新教材2024高中英语Unit4HistoryandTraditionsSectionⅡReadingandThinking同步测试新人教版必修第二册VIP

PAGEReadingandThinking(1)[基础测评]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Yourideasare(fascinate)tome.

2.Thisisabookof(puzzle)forchildren.

3.Itisasuitable(locate)foranewschool.

4.Theytookuparmsin(defend)oftheircountry.

5.Thetown’swatercomesfromthe(surround)hills.

6.TheUSdollarisdownagainstmostforeign(currency)today.

7.Ifeltagreatsenseof(achieve)whenIreachedthetopofthemountain.

8.Lionsandtigersbelongthecatfamily.

9.Itishardworkthatresultshissuccess.

10.Makesureyouhaven’tleftanythingonthetrain.

答案:1.fascinating2.puzzles3.location4.defence5.surrounding6.currencies7.achievement8.to9.in10.behindⅡ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空join...to...,aswellas,resultin,keepyoureyesopen,referto...as...,leavebehind1.Ialwayshimabookworm.

2.Thenewhighwayhasourvillagethecity.

3.Thesnowstormhashundredsofdeaths.

4.Theincidentalotofproblemsanddifficulties.

5.Asmybestfriend,hesharesmysorrowsmyjoys.

6.,Andrew.Thereareopportunitieseverywhere.

