必修一 Unit 1 Teenage Life 单元培优综合测试卷（解析版） -2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（人教版2019）

必修一Unit1TeenageLife单元培优综合测试卷第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2024·辽宁鞍山·模拟预测）HighschoolgraduationrequirementsToearnahighschooldiploma,studentsmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.Compulsorycredits*4creditsinEnglish(1creditpergrade)*3creditsinmathematics*3creditsforgroup1,2and3courses*2creditsinscience*1creditinCanadianhistory(Grade10)*1creditinCanadiangeography(Grade9)*1creditinthearts*1creditinhealthandphysicaleducation*1creditinFrenchasasecondlanguage*0.5creditincareerstudies*0.5creditincivicsandcitizenshipOptionalcreditsStudentsmustearn12optionalcredits.bysuccessfullycompletingcoursesofferedintheschool’sprogramandcoursecalendar.Optionalcreditsmayincludeuptofourcreditsearnedthroughapproveddual(双倍的)creditprograms..TheliteracygraduationrequirementInSeptember2023,theliteracygraduationrequirementwasintroducedanditbecameeffectiveimmediately.Studentsgraduatinginthe2023-2024schoolyearandbeyondarerequiredtomeetthisrequirementtoearntheirhighschooldiploma.CommunityinvolvementStudentsarerequiredtocompleteaminimumof40hoursofcommunityinvolvementactivitiesaspartoftherequirementsforadiploma.Studentswhoarelookingforcommunityinvolvementopportunitiesshould:★makesuretheyknowwhichactivitiessatisfythecommunityinvolvementrequirement★checktheirschoolboard’swebsiteforalistofapprovedandprohibitedactivities★haveadiscussionwiththeirparentstoplanandselecttheircommunityinvolvementactivities(studentsunder18yearsoldonly)1．What’stheminimumnumberofcreditsrequiredforahighschooldiploma?A．30. B．32. C．34. D．36.2．Whendidtheliteracygraduationrequirementtakeeffect?A．InSeptember2021. B．InSeptember2022.C．InSeptember2023. D．InSeptember2024.3．Whatshouldadultstudentsdobeforedoingcommunityinvolvementactivities?A．Askfortheirparents’permission.B．Turntolocalcommunitycentersforhelp.C．Setcommunityinvolvementhourswithteachers.D．Haveaclearunderstandingofthequalifiedactivities.【答案】1．A2．C3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个高中毕业项目的要求。1．细节理解题。根据Compulsorycredits部分中学分共计4+3+3+2+1+1+1+1+0.5+0.5=18，以及Optionalcredits部分中“Studentsmustearn12optionalcredits.(学生必须修满12个选修学分)”可知，高中毕业证书最少要修18+12=30学分。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据Theliteracygraduationrequirement部分中“InSeptember2023,theliteracygraduationrequirementwasintroducedanditbecameeffectiveimmediately.(2023年9月，英国引入了识字毕业要求，并立即生效)”可知，识字毕业从2023年9月开始生效。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“★makesuretheyknowwhichactivitiessatisfythecommunityinvolvementrequirement(确保他们知道哪些活动符合社区参与的要求)”可知，在参加社区参与活动之前，成人学生应该对合格活动有清晰的认识。故选D。B（2024·河南·模拟预测）Doyourecallyourbelovedschoolteachers?Didtheyawakenapassionforaonce-unappealingsubjectoroffervaluableguidance?MrMoriartywastheone.Whenhebecameascienceteacher,22-year-oldPatrickMoriartywashopingtomakeadifferenceinhisstudents’lives.Afterall,thenaturalworldhassomanyfascinatingsecretsthathewaswillingtoteachandhewoulddevotelongyearstopreparinghis“kids”foradulthood.In1978,hewasteachingkidsabouttheskyeventsandpassedoutworksheets,showingthepathsoftheupcomingeclipses(日食).Sadly,alotofthemwouldnotbevisibleinNewYork.AllbutoneonApril8,2024.