2025届高考英语一轮总复习必修五Unit2TheUnitedKingdom学案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit2TheUnitedKingdom必备学问·盘点夯基BIBEIZHISHIPANDIANHANGJIⅠ．单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1．__clarify__vt．澄清；阐明2．__conflict__n．冲突；冲突3．__unwilling__adj．不情愿(的)；不乐意(的)4．__enjoyable__adj．令人开心的；使人兴奋的5．__possibility__n．可能(性)6．__quarrel__n．争吵；争辩；吵架vi．争吵；吵架7．__sightseeing__n．观光；巡游8．__accomplish__vt．完成；达到；实现9．__countryside__n．乡下；农村10．__alike__adj．相同的；类似的11．__uniform__n．制服12．__fold__vt．折叠；对折1．Weshouldsettle__conflicts__(冲突)inapeacefulway;thusfriendshipcomesintobeing．2．Wespentthedays__sightseeing__(观光)andtheeveningssittinginthebarsdrinkingthelocalwine．3．Thisisagoodchancetogoabroad,sosheis__unwilling__(willing)togiveitup．4．__Havingquarrelled__(quarrel)withhiswifeaboutwhoshouldwashthedishes,hefeltveryupset．5．Ithinkthiswasperhapsthemost__enjoyable__(enjoy)occasionwehaveeverhadattheWhiteHouse．6．Mr．Yanglookedatthestudentsatthebackoftheclassroom,withhisarms__folded__(fold)acrossthechest．7．Isthereany__possibility__(possible)thatyoucandefeathiminthenextgame?拓展单词1．__unite__vi．&vt．联合；团结→__united__adj．团结的；联合的→__union__n．联合；联盟；结合；协会2．__convenience__n．便利；便利→__convenient__adj．便利的3．__description__n．描写；描述→__describe__vt．描述；形容；描绘4．__attract__vt．吸引；引起留意→__attraction__n．吸引，吸引力→__attractive__adj．有吸引力的5．__arrange__vt．筹备；支配；整理→__arrangement__n．布置；整理6．__delight__n．欢乐；兴奋；喜悦vt．使兴奋；使欣喜→__delighted__adj．兴奋的；欢乐的→__delightful__adj．令人兴奋的7．__collection__n．保藏品；珍藏；收集→__collect__vt．收集8．__furnished__adj．配备好装备的；带家具的→__furnish__vt．装饰；布置→__furniture__n．家具，设备1．It'svery__convenient__formetoringyouup．Thereisa__convenience__storenearmyhome．(convenient)2．He__described__therobberyindetailtothepolicemanandhis__description__wasveryvaluable—thepolicecaughttherobberinashorttime．(describe)3．What__attracts__memostinBeijingisthattherearemany__attractions__,liketheGreatWall,theSummerPalaceandsoon．Theyareso__attractive__asto__attract__eyesfromeverycorneroftheworld．(attract)4．Ourdepartmentwillbeinchargeof__arranging__theconference．Wouldyoupleasegiveussomesuggestionsonthe__arrangement__forit?(arrange)5．Twodayslater,tomyteacher's__delight__，Iwas__delighted__tohandinallofmyworkontime．(delight)联想积累：1．仅“一字母之差”的单词①statue雕像→status身份②affect影响→effect影响；效果③adapt适应→adopt收养④sweat汗水→sweet甜的⑤content内容→context语境；上下文⑥march前进→match竞赛⑦expand扩张→expend花费2．前缀a-高频表语形容词大全①alike相同的；类似的②asleep睡着的③alive活的；有活力的④awake醒着的⑤afraid胆怯 的⑥ashamed惭愧的3．名词后缀-ing集锦①sightseeing观光；巡游②shoemaking制鞋；修补皮鞋③fishing钓鱼；捕鱼④advertising广告；广告宣扬⑤accounting会计学⑥banking银行业；银行业务⑦drawing素描画；绘画Ⅱ．短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1．__consistof__由……组成2．__divide．．．into__把……分成3．__breakaway(from)__摆脱(束缚)；脱离4．__toone'scredit__为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下5．__leaveout__省去；遗漏；不考虑6．__taketheplaceof__代替7．__breakdown__(机器)损坏；破坏8．__referto__谈到，说到；参考；涉及9．__makealistof__把……列出清单10．__onshow__展览11．__inmemoryof__为了纪念12．__breakout__爆发语境运用1．TheQueen'sGuardismadeupofagroupofsoldiers,who__aredividedinto__twogroups．2．Robert__brokeawayfrom__thegangayearago,sohehadnothingtodowiththeattack．3．Itwasgreatly__tohiscredit__thatthehighschoolteachersenttheelderlymanbackhomeonfoot．4．Themostimportantwordsinthissentencehavebeen__leftout__,soitdoesn'tmakeanysense．5．