贵州省特岗教师招聘(中学英语)历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)

贵州省特岗教师招聘（中学英语）历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.单项选择题2.阅读理解4.翻译5.完形填空6.写作单项选择题1．Advertisementsgiveus______aboutproducts,suchastheirpricesanduses.A．informationB．newsC．wordsD．pictures正确答案：A解析：本题考查名词的辨析。句意：广告能给我们提供很多关于产品的信息，比如它们的价格和用处等。A项information意为“信息、消息”；B项news意为“新闻”；C项words意为“言语、话语”；D项pictures意为“照片”。所以答案为A。2．—Whichshirtwillyoutake,Betty?—______.Theblueoneistoolongandthewhiteoneistooshort.A．BothB．NeitherC．EitherD．None正确答案：B解析：本题考查不定代词的辨析。句意：一贝蒂，你想要哪一件衬衫?一两件都不想要，蓝色的太长，白色的太短。A项both表示“两者都……”；B项neither表示“两者都不……”；C项either表示“两者中的任何一个……”；D项none表示“三者都不……”。所以答案为B。3．DuringthelastParalympics,alltheroomsintheParalympicVillageinBeijingaresodesignedthattheyare______tothedisabled.A．accessibleB．availableC．convenientD．valid正确答案：A解析：本题考查形容词的辨析。句意：上一届北京残奥会期间，残奥村所有的房间都是经过精心设计的以便于残疾人进入。beaccessibleto意为“容易进入的，容易接近的”；beavailableto意为“可用的；可被……利用的”；beconvenientto意为“……方便的”;bevalidto意为“对……有效”。结合语境可知，A项更符合。4．—JerryandLucymustbothlikemovies.Ioftenmeetthematthecinema.—______isLucy,notJerry,wholikesmovies.A．SoB．ThatC．ItD．Such正确答案：C解析：本题考查强调句型。句意：一杰里和露西一定都喜欢看电影，我经常会在电影院遇见他们。一是露西喜欢看电影，而不是杰里。本题考查Itis…that／who…的句型，所以答案为C。5．Mom,havearestplease.You______inthekitcheneversinceyoucamehome.A．hadworkedB．wereworkingC．havebeenworkingD．wouldwork正确答案：C解析：本题考查动词时态。句意：妈妈，请休息一下，自从你回家以后就一直在厨房里忙。本题中since在句中引导时间状语从句，从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时的进行时表示动作一直持续到现在。所以答案为C。6．Asoneofthebest-knownAmericanauthorsof20thcentury,ErnestHemingwaywroteallthefollowingnovelsEXCEPT______.A．ForWhomtheBellTollsB．TheGreenHillsofAfricaC．TheSoundandtheFuryD．TheOldManandtheSea正确答案：C解析：本题考查对海明威作品的了解。A项《丧钟为谁而鸣》、B项《非洲的青山》、D项《老人与海》都是海明威的作品，C项《喧嚣与躁动》是威廉·福克纳的作品。7．Theperiodrangingfrom1865to1914hasbeenreferredtoas______intheliteraryhistoryoftheUnitedStates.A．theAgeofEnlightenmentB．theAgeofRomanticismC．NewEnglandTranscendentalismD．theAgeofRealism正确答案：D解析：本题考查美国的现实主义时期。A项启蒙时期是17世纪后期一18世纪中期；B项浪漫主义时期是18世纪末一19世纪初；C项新英格兰超验主义兴起于19世纪30年代。所以答案为D。8．Theutterance“Wearealreadyworking25hoursaday,eightdaysaweek.“isinviolationoftheprincipleof______.A．qualityB．mannerC．relationD．quantity正确答案：A解析：本题考查格莱斯合作原则中的质量准则。质量准则要求说话者不要说自己认为不真实的话，不要说缺乏足够证据的话。题干中“一天工作25个小时，一周工作8天”的说法，明显错误，违背了质量准则。所以答案为A。9．Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“gentleman”canbewrittenas______.A．[+ANIMATE],[+MALE],[+HUMAN],[-ADULT]B．[+ANIMATE],[+MALE],[+HUMAN],[+ADULT]C．[+ANIMATE],[-MALE],[+HUMAN],[-ADULT]D．[+ANIMATE],[-MALE],[+HUMAN],[+ADULT]正确答案：B解析：本题考查单词的语义成分。单词的语义成分就是把一个词项分解成一组更小的成分，如题中gentleman的语义就可以分解为[animate]、[human]、[male]、[adult]，且在分析中用“+”表示具有此语义特征，用“一”表示不具有此语义特征，所以最后的语义成分为[+ANI—MATE]，[+MALE]，[+HUMAN]，[+ADULT]。10．Asasalesman,heworksona(an)______basis,taking10%ofeverythinghesells.A．salaryB．pensionC．commissionD．income正确答案：C解析：本题考查短语的固定搭配。句意：作为一个销售人员，他按照销售量的10％提取佣金。