“Circlethatone,”MrMoriartytoldhisstudents.“We’regoingtogettogetheronthatone.”Theyoungsterslaughed—theeclipsewouldn’toccurfornearlyfivedecadesandeveryonewould’veforgottenthepromisebythen.Buttheyseverelyunderestimatedtheirteacher.YearsflewbyandMrMoriartymadethesamepromisetoallofhisclassesabouttheplaninthedistantfuture.Asthepopularityofprintedpressdeclined,hecreatedaFacebookgroupin2022,detailingtheeventandtryingtofindformerstudentswhowouldwanttoattendit.MrMoriartyneverexpectedtherewouldbesuchamassiveturnout,butthewordwasspreadinglikewildfireamonghisformerclassmates.OnMonday,the8thofApril,about100formerstudentsgatheredintheirteacher’sdriveway.Asthestudentsstartedarrivingathishouse,hehadtroublerecognizingthem.However,herememberedmostoftheirnamesandsomeamusingstoriesthathappenedduringhisteachingyears.“Itwassointerestingtoseethemwalkingupwiththinningorgrayhair,andlookingatmelike,‘You’restillmyteacher,’”helaughed.“Thishasgottobethelongesthomeworkassignmentinhistory.”Lastly,MrMoriartysuggestedmarkingthe22ndofAugust,2044,thedaywhenthenextvisibletotalsolareclipsewilloccur.Onceagain,everyonelaughed,butthistimewithalittlelessdoubt.4．WhydidMrMoriartycreateaFacebookgroup?A．Topopularizeastronomicalknowledge.B．Toseekoutformerstudentswhowantedtotakeclass.C．Tosharesomefunnystoriesfrom.histeachingcareer.D．Toremindhisformerstudentsofthepreviousassignment.5．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeMrMoriarty?A．Passionateandcommitted. B．Honestandwise.C．Respectableandhumble. D．Generousandenergetic.6．WhatcanbeinferredaboutMrMoriartyfromparagraph6?A．Hesufferedfromapoormemory.B．Hehadlittleinfluenceonhisformerstudents.C．Hetookgreatprideinhisstudents’achievements.D．Hewasastonishedtoseesomanyofhisformerstudents.7．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudents’reactiontothereunionof2044?A．Theyignoredthespecialpromise.B．Theyputmoretrustintheirteacher.C．Theythoughtoftheirteacherbeingamusing.D．Theydoubtedthepossibilityoftheproposal.【答案】4．D5．A6．D7．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。莫里亚蒂先生是一名科学老师，他对他教过的所有的班级都做了约定，在2024年4月8日相聚在一起看日食，他在2022年在Facebook上创建了一个小组，详细介绍了这次活动，并试图找到想参加的以前的学生，让他惊讶的是在那天居然来了大约100名以前的学生，最后，莫里亚蒂先生建议2044年8月22日他们再相聚，那天是下一次可见日全食发生的日子。4．细节理解题。根据第五段“YearsflewbyandMrMoriartymadethesamepromisetoallofhisclassesabouttheplaninthedistantfuture.Asthepopularityofprintedpressdeclined,hecreatedaFacebookgroupin2022,detailingtheeventandtryingtofindformerstudentswhowouldwanttoattendit.(许多年过去了，莫里亚蒂先生对他所有的班级都做了同样的关于遥远未来的计划的承诺。随着纸质媒体受欢迎程度的下降，他于2022年在Facebook上创建了一个小组，详细介绍了这次活动，并试图找到想参加的以前的学生)”可知，莫里亚蒂先生创建Facebook群是为了提醒他以前的学生以前的作业。故选D。5．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Whenhebecameascienceteacher,22-year-oldPatrickMoriartywashopingtomakeadifferenceinhisstudents’lives.Afterall,thenaturalworldhassomanyfascinatingsecretsthathewaswillingtoteachandhewoulddevotelongyearstopreparinghis“kids”foradulthood.