2024年中考英语总复习：任务型阅读 专项训练（含解析）

专题十八任务型阅读

学问清单

一、考点分析

任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式，综合考查学生归纳概括实力和语篇结构理解

实力。其内容涉及广泛,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以

“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表

达,而是在理解文字的基础上,完成相应的图表或文字练习，从而有效地测试学生用英语“做

事”的实力。依据任务类型，常见题型有以下四种：

1.完成表格型

此类任务型阅读要求我们在理解文本信息的基础上,依据材料供应的干脆信息或由我们

推理、提炼后的间接信息完成题目要求的任务。其阅读内容更贴近学生的生活实际，任务的

设置改变多样,不光有简洁信息的捕获,而且有阅读短文,通过对短文信息的归纳,加工处理，

运用语言逻辑推理和思维实力来完成表格。

2.回答问题型

此类任务型阅读要求我们依据短文、表格、图片或图文结合的材料回答命题者设定的问

题,所设置的任务通过事实或细微环节的查找就能完成,与一般阅读理解的解题方法相像,只

是题目设计采纳了主观题形式,没有给出选项,须要我们从材料中寻求信息，以一个完整的句

子,或者是其适当的缩略形式作答。从问题所涉及的内容看,考查文本表层理解多于深层理解,

其设计的问题多为五W或一般疑问句的细微环节性问题，而涉及推理推断、文章主旨、写作

意图及作者看法、感受等的题目则少之又少。此类题型是学生失分较多的题型之一,要求学

生有较扎实的语言基础和较强的综合运用英语的实力。

3.句子还原型

还原短文型“阅读理解”题有两种形式:即选择句子还原短文和排列段落还原短文。第

一种形式要求考生依据短文内容,从文后所给的句子中选出适当的句子填入短文空白处。其

次种形式是给出一篇200~300个词的短文，要求考生依据短文内容和结构，将依次打乱的段

落重新排序,有时首段或尾段的位置已给出。这种题型旨在考查考生对短文整体结构的理解

实力,要求考生从短文的篇章结构的层面上把握短文，了解其也许意思和结构,分清句子或段

落之间的逻辑关系,然后还原成短文的原貌。

4.多元综合型

此类任务型阅读是上述各种题型的综合,可以给出不同的任务让学生逐一完成。一般是

在问题设计上兼顾了多种类型，既有依据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型转换等，

又有依据内容完成句子,完成这一题型应特别细致,应细致地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并

且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文意的基础上，细致阅读后面的题目要求,依据实际状况

去完成所要求的任务。

二、解题步骤

1.明确任务。

由于题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务，因此解题前要先

明确任务，做到心中有数。

2.对应，紧扣原文。

即在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分,这样就可以快速精确地抓住有效信息,确

保答题的精确性。假如是依据英文释义写单词的题,则肯定要确保所填的单词来源于原文，

切不行脱离原文,随意发挥。

3.留意读写结合。

任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的实力，更加留意考查学生“写”的实力。若是

写单词,则要留意拼法正确,词形、词性有无改变,是否须要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子

成分,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式,

不行简洁草率地将文中信息干脆挪用。

4.细致检查。

完成任务后要重新谛视材料,检查所做的答案是否复合要求，同时语言要精练精确。

提分策略

1.细致审题，读懂题意

由于题目要求形式多样，在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务，因此解题前要先

明确任务，做到心中有数。

2.快速阅读，驾驭大意

在做题时要快速扫视一下文章的大意,然后结合前面的题目的要求,大致明白所要完成

的任务。

3.细读题目，完成任务

在明白题意和文章意思的基础上,细致阅读后面的题目要求,在原文中找出问题题干所

包括的信息部分,这样就可以快速精确地抓住有效信息,确保答题的精确性。假如是依据英文

释义写单词的题,则肯定要确保所填的单词来源于原文,切不行脱离原文,随意发挥。

4.复读文章，核实任务

在初步完成所要求的任务以后,学生必需再细致阅读所供应的短文,结合题意、文章和文

后供应的任务信息、细致核实任务以保证答题正确。

5.留意读写结合

任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的实力，更加留意考查学生“写”的实力。若是

写单词,则要留意拼法正确,词形、词性有无改变,是否须要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子

成分,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，

不行简洁草率地将文中信息干脆挪用。

总之,任务型阅读理解不同于传统的阅读理解,它介于阅读理解与写作之间,老师应当适

应新课改的要求,驾驭任务型阅读理解的特点,加强学生任务型阅读实力的培育。

[例1]（2014•江苏镇江-61〜65）

HaveyoueveraskedyourrelativesorfriendsifthereisWi-Fiintheirhouses?

