2024年高考英语总复习：综合能力测试(选修八-Unit1-Unit5-含解析)

高考资源网〔〕，您身边的高考专家欢迎广阔教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。高考资源网〔〕，您身边的高考专家欢迎广阔教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。综合能力测试八(选修8)时间：120分钟总分值：150分第一卷(共115分)第一局部：听力(共两节，总分值30分)第一节：(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthepackedlunch?A.Drinks.B.Cake.C.Fruit.2.Howmuchdoeseachticketcost?A.11.2dollars.B.10dollars.C.5.6dollars.3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bossandemployee.C.Guardandvisitor.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Employerandemployee.5.WhatisBilldoingnow?A.He'slisteningtotheradio.B.He'stalkingonthephone.C.He'sstayinginhospital.第二节：(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，每题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，答复第6至8题。6.Whatdoesthegirl'smothermostlikelydo?A.Shemaybeadoctor.B.Shemaybeabanker.C.Shemaybeateacher.7.Whereisthegirl'smothermostlikelynow?A.Athome.B.Intheschool.C.Inthehospital.8.What'stheman'stelephonenumber?A.8－55－3－22－99.B.8－55－33－2－99.C.8－55－33－22－9.请听第7段材料，答复第9至11题。9.Whatdoesthemanbeton?A.Horses.B.Basketball.C.Football.10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandworker.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Strangers.11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoifhehaslotsofmoney?A.Buyabeautifulcoat.B.Keepitinthebank.C.Travelaroundtheworld.请听第8段材料，答复第12至14题。12.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahospital.C.Inabank.13.Howdoesthewomanrespondtotheservicehere?A.Bycomplaining.B.Byquestioning.C.Byignoring.14.Whatdoesthemanpromisetodo?A.Paybackthewoman'smoney.B.Makeanapologytothewoman.C.Informsomeoneinchargeofthematter.请听第9段材料，答复第15至17题。15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Togoshopping.B.Towatchmovies.C.Todoweight－liftingtraining.16.whydoesthemankeeprunning?A.Togetrecovered.B.Tostayhealthy.C.Totakepartinthesportsmeet.17.Howoftendoesthewomanwanttogoswimmingaccordingtoherplan?A.Everytwodays.B.Everythreedays.C.Everyfourdays.请听第10段材料，答复第18至20题。18.What'sthemostseriouseatingproblemofwomen?A.Eatingtoomuchandbeingtoofat.B.Eatingtoolittleandbeingtooweak.C.Eatingnomeatandbeingtoothin.19.What'sthereasonfortheeatingproblem?A.Manywomenhavenoaccesstoenoughfood.B.Thesocietyfailstoprovideenoughfood.C.Thesocietyrequireswomentobethin.20.What'sthespeaker'sopinion?A.Womenshouldeatasmuchastheycan.B.Womenshouldfirstofallbehealthy.C.It'smeaningfulforwomentobebeautiful.听力局部录音材料(Text1)M：Sorry,Mum,where'smypackedlunch?W：It'sinthekitchen.I'vemadeyouthreesandwiches,andputtwoapplesandapieceofcaketoo.(Text2)W：Hello,Iwanttwoticketsfortomorrow'sgames.Here'sa10－dollarbill.M：Oh,10dollarsisn'tenough.Youshouldgivemeanother1.2dollars,please.(Text3)W：I'msorryIwaslateforwork,MrSmith,butIoverslept,becausemyalarmclockdidn'tworkthismorning.M：Well,it'sOKthistime,Mary.Butit'sdisturbingtherestofyourcolleagues,youknow.W：Yes,Iknow.Iwon'tletithappenagain.I'msosorry.(Text4)M：Yes,itlooksgood.Ilikethecolour.ButIthinkyoucanmakeitbetter.Iwillgiveyouenoughexpenses.W：Manyyoungpeoplelikethecolourandthestyletoo.Moreeffortonthetechnicalsidewouldhelp.(Text5)W：What'sthelatestnewsaboutBill?M：Italkedtohimlastnightonthephone.Hesaidhewasfeelingbetterandwouldbebackhometomo­rrow.