2024年福建省福州某中学高考英语三模试卷（含详细答案解析）

2024年福建省福州三中高考英语三模试卷

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。

A

Fourofthebestoff-grid（不入网的）staysintheUK

Shepherds*Retreat

Granitepeaks,vividgreenfieldsandspeedingcloudsareyouronlyneighboursatthisremotecottageinthe

Sperrins.Glassdoorsopenstraightontothislandscape,andthoughthere*snophonereceptionorwifi,there*sa

TVwithDVDs,andplentyofbookstoenjoybythefire.Therearestonecirclesandmountainbiketrails（4、路）

nearby.

LagganCottage

OntheArdnishpeninsula（半岛）andaccessibleonlybyboat一orathree-hourhike一thiscomfortableoff-grid

padisseriouslyisolated（偏僻的）.There1szeromobilesignalandnoTV.Paraffinlamps,wood-burningstoves

forhotwaterandaCalorgascookeraretheonlymodemconveniencesyouget.ltisperfectforaweekofwatching

thewildlife,hiking,andswimming.

TheStrawCottage

Candlesandlanterns,gaslampsandsolarlightscreateatmosphereatthisstraw-balecottage,constructedusing

centuries-oldmethods.Withnoelectricityorwifi,thishomesetonTyGwynFarmofferstrueescapism.Young

explorerscanbuilddens,playinthestream,followatreasurehuntandtoastmarshmallowsbythefire.Dogsare

welcome,too.

EastLodge

Otherthanthelackofwifi,EastLodgeisaperfectlycontemporarycottage.Archwindowsaccompanymodern

conveniencesincludingaTVandDVDsformovienights,thoughyoumayprefertoswitchoffandfocuson

outdoorfun,bikingonnaturetrailsandwatchingthewildlife.

1.Whatmightattracttravelerstothefourholidaydestinations?

A.Stylishdecoration.B.Convenientlocation.

C.Back-to-naturestays.D.Modernconveniences.

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinLagganCottageandEastLodge?

A.Playgames.B.Swiminthesea.

C.Readbythefire.D.Watchthewildlife.

3.Whichcottageispet-friendly?

A.Shepherds*Retreat.B.LagganCottage.

C.TheStrawCottage.D.EastLodge.

B

KenCampbellhadlastattemptedrunningathighschool.Whenhiswife,Susan,injuredherfoot,sheneeded

supporttorejoinherrunninggroup,soCampbellwentalongtokeephercompanyandshareintherecovery."We

werejustwalkingatthebeginning,"hesays."AndIwasheavy.Iweighedover90kg."Butastheweeksand

monthspassed,theweightfellaway,Susanrecovered一andCampbelFsabilitiesgrew.Attheageof63,heran

50km,andat70,heranthroughthenighttocompletea100kmultramarathon.

Sohowdoessomeonewithnosportingprecedent（先修!I）becomeanultradistancerunnerinhis60sand70s?

Susanhadrunmarathonsbeforeherinjury.ButforCampbell,theturningpointcamewhenSusan'sFleetFeet

runninggrouptooktothetrailsintheSierraNevadafoothillsneartheirhomeinCitrusHeights,California.

CampbellwentouttovisitSusan'sgroup,and"thetrailswereaterriblemess.lthadbeenraining.AndIwas

runninginmyroadshoes.Slippingandslidingandfalling.AndIwasstruggling.!thought,well,Ilikethisalot

butIcoulddobetter."

Whathelikedaboveallwasthefeelingof"beingenvelopedbythetrail,beingembracedbytheclosenessofthe

vegetationandthenearnessoftheriver.IwaswalkingwhereNativepeoplehadwalkedforthousandsofyearsand

whereminershadwalkedontheirwaytogold.'*

Runningthe100kmultramarathontookCampbell16hours.WhenCampbellcrossedthefinishlineat3am,Susan

handedhima100kmstickertodisplayonthebackofhistruck.Healreadyhada50kmoneonthere."Itisapublic

proclamation（声明）thatyouarepartofthiscommunity,Hhesays."Whereverwepark,Iseealineofvehicles

withtheirvariousstickersandIfeelthatweareatribe（部落）

Campbellsufferedarthritisbeforehestartedrunning,andisnacandidateforkneereplacement".Butfornow,he

isholdingoffonsurgery.ltcouldputanendtotherunning一butthe"senseofwellbeingandaccomplishmentwill

carrymeonforever",hesays."IfIcan'trun,Iwillwalk.1*

4.WhatenabledCampbelltotakeuprunningagain?