(当22岁的帕特里克·莫里亚蒂成为一名科学教师时，他希望能改变学生的生活。毕竟，自然界有那么多迷人的秘密，他愿意教，他会花很长时间让他的“孩子”为成年做好准备)”可知，莫里亚蒂先生充满热情。根据第五段“YearsflewbyandMrMoriartymadethesamepromisetoallofhisclassesabouttheplaninthedistantfuture.Asthepopularityofprintedpressdeclined,hecreatedaFacebookgroupin2022,detailingtheeventandtryingtofindformerstudentswhowouldwanttoattendit.(许多年过去了，莫里亚蒂先生对他所有的班级都做了同样的关于遥远未来的计划的承诺。随着纸质媒体受欢迎程度的下降，他于2022年在Facebook上创建了一个小组，详细介绍了这次活动，并试图找到想参加的以前的学生)”可知，莫里亚蒂先生信守承诺。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第六段前两句“MrMoriartyneverexpectedtherewouldbesuchamassiveturnout,butthewordwasspreadinglikewildfireamonghisformerclassmates.OnMonday,the8thofApril,about100formerstudentsgatheredintheirteacher’sdriveway.(莫里亚蒂先生从来没有想到会有这么多人参加，但这个消息在他以前的同学中迅速传播开来。4月8日星期一，大约100名以前的学生聚集在他们老师的车道上)”可知，看到这么多以前的学生，莫里亚蒂先生感到很吃惊。故选D。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Onceagain,everyonelaughed,butthistimewithalittlelessdoubt.(大家又笑了，但这次少了一点怀疑)”可知，对于2044年的重聚，学生们更信任他们的老师了。故选B。C（2024·湖南长沙·一模）Havinghighself-controlisoftenseenasagoodthing.It’sbelievedtobethekeytosuccessinlife.ButassuggestedinatheorypublishedbyProfessorThomasLynch,itmaynotalwaysbeagoodthing—andforsome,itcouldbelinkedtocertainmentalhealthproblems.AccordingtoLynch’stheory,everyoneleans(偏向)moretowardsoneoftwopersonalitystyles:undercontrolorovercontrol.Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.So,regardlessofwhetherwe'reovercontrolledorundercontrolled,thisflexibilityhelpsusdealwithlife'schallengesandsetbacksinaconstructiveway.Butwhenwearemuchlessflexible,bothundercontrolandovercontrolcanbecomeproblematic.Mostofusareprobablymorefamiliarwithhighlyundercontrolledpeople,whomaystruggletocontroltheiremotionsandtheirbehaviorsmaybeunpredictable.Thiscannegativelyaffecttheirrelationships,education,work,andhealth.Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.However,highlyovercontrolledpeoplemaystruggletoadapttochanges.Theymaybelessopentonewexperiences.Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.Thismayeventuallycausetheirmentalhealthtoworsen.Alongsidehistheory,Lynchalsodevelopedatreatmentdesignedtotreatissuesofovercontrol.Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.Continuedworkinthefieldwillhopefullymakeiteasierforpeopletogetthehelptheyneed.8．Howdoespsychologicalflexibilityhelppeople?A．Itbacksadjustingtochangeseffectively.B．Itassistsindealingwithsimilarsituations.C．Itsupportsovercomingphysicalchallenges.D．Itencourageschoosingtherightpersonalitystyle.9．Whyisovercontrolledpersonalitylesstalkedabout?A．Itisinsignificant. B．Itisunderestimated. C．Itfitssocialvalues. D．Ithaschangingfeatures.10．Whatcanbeinferredabouthighlyovercontrolledpeopleinparagraph5?A．Theyignoretheirmentalhealth. B．Theyknowlittleofbodygestures.C．Theyexperiencefewnewemotions. D．Theyhaveapoorsocialsupportnetwork.11．WhatisLynch’ssuggestionforhighlyovercontrolledpeople?A．Acceptingmorechanges. B．Interactingwithothersmore.C．Evaluatingfeelingsmoreoften. D．Releasingmorepersonalneeds.【答案】8．A9．C10．D11．