commissionbasis为固定搭配，意为“佣金制”。所以答案为C。阅读理解Inrecentyears,wehaveallwatchedtheincreasingcommercializationofthecampus.Thenumerousadvertisingpostersandthegoldenarchesoffastfoodoutletsmaybeaninsulttoouraestheticsensibilities,buttheyare,arguably,noworsethanugly.Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrespect.“Privatization”andthe“businessmodel”arethepotentialmenace.Whatdothesenotionsmean?Tome,theyinvolveanincreaseddependenceonindustryandcharitableactionsforoperatingtheuniversity;anincreasedamountofourresourcesbeingdirectedtoappliedorso-calledpracticalsubjects,bothinteachingandinresearch;aproprietarytreatmentofresearchresults,withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell.Wepayincreasingattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofour“customers”and,astheoldsayinggoes,“thecustomerisalwaysright”.Privatizationisparticularlyfrighteningfromthepointofviewofpublicwell-being.Aresearcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingundercontractwithamedicine-makingcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.Herdismissalcausedascandal,andshewassubsequentlyrestoredtoherpreviousposition.Theuniversityandhospitalinquestionarenowworkingoutsomethingsimilartotenureforhospital-basedresearchersandguidelinesforcontracts,sothatmorepublicexposureofprivatelyfundedresearchwillbecomepossible.Thisisararevictoryandasmallstepintherightdirection,butthegeneraltrendistheotherway.Thankstoprofit-drivenprivatefunding,researchersarenotonlyforcedtokeepvaluableinformationsecret,theyareoftencontractuallyobligedtokeepdiscovereddangerstopublichealthunderwraps,too.Ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistonsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemic.Thispreventedothersfromreviewingtherelevantdataandpointingoutthatproblemsweremoreseriousthangovernmentwaslettingon.11．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatthecampuslifehasbecome______.A．moreconvenientB．somewhatharmfulC．ratheruglyD．nomoreaestheticthanbefore正确答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercidizedcampuslife…werightlyrespect”可知，本题答案为B。12．“Privatization”andthe“businessmodel”inthispassagemostprobablymean______.A．potentialmenacetolifeB．newtrendoncampusC．dependenceonindustryandcharitiesD．newfeaturesofcampuslife正确答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句可知，“privatization”和“businessmodel”最可能指的是大学生活的新特征。所以答案为D。13．Theauthorbelievesthatweshouldpay______.A．dueattentiontothepublicinterestinfree,sharedknowledgeB．littleattentiontoappliedsubjectsC．considerableattentiontothecommercialinterestinthesecrecyofresearchresultsD．moreattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofourcustomers正确答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据“aproprietarytreatmentofresearchresults，withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyovertidingthepublicinterestinfree，sharedknowledge”可知，作者认为不应该践踏公众获得和分享知识的自由。