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)Theglowingplantsinthefuturecouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants．6．ThebusItook__brokedown__onthewaythismorning．ThisiswhyIwaslateforwork．7．Itwasfoolishofyouto__referto__yournotesinsuchanimportanttest．Asaresult,yougotpunished．8．Hesetupamonument__inmemoryof__hergreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofourcountry．Ⅲ．句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1．Worriedaboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadmadealistofthesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon．由于担忧时间不够，张苹玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了一张清单。worriedabout．．．为过去分词短语作缘由状语。1．(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)由于忙于很多重要的事情，这周末我不能和你一起去书店了。__Occupiedinmanyimportantthings__，Ican'tgotothebookstorethisweekendwithyou．2．Itlookedsplendidwhenfirstbuilt!刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！whenfirstbuilt是whenitwasfirstbuilt的省略形式。2．(2024·北京卷书面表达)在农场摘西瓜的时候，我意识到了劳动的真正含义。__Whilepickingwaterlemonsonthefarm__，Irealizedtherealmeaningoflabour．3．ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon．这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。Itseemedstrangethat．．．“……似乎有点儿惊异”，shouldhavedone表示对过去发生的事情感到惊异。3．(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)这似乎是一件怪事：这个周末我竟然那么忙。ItseemsstrangethatI__shouldbesobusy__thisweekend．4．Whatinterestedhermostwasthelongitudeline．她最感爱好的是那条(通过天文台的)经线。what引导主语从句。4．(全国卷Ⅲ)使我最担忧的是两周后要进行的期末考试。__Whatworriesmemost__ismyfinalexamwhichwillbeheldtwoweekslater．INC"核心素养·精讲层练HEXINSUYANGJINGJIANGCENGLIAN1．conveniencen．便利；便利eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展convenientadj．便利的；便利的；相宜的inconveniencen．不便利；不便inconvenientadj．不便利的eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)forconvenience为了便利起见atone'sconvenience在某人便利的时候ifitsuitsone'sconvenience假如某人便利(2)Itisconvenientforsb．todosth．某人便利做某事eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示convenient作表语时，不行用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你便利的时候”应翻译成whenitisconvenientfor/toyou，而不是whenyouareconvenient。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①(2024·浙江6月卷写作)Ifyouareinterested,pleasesendanapplicationemailatyourearliest__convenience__(convenient)．②(2024·江苏卷)Toenjoythe__convenience__(convenient)ofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones．③Itisn'tconvenient__totalk__(talk)atthemoment;I'minthemiddleofameeting．提能—单句写作。④(2024·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)__Ifitisconvenientforyou__，let'smeetat8∶30a．m．outsidetheschoolgate．假如你便利的话，我们上午8∶30在学校门口外面见面。2．attractvt．吸引；引起留意eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展attractionn．好玩的东西；吸引人之物attractiveadj．有吸引力的；引起留意的；引起爱好的eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)attractone'sattention/mind吸引某人的留意力attract．．．to．．．把……吸引到……(2)havenoattractionforsb．对某人没有吸引力touristattractions风景名胜eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Q))巧学助记一言串记attractI'mattractedtoher,butIhavenoattractionforher;thatmeansshedoesn'tfindmeattractiveatall．我被她吸引，但是我对她没有吸引力，这意味着她根本不觉得我是有吸引力的。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①TVshoppingis__attractive__(attract)becauseyoucanbuythingseasilywithoutgoingout．