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了过度控制对心理健康的影响。虽然过度控制的人具备的特质通常被社会所重视，但他们可能面临难以适应变化、社交孤立和孤独等问题。过度控制的人应该不要总是控制自己的需求，要更好地表达情感并与他人沟通。8．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.(受到控制或过度控制既不好也不坏，因为我们大多数人的心理都很灵活，能够适应不同的情况)”可知，心理灵活性使人们能够在生活中灵活地适应不同的情况。因此，心理灵活性有助于人们有效地适应变化。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.(不幸的是，过度控制并没有被谈论那么多。这可能是因为过度控制的特征——比如坚持、制定计划并坚持下去的能力、追求完美和控制情绪的能力——在我们的社会中往往受到高度重视)”可知，过度控制的人的特征（如坚持不懈、制订并坚持执行计划的能力、追求完美和控制情绪）通常在我们的社会中受到高度重视，由此可推知，过度控制的个性符合社会价值观，所以很少被提及。故选C。10．推理判断题。根据第五段“Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.(他们可能会对他人产生嫉妒的苦涩情绪，并在许多社交场合努力放松和享受乐趣。他们也可能较少使用手势，很少微笑或哭泣。这些因素加在一起可能会使一个人更容易经历社会孤立和孤独)”可知，过度控制的人可能很难适应各种变化，可能不太愿意接受新体验，可能对他人产生苦涩的嫉妒情绪，也可能难以在社交场合中放松和享受乐趣。这些因素可能使他们更容易经历社交孤立和孤独。由此可以推断出，过度控制的人可能拥有较差的社交支持网。故选D。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.(它帮助过度控制的人，教会他们如何放下总是控制自己的需要，更开放地对待自己的情绪，更好地与他人沟通，在不断变化的情况下更灵活)”可知，Lynch针对过度控制问题研发了一种治疗方法，教过度控制的人如何不要总是控制自己的需求，更加开放地表达情感，与他人更好地沟通，并在不断变化的情况下更具灵活性。由此可推知，Lynch给过度控制的人的建议包括“更多地与他人互动”这一条。故选B。D（2024·四川绵阳·三模）ThemakerofChatGPTrecentlyannounceditsnextmoveintogenerative(有生产力的)artificialintelligence.SanFrancisco-basedOpenAI’snewtext-to-videogenerator,calledSora,isatoolthatinstantlymakesshortvideosbasedonwrittencommands,calledprompts.Soraisnotthefirstofitskind.Google,MetaandRunwayMLareamongtheothercompaniestohavedevelopedsimilartechnology.ButthehighqualityofvideosdisplayedbyOpenAI—somereleasedafterCEOSamAltmanaskedsocialmediauserstosendinideasforwrittenprompts—surprisedobservers.AphotographerfromNewHampshirepostedonesuggestion,orprompt,onX.Thepromptgavedetailsaboutakindoffoodtobecooked,gnocchi(意大利团子),aswellasthesetting—anoldItaliancountrykitchen.Thepromptsaid:“Aninstructionalcookingsessionforhomemadegnocchi,hostedbyagrandmother—asocialmediainfluencer,setinarustic(土气的)Tuscancountrykitchen.”Altmanansweredashorttimelaterwitharealisticvideothatshowedwhatthepromptdescribed.Thetoolisnotyetpubliclyavailable.OpenAIhasgivenlimitedinformationabouthowitwasbuilt.ThecompanyalsohasnotstatedwhatimageryandvideosourceswereusedtotrainSora.Atthesametime,thevideoresultsledtofearsaboutthepossibleethicalandsocietaleffects.TheNewYorkTimesandsomewritershavetakenlegalactionsagainstOpenAIforitsuseofcopyrightedworksofwritingtotrainChatGPT.AndOpenAIpaysafeetoTheAssociatedPress,thesourceofthisreport,tolicenseitstextnewsarchive(档案).OpenAIsaidinablogpostthatitiscommunicatingwithartists,policymakersandothersbeforereleasingthenewtooltothepublic.Thecompanyaddedthatitisworkingwith“redteamers”—peoplewhotrytofindproblemsandgivehelpfulsuggestions—todevelopSora.“Weareworkingwithredteamerswhowillbeadversarially(对立地)testingthemodel,”thecompanysaid.“We’realsobuildingtoolstohelpdetectmisleadingcontentsuchasadetectionclassifierthatcantellwhenavideowasgeneratedbySora.”12．WhatmakesSoraimpressive?A．Itsartificialintelligencehistory.B．Itsextraordinaryvideoquality.C．Itsethicalandsocietalinfluence.D．Itswrittencommandsandprompts.13．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph6?A．Thecompany’scurrentchallenge.B．