答案:1.refertoas2.joinedto3.resultedin4.leftbehind5.aswellas6.Keepyoureyesopen[提升测评]Ⅲ.阅读理解AIcomefromCambridge,abeautifulcityintheeastofEngland.ItisontheRiverCamandhasapopulationofabout100,000.Myhometownisespeciallyfamousforitsuniversity.Manyfamouspeoplestudiedhere,suchasIsaacNewtonandCharlesDarwin.Therearelotsofoldbuildingsandchurchestovisit.Studentsandtouristsenjoytripsalongtheriverbyboat.Cambridgeis80kilometresfromLondon.LondonisinthesouthofEnglandanditisontheRiverThames.Ithasapopulationoflessthannineandahalfmillion,soitisbiggerandbusierthanCambridge.Itisabout2,000yearsold,anditisfamousforBigBen,BuckinghamPalaceandTowerBridge.Englanditselfispartofanisland,andyouarealwaysnearthesea.Thesmallvillagesandbeachesonthecoastarepopularforholidays.Touristsliketheareasoflowmountainsandbeautifullakesinthenorth,andthehillsandprettyvillagesinthesouth.EverywhereinEngland,youwillnoticehowgreenthecountrysideis.Itisneververyhotinsummerorverycoldinwinter.SocomeandseeEnglandanytimeoftheyear,butbringanumbrellawithyou.Itrainsalotallyearround.Youwillneeditmostdays.1.Howmanyexamplesoffamouspeoplearementionedinthetext?A.One. B.Two.C.Three. D.Four.解析:细微环节理解题。由第一段第四句“Manyfamouspeoplestudiedhere,suchasIsaacNewtonandCharlesDarwin.”可知,只有两位名人被提到。故选B。答案:B2.WhatcanweknowaboutCambridgeandLondon?A.CambridgeismuchbusierthanLondon.B.Londonis2,000kilometresfromCambridge.C.CambridgehasmorefamousbuildingsthanLondon.D.LondonhasamuchbiggerpopulationthanCambridge.解析:细微环节理解题。由第一段其次句“ItisontheRiverCamandhasapopulationofabout100,000.”和其次段第三句“Ithasapopulationoflessthannineandahalfmillion”可知,剑桥有约10万人口,而伦敦有不到950万人口。故选D。答案:D3.WhatdotouristslikeaboutthesouthofEngland?A.Thechurches. B.Thelowmountains.C.Theprettyvillages. D.Thebeautifullakes.解析:细微环节理解题。由第三段第三句“Touristsliketheareasoflowmountainsandbeautifullakesinthenorth,andthehillsandprettyvillagesinthesouth.”可知,游客宠爱位于英国南面的美丽村庄。故选C。答案:C4.What’stheclimatelikeinEngland?A.Veryhotinsummer.B.Verycoldinwinter.C.Notverycoldinwinter.D.Notrainyallyearround.解析:细微环节理解题。由第四段第一句“Itisneververyhotinsummerorverycoldinwinter.”可知,英国夏天不是很热,冬天不是很冷。故选C。答案:CBIrelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtoconquerIreland.Forhundredsofyears,theIrishpeoplefoughtagainsttheEnglish.Finally,in1921,theBritishgovernmentwasforcedtogiveindependencetothesouthofIreland.Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo“Irelands”.NorthernIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.Inthe1840s,themaincrop,potatoes,wereaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.This,andashortage(短缺)ofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,AustraliaandCanada.Asaresultoftheseproblems,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.Today,manypeoplestillworkonthelandbutmoreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices.Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.TheIrisharefamousforbeingwarm-heartedandfriendly.OscarWilde,afamousIrishwriter,oncesaidthattheIrishwere“thegreatesttalkerssincetheGreeks”.Sinceindependence,Irelandhasrevived(复兴)itsowncultureofmusic,language,literatureandsinging.DifferentareashavedifferentstylesofoldIrishsongswhicharesungwithoutinstruments.OtherkindsofIrishmusicusemanydifferentinstrumentssuchastheviolin,whistles,etc.5.Whatdoestheauthortellusinparagraph1?A.HowtheIrishfoughtagainsttheEnglish.B.HowIrelandgainedindependence.C.HowEnglishrulerstriedtoconquerIreland.D.Howtwo“Irelands”cameintobeing.解析:推理推断题。由第一段中“Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo‘Irelands’.NorthernIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.”可知,北爱尔兰是英国的一部分,而南部的爱尔兰共和国是独立的国家。由此可知,作者告知我们,“两个爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D。答案:D6.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrelandfromthetext?A.Foodshortagesinthe1840sledtoadeclineinpopulation.B.Peoplearemovingtothecitiesforlackofworkinthecountryside.C.Itishardertomakealivingasafarmerthanasafactoryworker.D.DifferentkindsofoldIrishsongsareallsungwithinstruments.解析:细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Inthe1840s,themaincrop,potatoes,wereaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.”和“thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851”可知,在19世纪40年头,主要农作物受病害影响,大约75万人死于饥饿,爱尔兰人口骤减到660万。故选A。答案:A7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LifeinIrelandB.AVeryDifficultHistoryC.Ireland,PastandPresentD.TheIndependenceofIreland解析:标题归纳题。文章讲解并描述了爱尔兰的一段历史,没有具体讲爱尔兰的独立,B、D解除;文章第三段主要讲的是爱尔兰人的生活,A是对第三段的总结,不够全面。总览全文,文章讲解并描述了爱尔兰的过去和现在,故选C。答案:CCManchesteristhe“capital”ofthenorthwestofEngland.SituatedontheeastbankoftheRiverIrwell,itisalivelybusycitywithalargestudentpopulation.Althoughitwasonceseenasonlyadullindustrialplace,inrecentyearsManchesterhasbecomethe“in”place.Itiswellknownforitsclubs,itsfashionanditsmusic,nottomentionitsworld-famousfootballteam,ManchesterUnited.ThereisplentytoseeinManchesterandsomethingtosuitalltastes.Forexample,youhaveatasteoftheOrientinChinatown,hometoManchester’slargeChinesepopulation.AnotherplacetovisitisthehistoricalEastlefieldarea,whichcontainsthefirsturbanheritageparkinBritain.Hereyoucanwalkaroundthemuseumsandexperiencetheatmosphereofthe19thcenturyManchester.Footballfansneednotfeelleftout;theycanalwaysmakeatriptotheOldTraffordManchesterUnitedMuseumwhichalsocontainsacoffeeshopandasouvenirshop.It’seasytofindyourwayaroundthecitycentreandyou’renevertoofarawayfromabus,whichwilltakeyouwhereveryouwanttogo.However,manypeoplepreferwalkinginacitywherethere’ssomuchtosee,andmuchofitisoffthemaintravellines.Ifyougettiredwithallthatwalking,youcanrefreshyourselfatoneofthemanycafébarsinthecity.There’sawidevarietyofhomelyandold-fashionedones.Whateveryoudo,youwon’thaveadullmomentintheplacewhichwasawardedthetitleof“mostinterestingcityinEurope”.Despiteitsunpopularindustrialimageinthepast,Manchesterisbecomingmoreandmorepopularasatouristdestinationnowadays.8.WhatdoweknowaboutManchester?A.ItisabigcityinthesouthwestofEngland.B.Itisonlyknownforitsheavyindustry.C.Itisinterestingonlyifyoulikefootball.D.Itisaverypopularplacenow.解析:细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“...inrecentyearsManchesterhasbecomethe‘in’place.Itiswellknownforitsclubs,itsfashionanditsmusic,nottomentionitsworld-famousfootballteam,ManchesterUnited.”可知,曼彻斯特已经变成时尚之都,以俱乐部、时装、音乐等著名于世,还有世界著名的球队——曼联。故选D。答案:D9.IfyouareinterestedinManchester’shistory,you.

