无锡市立人高级中学高一英语周测试卷（选必1U1单元测试）

无锡市立人高级中学高一英语周测（选必1Unit1单元测验20240519）考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：100分第一部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThereisanoldsayinginChinathatgoes,“ThedaysoftheSanjiuperiodarethecoldestdays.”“Sanjiuperiod”,whichisinMinor(较小的)Cold,referstothethirdninedayperiod(the19thtothe27thday)afterthedayoftheWinterSolstice(冬至).TherearemanydifferentcustomsrelatedtoMinorColdinChina.EatinghotpotDuringMinorColdpeopleshouldeatsomehotfoodtobenefitthebodyanddefendagainstthecoldweather.Winteristhebesttimetohavehotpotandbraisedmuttonwithsoysauce.Butitisimportanttonoticethattoomuchspicyfoodmaycausehealthproblems.EatinghuangyacaiInTianjin,thereisacustomtohavehuangyacai,akindofChinesecabbage,duringMinorCold.TherearelargeamountsofvitaminsAandBinhuangyacai.Ashuangyacaiisfreshandtender,itisfitforfrying,roastingandbraising.Eatingglutinousrice(糯米饭)Accordingtotradition,theCantoneseeatglutinousriceinthemorningduringMinorCold.Cantonesepeopleaddsomefriedpreserved(腌制的)pork,sausageandpeanutsandmixthemintotherice.EatingvegetablericeInancienttimes,peopleinNanjingtookMinorColdquiteseriously,butastimewentby,thecelebrationofMinorColdgraduallydisappeared.However,thecustomofeatingvegetablericeisstillfollowedtoday.Thericeissteamedandisunspeakablydelicious.Amongtheingredients(原料),aijiaohuang(akindofgreenvegetable),sausageandsaltedduckarethespecialtiesinNanjing.1．WhatdoweknowaboutMinorCold?A．TheSanjiuperiodisinthisperiod. B．ItreferstotheWinterSolstice.C．Itlaststwentysevendays. D．Itmarksthefirstdayofwinter.2．WhatisaspecialcustominTianjininMinorCold?A．Eatinghotpot. B．HavingvitaminAandBpills.C．Havinghuangyacai. D．Buyingcabbage.3．Thistextmaybetakenfromthecolumn(栏目)ofanewspaper.A．travel B．fashion C．culture D．scienceBHaveyoueverwonderedwhymoststoreboughttomatoesaresotasteless?Doesitrelatetoclimatechangeorsoils?Theanswerhassomethingtodowithfarmers’ine:Tomatofarmerscareaboutoutput,andthegeneticvariants(基因变体)associatedwithoutputarenotassociatedwithtastytomatoflavor,anewstudyfinds.Isitpossibletobringbacktherich,sweetflavorofthetomato?Tofindout,DeniseTieman,researchassistantattheUniversityofFlorida,exploredwhichgenesareassociatedwithtomatoes’taste.Inanattempttofixsupermarkettomatoes,Floridaresearcherslookedat398differenttypesandidentifiedthechemicalandgeneticmakeupofeachone.Theyhadparticipantstastetest101varieties,crossreferencingtheparticipants’favoriteswiththeirresearchfindings.Theyendedupwith13geneticpositionsthataremostlikelyresponsibleforgivingtomatoestheirflavor.Theresearchersthenmeasuredthecontentofthe13flavorpositionsineachofthetomatoes,andidentifiedabout250geneticloci(遗传基因座)thatcontrolledtomatoflavor.Andtheresearchersalsowantedtoexplorewhysupermarkettomatoeshavenotaste.Itturnsoutthatforindustrialgrowers,itallesdowntopriorities(优先性).NorthAmericanconsumerswantyearroundavailability,sofarmersstartedraisingtheirplantsforqualitieslikefirmness,shelflife,highoutputanddiseaseresistance,saysTieman.“Nottodiscountanyofthatbecauseit’sallimportant.Wewanttohavetomatoesinthegrocerystoresyearroundandbeabletoshipthemlongdistanceswhenit’swinterinthenorth.IftheyhavetobeshippedfromFloridaorMexico,youneedtohaveallthosefeatures.”Butasgrowersplantedtomatoestomeetthosepriorities,theflavorgraduallydisappeared.Goingbacktotheoldvarietiesisnotanoption—atleast,notforgrocerystores.Buttheresearchersbelievethatthereishopeforagrowabletomatothat’sbothlonglastingandflavorfulinaboutthreetofiveyears.4．Whatisthemainreasonforthetastelessstoreboughttomatoes?A．Theygetlittleenergyfromthesoil.B．Tomatofarmersprioritizeoutputoverflavor.C．Theyareaffectedbyclimatechange.D．Consumersdemandtomatoeswithalongershelflife.5．Whatdidtheresearchersmainlydotoresearchthetasteoftomatoes?A．Theyconductedasurveyontomatoconsumers.B．Theymeasuredthesizeandfirmnessoftomatoes.C．Theyanalyzedthegeneticsofdifferenttomatovarieties.D．Theyinterviewedtomatofarmersabouttheirgrowingmethods.6．What’stheresearchers’attitudetodevelopingnewtastytomatovarieties?A．Positive. B．Reserved. C．Objective. D．Indifferent.7．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowAreTastyTomatoesProduced? B．NewTomatoVarietiestoBeReleasedC．RisksofTooMuchTomatoConsumption D．WhyDoStoreTomatoesLoseTheirFlavor?