A.Helostweight.B.Hetrainedovernight.

C.Hiswifeaccompaniedhim.D.Hiswifesharedherexperience.

5.WhatdidCampbelldiscoverwhilekeepinghiswifecompanyonatrailrun?

A.Thejoyofbeingoutinthewild.B.ThehardshipsofNativepeople.

C.Thepleasureofgoldmining.D.Themysteriesofnature.

6.WhatdidthestickersonthebackofCampbell'struckbringhim?

A.Adiscountonparking.B.Asenseofbelonging.

C.Anenormousincome.D.Anhonourtohiswife.

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutCampbellfromthetext?

A.He*sadeterminedman.B.He'sapeople-pleaser.

C.Heiseasytocontent.D.Heishardtocopewith.

c

InherbookTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,MarieKondomakesthecasethatdecluttering（清理杂

物）candramaticallytransformyourlife.Riddingyourspacesofunusedandunwantedstuffcanmakeyou

happier,moreconfidentandmaybeevenslimmer.

Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo'sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople'sneed.Yetthe

evidencebackingthebenefitsofdeclutteringismixed.

One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworking

inamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydesk

andhasbeenquotedassaying,"Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanempty

deskasign?”

Anotherstudylinkedphysicalclutter（杂舌L）tolowerlevelsoflifesatisfaction.Butoneoftheauthorsofthat

studysaysthatclutter,ratherthanaprobleminandofitself,seemstobeasymptomofotherproblems,

especiallyuncheckedconsumerism（无节制的消费）.“Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheidea

thatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,"saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy."Itisn't

abundancethat'stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.M

OtherpsychologistssaytechnologymayalsobecontributingtoAmerica'skeennessfororganization.The

complexityanddisorderlinessoflifeonlineencouragesmanypeopletoseekorderintheirphysicalspaces,

Dr.DodgenMageesays.HButthenyoufindwhenyourroomoryourinboxisorganized,yourworldhasn'tstopped

beingcomplex,"shesays.Atthispoint,manypeopledecideevenmoreorganizingisneeded,shesays.Butthis

canleadtocompulsive（难控制的）tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan'tkeep

thingsasneatandorderlyasyou'dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.

"Themoreofamessourinternalworldbecomes,themorelikelywearetograbontosomethingthatgivesusthis

senseofpeace,"shesays.Whilealittletidyingcanbeacalmingdistraction,shesays,it'satemporary

bandage,notacure.

8.WhatdoweknowaboutKondo'sphilosophy?

A.It'sbasedonsolidevidence.

B.Itinvolvesspirit-liftingmethods.

C.It'spopularwithmanypeople.

D.Itleadspeopletorecycleunusedstuff.

9.WhatdoestheexampleofEinsteinservetoshow?

A.Anemptydeskisasignofanemptymind.

B.Orderlyworkspacescanbringhealthbenefits.

C.Anuntidydeskcandamageworkingefficiency.

D.Messyenvironmentsarelikelytoencouragecreativity.

10.WhatdoesJosephFerrarisayaboutphysicalclutter?

A.Itdeterminespeople'slifesatisfaction.

B.Itcontributestouncheckedconsumerism.

C.Itreflectspeople'sattachmenttotechnology.

D.Itarisesfromthedesireformorepossessions.

11.Whatcanbeinferredabouttidyingfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itcanleadtoafeelingoffrustration.

B.Itmakespeople'sworldmorecomplex.

C.Itcanprovidelastingpeaceofmind.

D.Itworksbetterwiththehelpoftechnology.

D

Morethan360millionyearsago,duringtheDevonian（泥盆纪）period,lifewasflourishinginspectacular

fashion.Asfishandinvertebratespopulatedtheseas,thefirsttreesemergedonland.Butbytheendofthe

Devonian,morethanhalfofallEarth*sspecieshaddisappearedinaseriesofmassextinctions.Newresearch

showshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.

Aslandplantsdiversified,ntheystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdown

tograbwater,"saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyinthe

GeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus（磷）outof

thebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwere

washedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms（藻华）that

pulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.

TheresearcherstrackedthisdeadlypatterninfiveprehistoriclakebedsinScotlandandGreenland.Theymeasured

agradualphosphorusdecreaseinsedimentlayersfromthemiddletolateDevonian,accompaniedbysudden

increaseofthemineralwithevidenceofcorrespondingoxygendepletion（耗竭）.