A.willseethe18thcenturybuildingsB.cangotoChinatownC.Don’thaveachoiceD.canvisittheEastlefield解析:细微环节理解题。依据其次段“AnotherplacetovisitisthehistoricalEastlefieldarea...Hereyoucanwalkaroundthemuseumsandexperiencetheatmosphereofthe19thcenturyManchester.”可知,Eastlefield与历史有关,假如你对历史感爱好,可以去那里参观。故选D。答案:D10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“its”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Europe’s. B.Tourism’s.C.Manchester’s. D.Industry’s.解析:指代题。Despiteitsunpopularindustrialimageinthepast是介词短语,主语是后面的Manchester。句意:尽管曼彻斯特以前是一个工业城市,但是曼彻斯特正变为一个旅游目的地,而且越来越受欢迎。故选C。答案:CDTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandisoneofthemostdiversenationsinthewholeofEurope.ThisarticlewillshowyouhowtoadapttothevariedcultureofEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.Getusedtosmallspaces.TheUnitedStatesisnotonlyahugecountrybutalsohasbigcars,housesandspaces.11.Houses,apartments,carsandappliancesareallsmallerthanwhatyouareaccustomedto,soyouhavetogetusedtosmallerthings.Bepolite.Alwaysapologiseforrunningintosomeone,evenifitistheirfault,asitmakesyououttobeakindperson.Respectpeople’spersonalspaceandalwayswaitinline.Acceptjokes.12.Banteringandtakingthemickeyareallwaystodescribemakingfunofsomeonebutthisisn’tnecessarilyabadthing.Teasingsomeoneisacommonwaytoshowfriendship.AsoneBritonputit,“Younevermakefunofsomeoneyoudon’tlike.”Getusedtothedriving.TheBritishdriveontheleftsideoftheroad.13.AlsothecarsintheUKhavethesteeringwheel(方向盘)ontherightside,soyouneedtogetusedtothisaswell.BeespeciallycarefulwithyourturnsandrememberthatrightturnsintheUKcrossoppositetrafficinthesamewaythatleftturnsdointheUSandothercountriesthatdriveontheright.14.TheBritishusedifferentwordsandpronouncewordsdifferently.LookaroundontheInternetorbuybooksaboutwordsandexpressionsusedinBritain.There’smoretotheUKthanLondon.LondonisanexcellentcityandthemostpopularintheUnitedKingdom.15.AndthegreencountrysideisadefiningfeatureoftheUK,whichissomethingthatshouldbeexplored.A.Getusedtothelifestyle.B.Getusedtothelanguage.C.Differentregionshavetheirowntraditionsandevenlanguages.D.Besurethatyoudoso,ortheresultcouldbeterrible.E.However,theUKdoesnothavetheluxuryofspace.F.Buttherearemanyothercitiesfilledwithcultureandwonder.G.OneofthemostconfusingaspectsofBritishcultureishumour.11.解析:依据本段句首“Getusedtosmallspaces.”和下文“Houses,apartments,carsandappliancesareallsmallerthanwhatyouareaccustomedto,soyouhavetogetusedtosmallerthings.”可知,本段主要讲解并描述和美国相比,英国的“空间”没有那么大——房子、公寓、汽车、家用电器等。故E项“然而,英国没有奢侈的空间”符合题意。答案:E12.解析:依据本段句首“Acceptjokes.”和下文“butthisisn’tnecessarilyabadthing.Teasingsomeoneisacommonwaytoshowfriendship.”可知,本段主要讲解并描述英国人宠爱开玩笑,虽然很多人不能理解他们的幽默,但这是他们表示友好的一种方式。故G项“令很多人困惑的英国文化之一就是它的幽默”。其中“humour”与“bantering”“takingthemickey”意思相近。答案:G13.解析:依据本段句首“Getusedtothedriving.”和下文“AlsothecarsintheUKhavethesteeringwheelontherightside”及“BeespeciallycarefulwithyourturnsandrememberthatrightturnsintheUK”可知,本段主要讲解并描述在英国开车是左边行驶,这与美国和其他国家不同,所以在转弯时要多加留意。故D项“确保你是这样做的,否则后果会很严峻”符合上下文语境。答案:D14.解析:依据下文“TheBritishusedifferentwordsandpronouncewordsdifferently.”可知,本段是讲英国的单词和发音不同。故B项“习惯(它的)语言”作为本段主题句最为恰当。答案:B15.解析:依据本段首句“There’smoretotheUKthanLondon.”和下文“AndthegreencountrysideisadefiningfeatureoftheUK”可知,英国并不是只有伦敦,绿色田园也是它(英国)的关键特征。故F项“但是英国还有很多其他充溢文化和让人惊羡的城市”符合上下文语境。答案:FReadingandThinking(2)[基础测评]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Heofferedanewapproachimprovingthefunctionofthemachine.