HaveyoueversearchedforWi-Fiwhenyouareatrestaurantsorhotels?Theanswers

willprobablybe"Yes”.MostofuswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecan'tlivewithout

it.ButwecanonlyusefreeWi-Fiinsomepublicplaces.Westillhavetospend

somemoneyaccessing（连接）theInternetatmosttime.Herecomesapieceofgood

news.

Arich,powerfulorganizationintheUSAcalledtheMediaDevelopmentInvestment

Fund（MDIF）hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecomputing（计算）completelyby

givingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.Theywillsenduphundredsofsatellites

intolowEarthorbit（轨道）in2015.

Thisisbecausetheyhavemadeasurveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworld's

populationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.Andthisisalsobecause

manycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethenecessaryinfrastructure（基石出设施）

toaccesstheweb.

WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.

阅读以上信息,用恰当的词完成下面的表格,每空一词。

Presentsituation•ManyofuswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecan'tlive

withoutit.

•AccessingtheInternet]ussomemoney.

•MDIFhasmadeadecisiontosenduphundredsof

WhatthesatellitesintolowEarthorbitin2015sothatfor

organizationwilldoeverypersononEarth,therewillbefreeWi-Fi

2.

•Only60%oftheworld5spopulationhavebeenable

togetinformationontheInternet.

3

•Manycountriescan514peoplewiththe

necessaryinfrastructuretoaccesstheweb.

•FreeWi-Fiwill5theworldinthenear

Whatwecanexpect

future.

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了当下特别流行的Wi-Fi。当你到

亲戚或挚友家或在餐厅或宾馆,都免不了去搜寻Wi-Fi,这些里面有的Wi-Fi是免费的,而有

的是收费的。令人兴奋的是美国一家有实力的组织MDIF到2015年将为全球的人们供应免费

的Wi-Fi。

【答案】

1.costs依据文章第一段句子“Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing（连

接）theInternetatmosttime.”可知搜寻网络花许多钱,所以填costs。

2.available依据文章其次段句子“（MDIF）hasdecidedtochangetheageofonline

computing（计算）completelybygivingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.“可知

在2015年MDIF将供应免费的Wi-Fi,所以说到2015年全球将有免费的Wi-Fi可以运用的。

可以利用的要available来表示。

3.Reason（s）/Cause（s）依据文章第三段句子“Thisisbecausetheyhavemadea

surveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworld，spopulationhavebeenabletoget

informationontheInternet.中的关键词because可知，这些是MDIF为人们供应免费

Wi-Fi的缘由。

4.provide依据文章第三段句子“manycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethe

necessaryinfrastructure（基础设施）toaccesstheweb”中的关键词offer可知许多国

家不能够为人们供应搜寻网络的基础设施。providesb.withsth.表示“为某人供应某物”。

5.cover/s依据文章最终一段“WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthe

nearfuture.,,可知在不久的将来,免费的Wi-Fi将覆盖全球。cover意为“覆盖

[例2]（2013•山东莱芜）阅读短文,依据要求完成下面各小题。

Alifecoachissomebodywhohelpsyoureachallkindsofpersonaland

professionalgoals（目标）.Eachofushastheabilitytobeourownlifecoach.Here

aresometipsforyou:

♦Payattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers

Askyourselfthefollowingquestions:Howdoyoudealwithdisagreements?When

wasthelasttimeyoushowedyourfamilymembersthatyoucareforthem?Your

relationshipswithfriends,familymembersandteachersshowalotaboutwhatkind

ofpersonyouare.

♦Facethefearsaboutthefuture

Now,imaginethatoneofyourgoodfriendstoldyouthatheorshewasnotstrong

enoughtogobacktoschool.3Weoftengivebetteradvicethanwearewillingto

takeourselves.Rememberthateventhemostsuccessfulpeoplewereprobablytold

thatwhattheywantedtodowasimpossible,buttheyfollowedtheirdreamsand

succeed.

♦Developyourtalents

Ifyouwanttoreachyourgoals,youwillhavetospendmoretimedevelopingthe

talentsyoualreadyhave,anduncoveringanyhiddentalentsthatyouhaven，t

discoveredyet.Soyoucantakeclassesinsubjectsthatyouareinterestedin,even

ifyouhavenoexperience.