所以答案为A。14．Theresearchermentionedinthethirdparagraphwasfiredbecause______.A．sheworkedfortherivalofthecompanyB．shefailedtokeepherresearchresultssecretC．shewascommittedtoacontractwithacompanyD．shewasobligedtokeepherdiscoveriessecret正确答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据“…madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful．Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract，andsoshewasfired”可知，她将药物有害公之于众，违反了合同，所以被公司解雇了。因此答案为C。15．Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.A．thegeneralpublicistoonaivetoacceptthe“privatization”B．thenotionthat“thecustomerisalwaysright”isoutofdateC．itisageneraltrendthattherewillbemorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearchD．thebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemicinBritainwasmoreseriousthanwhatwasdisclosed正确答案：D解析：理解推断题。根据文章最后一句话”这样做可以防止别人检查相关数据并指出比政府所透露的更为严重的问题”可知，D项符合题意。Justiceinsocietymustincludebothafairtrailtotheaccusedandtheselectionofanappropriatepunishmentforthoseprovenguilty.Becausejusticeisregardedasoneformofequality,wefindinitsearlierexpressionstheideaofapunishmentequaltothecrime.RecordedintheBibleistheexpression“aneyeforaneye,andatoothforatooth”.Thatis,theindividualwhohasdonewronghascommittedanoffenseagainstsociety.Tomakerepaymentforthisoffense,societymustgetequallybalanced,whichcanbedoneonlybyimposinganequalinjuryuponhim.Thisconceptionofdeserved-punishmentjusticeisreflectedinmanypartsofthelegalcodesandproceduresofmoderntimes,whichisillustratedwhenwedemandthedeathpenaltyforapersonwhohascommittedmurder.ThisphilosophyofpunishmentwassupportedbytheGermanidealistHegel,whobelievedthatsocietyowedittothecriminaltoputintooperationapunishmentequaltothecrimehehadcommitted.Thecriminalhadbyhisownactionsdeniedhistrueselfanditisnecessarytodosomethingthatwilleliminatethisdenialandrestoretheselfthathasbeendenied.Tothemurderernothinglessthangivinguphisownlifewillpayhisdebt.Thedemandforthedeathpenaltyisarightthestateowesthecriminalanditshouldnotdenyhimwhathedeserves.Modernjuristshavetriedtoreplacedeserved-punishmentjusticewiththenotionofcorrective(改造式的)justice.Theaimofthelatterisnottoabandontheconceptofequalitybuttofindamoreadequatewaytoexpressit.Ittriestopreservetheideaofequalopportunityforeachindividualtorealizethebestthatisinhim.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcriminalswillescapepunishmentorbequicklyreturnedtotakeupcareersofcrime.Itmeansthatjusticeistohealtheindividual,notsimplytogetwithhim.Therefore,hisconvictionofcrimemustnotdeprivehimoftheopportunitytomakehiswayinthesocietyofwhichheisapart.16．AccordingtotheBible,theconceptofequalityinjusticemeans______.A．acriminalmustbeseverelypunishedB．acriminalmustbegivenapunishmentthatisexactlythesameasthecrimehehasdoneC．