人教版2019高中英语新教材必修一Unit2单词详解

人教版高中英语新教材必修一Unit2castle

/ˈkɑ:sl/

n.

城堡；堡垒Thecastlewasbathedinmoonlight.城堡沐浴在月光里。apply

/əˈplaɪ/

vi.&vt.申请；请求

vt.

应用;

涂(油漆、乳剂)apply

for 申请(1)apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上Thenewtechnologywasappliedtofarming.这项新技术已应用于农业Applythecreamtoyourfaceandneck.把乳霜抹在脸和脖子上Therightthingwouldbetoapplydirectpressuretothewound.正确的做法会是在伤口上施加直接压力。applyto... 涉及……；适用于……WhatIamsayingappliesonlytosomeofyou.我所说的只涉及你们中的一些人.apply(to...)for... (向……)申请…… applyforajob/passport/grant申请工作╱护照╱拨款applyoneselfto 集中精力于(2)applicantn. 申请人applicationn. 申请；申请书；应用单句语法填空①Studentswhosehomeisfarawayfromschoolcanapplytotheschoolfor_acmodation.②Weshouldnotonlyknowthetheorybutalsoknowhowtoapplyittopractice.③MrLiuisaveryrespectableteacher,whooftenencouragesmetoapplymyself_(I)tomystudies.visa /ˈvi:zə/

n.

签证anentry/tourist/exitvisa入境╱旅游╱出境签证rent

/rent/

vt. 租用；出租

vi.租用；租金为

n.租金rentout租出forrent出租；供出租/paytherent付租金amonth'srentinadvance预付的月租金ahigh/low/fairrent高的╱低的╱合理的租金pack

/pæk/

vi.&vt.

收拾(行李)

vt.包装n.

(商品的)

纸包；纸袋；大包Thepaintingswerecarefullypackedinnewspaper.这些画被仔细地用报纸裹了起来。Icarefullypackedupthegifts.我小心翼翼地把礼品包好。apackofcigarettes/gum一盒香烟╱口香糖Everythingshetoldusisapackoflies(=astorythatispletelyfalse).她所说的全都是一派谎言。apackofhounds一群猎犬packsofsavagedogs成群的野狗/wolveshuntinginpacks成群猎食的狼Thebookispackedwithinformation.这本书资料丰富。Theencyclopediaispackedwithclearillustrationsandover250recipes.这本百科全书充满了清晰的插图，还有二百五十多个食谱。amazing

/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/

adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的anamazingachievement/discovery/success/performance的成就╱发现╱成功╱表演It'samazinghowquicklypeopleadapt.人适应环境的速度之快真是惊人It'samazingwhatwecanrememberwithalittleprompting.只需一点提示我们就能想起很多东西真是令人吃惊。Amazingly,noonenoticed.令人惊奇的是，竟没有人注意到。Themealwasamazinglycheap.这餐饭便宜得出奇Shewasanamazinglygoodcook.她曾是个好得惊人的厨师。amazed /əˈmeɪzd/

adj. 惊奇的；惊喜的(1)amazesb 使某人吃惊Itamazedherthathecouldbesocalmatsuchatime.在这个时候他还能如此冷静，真让她感到惊讶(2)beamazedat... 对……感到惊讶beamazedtodosth 吃惊地做某事(3)inamazement 惊奇地Istaredatherinamazement.我惊讶地盯着她。toone'samazement 令某人惊奇的是Greatly/Muchtomyamazement,herememberedme.使我大为惊奇的是他还记得我。单句语法填空①Takingpicturesofpolarbearsisamazing(amaze)butalsodangerous.②IfyouvisitBeijing,youwillbe_amazed(amaze)ateverythinghere.③让我吃惊的是，这位老人捐出所有的钱来资助当地的学校。→What_amazed_me_wasthattheoldmandevotedallhismoneytosupportingthelocalschool.(amazevt.)→It_was_amazing_for_me_thattheoldmandevotedallhismoneytosupportingthelocalschool.(amazingadj.)→To_my_amazement,_theoldmandevotedallhismoneytosupportingthelocalschool.(amazementn．)arrangement

/əˈreɪndʒmənt/

n.

安排；筹备(1)makearrangements/anarrangementfor... 为……做安排I'llmakearrangementsforyoutobemetattheairport.我会安排人到机场接你Wecanetoanarrangementovertheprice.我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。(2)arrangevt. 筹备；安排；整理arrangesthforsb 为某人安排某事arrange(forsb)todosth 安排(某人)做某事Wearrangedforacartocollectusfromtheairport.我们安排了一辆轿车到机场接我们。单句语法填空①IhavearrangedforTomtopickuptheexpertattheairportandthejournalistshavemadearrangements(arrangement)foraninterviewwithhim.②I'dliketotellyouthatmyclassmatesandIhavearrangedto_visit_(visit)thenearbynursinghomenextSaturdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival.③Whatevershesayswillnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements(arrange)．[写美]微写作④父母为孩子们安排一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。Parentsarrange_everything_for_their_children_andsparenoeffortstopavethewayfortheirsuccess.extremely

/ɪkˈstri:mli/

adv.