②__Toattract__(attract)morevisitors,theBeijingGardenExpoParkgivesrosestovisitingcouples．③(全国卷Ⅰ)Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop__attraction__(attract)．④Thecompanyisstartinganewadvertisingcampaigntoattractnewcustomers__to__itsstores．⑤TheTowerofLondonisoneofthemostpopulartourist__attractions__(attract)inLondon．提能—一句多译。吸引人们到西湖的是它的自然美景和丰富的文化底蕴。⑥__WhatattractspeopletotheWestLake__isitsbeautifulsceneryandrichculture．⑦Itisitsbeautifulsceneryandrichculture__thatattractpeopletotheWestLake__．(强调句型)3．arrangevt．筹备；支配；整理eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展arrangementn．支配；筹备eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)arrangesth．forsb．为某人支配某事arrangetodosth．支配做某事arrangefor．．．todosth．支配……做某事arrangethat．．．商定……；支配……(2)makearrangements/anarrangementfor．．．为……支配好eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津(1)表示“支配某人做某事”用arrangeforsb．todosth．而不用arrangesb．todosth；(2)makearrangementsfor中的arrangement常用复数形式。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①(2024·新高考卷语法填空)Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivities__for__children．②Ifyouareinterested,pleasesignupattheofficebefore5∶00p．m．nextThursdaysothatwewillmakenecessary__arrangements__(arrange)．夯基—单句改错。③IhavearrangedTomtopickuptheexpertsattheairport．__arranged后加for__提能—单句写作。④(2024·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)__Wehavearrangedthattheshortfilmwillbeonshow__from16∶00to17∶30atourschooltheatretomorrow．我们已经支配好这部短篇电影将于明天下午四点到五点半在我们学校剧院放映。4．delightn．欢乐；兴奋；喜悦vt．(使)兴奋；(使)欣喜eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展delightedadj．兴奋的；欢乐的delightfuladj．令人开心的；宜人的eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)delightsb．withsth．用某物使某人兴奋(2)take(great)delightin．．．以……为乐toone'sdelight使某人兴奋的是(3)bedelightedat/bysth．为某事而兴奋bedelightedtodosth．为做某事而兴奋eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①(2024·天津卷书面表达)We'remorethan__delighted__(delight)toknowthatyouwillgiveusalectureaboutwesternartduringthecomingsummerholiday．②What__delighted__(delight)mewasthatIwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony．提能—一句多译。(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)我特别兴奋有机会告知你有关中国文化和餐桌礼仪的一些事情。③→__Whatdelightsme__isthatIhaveagoodchancetotellyousomethingaboutChinesecultureandtablemanners．(delightvt．)④→__I'mmorethandelighted__tohaveagoodchancetotellyousomethingaboutChinesecultureandtablemanners．(delightedadj．)⑤→__Muchtomydelight__，IhaveagoodchancetotellyousomethingaboutChinesecultureandtablemanners．(delightn．)5．consistof．．．由……组成eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展bemadeupof．．．由……组成consistin＝liein存在于；在于consistwith．．．与……一样/相符eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津consistof不能用于被动语态和进行时态。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空/同义句转换。①Thecompany__consisting__(consist)of15smallfactoriesisfacingaseriousfinancialcrisis．②AsfarasIknow,theclubconsists__of__eighteenmembers．→AsfasasIknow,theclub__ismadeupof__eighteenmembers．→AsfarasIknow,eighteenmembers__makeup__theclub．提能—一句多译。(2024·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。③Theshortfilm,__consistingof/madeupoftwoparts__,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool．(分词作定语)④Theshortfilm,__whichconsistsof/ismadeupoftwoparts__，introducesthepresentsituationofourschool．