acriminalmustbegivenapunishmentthathedeservesD．acriminalmustbepayforhiscrimewithhiseyesandteeth正确答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据“aneyeforaneye，andatoothforatooth”的意思“以眼还眼，以牙还牙”可知，《圣经》提倡给予犯罪的人应有的惩罚，只有B项符合题意。所以答案为B。17．Theresultofdeserved-punishmentjusticeis______.A．thecriminal’swinningofatruelifeB．thecriminal’stakingdeathpenaltyforthecrimecommittedbyhimC．thecriminal’sdenialofhistrueselfD．therestorationofthecriminal’sguiltyselftotheselfbeforethecrime正确答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“itisnecessarytodosomethingthatwilleliminatethisdenialandrestoretheselfthathasbeendenied”可知，法律制裁是为了让犯罪分子恢复到犯罪之前的自己。所以答案为D。18．Inthesentence:“societyowedittothecriminaltoputintooperationapunishmentequaltothecrimehehadcommitted”theunderlinedpartcanbeinterpretedas:society______.A．wasindebttothecriminalandmustputhimintooperationasapunishmentB．shouldconsiderpunishmentassomethingitmustdosothatthecriminalcangetpaidbackforhiscrimeC．owedthecriminalequalityandmustfirstshowitinactionD．owedanoperationofequalcrimetothecriminal正确答案：B解析：细节理解题。句意：社会有责任让犯罪分子得到应有的惩罚。所以答案为B。19．Themaindifferencebetweendeserved-punishmentandcorrectivejusticeis______.A．thelatterisfornon-punishmentequalityB．thelatterhates“aneyeforaneye”equalityofpunishmentC．thelatterplacesthecriminal’sequalrightsinlifeaboveeverythingelseD．thelatterfocusesonbothreformingthecriminalandgivinghimnewopportunitiesinsociety正确答案：D解析：细节理解题。deserved—punishment强调犯罪分子受到的惩罚应该与其犯罪程度等值，而correctivejustice重在对犯罪分子进行拯救。所以答案为D。20．Comparedwiththeoldjusticeconcept,modernlawasshowninthispassageis______.A．lessvengefulB．lesseffectiveC．lessjustD．lessreasonable正确答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据“justiceistohealtheindividual，notsimplytogetevenwithhim”可知，现代法律制裁是为了拯救人们，而不是让人们复仇。所以答案为A。vengeful意为“复仇的”；effective意为“有效的”；just作形容词时意为“公平的”；reasonable意为“合理的”。翻译21．几经周折，我才在一家金矿找到一份工作。正确答案：Aftertryinghard，Igotajobjnagoldmine．22．那时这被认为是一次技术革命，也是我从事人工智能研究的开始。正确答案：Atthattime，itwasconsideredasatechnologicalrevolutionandthestartofmystudyofartificialintelligence．23．到了这个时候，他的餐馆本该宾客盈门。正确答案：Bynowhisrestaurantoughttobefullofpeople．24．昨天我们见了面，我做自我介绍时，他靠得很近。正确答案：Whenwemetyesterday，hemovedclosetomeasIintroducedmyself．25．事实的经过是这样的。正确答案：Thisishowthestorygoes．26．ApoliceofficerinasmalltownstoppedamotoristwhowasspeedingdownMainStreet.“Butofficer,“themansaid,“Icanexplain.““Justbequiet!”snappedtheofficer.“OrI’mgoingtoletyoucooloffinjailuntilthechiefgetsback.““Butofficer,Ijustwantedtosay...”“AndIsaidKEEPQUIET!Nowyou’regoingtojail!”Afewhourslater,theofficercheckeduponhisprisonerandsaid,“Luckyforyouthechiefisathisdaughter’swedding.He’llbeinagreatmoodwhenhegetshere.““Don’tcountonit,“saidtheprisoner.“I’mthegroom;heismyfather-in-law.“正确答案：一名骑摩托车的男子在大街上超速行驶，警官将他拦了下来。“警官，我……”男子辩解说，“听我解释……”“你闭嘴!”警官喝道：“等长官回来，我让你到监狱里去反省!”“警官，我是说……”“我叫你闭嘴!你等着进监狱吧!”几小时以后，警官给罪犯做笔录的时候说：“你挺走运的，今天长官女儿结婚。