极其;

非常extremelyimportant/useful/plicated极为重要╱有用╱复杂Shefounditextremelydifficulttogetajob.她发觉找工作极其困难Mymobilephoneisextremelyuseful.我的极为有用。Weareworkingunderextremepressureatthemoment.目前我们正在极大的压力下工作。peoplelivinginextremepoverty生活在极度贫困中的人Theheatinthedesertwasextreme.沙漠中极其炎热source

/sɔ:s/

n.

来源；出处Renewablesourcesofenergymustbeused.可再生的能源必须利用。Yourlocallibrarywillbeausefulsourceofinformation.你们当地的图书馆就是很好的资料来源。Whatistheirmainsourceofine?他们的主要收入来源是什么？narrow

/ˈnærəʊ/

adj.

狭窄的

vi.&vt.(使)变窄narrowstreets狭窄的街道/anarrowbed/doorway/shelf狭窄的床╱门口╱架子narrowshoulders窄小的肩头anarrowvictory险胜/narrowinterests目光短浅的利益anarrowcircleoffriends有限的交友圈子Hehadanarrowescapewhenhiscarskiddedontheice.车在冰上打滑，他险些出事。Shehasaverynarrowviewoftheworld.她对世界的认识是非常狭隘的。Therewasonlyanarrowgapbetweenthebedandthewall.床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。Wehavenarroweddownthelisttofourcandidates.我们把范围缩小到四位候选者身上Henarrowedhiseyesather.他向她挤了挤眼睛。Thenarrownessofthestreetscausedmanytrafficproblems.街道狭窄，造成很多交通问题。Weweresurprisedbythenarrownessofourvictory.我们对自己勉强获胜感到惊讶。Hisattitudesshowacertainnarrownessofmind.他的态度显示他的思想有些狭隘。flat

/flæt/ adj.

平坦的;

扁平的

n.

公寓;

单元房lowbuildingswithflatroofs平顶矮建筑物/flatshoes(=withnoheelsorverylowones)平跟鞋；平底鞋Exerciseistheonlywaytogetaflatstomachafterhavingababy.产后只有通过锻炼才能使腹部收平。Onevehiclewithaflattyrecanbringthemotorwaytoastandstill.一辆轮胎瘪掉的汽车就能导致公路交通的停顿。Childrenfromtheflats(=theblockofflats)acrossthestreetwereplayingoutside.街对面公寓楼里的儿童正在户外玩耍。powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/

adj.

强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的arichandpowerfulman一个有钱有势的人powerfulweapons威力强大的武器/apowerfulengine大功率引擎apowerfulimage/drug/speech鲜明的形象；有奇效的药物；有力的演说apowerfulvoice洪亮的嗓音/apowerfulbody健壮的体魄apowerfulathlete矫健的运动员/apowerfullyemotivesong激动人心的歌曲empire /ˈempaɪə(r)/

n.

帝国emperor

/ˈempərə(r)/

n.

皇帝site

/saɪt/

n.

地点；位置；现场workonabuilding/constructionsite在建筑工地工作thesiteofthebattle战场anarchaeologicalsite考古现场acampingsite营地takecontrolof

控制;

接管Therehasbeensomeviolenceafterthematch,butthepolicearenowincontrolofthesituation.比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但是现在警方已控制了局势。Inspiteofallherfamilyproblems,she'sreallyincontrol.她虽然家庭问题重重，却能完全处之泰然Thecityisinthecontrolofenemyforces.那座城市现处于敌军的控制之下。Thecityisunderenemycontrol.那座城市现处于敌人的控制之下Theteacherhadnocontroloverthechildren.那位老师管不住学生。Shestruggledtokeepcontrolofhervoice.她竭力控制住自己的声音。Shelostcontrolofhercarontheice.她在冰上去开车失了控制。Thechildrenarepletelyoutofcontrolsincetheirfatherleft.这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。official

/ə'fɪʃl/

adj. 官方的；正式的;

公务的

n.

官员；要员HemadeanofficialvisittoTokyoinMarch.他于三月到东京进行了一次公务访问。anofficialannouncement/decision/statement官方公告╱决定╱声明accordingtoofficialstatistics/figures根据官方统计╱数字abank/pany/court/governmentofficial银行╱公司╱法院╱政府要员recognise

/ˈrekəgnaɪz/

vt.

辨别出;

承认;

认可(1)berecognisedtobe/as... 被认为是……Itisrecognisedthat... 人们公认……(2)recognitionn. 认出；认识beyondrecognition 认不出来单句语法填空①Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilityto_recognize_(recognize)differentfacialexpressionsinhumans.②China'simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountriesrecognising(recognise)itsroleininternationalaffairs.③Thecitywasbuiltupsofastthatithaschangedbeyondrecognition(recognise)．④人们公认为青山绿水最重要。It_is_recognised_thatnothingismoreimportantthancleanwaterandgreenhills.type

/taɪp/

n. 类型;

种类

vi.&vt.

打字Howfastcanyoutype?你打字有多快？Therearevarioustypesofthedisease.该疾病有各种类型。Haveyoudonethistypeofworkbefore?你以前做过这种工作吗？flight

/flaɪt/

n.