(Text6)M：Hello,mayIspeaktoMrsBrown?W：Sorry,Mumisn'tin.Who'sthatspeaking?M：JohnSmith.Iworkinthesameschoolasyourmother.Couldyoutellmewhenshewillbeback?W：I'mnotsure.Sheleftforthebankhalfanhourago.Thenshemightgotothehospital.ShallItakeamessageforher?M：Allright,pleasetellhertocallmewhensheisback.Ihavesomethingimportanttodiscusswithher.Andmynumberis8－55－33－2－99.W：OK,sothat's8－55－33－2－99.M：That'scorrect.Thankyouverymuch.W：Youarewelcome.(Text7)W：Areyoudoingthefootballbets,Brian?M：Yes,I'venearlyfinished,Jane.I'msurewewillwinsomethingthisweek.W：Youalwayssaythat,butweneverwinanything!Whatwillyoudoifyouwinalotofmoney?M：Ifwewinalotofmoney,weshalltravelaroundtheworldandweshallstayatthebesthotels.Thenweshallreturnhomeandbuyabighouseinthecountry.Weshallhaveabeautifulgardenand...W：Butifwespendallthatmoneyweshallbepooragain.Whatshallwedothen?M：Ifwespendallthemoney,weshalltryandwinthefootballbetsagain.W：It'sapleasantdream,buteverythingdependson“if〞！(Text8)W：Waiter!I'dliketospeaktothemanagerplease...Immediatelyifpossible.M：Isanythingwrong,Madam?W：I'mafraidthereis.Theserviceherehasbeenterrible.Wehadtowaittwentyminutesforaglassofmineralwater.M：Isee.Well,I'msorrytohearthat.Thetroubleisthatwe'reabitshortofhandsatpresent.Twowaitressesareill.W：Allright,butthat'snoexcuse.Myhusbandaskedforgooseandhewasbroughtchickeninstead.It'sjustunbelievable!Andmybeansweren'tcookedproperly.Itwasn'taveryenjoyablemealatall.M：Thisismostregrettable.W：Lookatthisbill.We'vebeenovercharged.Weonlyhadonedessert,nottwo.Canyoucheckthebillagain,please?M：Idoapologize,Madam.W：I'mafraidI'mnotgoingtopaytheservicecharge,orgiveatip,asIdon'tfeelsatisfiedwithit.I'mquitedisappointedasamatteroffact.M：I'llpassonyourcomplaintstothemanagerrightaway.W：Thankyou.(Text9)M：What,Mary?You'regoingtoliftweights.W：Areyoulaughingatme?M：I'msorry.Ijustcan'timagineyouliftingweights.W：ButIwanttostart.Ineedtogetinshape.M：It'ssure.Ifapersondoesn'texercise,hewillbeoutofcondition.That'swhyIkeeprunning.W：SoIneedtodosomethingtoo.M：Butweight－liftingisn'tthebestchoice.Youshoulddosomekindofacrobaticexercise.W：Iknow.ButIwanttostarttodaywithalittleweight－lifting.ThenI'mgoingtogoswimming.M：Itsoundslikeagoodplantome.I'mstill...Imean...W：What?M：I'mstilljustsurprisedyoureallywanttodoit.Itdoesn'tseemtogowithyourcharacter.W：Well,ifthat'strue,thenIneedtochangemycharacter.Idon'twanttobecomeafatty.(Text10)Youmightthinkthatthemostdangeroustypeofeating,forwomen,isovereating.Butaccordingtomedicalrecords,that'snotthecase.Mostofthewomenwhodieofeatingproblemssufferfromstarvingthemselves.WhileovereatersfindthemselvesquiteOKexceptthattheyarejustfat,thosewhostarvethemselveshaveadifferentexperience.Tolookbeautiful,manywomeneatverylittle.Butwithoutenoughfood,theyareweakinhealth.Theymayfeelsickindifferentmoment—atmeetings,intheshoppingmalls,orwhilewalkingaround.Thisbecomesespeciallydangerouswhentheyaredrivingoroperatingmachines.Thereasonforthisissociety'sdemandonwomentobeoverlythin.It'sreportedthatover100womendieeachyearintheUnitedStatesalone,justbecausetheywanttomeetthisdemand.Whatweshouldknowisthatwhenyourlifeisindanger,isitmeaningfultoachievethatkindofbeauty?It'snecessaryforthosewhowanttokeepskinnytoreconsiderthemeaningofbeauty.答案1—5ACBCC6—10CCBCB11—15CAACC16—20BABCB第二局部：英语知识运用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。