他回来心情一定不错。”“甭指望了，”罪犯说：“我是新郎，他是我岳父。”完形填空Oncetherewasalittlegirlwhocametoliveinanorphanage(孤儿院).AsChristmastimewasdrawingnear,alloftheotherchildren【C1】______tellingthelittlegirlaboutthebeautifulChristmastreethatwouldappearinthehalldownstairsonChristmasmorning.Aftertheirusual【C2】______,eachchildwouldbegiventheironlyChristmasgift,asmallorange.Theheadmasteroftheorphanagewasvery【C3】______withthekids.SoonChristmasEve,whenhe【C4】______thelittlegirlslippingdownthestairstopeek(偷看)atthemuch-heard-ofChristmastree,he【C5】______thatthelittlegirlwouldnotreceiveherChristmasorangebecauseshehadbeensocuriousastodisobeytherules.Thelittlegirlranbacktoherroom【C6】______,cryingatherterriblefate.Thenextmorningastheotherchildrenweregoingdownforbreakfast,thelittlegirlstayedinherbed.Shecouldn’t【C7】______thethoughtofseeingtheothersreceivetheirgiftwhiletherewouldbe【C8】______forher.Later,asthechildrencamebackupstairs,thelittlegirlwassurprisedtobehandedanapkin(餐巾).Asshecarefullyopenedit,there,toher【C9】______,wasanorangeallpeeledandsectioned(分瓣).“Howcouldthisbe?”sheasked.Then,sherealizedthateachchildhadtakenonesectionfromtheirorangeforhersothatshe,too,wouldhaveaChristmasorange.WhatanexampleofthetruemeaningofChristmasthoseorphanchildrenshowedthatmorning!HowI【C10】______theworldwouldshowthesamekindofconcernforothers,notonlyatChristmas,butthroughouttheyear!27．【C1】A．stoppedB．beganC．hatedD．avoided正确答案：B解析：句意理解题。句意：当圣诞节来临的时候，别的孩子就开始给她讲述关于美丽圣诞树的故事。所以答案为B。28．【C2】A．breakfastB．lunchC．dinnerD．break正确答案：A解析：语境分析题。联系下文的“…weregoingdownforbreakfast”可知，本题答案为A。29．【C3】A．patientB．satisfiedC．angryD．strict正确答案：D解析：语境分析题。分析下文，根据校长因为小女孩下楼偷看圣诞树而没有给她发橘子可知，校长对孩子们要求很严格。所以答案为D。30．【C4】A．caughtB．tookC．heldD．kept正确答案：A解析：语境分析题。根据下文小女孩受到了校长的惩罚推理可知，此处则是校长抓住了小女孩偷看圣诞树。所以答案为A。31．【C5】A．noticedB．declaredC．explainedD．doubted正确答案：B解析：词义辨析题。句意：他宣布：小女孩将不会收到圣诞节的礼物——橘子，因为她太好奇而违反了规定。notice意为“注意”；declare意为“宣布，宣称”；explain意为“解释”；doubt意为“怀疑，疑惑”。所以答案为B。32．【C6】A．open-heartedB．broken-heartedC．light-heartedD．warm-hearted正确答案：B解析：语境分析题。联系上下文可知，小女孩未收到圣诞礼物，所以很伤心。答案为B。33．【C7】A．standB．understandC．rememberD．find正确答案：A解析：语境分析题。联系上文可知，小女孩不能收到礼物，所以她不能忍受看着别人收到礼物。答案为A。34．【C8】A．someB．noneC．manyD．one正确答案：B解析：语境分析题。根据上文可知，小女孩没有收到礼物。所以答案为B。35．【C9】A．surpriseB．regretC．sorrowD．anger正确答案：A解析：语境分析题。联系上下文可知，小女孩本不该收到礼物却收到了礼物，所以她很惊讶。所以答案为A。36．【C10】A．wonderB．thinkC．wishD．feel正确答案：C解析：语境分析题。纵观全文，由孩子们在圣诞节给小女孩送橘子献关爱这件事可知，作者希望人们一直要关爱他人，而不仅仅是在圣诞节这一天。答案为C。写作37．假如你叫李华，是南开中学的一名学生。最近你校在为一批来自加拿大的学生征寻住宿家庭，你有意申请。请根据下表提供的信息用英语给校长写封信，说明你申请的理由。申请理由住宿条件宽敞，整洁，环境优美语言优势擅长英语，父母也懂英语，不会有交流困难接待经验上个月刚刚接待过两名美国学生参观游览父亲可驾车陪同参观附近的名胜其他……(内容由考生自己添加)注意：(1)文章必须包括所有要点。(2)字数：100字左右。信的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dearsir,I’mwritingtorequestavaluablechancetobeoneofthehostfamiliesfortheCanadianstudents...正确答案：Dearsir,I’mwritingtorequestavaluablechancetobeoneofthehostfamiliesfortheCanadianstuden