Thecompany’sadvancedtechnology.C．Thecompany’sproblemsinmanagement.D．Thecompany’seffortsforSora’simprovement.14．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．SomedisagreementsoverSorahavearisen.B．Soraisthefirsttext-to-videogeneratorinhistory.C．OpenAICEOAltmanwroteapromptasanexample.D．AllthedetailsabouthowSorawasbuilthavebeenshared.15．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsSora?A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic. C．Neutral. D．Cautious.【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．C【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到视频生成器Sora，文章介绍了其特点以及其争议。12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ButthehighqualityofvideosdisplayedbyOpenAI—somereleasedafterCEOSamAltmanaskedsocialmediauserstosendinideasforwrittenprompts—surprisedobservers.(但OpenAI显示的高质量视频——其中一些是在首席执行官SamAltman要求社交媒体用户发送书面提示的想法后发布的——让观察者感到惊讶。)”可知，Sora让人印象深刻的是其非凡的视频质量，故选B。13．主旨大意题。根据文章第六段“Thecompanyaddedthatitisworkingwith“redteamers”—peoplewhotrytofindproblemsandgivehelpfulsuggestions—todevelopSora.“Weareworkingwithredteamerswhowillbeadversarially(对立地)testingthemodel,”thecompanysaid.“We’realsobuildingtoolstohelpdetectmisleadingcontentsuchasadetectionclassifierthatcantellwhenavideowasgeneratedbySora.”(该公司补充说，它正在与“红队成员”合作开发Sora。红队成员试图发现问题并提出有用的建议。该公司表示：“我们与红队合作，他们将对该模式进行对立的测试。我们还在构建一些工具来帮助检测误导性内容，比如一个检测分类器，它可以判断视频是由Sora生成的。”)可知，第六段主要介绍了公司为Sora的改进所做的努力，与红队合作，并构建一些工具来帮助检测其误导性的内容，故选D。14．推理判断题。根据第四段“OpenAIhasgivenlimitedinformationabouthowitwasbuilt.ThecompanyalsohasnotstatedwhatimageryandvideosourceswereusedtotrainSora.Atthesametime,thevideoresultsledtofearsaboutthepossibleethicalandsocietaleffects.(OpenAI提供的关于它是如何构建的信息有限。该公司也没有说明用于训练Sora的图像和视频来源。与此同时，视频结果引发了人们对可能产生的道德和社会影响的担忧。)”可知，视频结果引发了人们对可能产生的道德和社会影响的担忧，由此可推知，社会上就Sora出现了一些分歧，故选A。15．推理判断题。根据第一段“ThemakerofChatGPTrecentlyannounceditsnextmoveintogenerative(有生产力的)artificialintelligence.SanFrancisco-basedOpenAI’snewtext-to-videogenerator,calledSora,isatoolthatinstantlymakesshortvideosbasedonwrittencommands,calledprompts.(ChatGPT的制造商最近宣布了其向生成人工智能的下一步行动。基于旧金山的OpenAI新的文本到视频生成器Sora是一种基于书面命令(称为提示)即时制作短视频的工具。)”可知，主要介绍了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到视频生成器Sora，全文作者客观的在陈述Sora的特点、社会对其的争议以及该公司为了Sora的改进所做的努力，故可推知作者对Sora的态度是中立的，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2024·安徽芜湖·三模）AFewActiveListeningGuidelinesListeningisarguablythemostimportantelementofinterpersonalcommunication.Ourabilitytolistenwellimpactsthequalityofallofourrelationships,andnotjustathomewithourfamilyandfriends—itcanalsoaffectourrelationshipsandinteractionsonthejob,aswellastheeffectivenessandqualityofourwork.Listeningisnotsomethingthatcomesnaturallyoreasilyformostofus.Instead,itisaskillthatmustbecultivatedandpracticed.Activelisteningmeansthedifferencebetweensimplyhearing,andlisteningwiththeintenttotrulyunderstand.161.Givefocusedattention.Trytominimizeexternal(外部的)distractions.Turndownthenoise,andputdownorstepawayfromwhatyou’redoingifpossible.17Don’twatchtheclock,fidget(坐立不安)orgooveryourto-dolistforlater.2.Maintaineyecontact.Directeyecontactshowsyourattentionandintentiontolisten.18Bereasonable,buttrynottoletyoureyeswandertowhateverisgoingonaroundyou.3.19Restate,butdon’trepeatwordforword.Paraphrasewhatyouthinktheotherpartissayingwithresponsessuchas:“WhatI’mhearingis…”or“LetmeseeifI’mfollowingyou…”Reflectingwhatyou’veheardsignalsthatyou’reattemptingtounderstandfully.4.Respondappropriately.Beopenandhonestinyourresponses.Shareyourthoughts,insightsandfeelingsinaclear,butrespectfulandconsideratemannerevenifyoudisagree.Activelisteningisamodelforgoodcommunication.20Ittakespracticetodevelopactivelisteningskills,andit’sahabitthathastobereinforced(加强).Remindyourselfthatthegoalofconversationisnotmerelytotradewords,buttotrulyunderstandwhattheotherpartyissayingandtobeunderstoodinturn.A．Reflectback.B．Thisdoesn’tmeanstare,though.C．Instead,focusonwhatisbeingsaid.D．Itisasubtlebutimportantdistinction.E．Lookintothespeakers’eyesaslongaspossible.F．Also,setasideotherinternalthinkinganddialogue.G．Rememberthatlisteningisnotjusttogatherinformationandshareideas,butalsotogainperspectiveandunderstanding.【答案】16．D17．F18．B19．A20．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一些积极倾听指南。16．空前“Activelisteningmeansthedifferencebetweensimplyhearing,andlisteningwiththeintenttotrulyunderstand.(积极倾听意味着简单的倾听和用心去真正理解的倾听之间的区别。)”解释积极倾听的意义，提到简单的倾听和用心去真正理解的倾听之间的区别，空格处应该对这种区别作进一步评论，D选项“Itisasubtlebutimportantdistinction.(这是一个微妙但重要的区别。)”说明了空前所讲的差别是微妙但是重要的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。17．本段小标题是“Givefocusedattention.(给予集中的关注。)”，空前“Trytominimizeexternal(外部的)distractions.Turndownthenoise,andputdownorstepawayfromwhatyou’redoingifpossible.(尽量减少外界的干扰。关掉噪音，如果可能的话，放下或远离你正在做的事情。)”说明的是如何集中注意力，空格处也应该是和集中注意力有关的内容，F选项“Also,setasideotherinternalthinkinganddialogue.(同时，把其他的内部思考和对话放在一边。)”也是一种集中注意力的方法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。18．空前“Directeyecontactshowsyourattentionandintentiontolisten.(直接的眼神交流表明了你的注意力和倾听的意图。)”说明了直接的眼神交流的作用，空格处也应该是和眼神交流有关的内容，B选项“Thisdoesn’tmeanstare,though.(不过，这并不是说盯着看。)”也是和眼神有关，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。19．空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“Reflectingwhatyou’veheardsignalsthatyou’reattemptingtounderstandfully.(反思你所听到的内容表明你正在试图完全理解。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要反思，A选项“Reflectback.(反思。)”说明了要反思，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。20．空前“Activelisteningisamodelforgoodcommunication.(积极倾听是良好沟通的典范。)”说明了积极倾听是良好沟通的典范，空后“Remindyourselfthatthegoalofconversationisnotmerelytotradewords,buttotrulyunderstandwhattheotherpartyissayingandtobeunderstoodinturn.(提醒自己，对话的目的不仅仅是交换语言，而是要真正理解对方在说什么，并被对方理解。)”说明了对话的目的是理解对方，并被对方理解，空格处也应该是说倾听是和理解有关的，G选项“Rememberthatlisteningisnotjusttogatherinformationandshareideas,butalsotogainperspectiveandunderstanding.(记住，倾听不仅仅是为了收集信息和分享想法，也是为了获得观点和理解。)”