(定语从句)6．breakdown(机器)损坏；破坏；(谈判、希望、支配等)失败；裂开；(化学)分解；(身体)垮掉eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展breakin打断(谈话)；插嘴breakinto闯入breakthrough突破；穿透breakoff打断；折断；中断breakout(斗争、火灾等)爆发breakup分散；拆散；驱散；(关系等)裂开breakawayfrom脱离(政党)；打破(陈规、陋俗)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Q))巧学助记eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—写出下列句中breakdown的含义。①Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached．__(谈判)失败__②Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyoualwaysstayuplate．__(身体)垮掉__③ItwasbadluckthatmycarbrokedownonthewaytoBeijing．__出故障__④(2024·北京卷)Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills．__(化学)分解__提能—句式升级⑤Theelevatordidn'tworkandwehadtowalkuptothetenthfloor．→Theelevator__brokedown__andwehadtowalkuptothetenthfloor．7．ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon．这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。句中“Itseemedstrangethat．．．”意为“……似乎有点儿惊异”，that从句中的should意为“竟然”，shouldhavedone表示对过去发生的事情感到惊异。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)It＋seems/seemed＋adj．＋that．．．似乎……，似乎……(2)should常用于主语从句中，表示“惊异、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此”。常用句式有：Itisimportant/necessary/natural/strangethat．．．；Itisapity/ashamethat．．．等。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—补全句子/单句语法填空。①ItisstrangethatWangHengyi,athree-year-oldboy__shouldhavemasteredsomanyChinesecharacters__(竟然驾驭了如此多的汉字)．②Inmyopinion,itisimportantthatwe__(should)value__(value)ourfriendsinsteadofphonesinourreallife．提能—单句写作。③__Itisagreatpity/shamethat__theyoungman__shouldhavemissed__suchagoldenopportunity．真惋惜，这位年轻人竟会失去这样一个绝好的机会。INCLU"高效演练·素能提升GAOXIAOYANLIANSUNENGTISHENGⅠ．单句语法填空1．Itwassadtomethatthey,sopoorthemselves,__should__bringmefood．解析：考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：他们自己那么穷，给我带来了食物，这让我(感动得)心里不好受。should可以用在that引导的从句中，跟在某些形容词或动词之后，表示“竟然，尽然”，带有惊异的语气。2．Foracaselikethis,we'llarrangeforalawyer__tovisit__(visit)yourneighborwithyou．解析：arrangeforsb．todosth．“支配某人做某事”。3．Samhasbeenappointedmanageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotake__the__placeofGeorge．解析：考查固定短语。taketheplaceof“代替”。4．__To__mydelight,Iwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony．解析：toone'sdelight“令某人兴奋的是”。5．Thesecretaryarrangeda(n)__convenient__(convenience)timeandplacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview．解析：句意：秘书为求职者们支配了一个便利的时间和地点进行面试。convenient“便利的，便利的”。6．Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair-conditioningsystembroke__down__．解析：考查动词短语的用法。句意：他不得时常的停下来擦额头上的汗，因为空调坏了。breakdown损坏；发生故障；失败。7．Thousandsofforeigners__wereattracted__(attract)totheShanghaiWorldExpothedayitopened．解析：句意：在上海世博会开幕的当天，数以千计的外国人被吸引过来。8．Janewas__unwilling__(willing)toadmitshewaswronguntilwepresentedalltheevidence．解析：依据句意，简不情愿承认她错了，直到我们拿出全部的证据。unwilling“不情愿的”。9．(2024·浙江卷)Rockmusicconsists__of__manydifferentstyles．解析：句意：摇滚乐由各种不同风格的音乐组成。consistof“由……组成”。10．Thehusbandquarreled__with__hiswifeaboutwhoshoulddothehouseworkthatnight．解析：quarrelwithsb．aboutsth．“和某人争吵某事”。11．Inthejobinterviews,jobapplicantsoftenfindthemselves__asked__(ask)unexpectedquestions,someverydifficulttoanswer．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，ask和themselves是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用asked作find的宾语补足语。