♦Bethankful

Takesometimetobethankfulforthethingsyoudohave.Rememberpositive

memories.4Thinkofthebestday（s）youhavehadinthepastmonthsoryears.Remember

specialparties,vacationsandholidays.Appreciatethewonderfulpeopleyouhave

inyourlife.

A.依据短文内容简要回答问题。

1.Whichtipdoyouthinkinfluencesyoumost?

2.Whyshouldyoupayattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers?

B.将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。

3.

4.

C.请给短文拟一个适当的标题。

5.

本文主要讲的是我们每个人都是自己的生活导师和如何面对处理生活中

的■些问题。

【答案】

1.Payattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers./Facethefearsaboutthefuture.

/Developyourtalents./Bethankful.

2.Becauseyour/our/myrelationshipswithothers/friends,familymembersand

teachersshowalotaboutwhatkindofpersonyou/weare/Iam.

3.我们常常给别人更好的建议，而自己却不愿接受。

4.想一想在过去的岁月里你拥有的最美妙的时间。

5.Tobeyourownlifecoach/Beingyourownlifecoach/Howtobeyourownlife

coach/Thetips/suggestionsofbeingyourownlifecoach.

专项训练

Passage1（2014•江苏常州）

Muchmeaningcanbeconveyed（传送）withoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyes

canspeak.Doyouhavesuchkindofexperience?Inabusyoumaylookatastranger,but

nottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstared（盯）at,hemayfeel

uncomfortable.

Thesameisindailylife.Ifyouarelookedatformorethannecessary,youwill

lookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnothing

goeswrong,youwillfeelangrytowardother'sstareatyouthatway.Eyesdo

speak,right?

Lookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtobeimpoliteandevenrude.Butthings

aredifferentwhenitcomestostareattheoppositesex.Ifamanstaresatawoman

formorethan10secondsandrefusestoturnhiseyesawayfromthewoman,hispurpose

isobvious.Thatis,hewishestoattractherattention,tomakeherunderstandthat

heisadmiringher.

However,thenormaleyecontactfortwopeopleduringaconversationisthatthe

speakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime;inordertomakesurethat

thelistenerispayingattentiontowhatthespeakerisspeaking,totellhimthat

heisinterested.

Ifaspeakerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeaking,asifhetriestocontrol

you,youwillfeeluncomfortable.Apoorliar（说谎者）usuallylookstoolongatthe

victim,becausehebelievesthatlookingstraightintheeyeisasignofhonest

communication.

Infact,continuouseyecontactonlyhappensbetweentwolovers,whowillenjoy

lookingateachothergentlyforalongtime,toshowfeelingthatwordscannotexpress.

Obviously,eyecontactshouldbedoneaccordingtotherelationshipbetweentwo

peopleandthepropersituation.

Eyescantalkinourdailylife.Alotoffeelingscanbeconveyedtoothers

withoureyes.Therearealotoffactstoproveit.

阅读下面短文,并依据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词,每空一词。

Youmayfeel]ifyouarestaredatformorethannecessary.Andyouwonder

ifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnot,youwillfeelveryangry.

Whenstaringattheoppositesex:Lookingtoolongatawomanyou2means

thatyouwanttoattractherattention.Andmostoftime,continuouseyecontactis

justfortwolovers.

Whenhavinga3withothers:Ifthespeakerlooksatthelistenerat_4

duringtheconversation,it'sanormaleyecontact.Ifthespeakerisaliar,looking

straightintheeyetoolongisn'tasignofhonestcommunication.

Soremembertolookatothersatthe5time.Ifnot,itwillmakeothers

uncomfortable.

Passage2（2014•湖北鄂州）

Everyonehastheirdream.Theygiveuscourageandconfidencetokeepusgoing

throughdifficulties.(1)Hereissomeadviceonhowtorealizeourbeautifuldreams.

Nevergivingupisthekeytomakingourdreamscometrue.Wemayfailfromtime

totime,butwecanlearnfromfailure,correctourmistakesandtryagainuntilwe

achieveourgoals.Forthatreason,nomatterwhatdifficultieswemeet,wewon，tfail

unlesswegiveupourhopes.Ourlifeislikealongjourneywhichisnotallroses.