“We'vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshave

occurred,butwecouldn'treallyexplainit,"saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversity

ofLiegeinBelgium.nThispapercouldbringanexplanation.H

UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthat

whiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreeroots

played.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhave

alreadybeenoccurring："Ifit'satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan'tblameitontheplants."

Next,Smart'steamplanstotestitsresultsusingcomputermodelstoseewhetherplantsonlandcouldhavecaused

ocean-wideoxygendepletionandcorrespondingextinction-analysisthatcouldalsohelppredictmodernalgal

blooms*impact.

12.What*sthemainideaofparagraph2?

A.Theevolutionoflandplants.B.Theeffectofphosphorusinflow.

C.Thesourceofcrucialminerals.D.Theprocessofmassextinctions.

13.What'sAnne-ChristineDaSilva'sattitudetowardstheresearchfinding?

A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesMayaElrickagreewith?

A.Oxygendepletionworsenedastreesevolved.

B.Treeevolutioncan'tnecessarilyrevealextinctions.

C.Plantextinctionresultedfromthemineralincrease.

D.Phosphorusreductionoccurredbeforetreeevolution.

15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheRiseandFalloftheDevonianPeriod

B.TheRoleofPhosphorusinTrees'Evolution

C.AlgalBloomsContributetoOxygenDepletion

D.TreeRootsMayHaveSetOffMassExtinctions

二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。

Itisnosecretthattechnologyisfasttakingupeducationinalmosteverypartoftheworld.Mosteducatorswill

agreethatlearningistakingaconsiderableturn-aroundtowelcomedigitalteachingbothinandoutoftheclass.

(1)Sothereisaneedtoassessthesematerialstoidentifysuitableandsatisfactoryways.Thatiswhy,

whenadoptingdigitaltextbooksasaneducatororschool,youmustconsiderseveralfactors

below.

ContentInteraction

Isthecontentinthedigitaltextbookinteractiveenough?Itisacrucialquestionthatneedstogetlookedintoas

educatorsbeginfullyondigitalteaching.Asaneducationalparticipant,ensurethatthe3Dimages,sounds,

videos,anddiagramsinthedigitalcontentcankeeplearnersengagedforanextendedperiod.(2)

ReliabilityofEducationalApps

Importantly,ifyouareanaggressiveeducator,youwillalwayswantthebestforyourstudents.Ensurethatyou

choosereliableeducationalapplicationsthatwon*tletyoudownasateacher.(3)Pedagogueisan

applicationwitheverythingyouneedtoconductavirtualdigitalclassroomusinge-textbooks.Itisafantasticapp

thatwouldhelpyoumasterexcellentwaystointegratee-textbooksintoyourclassrooms.

AffordabilityandAccessibility

(4)______Besides,easyaccesstotheInternetineducationalinstitutionsisasignificantaspecttoconsider

whenusingdigitalbooksinschools.Moreover,educationappswithdigitaltextbooksshouldhaveupdated

learningcontenteasilydownloadableinstudents1tabletsandsmartphones.Thisway,teachingwillgeteasier

leadingtocomfortablelearningbyavarietyofstudents.

Moderneducatorsaretaskedwithensuringthatcontentdeliveryisanexcellentandfunactivity.(5)

Thatiswhyitiscriticaltomakesurethatthedigitaltextbooksweadoptandchooseforourstudentsarethebest

andcanmotivatecriticalthinkinginourstudents'minds.

Altsbelievedthatlearningisalaboringprocess.

B.Digitalcontentshouldbecomecheaperthanprinttextbooks.

C.E-textbooksshouldhelplearnerswithcontentunderstanding.

D.Youshouldhaveappsonyourphoneswithwell-researchedcontent.

E.Theyoughttoensureeducationismeaningfulandproductiveforthelearners.

F.Hence,thiswouldmaketheirlearningnotonlyinteractivebutalsoenjoyable.

G.Similarly,students*preferencefordigitallearningmaterialscontinuestoexpand.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空:本大题共15小题，共15分。

AboutamonthagoInoticedsomethingreallyamazing,whichImustcallagardenmiracle(奇迹).Itso

happenedthatwhenI(1)thedoubledoorsofasmallstorageareainthebackofmyhousewhereI(2)

mygardensuppliesduringthelong,severeNewEnglandwinter,Ifound,inoneofthedirt-filled

pots,aliving,growingplant,toppedwithtwoofthemostunlikelypink(3)you'veeverseen.