21．(2024·海南嘉积中学月考)—Look!HerecomesthebusandIhavetogonow.Thankyouforcomingtoseemeoff.—Goodbye,and________！A．congratulations B．cheerupC．allthebest D．goahead解析：allthebest一切顺利，万事如意，符合语境。congratulations祝贺你；cheerup振作起来；goahead请用吧。答案：C22．(2024·宁波市联考)—PleasetellSusantodropinwhenever________isconvenient.—Yes.Iwill.A．there B．itC．she D．that解析：wheneveritisconvenient方便时，为固定句型，convenient的主语不能是人。答案：B23．(2024·山东济钢高中冲刺)Duringthesummervocationwewentbacktotheschool________topayavisittoourteachersthoughitwas________hot.A．especially;inparticular B．specially;especiallyC．special;especial D．particularly;specially解析：specially和especially尽管都是副词，但是意思差异比较大。especially相当于inparticular，意思是“特别地〞；specially相当于onpurpose，意思是“专门地，特意地〞。答案：B24．(2024·山东济钢高中冲刺)—Howaboutthebookyouarereading?—Goodindeed.It________manyproblemswehavecomeacrossinourstudy.A．says B．talksC．covers D．refers解析：考查动词词意，cover“包括，涉及；论及〞。答案：C25．(2024·黑龙江省哈师大附中期末)________makesthissmallrestaurantdifferentisthatitoffersthreefreecupsofbeertoitscustomerseverySundaymorning.A．Who B．WhatC．Whoever D．Whatever解析：what引导主语从句，作从句中的主语。答案：B26．(2024·浙江杭西高中月考)Certaintrains________calledoffduetotheterribleaccidentonJuly23rd,theyhadtogotherebyplane.A．were B．havingbeenC．being D．hadbeen解析：certaintrains被取消发生在主句动作之前，故用完成式。havingbeencalledoff，构成独立主格结构，如果theyhadtogotherebyplane前有连词so，那么选D项。答案：B27．(2024·山东济南外国语学校质检)—Theheadteachersaidwehadonlythreedaystofinishtheproject.—Don'tworry.Wehavealready________twothirdsofit.A．takenover B．givenawayC．gotthrough D．madeup解析：getthrough完成。句意：——班主任说我们仅有三天完成这个工程。——别担忧。我们已经完成了三分之二。takeover接管；giveaway捐献；泄露；makeup编造。答案：C28．(2024·江西省高安中学模拟)—Theweatheristoocold________Marchthisyear.—Itwasstill________whenIcamehereyearsago.A．for;colder B．in;coldC．in;hot D．for;hotter解析：for表示“对于〞之意；still,even等副词后与形容词的比较级连用。答案：A29．(2024·江西省高安中学模拟)—Look,it____________again.—Yeah.Thisisthethirdsnowwe________thisspring.A．willsnow;arehaving B．hassnowed;hadhadC．issnowing;havehad D．snows;havehad解析：look后与现在进行时连用；Thisisthefirst/second/thirdtime...的从句中用现在完成时。答案：C30．—Wouldyoumindgivingyouradviceonhowtoimproveourlearningefficiency?—Ifyoumake________mostofforty­fiveminutes'classesdayafterday,therewillbe________switchingrades.A．/;/ B．the;aC．/;a D．the;/解析：makethemostof充分利用；aswitch一个改变。答案：B31．(2024·江西九校联考)Thepillsmighthavecuredhim,________hehadtakenthemregularly.A．thanksto B．incaseC．sothat D．ifonly解析：ifonly要是……就好了。答案：D32．(2024·浙江省瑞安中学期末)ThewinneroftheGrandSlamssaidthathehadowedhissuccesstomanypeople,hisparents________.A．afterall B．bychanceC．onpurpose D．inparticular解析：inparticular尤其。afterall毕竟；bychance碰巧；onpurpose成心。答案：D33．(2024·浙江大衢中学月考)—Jennytookthe8：00bustoGuangzhouthismorning.—Really?He________the9：00train.It'smuchmorecomfortableandsafertotravelbytrain.A．couldhavetaken B．musthavetakenC．shouldtake D．cantake解析：couldhavedone表示过去能够做某事却未做。答案：A34．(2024·安庆一中模拟)________thatquitealotofpeoplewereoutofwork.A．SobecameserioustheglobaleconomiccrisisB．SoseriousbecametheglobaleconomiccrisisC．SoseriousdidtheglobaleconomiccrisisbecomeD．Serioustheglobaleconomiccrisisbecameso解析：“so＋形容词/副词〞置于句首，句子采用局部倒装。答案：C35．(2024·浙江省嘉兴市期末)Hehasnevermixedwiththemorspokentothemonequalterms,buthasgenerallyreceivedrespect________hishighpositionandsuperiorintelligence.A．insteadof B．inadditiontoC．dueto D．