2.Theimmunesystemisourmain(defend)againstdisease.

3.Shewasfacedwithanewjob,inunfamiliar(surround)withstrangepeople.

4.Ihaveneverexpectedthatmyhometownhassucha(fascinate)look,seenfromthesky.

Hewasadmittedtoafamousuniversityforhisoutstanding(achieve)inhighschool.

TheBeidouNavigationSystemcanexactlyleadyoutoany(locate)youwanttoreach.

7.Shelooked(puzzle)soIrepeatedthequestion.

8.Thereis(evident)thatBeijingManusedfiretocookfood.

9.Thelandbelongs(legal)tothegovernment.

10.We’dbettergoinagroup,not(individual).

答案:1.to2.defence3.surroundings4.fascinating5.achievements6.location7.puzzled8.evidence9.legally10.individuallyⅡ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空join...to...,breakawayfrom,belongto,referto...as...,aswellas,keepyoureyesopenfor1.Hetookawaytheumbrellatheboybesidehimbymistake.

2.Thevillagethetownbythenewroad.

3.anyopportunityaroundcanhelpyoufindajobsooner.

4.Electricenergycanbechangedintolightenergyintosoundenergy.

5.SeveralstatestheUnionandbecameindependent.

6.Englishauniversallanguage.

答案:1.belongingto2.isjoinedto3.Keepingyoureyesopenfor4.aswellas5.brokeawayfrom6.isreferredtoasⅢ.语法填空TheUKisalsocalledGreatBritain,BritainorEngland.Manypeople1.(confuse)bythesedifferentnames.Infact,theyare2.(shorten)namesfortheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Inthe16thcentury,Waleswasjoined3.theKingdomofEnglandandwithScotlandjoininginthe18thcentury,theKingdomofGreatBritaincameintobeing.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasadded4.(create)theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.However,thesouthernpartofIreland5.(break)awayfromtheUKinthefollowingcentury,andthusthenameofthecountrywaschangedintotheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,6.isstillinuse.

Thefourcountriesworktogethertosharethesameflag,currencyandmilitarydefence.Although7.(belong)totheUK,theyalsogoverntheircountriesindependentlyinsomeways,suchaseducationsystems,legalsystems,nationaldaysandevenfootballteams.