Howwasthis(4)?Theunheatedspacehadbeenclosedallwinter,anditwasstillcoldoutside.OnceI

caughtmybreath,I(5)anddiscoveredsomethingapproachingareasonableexplanation-therewasa

smallglasswindowatthetopofthedoubledoors,anditwaspossiblethatarayofsunfelldirectlyonthatpot,

givingtheplantjustenoughlightandwarmthto(6)ittogrowinitsownpersonalgreenhouse.

Ican'thelpfeeling(7)atthelessonsthiswonderfulplanthastoteach.

Foronething,Iammovedbythehappenstance(巧合)ofthewholething.IfIhad(8)mypotsix

inchestotheleftorrightofthatspot,theplantmightnothavegottenthat(9)rayoflight.IfIhad

(10)therootsoftheplantinlatefall,therewouldhavebeennothingbutdirtinthatpot.

Butthere*ssomethingelsethat(11)meaboutthis-justhowlittlelightand(12)ittookforthis

planttogrowandflower.rmnot(13)weshouldbemeanwithloveandkindnessandalltheother

warmingthingswe(14)forothersandforourselves.Butisn*titcomfortingtothinkthatjustadropof

(15)canbrightenaday,aplace,alife?

Whenitcomestopositivity,alittlegoesalongway.Justaskmylittlemiracleplant.

21.A.approachedB.shutC.openedD.knocked

22.A.needB.provideC.receiveD.keep

23.A.sticksB.branchesC.rootsD.flowers

24.A.essentialB.possibleC.significantD.different

25.A.steppedasideB.steppedawayC.lookeddownD.lookedaround

26.A.requestB.enableC.instructD.intend

27.A.excitedB.puzzledC.amazedD.amused

28.A.putB.foundC.measuredD.missed

29.A.broadB.softC.strongD.narrow

30.A.pulledoutB.caredforC.thoughtaboutD.broughtin

31.A.requiresB.cheersC.inspiresD.changes

32.A.attentionB.warmthC.timeD.effort

33.A.expectingB.imaginingC.doubtingD.saying

34.A.experienceB.doC.acceptD.remember

35.A.waterB.encouragementC.sunshineD.support

四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。

36.BominSuzhou,KunquOperadistinguished(1)(it)byitsrhythmicpattems.ltbecame(2)

(wide)popularduringtheMingDynasty.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinMingandQing

dynasties,operaplayersoften(3)(gather)inSuzhou,stagingdramaticworksinancient

China.CombiningtunesperformedintheSuzhoudialect,gracefulbodymovements,martialartsanddance,

KunquOperausesavarietyofmovementstoexpressspecific(4)(emotion).Italsopaysattentionto

eachdifference.Gracefulmovementsanimate(使具有活力)thefingertipsanduniquetunesmake(5)

richandpoeticworld.

KunquOperahadanimportantinfluenceonmanyformsofoperasinChina,(6)(include)Peking

Opera,whichisabout200yearsold.ItisthereforeknownasthemotherofallChineseoperas.Asa(7)

tradition)representationofChineseculture,stories(8)(perform)inKunquOperahavegone

beyondtimeandspace.ThePeonyPavilion,writtenbyplaywrightTangXianzu,who(9)

(compare)toShakespeare,isstilllovedbyfansfromaroundtheworld.

Alivingheritageisanendlessdialoguebetweenthepresent(10)thepast,andKunquOperaisacarrier

topassthatlegacyon.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。

37.假定你是李华，上周你从某网站买了一些书籍，到货发现所购书中有破损、缺页现象，且一些书籍价

格比实体书店还要贵。你准备向该网站负责人写一封投诉信。

要点如下：

(1)写作目的；

(2)陈述问题；

(3)提出诉求。

注意：

(1)词数80左右；

(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearSirorMadam,

Yourssincerely,LiHua

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Marytriedtoholdherbreath.Shemovedawayslightly,butAmyonlymovedcloserandcontinuedtalking.

Marythoughttoherself,“Whydoesshealwayshavetositnexttome?”Amydidn'tseemtonoticethatMary

wastryingtomoveaway,andsheleanedincloser.MarywantedbadlytotellAmythatshedidn'tsmellvery

good,buthowcouldshewithouthurtingherfeelings?