inspiteof解析：dueto由于。句意：他从不和他们混在一起也没有平等地与他们讲过话，但是他一般地受到尊重因为他的高职务和超人的智力。insteadof而不是；inaddition除了……之外还；inspiteof尽管。答案：C第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。(2024·北京市海淀区期末)LastJanuaryIwasgivenachancetoworkinanothercountry.Atfirst,Iliveda__36__life,butsoonImetagroupofnewfriendsandtheywerereallynice.Thensomething__37__happened.Oneofourfriendssufferedfromkidneystones(肾结石),whichhadtobe__38__surgicallyassoonaspossible.Butitwasnotas__39__asthat!Ourfriendcouldnot__40__theoperation,whichputhimintodeep__41__.Ididn'tknowhowtohelphimbecauseIdidn'thaveanymoneyeither.__42__，Ineverlosthope.InsteadItriedtothinkofother__43__andtoldhimnottoworrybecauseeverythingwouldbeallright.BeforeIleftthehospital,Italkedtothesurgeonandaskedhimtodothesurgery,sayingIwouldpaytheexpensesthenextday__44__Ihadthatkindofmoney.Well,Imusthavebeen__45__becausethesurgeonagreedtodoit!ButhowwasIgoingtogetthatmuchmoney?AllIknewwasthatIneededtohelpmyfriend!Althoughitcouldbe__46__todealwiththiskindofsituation,Idecidedtomakesomeefforts.Itriedtoborrowmoneybutfailed.Itried__47__mythingsbutnoonewantedthem.ThenIhadtheideaoftalkingtomy__48__.IaskedhimifIcouldhavemynexttwomonths'salaryinadvance－withouteventhinkingonhowIwould__49__fortwomonthswithnomoney.Hewassurprisedandaskedmethereason.ItoldhimthatIhadafriendwhowasreallyinneed.__50__Iconvincedhimtooandthenhegavemytwomonths'salarywithoutany__51__！Upongettingthemoney,Irantothehospitalandpaidallthebills.Myfrienddidn'tknowhowtothankme.Ijustsaid,“Comeon!Givemea__52__！〞Friendshipmaynotonlybefoundatthehappymomentbutsometimesyoucanfinditonthe__53__timeinyourlife!I'vedoneagoodthingbybeinga(n)__54__friendandIthinkitiswellworththe__55__.36.A.private B．lonelyC.colorful D.normal37.A.strange B.wrongC.unexpected D.unfair38.A.removed B.reducedC.examined D.lifted39.A.terrible B.painfulC.simple D.special40.A.stand B.considerC.perform D.afford41.A.anxiety B.confusionC.embarrassment D.dissatisfaction42.A.Thus B.OtherwiseC.However D.Therefore43.A.reasons B.optionsC.symptoms D.expectations44.A.evenif B.asifC.sothat D.incase45.A.encouraging B.annoyingC.astonishing D.convincing46.A.challenging B.disturbingC.amazing D.scaring47.A.saving B.handlingC.donating D.selling48.A.colleague B.relativeC.boss D.surgeon49.A.adapt B.surviveC.continue D.wander50.A.Luckily B.SlightlyC.Constantly D.Occasionally51.A.analysis B.dignityC.hesitation D.remark52.A.favor B.hugC.promise D.reply53.A.best B.longestC.strangest D.toughest54.A.supportive B.sensitiveC.aggressive D.attentive55.A.tolerance B.sympathyC.pressure D.effort答案与解析36．B开始的时候我很孤单(lonely)，但很快就结交了一些新朋友。37．C后来发生了一件意想不到的(unexpected)事。38．A我的一位朋友得了肾结石，需要马上做手术取出(removed)结石。39．C但是事情远远没有这么简单(simple)。40．D他承担(afford)不起手术费，这让他变得非常焦虑(anxiety)。41．A见上一题解析。42．C然而(However)，我没有灰心。43．B我觉得还有选择的余地(options)，告诉他不要担忧，这世上没有过不去的坎！44．B我跟大夫说第二天我来交钱，就好似(asif)是我已经筹到了那笔钱似的。45．D我肯定是让医生确信(convincing)我不会食言——因为他容许我了。46．A尽管处理眼下这种情况很不好办(challenging)，但我还是要尽力。47．D我想变卖(selling)自己值钱的东西，但无人问津。48．C我想到了去找老板(boss)说说看。49．B我问他能不能预支两个月的工资给我——当时想都没想后面两个月自己没钱怎么过(survive)。50．A幸运的是(Luckily)我也说服了他，老板毫不犹豫地就容许了。51．Cwithoutanyhesitation毫不犹豫。52．B朋友不知道该怎样谢我，我说：“过来抱抱(hug)我就可以了！〞53．D人生得意时分不清谁是真朋友，危急(toughest)关头才会见证真正的友谊。54．A关键时刻作为朋友的我帮了他一个大忙(supportive)，算是做了一件好事。55．D我也觉得自己的努力(effort)非常值得。