说明了倾听是为了理解，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2024·浙江·三模）Oneday,hundredsofpeoplewerestuckintrafficonthehighwayinbelow-freezingtemperaturesduetoasnowstorm.Withtheconditionsmakingit21forrescueworkerstohelp,manyweretrappedovernightwithnoaccessto22.Butonestuckdriverfounda23spotinthedespair.Asshewassittinginhercarfearingthe24,CaseyHolihanandherhusband,JohnNoe,25abreadtruckjustaheadoftheminthejam.Willingtotryjustaboutanything,theycalledthecustomerservicenumberlistedonthebackofthetruckandlefta26beggingforthedrivertoopenthebackand27breadtothehungrypassengersaroundthem.Itwasalast-ditcheffort,andthecouplewasn’tvery28aboutgettingaresponse.Buttotheir29theysoonreceivedaphonecallfromthecompany’sowner,ChuckPaterakis,withthenewsthathewas30thetruck’sdrivertoopenupandpassoutloavesofbreadfromhiscargo.Overjoyedbythenews,HolihanandNoe31thetruck’sdrivertobringmuch-neededthingstothecarsaroundthem.Thesimpleloavesofbreadweresurelyarayof32inanimpossiblydisturbingsituation.Holihanherselfcallsit“oneofthe33moments”she’severwitnessed.Thiscompanycouldhavemadea(n)34fromthebreadbutinsteadchosetohelpthepeoplearoundthem.Thatisjustsoincrediblethatsomeonechose35overprofit,especiallyinasituationwherepeopleweresodesperate.21．A．stressful B．effortless C．practical D．difficult22．A．water B．necessities C．bread D．blankets23．A．new B．familiar C．bright D．strange24．A．least B．best C．most D．worst25．A．spotted B．realized C．stared D．knew26．A．number B．message C．note D．clue27．A．lend B．sell C．distribute D．send28．A．upset B．optimistic C．excited D．anxious29．A．relief B．regret C．surprise D．credit30．A．consulting B．guiding C．begging D．instructing31．A．keptupwith B．teamedupwith C．metupwith D．putupwith32．A．hope B．truth C．inspiration D．faith33．A．happiest B．bravest C．kindest D．friendliest34．A．profit B．difference C．living D．contribution35．A．welfare B．fame C．award D．humanity【答案】21．D22．B23．C24．D25．A26．B27．C28．B29．C30．D31．B32．A33．C34．A35．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了由于暴风雪，数百人在零下的气温下被困在高速公路上，由于条件恶劣，救援人员很难提供帮助，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。正当人们绝望时，一位被困的司机，看到了前车是一辆装载面包的车，他们很快拨通了卡车后面的客户服务电话，很快就接到了公司老板ChuckPaterakis的电话，告诉装面包的车，把车上的面包分发出去。这救了很多被困的人，展现出人性的善良。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于条件恶劣，救援人员很难提供帮助，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。A.stressful紧张的，压力大的；B.effortless不需费力的；C.practical实际的；D.difficult困难的。根据上文“Oneday,hundredsofpeoplewerestuckintrafficonthehighwayinbelow-freezingtemperaturesduetoasnowstorm.”可知，救援人员很难提供帮助。故选D项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于条件恶劣，救援人员很难提供帮助，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。A.water水；B.necessities必需品；C.bread面包；D.blankets毯子。根据上文“Withtheconditionsmakingit

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forrescueworkerstohelp,manyweretrappedovernight”可知，许多人被困过夜，无法获得必需品。故选B项。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但一位被困的司机在绝望中找到了一丝光明。A.new新的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.bright明亮的；D.strange陌生的。根据下文“abreadtruckjustaheadoftheminthejam.”可知，这无异于困难中的一丝光明。故选C项。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：CaseyHolihan和她的丈夫JohnNoe正坐在车里担心最糟糕的情况，他们发现一辆面包车就在他们前面。A.least最少的；B.best最好的；C.most最多的；D.worst最糟糕的。根据上文“fearing”可知，担心最糟糕的情况。