WhenMarygothomefromschool,shecomplainedtohermother.HThere*sagirlnamedAmywholikestositnext

tomeinschool,butshesmellsbad.Nobodyelselikestositnexttoher,either."

"Well,trytobenicetoher,"saidhermother."Maybeshe'shavingahardtimeathome.Youneverknowwhata

person'shomelifeislike."

Fortherestoftheweek,MarytriedtobeagoodfriendtoAmy.Thereweretimeswhentheyhadfuntalkingand

playingtogether,especiallyonthedayswhenAmybathed.Butonthedayswhenshesmelledbad,Marystill

founditveryhardtobeherfriend.

Onemorning,whilegettingherhaircombedforschool,Marybroughtthesubjectupagainwithhermother.

"Idon'twanttobefriendswithAmyanymore,“shetoldhermother.

Hermother*shandsfrozeinmidair.Maryturnedtoseewhatthematterwas.Hermotherlookedupset.Mary

wonderedwhatshehadsaidmadehermotherreactthisway.

"Idon'tthinkyouunderstandAmy'ssituation,soletmeaskyouthis***"Hermother*stonewasserious.nWho

makessurethatyourhairiscombedeverymorningsoyou'lllooknicewhenyougotoschool?Whomakessure

you'rebathedandcleanedeveryday?Andyourclothesarewashedandneatlyironed?”

"YouandDaddy,nansweredMary.

“Doyouliveinahappyfamily?DoyouhaveagoodDadandMum?”Thenhermotherencouragedhertolearn

moreaboutAmybeforeshedecidedwhetherornottobefriendswithAmy.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Thenextdayafterschool,MaryhadatalkwithAmy.

SadnessorAmyfilledherheartandMarydecidedtomakefriendswithAmy.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、D、C

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章题目Fourofthebestoff-grid（不入网的）staysintheUK（英国最好

的四个不入网的度假胜地）可知，本文介绍的这四个度假目的地是没有网络的，是回归自然的度假胜地，

由此可知，”回归自然的度假胜地”这一点吸引游客前往这四个度假目的地。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据LagganCottage部分Itisperfectforaweekofwatchingthewildlife,hiking,and

swimming.（这里非常适合一周的野生动物观赏、徒步旅行和游泳。）可知，在LagganCottage可以观赏野

生动物；根据EastLodge部分ArchwindowsaccompanymodernconveniencesincludingaTVandDVDsfor

movienights,thoughyoumayprefertoswitchoffandfocusonoutdoorfun,bikingonnaturetrailsandwatching

thewildlife.（拱形窗户配有现代化的便利设施，包括电视和电影之夜的DVD,尽管你可能更喜欢关掉它，

专注于户外娱乐，在自然的小径上骑自行车和观看野生动物。）可知，在EastLodge也可以观赏野生动

物，综上所述，游客可以在LagganCottage和EastLodge观赏野生动物。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据TheStrawCottage部分Dogsarewelcome,too.（狗也是受欢迎的。）可知，在

TheStrawCottage狗也是受欢迎的，由此可知，TheStrawCottage对宠物友好。故选C。

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国最好的四个没有网络、回归自然的度假胜地。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的

趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生

首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4〜7.【答案】A、A、B、A

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的

“AndIwasheavy.Iweighedover90kg."Butastheweeksandmonthspassed,theweightfellaway,

Susanrecovered一andCampbellsabilitiesgrew”我很重。我体重超过90公斤。但几周、几个月过去了，体重

减轻了，苏珊恢复了健康一坎贝尔的能力也增强了。）可知，在陪妻子受伤恢复期间，Campbell减了肥，

增加了跑步的能力。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中的CampbellwentouttovisitSusan'sgroup,andnthetrailswereaterrible

mess.lthadbeenraining.AndIwasrunninginmyroadshoes.Slippingandslidingandfalling.AndIwas

struggling.!thought,well,IlikethisalotbutIcoulddobetter.”（坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的旅行团，”小径上一片

狼藉。天一直在下雨。我穿着我的路鞋跑步。滑，滑，掉。我很挣扎。我想，嗯，我很喜欢这个，但我可

以做得更好。”）以及第四段中的"Whathelikedaboveallwasthefeelingof"beingenvelopedbythetrail,

beingembracedbytheclosenessofthevegetationandthenearnessoftheriver.（他最喜欢的是那种“被小径包