第三局部：阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)第一节：(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最正确选项。ATheoceancanbedividedintothreezonesbasedontheamountoflighteachreceives.TheSunlitZoneThisisthetoplayer,nearestthesurface.Itisalsocalledtheeuphoticzone.Herethereisenoughlightcomingintothewatertosupportphotosynthesis(光合作用)．Thesunlitzonegoesdownabout600feet.Becausephotosynthesisoccurshere,morethan90percentofallmarinelifelivesinit,includingmostfish.TheTwilightZoneOnlyasmallamountoflightgetsthroughthewatertoreachthiszone.Asthewaterbecomesdeeper,thepressureincreases.Plantsdonotgrowhere;onlyanimalsthathaveadaptedtohavinglittlelightcansurvive.Thetwilightzoneisalsoknownasthedisphoticzone.Thispartoftheoceanbeginsatabout600feetunderthewaterandreachesthedarkestpart,whichbeginsabout3,000feetdown.Somesquidandfishcanusetheirbodiestomakelight.TheMidnightZoneNinetypercentoftheoceanisinthemidnightzone.Itisentirelydark—thereisnolight.Thewaterpressureisextreme.Thetemperatureisnearfreezing.Themidnightzoneisalsocalledtheaphoticzone.Whatcanliveinthemidnightzone?Thelivingthingsfoundhereliveclosetocracksintheearth'scrust(地壳).Thesecracksgiveoffmineral­richmaterialsfromthecenteroftheearthitself.Specialkindsofbacterialivehere,andallotherthingslivinginthemidnightzonefeedonthesebacteria.56.Whydoesmostmarinelifeliveinthesunlitzone?A.Becausethiszoneisunderextremewaterpressure.B.Becausemanyspecialkindsoffishliveinthiszone.C.Becausephotosynthesistakesplaceinthiszone.D.Becausethiszonecontainsvarietiesofminerals.57.Thetwilightzonecoversadepthofabout________feet.A.600 B．2,400C.3,000 D.3,60058.Mostcreaturesinthemidnightzoneliveon________.A.water B．bacteriaC.minerals D.fish59.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．LightzonesintheoceanB．LivingthingsintheoceanC．ThedepthoftheoceanD．Thesecretoftheocean答案与解析56．C由文中第3段“Becausephotosynthesisoccurshere,morethan90percentofallmarinelifelivesinit,includingmostfish〞可知。57．B由文中第6段“Thispartoftheoceanbeginsatabout600feetunderthewaterandreachesthedarkestpart,whichbeginsabout3,000feetdown〞可知，3000－600＝2400。58．B由该篇最后一句可知：在午夜层有特殊细菌存在，而其他(除细菌以外)生物均靠细菌为生。59．A文章开头写道“Theoceancanbedividedintothreezonesbasedontheamountoflighteachreceives〞可知，本文讲的是根据接收阳光多少对海洋分层。后面分别对三个海洋层展开说明。BNextHalloween,asmallvegetablethatlookslikeapumpkinmayappearinagardennearyou.Thevegetableisatypeofpepperthatiscalled“Lil'Pumpkin〞.It'sveryspecialbecauseithasorange,pumpkin­likefruit.Youmightthinkthatallvegetablesaregrowntoprovidefoodtoeat.Butsomevegetablesaregrownmainlyforthelivelycolorandholidayspiritthattheybringtogardens.Thesearecalled“ornamentals(欣赏性植物)〞.JustlikelightsdecorateaChristmastree,theydecorateagarden.Thepepperswerebred(培育)byAgriculturalResearchService(ARS)scientistsJohnStommelandRobertGriesbach.Anotherpepperthescientistsdevelopediscalled“PepperJack〞.BecausePepperJackhasorangeandblackcone－shaped(锥形的)fruit,itmightremindyouofthepopularHalloweentreat“candycorn〞．