空中航行;

航班；航程asmooth/fortableflight平稳╱舒适空中航行adomestic/aninternationalflight国内╱国际航班acmodation

/əˈkɒməˌdeɪʃn/

n.

住处；停留处；膳宿rented/temporary/furnishedacmodation租的╱临时的╱有家具的住处unique

/juˈni:k/

adj.

唯一的；独特的;

特有的Everyone'sfingerprintsareunique.每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。Hewasauniquelygiftedteacher.他是个天赋异禀的天才教师。path

/pɑ:θ/

n.

小路;

路线；道路aconcretepath混凝土小路/thegardenpath花园小径/acoastalpath海边的小路Followthepaththroughthewoods.沿着这条小路穿过树林。Walkalongapath沿小径前行destination

/ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/

n.

目的地；终点arriveat/reachyourdestination到达目的地otherthan

除……以外Idon'tknowanyFrenchpeopleotherthanyou.除了你，我不认识别的法国人。admire

/ədˈmaɪə(r)/

vt.

钦佩；赞赏(1)admiresbfor(doing)sth 赞赏/钦佩某人(做)某事admirethemoon 赏月(2)admirationn. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕admirableadj. 令人钦佩的单句语法填空①WeadmireLiLanjuanforhergreatcontributionstothefieldofmedicine.②I'dliketoexpressmyadmiration(admire)forthecourageandunplainingspiritofthefirefighters.③中秋节是一个具有吸引力的重要节日，这一天，人们会赏月和品尝月饼。TheMid­autumnFestivalisanappealingandimportantfestivalwhen_people_admire_themoon_and_enjoy_mooncakes．architecture /ˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r)/

n.

建筑设计；建筑学architect

/ˈɑ:kɪtekt/

n.

建筑设计师brochure

/ˈbrəʊʃə(r) n.

资料(或广告)手册package

/ˈpækɪdʒ/

n.

包裹;

包装盒

vt.

将……包装好packagetour 包价旅游contact

/ˈkɒntækt/

vt.

联络；联系

n.

联系；接触(1)getin/makecontactwith 与……取得联系losecontactwith 与……失去联系keepincontactwith 与……保持联系bein/outofcontactwith 与……有/没有联系(2)contactsbat... 通过……与某人联系单句语法填空/完成句子①Thehosthad_contacted_(contact)meinadvancebythetimethemeetingended.②Believeitornot,Ihave_been_out_of_contact_with_her(与她失去联系)forthreeyears.③如果你想了解这个活动的更多细节，请通过联系李华。Ifyouwanttoknowmoredetailsabouttheactivity,please_contact_Li_Hua_at123456543@163.civilisation

/ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/

n.

(

NAmE

ization)

文明；闻名世界makeup

构成；形成A.占……比例B.弥补C.和好D.编造E.化妆1．Theyhavequarreledseriouslythreetimesbuteachtimetheyhavemadeupwitheachother.__C__2．Farmersplayanimportantpartinsociety,makingup50%percentofthetotalpopulationofthecountry.__A__3．Hemadeupsomeexcuseabouthisdaughterbeingsick.__D__4．Shespenttoomuchtimemakingherselfupeveryday.__E__5．Afterallthedelays,wewereanxioustomakeupforlosttime.__B__soldier

/ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/

n. 士兵;

军人transport

/ˈtrænspɔ:t/

n. (NAmEusually

transportation)交通运输系统

vt.

运输；运送air/freight/roadtransport空运；货运；路运Hisbikeishisonlymeansoftransport.自行车是他唯一的代步工具。hike

/haɪk/ vi.

徒步旅行

vt.

去…远足

n.

远足;

徒步旅行economy /ɪˈkɒnəmi/

n.

经济;

节约economic

/ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk/

adj.

经济(上)的;

经济学的economicgrowth/cooperation/development/reform经济增长╱合作╱发展╱改革credit

/ˈkredɪt/

n.

借款；信用;

称赞;

学分Tohiscredit,Jacknevertoldanyoneexactlywhathadhappened.杰克对所发生的事守口如瓶，值得赞扬creditcard

信用卡detail

/ˈdi:teɪl/

n.

细节；详情；细微之处checkin

(在旅馆、机场等)

登记I'llcallthehotel.I'lltellthemwe'llcheckintomorrow.我会给旅馆打，通知他们明天我们将登记入住。checkout

结账离开(旅馆等)request

/rɪˈkwest/

n.

(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求

vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求(1)makearequestfor请求；要求atone'srequest 应某人的要求(2)requestsbtodosth 请求某人做某事requestthat...(should)dosth 要求……(应该)做某事It'srequestedthat 要求……单句语法填空①Atyourrequest,IamwritingtogiveyousometipsonhowtolearnChinesewell.②Allpassengersarerequestedto_check(check)inbeforetheflighttakesoff.③Sherequestedthatthemunity(should)_turn(turn)itintoamuseumuponherdeath.④老师要求我们为即将到来的期末考试做好充分准备。Ourteachermadearequestthatwe_(should)_make_full_preparations_for_theingfina