围，被茂密的植被和河流所拥抱”的感觉）”可知，在陪伴她妻子在小路上跑步时，他很喜欢小路上的那种

感觉。由此推知，Campbell找到了在野外的那种快乐。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"Itisapublicproclamation（声明）thatyouarepartofthis

community,“hesays."Whereverwepark,IseealineofvehicleswiththeirvariousstickersandIfeelthatwe

areatribe（部落）（“这是一个公开的宣言，表明你是这个社区的一部分，“他说。“无论我们在哪里停

车，我都会看到一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆，我觉得我们是部落。可知，无论Campbell走到哪里，看到

这些带有贴纸的车辆，就会感觉到他们的部落。由此可知，见到这些贴纸，Campbell有•种归属感。故选

Bo

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Campbellsufferedarthritisbeforehestartedrunning,andis"acandidatefor

kneereplacement*'.Butfornow,heisholdingoffonsurgery.ltcouldputanendtotherunning—buttheHsenseof

wellbeingandaccomplishmentwillcarrymeonforever',,hesays.HIfIcan'trun,Iwillwalk.'*（坎贝尔在开始

跑步之前患有关节炎，是”膝关节置换术的候选人二但现在，他推迟了手术。他说，这可能会结束跑步，

但”幸福感和成就感将永远支撑着我“。“如果我不能跑，我就走。"）可知，Campbell在开始跑步前患有关

节炎，但是他为了跑步推迟手术，这样他觉得是“幸福感和成就感”在支撑着他，由此推知，Campbell是个

意志坚定的人。故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Campbel陪妻子康复而加入跑步小组，提高了跑步的能力并开始跑马拉

松并最终成为一名超长跑运动员的经历。

考查记叙文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8〜11.【答案】C、D、D、A

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo*s

philosophysatisfiesmanypeople'sneed.（从她的想法和方法的受欢迎程度来看，Kondo的哲学满足了许多人

的需求。）可知，Kondo的哲学受到很多人的欢迎。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalso

conventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnew

ideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,"Ifacluttereddeskisasignof

aclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”（2013年的一项研究发现，有序的空间会促进健

康的选择，但也会促进传统思维，而在凌乱或杂乱无章的空间中工作，则会促进创造力和新想法。众所周

知，爱因斯坦有一张非常凌乱的桌子，有人引用他的话说：”如果凌乱的桌子是凌乱的大脑的标志，那么

空桌子是什么标志呢？"）可推知，这里用桌子凌乱但拥有巨大创造力的爱因斯坦的例子是为了佐证前面

的观点：凌乱的环境有可能促进创造力。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中"Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohave

moremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,"saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy."Itisn'tabundancethat'sthe

problemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance."（该研究的共同作者JosephFerrari说："在我们生活的这个富足

的社会里，我认为我们必须拥有更多的想法会让我们对生活不满意。问题不在于富足，而在于对富足的依

恋。"）可知，JosephFerrari认为物理上的杂乱源于人们内心对于富足的依恋，人们渴望拥有更多东西。故

选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Butthiscanleadtocompulsive（难控制的）tidyingand,

unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan'tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou'dlikethemtobe,she

explains.（但这可能会导致强迫性的整理，当你不能像你希望的那样保持东西整洁有序时，不可避免地会

有一种失败感，她解释说。）可知，科技给世界增加的复杂和无序会引起人们渴望整理，让自己的世界不

再复杂，但是这种渴望太过强烈的时候反而容易引起失落，因为有时候事与愿违。由此可知，整理可能会

导致挫败感。故选A。

本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了虽然很多人追求通过整理来改变生活，但相关研究表明整理实际上有好有

坏，有序的空间能促进健康的选择，但也可能会限制创造性的思维，杂乱反映了人们对于富足的依恋的问

题，但是整理不能从根本上解决人们内心世界的混乱。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔

细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌

胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】D、B、B、D

【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第二段

Aslandplantsdiversified,"theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdownt

ograbwater,"saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,

leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialminerals

suchasphosphorus（磷）outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral­

richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-

wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms（藻华）

thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.（美国海军学院海洋学家

MathewSmart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，"它们

开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐

烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致

了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝。）可知，本段主要介绍了一

系列大规模的物种灭绝的过程。故选D。

（2）观点态度题。根据倒数第三段"We，vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,

andwehavebeenthinkingt