故选D项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：CaseyHolihan和她的丈夫JohnNoe正坐在车里担心最糟糕的情况，他们发现一辆面包车就在他们前面。A.spotted发现；B.realized意识到；C.stared盯着看；D.knew知道。根据下文“abreadtruckjustaheadoftheminthejam.”可知，他们发现一辆面包车就在他们前面。故选A项。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意尝试任何办法，于是打电话给卡车后面的客户服务电话，并留言请求司机打开后车厢，把面包分发给周围饥饿的乘客。A.number数字；B.message信息；C.note笔记；D.clue线索。根据上文“theycalledthecustomerservicenumberlisted”可知，留言请求司机打开后车厢。故选B项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意尝试任何办法，于是打电话给卡车后面的客户服务电话，并留言请求司机打开后车厢，把面包分发给周围饥饿的乘客。A.lend借；B.sell卖；C.distribute分发；D.send发送。根据下文“passoutloavesofbreadfromhiscargo”可知，请求司机打开后车厢，把面包分发给周围饥饿的乘客。故选C项。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是最后的努力，这对夫妇对得到回应不太乐观。A.upset沮丧的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.excited兴奋的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据上文“Itwasalast-ditcheffort”以及下文的惊讶可知，这对夫妇对得到回应不太乐观。故选B项。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令他们吃惊的是，他们很快就接到了公司老板ChuckPaterakis的电话，告诉他们他正在指示卡车司机打开车门，把车上的面包分发出去。A.relief缓解；B.regret后悔；C.surprise惊讶；D.credit信贷。根据上文“Itwasalast-ditcheffort,andthecouplewasn’tvery____8____

aboutgettingaresponse.”以及下文“theysoonreceivedaphonecallfromthecompany’sowner”可知，他们很惊讶。故选C项。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但令他们吃惊的是，他们很快就接到了公司老板ChuckPaterakis的电话，告诉他们他正在指示卡车司机打开车门，把车上的面包分发出去。A.consulting咨询；B.guiding指导；C.begging祈求；D.instructing指示。根据下文“thetruck’sdrivertoopenupandpassoutloavesofbreadfromhiscargo.”可知，他们他正在指示卡车司机打开车门。故选D项。31．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：听到这个消息，霍利汉和诺伊欣喜若狂，他们与卡车司机合作，把急需的东西送到他们周围的汽车上。A.keptupwith跟上；B.teamedupwith合作；C.metupwith遇到；D.putupwith忍受。根据下文“thetruck’sdrivertobringmuch-neededthingstothecarsaroundthem.”可知，他们与卡车司机合作，把急需的东西送到他们周围的汽车上。故选B项。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种令人难以置信的混乱局面中，简单的几条面包无疑是一线希望。A.hope希望；B.truth事实；C.inspiration灵感；D.faith信仰。根据下文“inanimpossiblydisturbingsituation”可知，面包就是希望。故选A项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：霍利汉自己称这是她所见过的“最善良的时刻之一”。A.happiest最快乐的；B.bravest最勇敢的；C.kindest最好的；D.friendliest最友好的。在困难时刻，有人伸出了援助之手，可见这是最善良的时刻。故选C项。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家公司本可以从面包中获利，但却选择帮助周围的人。A.profit利润；B.difference不同；C.living居住，生活；D.contribution贡献。根据下文“profit”可知，这家公司本可以从面包中获利。故选A项。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这太不可思议了，有人选择了人性而不是利益，尤其是在人们如此绝望的情况下。A.welfare福利；B.fame名气；C.award奖，奖品；D.humanity人类，人性。在人们如此绝望的情况下得到了帮助，这是人性的体现。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)（2024·江西南昌·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Atnoon,theTongxinCafeterianeartheJing’anTempledowntownhasaqueuethatshowsitsmulti-generationalpopularity.Themenu,withover60disheschangeddaily,36(cater)toarangeoftastes.Formanyyoungpeoplewhothinkcookingforthemselvesistime-consuming,thenearbycommunitycanteenisaperfect37(solve).Thesecafeterias,onceknownas“seniorcanteens”,wereoriginallyestablishedtoprovidehealthymeals38affordablepricestoolderfolkswhomightnotbegettingenoughnutritionathome.Shanghaigovernmentsetagoalofbuil