Itsometimeshaswindandrain.Webelieverainbowwillappearafterstorms.(2)We

willrealizeourdreamsatlastifwedoourbest.Cooperationisalsonecessary.

(3)Everyonelikesapersonwhoisgoodatcooperatingwithothers.(4)除止匕之夕卜，

在我们这个社会里,大多数困难不行能被，个人单独解决。Eachofusislikeapartof

amachine.Ifonepartisn，tinorder,themachinecan'tworkwell.It'shardfor

apersonwhoisawayfromthesocietytohaveadeepunderstandingoftheworld.

Cooperationisbecomingoneofthemostwaysforpeoplelivinginthedeveloping

society.Asasayinggoes“Onetreedoesn，tmakeaforest."Atthesametime,we

shouldlearntoexamineourabilitiesbecauseithelpsusknowaboutouradvantages

anddisadvantagesaswellasgetafullcontrolofourselves.Thenwemaybeconfident

enoughtofacechallenges.Followthesuggestionsabove,andourdreamsaresureto

cometrue.

1.把⑴处的句子改成复合句。

2.把⑵处的句子改成并列句。

3.把⑶处的句子译成汉语。

4.把⑷处的句子译成英语。

5.写出文章的标题。

Passage3

Nowstudents,Englishhandwritinggetsworseandworse.Thatmakestheir

teachersfeelworried.IsyourEnglishhandwritingbeautiful?Ifnot,herearefour

stepsthatreallywork!

♦Usepaperthathaslines

UsingpaperthathaslinescankeepyouwritingstraightwhenyouwriteEnglish

wordsorsentences.Thoselinesonthepapercanhelpyoutowritewordsintheright

size.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapital

letters（大写字母）arewrittenproperly.

♦SIowdown

Ifyourwritingishardtoread,tryslowingdownalittle.Forsomekids,going

slowermakesthehandwritingclear.Ifyouwritetoofast,it'shardforyoutostop

whereyoushould,andevenworse,youmaymakemoremistakes.

♦Holdyourpencilright

Whenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingismucheasier.Somekids

press（按，压）downreallyhardwhentheywrite.Thatmakesthehandwritingnotnice.

Trytorelaxyourselfanddon，tholdthepencilsohard.Letyourwritingappear

niceandclean.Ifyoudoso,peoplewillguessyouareastudentwithagoodhabit.

♦Drawmorepictures

Drawingcanimproveyourhandwriting.Youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyour

pencilbetterwhenyouaredrawingpictures.Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodraw

atschool,youcanpracticebyyourselfathome.

Handwritingisveryimportant.Imagineyouareaworld-famousmoviestarora

well-knownsportsplayer,whatdoyoudowhenyourfansrunuptoyou?Givethemyour

autographs（亲笔签名）,ofcourse!

阅读下面短文,依据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息,每空一词。

Four]tomakeyourhandwritingbeautifulUsepaper2linesUsingpaper

thathaslinescanstopyoufromwritingupor3whenyouwriteEnglishwords

orsentences.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapital

lettersarewritten4.

Slowdown

Tryslowingdownalittle.Ifyouwritetoofast,it'shardforyoutostopwhere

youshould,andyoumaymakemore5.

6yourpencilright.Whenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingis

much7.Trytobe8anddon，tholdthepencilsohard.

Drawmorepictures

While9pictures,youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyourpencilbetter.

Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodrawatschool,youcanpractice10athome.

Passage4

下面是一篇关于个人爱好的文章。请细致阅读,然后依据信息卡内容的要求填入相关信

息。

Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,playingtennisandwatchingTV.But

readingismyfavoritehobby.

Ilikereadingforthreereasons.Firstofall,booksintroducemetoanew

world,whichiscolorfulandwithouttimeandspacelimit.Throughreading,Icango

backtoancientEgypt.IcanalsogototheUnitedStates,agreatlandIhavebeen

longingtovisit.

Secondly,readingcanimprovemyselfbyshowingmeanewhorizon(见识).Inthe

pastfewyears,Ihavegotmostofmyknowledgefrombooks.Ihavelearnedfrommany

peoplebyreadingabouttheirideasonscience,politics,lifeandsociety.

Thirdly,readingcanbridgethegap(差星巨)betweenmydreamandmygoal.Inorder

tosucceedinmycareer(事业)inthefuture,Imustkeepreading,thinkingand

practicing.Readinghasbecomeapartofmylife.Duringtheday,Ispendsometime

readingbooks,newspapersandmagazines.Atnight,Icanhardlygotosleepwithout

anovelinmyhand.

