsfamiliesandfriendsstayconnected,offersausefultooltolookbackonpositivememories,andevenhelpsthosewhoarestrugglingfindsupportamongstrangers.Despitesomanybenefits,ithasnegativeeffectsthatyouneedtobeawareof.•ReduceFacetoFaceInteractionWhenyouareonsocialmediamoreoften,notonlydoyouspendlessqualitytimewithpeoplewhoarephysicallypresentinyourlife,buttheywillquicklygetannoyedwhenyou’remindlesslybrowsingsocialmediawebsitesinsteadofpayingattentiontothem.____16____Evenbestfriendsmayfacesimilarsituationattimes.•LeadtodepressionAccordingtorecentstudies,themorepeopleusesocialmedia,themorenegativefeelingstheyexperience,includingdepression.____17____Ithasbeensuggestedthatthesenegativefeelingsanddepressivesymptomsefromincreasedsocialparisonsandalackofsocialinteractioncausedbyspendingmoretimeonsocialmedia.•DistractFromLifeGoals____18____Socialmediaallowsaneasywayouttodistractuswhenwedon’tfeellikeputtinginthehardwork,andwecanendupgoingdownapathwherewesimplydon’tgetthingsdonebecauseitbeestooeasytofindadistraction.•____19____Socialmediaistheeasiestwaytoblockthecreativeprocess.Surfingsocialmediasiteshasanegativeeffectonthemind.Creativityoftenrequiresintensefocusorarelativelyclear,relaxedmind.Socialmediagetsinthewayofboth.Allinall,whenusedwisely,socialmediacanbeagreatwaytoconnectwithotherswhenfacetofaceinteractionsareimpossible.____20____A.KillCreativity.B.Decreasesleeptime.C.Achievinggoalstakeshardworkandmotivation.D.However,italsocountstoavoiditsnegativeeffects.E.Also,it’sveryclearthatprivacyandtheInternetdon’tmixwell.F.Thismakesmunicationmoreplicatedandcausesmisunderstanding.G.Thiscouldbeparticularlyharmfultopeoplesufferinganxietyanddepression.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’mateenagegirl.AlthoughIhavefelt____21____aboutmyfigureandoftenfeltleftoutoverthepastfewyears,Iamabletohandleitcalmlyandwisely.WhenIstarted____22____,thekidsinmyclasscalledme“fatty”purposely.Thismademefeel____23____.SometimesIwantedtobeatthemandtellthemtoleavemealone.____24____,Iwouldwalkaway,andattimes,Iwouldgohomeand____25____.Ineverletanyoneknowthisbecausetheywouldjust____26____meinsteadofrealizinghowmuchtheywere____27____me.WhenIwaseight,mymomandI____28____TOPS,aweightlosssupportgroup.SinceI’vebeeninTOPS,I’velearnedto____29____andtocountcalories.OnceIbecameawinnerforweightlossformyagegroup.Iwas_____30_____tobeonstageforthis,especiallyknowingsomemembersofmyTOPSgroupwerethereto_____31_____me.I’vealsolearnedhowgreatitistohavemyfamilysupportmy_____32_____aswell.Itrytogivethesamesupportbytalkingtoandhuggingsomeonewhohas_____33_____issues.IthinkbecauseofwhatI’ve_____34_____,Iammoreawareofhowapersonlikemefeels.Itrytohelpotherssincerelyand_____35_____.Ineverwanttohurtanyone’sfeelingsthewayminehavebeenhurt.21.A.secure B.positive C.concerned D.curious22.A.working B.schooling C.performing D.running23.A.excited B.joyful C.blessed D.upset24.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Anyway25.A.train B.cry C.practise D.recover26.A.relyon B.stareat C.laughat D.apologizeto27.A.missing B.hurting C.valuing D.motivating28.A.explored B.watched C.created D.joined29.A.exercise B.predict C.serve D.forgive30.A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.proud D.ashamed31.A.convince B.support C.disturb D.protect32.A.efforts B.gifts C.instructions D.standards33.A.family B.sleep C.finance D.weight34.A.lookedthrough B.sortedthrough C.gonethrough D.driventhrough35.A.respectfully B.freely C.selfishly D.slightly第Ⅱ卷非选择题第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Resilience(弹性；坚韧不拔)istheability____36____(break)awayfromhardshipandpossiblyalsogrowstrongerintheprocess.Itis____37____essentialqualitythatenablesustoturnlife’shardestmomentsintolearningopportunities.When____38____(face)withdifficulties,wecanchoose,ashardasitmayseeminthemoment,toembraceresilienceinsteadofgivingintodespair.Thismeansrecognizingourowninnerpoweranddeterminationtooverechallenges.Intheprocess,you____39____(probable)knowyouhavemasteredsomething____40____youwerenotgoodatinthepast.Hardshipoftenrevealsourtrueresilienceand____41____(force)ustoconfrontourfearsanddoubts.Eachtimeweendureadifficultexperience,webuildresilience,makingusbetterequippedtohandlefuture____42____(challenge).Byacknowledgingandappreciatingourresilience,welearntoadaptandthrive____43____thefaceofsuffering.Turninglife’shardestmomentsintolearningchancesrequiresselfreflectionandexamination.Aslongaswereflectonourtoughexperiencestogain____44____(value)insightsandwisdom,eventheworstthingsthathappento____45____(we)canbeegiftsandsourcesofstrengthandwisdomovertime.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.在你校“读书周”来临之际，校英文报拟办“ILikeReading”主题演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：1.读书的益处；2.推荐图书类型；3.号召大家读书。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Boysandgirls,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall!Thanksforlistening.第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。Thecouple,EllaandKen,livedinafancycountrysidehouseeverysummertogetherwiththeirboysJimandDick,aged7and11.Thetwokidsgotonwellwitheachother,unlikesomeotherbrotherswhowouldoftenfightoversmallthings.Theysharedeverythinghappeningintheirschoolandexchangedtheirfavouritetoysandbooks.Exceptforonething,cleaning!Onesunnymorning,Ellacalledouttoherchildren,“JimandDick,it’stimetocleanyourroom!”Thekidssigheddeeply.Cleaningtheirroomwasalwaysthelastthingtheywantedtodo.Unhappy,JimandDickdragged