StommelsaysthatvegetablecropssuchaspepperswerefirstwidelygrowninEuropeinthe15thcentury.Atthattime,peoplelikedthesecropsmorebecausetheylookedprettythanbecausetheyprovidedfood.Backthen,whenagardenergrewplantsfordecorationandplantsforfood,thegardenwascalleda“potager〞.Anexampleofthisisthelargegardensonthelawns(草坪)ofcastlesandverylargehomeswherekingsandqueenslived.OneofthoselargeroyalhomeswastheFrenchking'spalaceatVersaillesduringthe1600s.Thepalaceisstilltheretoday,andpeoplefromallovertheworldstillgotheretovisitandseethegardens.Today,Stornmelsaysusingvegetablesasdecorationsingardenshasbecomepopularagain.Soyoumightbewondering,ifthesepeppersarefordecoration，canpeopleeatthem?Yes,butthefruitfrombothofthesepeppershasasharptaste(kindoflikeonions)．Thesepeppersarescheduledtobecomeavailableinmid2024.Theseprettypepperscanbegrownincontainersandalsoingardenbeds.Theygrowbestwithplentyoflightandwarmtemperatures，Stommelsays.60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Differentkindsofpeppers.B.Thehistoryofpeppers.C.PepperswiththeHalloweenspirit.D.FoodfortheHalloweenfestival.61.Whatdoweknowabout“Lil'Pumpkin〞and“PepperJack〞？A.TheyareusedtodecorateChristmastrees.B.Theyaregrownmainlytoprovidefoodtoeat.C.Theirfruitshavedifferentshapes.D.Theirfruitsarethesamecolor.62.Theunderlinedword“they〞inParagraph2refersto______.A.thesevegetables B．theseholidaysC.theselights D.thesescientists63.Accordingtothepassage,apotagerwas________.A.theplacewherekingsandqueenslivedB.thegardenintheFrenchking'spalaceC.aplaceprovidingvegetablesfortheroyalhomesD.agardenwithplantsfordecorationandforfood答案与解析60.C主旨大意题。读文章第1段可知本文主要介绍的是这种外表酷似南瓜的辣椒，而南瓜是万圣节的标志，故答案为C项。61．C细节理解题。第1段中说到了第一种辣椒外表像南瓜，而根据第3段中的“BecausePepperJackhasorangeandblackonce­shaped〞可知第2种辣椒的形状是锥形的，故答案为C项。62．A词义猜测题。联系本段前面的“Butsomevegetablesaregrownmainlyforthelivelycolorandholidayspiritthattheybringtogardens〞可知这里指那些蔬菜。63．D细节理解题。根据第5段的首句“Backthen,whenagardenergrewplantsofdecorationandplantsforfood,thegardenwascalleda‘potager’〞可知答案为D项。CGenerationsofchildrengrewupreadingcomic(漫画)bookssecretly,hidingoutfromparentsandteacherswhosawthemasawasteoftimeandarisktoyoungminds.Comicsarenowgaininganewrespectabilityatschool.Thatisthankstoanincreasinglypopularandcreativeprogram,oftenaimedatstrugglingreaders,thatencourageschildrentoplot,writeanddrawcomicbooks,inmanycasesusingthemesfromtheirownlives.TheComicBookProjectwasstartedin2001byMichaelBitzatanelementaryschoolinQueens.Sinceitscreation,theprogram,whichismainlyconductedafterschool,hasspreadtomorethan850schoolsacrossthecountry.IthasgottenabigpushfromtheCanentcraze(狂热)amongadolescentsforcomicbookclubsandforManga,awidlypopularvarietyofcomicoriginatinginJapan.Thepointisnottodropacomicbookonachild'sdeskandsay“readthis〞.Rather,theworkshopsgivegroupsofstudentstheopportunitytocollaborate(合著)onoftencomplexstoriesandcharactersthattheythenrevise,publishandsharewithothersintheircommunities.Teachersarefindingiteasiertoteachwriting,grammarandpunctuationwithmaterialthatstudentsarefullyinvestedin(投入).Anditturnsoutthatcomicbookshaveotherbuiltinadvantages.Thepairingofvisualandwrittenplotlinesthattheyrelyonappeartobeespeciallyhelpfultostrugglingreaders.Nooneissuggestingthatcomicbooksshouldsubstitutefortraditionalbooksorforstandardreadingandcompositionlessons.Teacherswhowouldoncehavedismissedcomicsoutofhandarelearningtoexploit(利用)astylethatclearlyhasapowerfulholdonyoungminds.Theyareusingwhatworks.64.