InformationCard

Whatotherhobbiesdoesthewriterhavebesides

(1)

reading?

(2)_________________

Threereasonswhythewriterlikesreading(3)

(4)

Whattoread?(5)_________________

Passage5(2013•江苏连云港)

OperationSmilewasstartedbyadoctorandhiswife,anurse,In1982they(A)

thePhilippines,withagroupofvolunteerstohelpchildrenwhohadproblemswith

theirfaces.Thesechildrenhadholesintheirlipsorinsidetheirmouths.Itwas

very(B)difficultforthesechildrentoeat.

TheyhelpedmanychildreninthePhilippines,buttheyweresad,because(C)

他们没有足够的钱tohelpallthechildren.Theydecidedtostartacharitysothat

theycouldhelpthem.TheycalledOperationSmile.

NowOperationSmilehelpschildren(D)morethantwentydevelopingcountriesand

hascuredabouttenthousandchildren.OperationSmilehaswonmanyprizesforits

workandin1999,anotherspecialactivitywasstarted,whichwascalled“TheWorld

JourneyofHope”.Duringthisactivity,morethanfivethousandchildrenwithholes

intheirfacesandlipswerecuredineighteendifferentcountriesaroundthe

world.

OperationSmilealsotrainsdoctorsindevelopingcountriessothattheycan

continuetohelpchildreneven(E)theOperationSmileteamhasleftthe

country.ChildrenwithseriousproblemsarebroughttotheUSAfortreatment(治

疗).(F)AHofthiscostsalot,sopleasegiveasmuchaspossible.Manythanksfrom

thechildrenwhocansmile.

1.在(A)和(E)空白处分别填入适当的单词。

AE

2.分别写出画线部分(B)和(D)处的同义词或近义词。

BD

3.将画线部分(C)处翻译成汉语。

C___________

4.将画线部分(F)处改写为同义句。

Allofthis.

5.找出能说明本文的中心大意的主题短语:.

Passage6(2013•江苏连云港二模)

Doyoufindenoughtimeforlaughing?I'mnotaskingifyouexperiencelotsof

goodtimes.Ofcourse,weshouldlaughduringthehappytimes.Butdoyoualsolaugh

duringthedifficulttimes?

ErmaBombeckisknownforherfunnybooks.Butshewroteoneaboutamoreserious

subject-cancer（癌症）inchildren.Thebookistitled,IWANTEDTOGROWHAIR,IWANT

TOGROWUP.Ermatalkswithmanychildrenwhohavecancerandlearnsimportantlessons

fromthem.Shelearns,forexample,thatcancersurvivors（生还者）knowhowtheyshould

smileatlife,thoughtheyarereceivingchemotherapy（化疗）.

Shetellsabouttheexperienceof15-year-oldJessica.Jessica，slegwascut

offatthekneebecauseofcancer.Shewaslearningtowearaprosthesis（假肢）.

Jessicatoldaboutplayingsoccer.Shehittheballhardwithherfoot.Theball

flewoffinonedirection（方向）whileherman-madelegflewanotherway.Thenthe

bravegirllayonthefloor,laughinghappily.

Asthesayinggoes（正如谚语所说），“There'satimetocryandatimetolaugh.v

Doyoufindplentyoftimetolaugh?Youcan一ifyoufindreasonstolaughduring

thedifficulttimes.Survivorsknowhowtolaugh.Ifyoucanlaughevenwhenyou，re

introuble,youwillmakeit.RemembeD,laughandthawholeworldlaughwithyou.Cry

andyoucryalone!

任务一依据短文内容回答问题：

1.Whendoweusuallylaugh,duringthehappytimesorduringthedifficulttimes?

2.WhatimportantlessonsdoesErmalearnfrommanychildren?

任务二选择最佳答案

3.WhywasJessica，slegcutoffattheknee?Because.

A.shehascancer

B.shewroteabook.

C.shehastrouble

D.sheflewanotherway

4.Whatdosurvivorsknowtododuringthedifferenttimes?They.

A.knowwhytolaugh

B.knowhowtocry

C.knowhowtolaugh

D.knowwhentocry

任务三把短文中的黑体字部分翻译成汉语：

5..

参考答案与解析

Passage1

【主旨大意】本文主要介绍一个人的眼睛盯着某人超过十秒钟的话，对方就会感觉不舒适,

甚至会觉