IntheUK,itiseasytocollect8.(evident)ofthefourgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimes.TheyaretheRomans,theAnglo-Saxons,theVikingsandtheNormans,ofwhomtheNormanshadcastles9.(build)allaroundEnglandandtheyhadmuchinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.

TheUKhasinterestinghistoryandculture,and10.(it)capitalLondonisthetypicalcitywhichiswellworthexploring.

答案:1.areconfused2.shortened3.to4.tocreate5.broke6.which7.belonging8.evidence9.built10.its[提升测评]Ⅳ.阅读理解Hundredsofyearsago,aRomanarmymadewaronScotland.TheScots,abravepeople,lovetheircountry.TheyfoughthardtodrivetheenemyoutofScotland.ButthereweretoomanyoftheRomans.ItlookedasiftheRomanswouldwin.Onenight,theleaderoftheScotsmarchedhissoldierstothetopofahill.“Wewillrestheretonight,mymen,”hesaid.“Tomorrowwewillfightonemorebattle.Wemustwin,orwewilldie.”Theywereallverytired.Sotheyatetheirsupperquicklyandfellasleep.Therewerefourguardsonduty,buttheywereverytired,too,andonebyone,theyfellasleep.TheRomanswerenotasleep.Quicklytheygatheredatthefootofthehill.Slowlytheywentupthehill.ClosertheycametothesleepingScots.Theywerealmostatthetop.Afewminutesmorethewarwouldbeover.Suddenly,oneofthemputhisfootonathistle(蓟).HecriedoutandhissuddencrywoketheScots.Inaminutetheywereontheirfeetandreadyforabattle.Thefightingwashard,butitdidnotlastlong.TheScotswipedouttheRomansandsavedScotland.Thethistleisnotabeautifulplant.Ithassharpneedlesalloverit.Fewpeoplelikedit.ButthepeopleofScotlandlikeditsomuchthattheymadeittheirnationalflower.1.WhatisthereactionofthesleepingScotsattheshoutofaRomansoldier?A.TheybegantofighttheRomanshard.B.Theystoodupwithoutshoesandbegantofight.C.Theywokeandroseimmediately,readytofight.D.Theyputonshoesatonceandwerereadytofight.解析:细微环节理解题。从第四段“Inaminutetheywereontheirfeetandreadyforabattle.”可知,此处beonone’sfeet意为“站起来”,而不是光着脚的意思。故选C。答案:C2.What’stheresultofthewar?A.TheRomanskilledalltheScots.B.TheScotsweredefeated.C.TheScotsweredrivenoutofScotland.D.TheScotsdefeatedtheRomans.解析:细微环节理解题。从文章第四段最终一句可知,此处wipeout意为“歼灭;清除”。故选D。答案:D3.WhydidtheScotsmakethethistletheirnationalflower?A.Itislovely,thoughnotbeautiful.B.Itgavethemhappiness.C.Itisakindofusefulplant.D.IthelpedtheScotsinwipingouttheRomans.解析:推理推断题。从前四段可以推断,是蓟帮助了苏格兰人。故选D。答案:DⅤ.完形填空Ilivenearabay(海湾)inSydneyandIgoonabikeridealmosteveryday.Iseelotsofpeopleridingtheirbikesandothersjust1andenjoyingtheview.OnSundays,therearemorepeoplearoundthebay.I2ridingmybikethensothatIcangiveasmanysmilesaspossible.

Today,onmywaybackhome,I3abeautifullittlegirlwalkingwithhermomholdingaboxofherthings.Itwassogreattoseehow4theywere.IkeptridingmybikeandIfoundashinynecklaceontheground.Ididn’tdoanythingatfirst,5thenIthoughtmaybeitbelongedtothelittlegirl.Iturnedaroundtopickupthenecklace.Luckily,itwasstillthere,butforasecondIthoughtthatmaybeitdidnotbelongtoher.I6togoandaskthembeforepickingitup.

Iturnedaroundagain,andtriedtofindthewomanandherlovelygirl.Ieasilyfoundthemandnoticedthattheywere7somethingmissinginthebox.Istoppedandasked,“Didshe8hernecklace?”“Yes,”hermomreplied.“Isawit.I’llgetit,