12．Imissed__the__meeting．Wouldyoupleasegiveme__a__briefdescriptionaboutit?解析：考查冠词。句意：我错过了会议。你能给我简要描述一下吗？第一空，表示双方都知道的那次会议，表特指概念，因此应用定冠词the；其次空，givesb．a(brief)descriptionabout/ofsth．意为“向某人(简要)描述某事”，为固定短语，因此应用不定冠词a。13．__Lost__(lose)intheforest,wehadtoremainwherewewere,waitingforhelp．解析：句意：在森林中迷了路，我们不得不待在原地等待救援。过去分词短语作缘由状语。14．__Havingbeendivided__(divide)intosixgroups,thestudentsbegantodiscussthetopicleftoverlasttime．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：学生被分为六个组之后就起先探讨上次留下的话题了。divide与其逻辑主语thestudents之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系且divide在句子谓语动词began之前发生，故用divide的现在分词被动形式作时间状语。15．Onlyteachersarepermittedtoenterthereading-room;thatistosay,thereading-roomisonly__accessible__(access)toteachers．解析：句意：只有老师被允许进入阅览室，也就是说，阅览室是专供老师们用的。beaccessibletosb．“对于某人来说可以进入或运用的”。Ⅱ．单句改错1．WillyoubeconvenienttochatwithmeontheInternettonight?__you→it__2．Ican'ttellyouhowdelightIwaswhenIreceivedthebeautifulbirthdaypresentyougaveme．__delight→delighted__3．Ihavearrangedhimtomeetyouatthehallonthefirstfloor．__arranged后加for__4．Thereisnopossibilityhewillbedefeatedinthegame．__possibility后加that__5．Roughspeaking,therearethreepossiblewaystohandletheproblem．__Rough→Roughly__6．Computerscannottakeplaceofhumanbrains，andnorcanothermachines．__take后加the__Ⅲ．单句写作1．让我兴奋的是，我被邀请到你们学校发表演讲。(what主语从句；delight)__WhatdelightsmeisthatIhavebeeninvitedtoyourschooltodeliveraspeech．__2．假如便利，请阐明你在这个问题上的立场。(clarify；convenient)__Ifitisconvenientfor/toyou，pleaseclarifyyourpositiononthisproblem．__3．当他第一次向那家杂志投稿时，他有点惊慌。(状语从句的省略；contribute)__Whencontributingtothemagazineforthefirsttime，hewasalittlenervous．__4．有可能他们还没支配好何时见面。(possibility；arrange)__Thereissomepossibilitythattheyhaven'tarrangedwhentomeet．__5．缺憾的是，我没能用和平的方式处理他们的冲突。(pity；handle；conflict)__ItisapitythatIhaven'thandledtheirconflictinapeacefulway．__Ⅳ．语篇填空TheUnitedKingdom__1．consists__(consist)ofEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland．Englandisthelargestandfor__2．convenience__(convenient)itisdividedroughlyintothreezones．Londonisthecentreofnationalgovernmentanditsadministration,withitsfinemuseums,artcollections__3．and__theoldestport．WhydidonlyNorthernIrelandjoinEngland?IntheearlytwentiethcenturyEnglishgovernmenttriedtoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIreland__4．connected__(connect)withoutconflict．However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeaway__5．toform__(form)itsowngovernment．Totheircredit,thecountriesdoworktogetherinthecurrency,internationalrelationsandsoon,buttheystillhaveverydifferent__6．institutions__(institution)．Itis__7．a__pitythatinEnglandthe__8．industrial__(industry)citiesdonotattractvisitors．Peoplecangototheolderbutsmallertowns__9．built__(build)bytheRomansforhistoricalarchitectureandtothecountryside__10．for__greatsceneryaswell．Ⅴ．话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法学问写满分作文假设你是李华，你校的外教Lucy准备下周末去北京进行一次短途旅行，希望你举荐一个最值得去的景点。请你用英文回信，向她举荐颐和园。内容包括：①简要介绍颐和园(中国现存的最完整的皇家花园，闻名景点包括昆明湖、万寿山、十七孔桥等)；②如有须要，情愿陪伴前往。补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①很兴奋得知你要去北京进行一次短途旅行，我想向你举荐颐和园。__DelightedtohearthatyouaretakingashorttriptoBeijing__,I'dliketorecommendtheSummerPalacetoyou．②颐和园是中国现存的最完整的皇家花园。Itisthemostcompleteimperialgarden__thatexistsinChina__．③颐和园是一个闻名的旅游胜