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?A.JapaneseComicBooks.B.ComicBooksintheClassroom.C.ReadingEfficiently.D.ACurrentCraze.65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Students'readingmaterialsareofteninvolvedwiththeirdailylife.B.Comicbookscannowtaketheplaceoftextbooksatschool.C.Teachersnowgiveawaycomicbooksforchildrentoread.D.Children'simaginationplaysakeyroleincomicbooks.66.ThemainpurposeoftheComicBookProjectisto________.A.developthecooperationamongadolescentsB.makesurethatstudentslivearichandcolorfullifeafterschoolC.helpstudentswhohavesomedifficultyinreadingD.popularizeanewmethodofteaching67.Itcanbeinferredthat________.A.comicbookswerefirstusedinJapaneseschoolsB.parentshavedifferentopinionsabouttheirchildrenreadingcomicbooksC.moreandmoreteacherswillrealizetheadvantagesofcomicbooksD.comicbookswillbeallowedtoenteralltheschoolsinthecountry答案与解析64．B主旨大意题。第一段提出全文主题：Comicsarenowgaininganewrespectabilityatschool.之后围绕该主题具体介绍漫画在学校教育中的意义和作用，由此判断全文标题应该是：教室中的漫画。应选B项。65．C细节理解题。根据最后一段“Teachersarefindingiteasiertoteachwriting,grammarandpunctuationwithmaterialthatstudentsarefullyinvestedin(投入).Anditturnsoutthatcomicbookshaveotherbuiltinadvantages.〞可知老师给学生提供漫画书让他们阅读，应选C项。66．D细节理解题。根据第一段“Thatisthankstoanincreasinglypopularandcreativeprogram,oftenaimedatstrugglingreaders,thatencourageschildrentoplot,writeanddrawcomicbooks,inmanycasesusingthemesfromtheirownlives.〞可知，该工程的目的旨在普及一种新教学法——漫画教学法。应选D项。67．C推理判断题。根据最后一段对“漫画教学〞的优势的介绍可推断，越来越多的人会意识到漫画书的好处。应选C项。D(2024·北京高考)Decision­makingunderStressAnewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages，causingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative(负面的)consequencesofadecision.Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.“Stressaffectshowpeoplelearn，〞saysProfessorMaraMather.“Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.〞Forexample，tworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages(影像)witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperiment，someoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience；intheother，somewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcases，thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn'tgonethroughthestress.Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress—atthosemoments，onlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestomind.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.Notonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetter，butnegativeconsequencesarealsolesseasilyrecalled.Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecision­makingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstress，theirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold­watertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk­takingcanpayoffbig，menmaytendtodobetter；whencautionweighsmore，however，womenwillwin.Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen：theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.68．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto________.A．keeprewardsbetterintheirmemoryB．recallconsequencesmoreeffortlesslyC．makeriskydecisionsmorefrequentlyD．learnasubjectmoreeffectively69．Accordingtotheresearch，stressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir________.A．waysofmakingchoicesB．preferenceforpleasureC．toleranceofpunishmentsD．responsestosuggestions70．Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation,________.A．womenfinditeasiertofallin