CWhatcanbringpeoplefromaroundtheworldtogether?Skincolour?Language?Afavouritefootballteam?AccordingtoarecentstudyconductedbyOnePoll,aLondonbasedmarketingresearchpany,foodistheanswer.OnePollsurveyed2,000peoplearoundtheworld.84%ofparticipantssaidthatfoodhadthepowertoconnectpeopleofdifferentculturesandbackgrounds.“Foodhastodowithhowwelive—it’snotjustsomethingthatweingest.Foodisapartofourlives,andithelpsbringpeopleclosertogether,”oneparticipantinthesurveysaid.Peoplecangetabetterunderstandingofanotherculturethroughtryingitscuisine.Forexample,Chinesecultureisbasedontheideaofharmony(和谐),whichcanbeseeninalmosteveryaspectoflifeinChina,mostnoticeablyitscuisine.InChinesecuisine,everyingredientisusedinabalancedwaytocreatedeliciousdishesthatgowelltogether.AnotherexampleistherichdiversityofAmericancuisine,whichdirectlyreflectstherichdiversityofitsmulticulturalinfluence.Foodcanhelpstrengthenculturalties.Everycountryhasitsownwayofdoingthings,whichmeansthatsometimestherecanbeverylittlemongroundbetweencountries.However,everycountryhasfoodinmon—afterall,weallneedtoeat.Sosomethingassimpleasadinnergatheringhasthepowertobringtogetherpeoplefromdifferentcountriesorcultures.Infact,foodisoftenthecatalyst(催化剂)informingmanyimportantdecisionsandfriendships.“Webelievefoodhasatranscending(超越的)abilitytoconnectus,andthatdeliciousthingscanhappenwhenweshareheritage,culture,anduniquenessthroughfood,”saidJasonLevine,oneofthesurvey’sconductors.8．Howmanypeopleinthesurveysaidfoodbringspeopletogether?A．2,000 B．1,680 C．320 D．849．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordingestmostprobablymean?A．eat B．appreciate C．digest D．prefer10．Accordingtothepassage,whichbestdescribesChinesecultureandcuisine?A．Deepandvital. B．Diverseandbalanced.C．Balancedandharmonious. D．Harmoniousanddelicious.11．Howcanfoodhelpstrengthenculturalties?A．Byexperiencingdifferentcultures.B．Byacceptingforeignideas.C．Bybringingpeopletogether.D．Bysharingheritagewithothers.DRecently,economistFranciscaAntmanmakesaconvincingcasethattheexplosionofteaasaneveryman’sdrinkinlate1700sEnglandsavedmanylives.Thiswouldnothavebeenbecauseofanybeneficialsubstancesoftheleaf.Instead,thesimplepracticeofboilingwaterfortea,inanerabeforepeopleunderstoodthatillnesscouldbecausedbywaterbornepathogens(病原体),mayhavebeenenoughtokeepmanyfromanearlygrave.Between1761and1834,theannualdeathratedecreasedconsiderably,butwagesdidn’tseemtohaverisenmuchandstandardsoflivingarguablydidn’tincrease.Actually,withtheriseoftheindustrialrevolution,manypeoplecrowdedintotownswhosesanitation(卫生条件)leftmuchtobedesired.Somehistorianssuggestedthatboilingwaterforteamighthaveplayedaroleinthisdecrease.“Withpeopleingintocitiestowork,giventhelevelofsanitationtheyhave,thebigkilleriswater.”saysAntman.Usingdatafromover400Englishdistricts,relatingwatersourcesandqualitywithdeathrates,shefoundthekeydateis1785whenteasuddenlybecameaffordableforthemajorityofBritons.Thereweremanythingstoremendteaasadrinkofthemonpeople:youcouldmakeasatisfyingdrinkwithjustafewleaves,whichcouldbereusedformultiplepots,andteawaspotentiallycheaperthanbeer,whichbecameexpensivebothbytheplexmakingprocessandbyataxonmalt(麦芽).Shefoundthatdeathsdroppedinalldistricts,butthosewithbadwatersawdeathratesdrop18%morethanthosewithgoodwater.Interestingly,whiletherewasn’tanoticeabledecreaseindeathsamongchildrenagedtwotofive—whotypicallydidn’tconsumemuchtea—therewasaslightfallininfantdeaths,perhapsreflectingthefactthatifteadrinkingparentshadlessdiarrheal(腹泻)disease,theirveryyoungchildrenmighthavebeenprotectedabitaswell.12．Whatmightcontributetodecreaseddeathratesaccordingtosomehistorians?A．Desirablesanitation. B．Lesswaterrelateddisease.C．Industrialrevolution. D．Beneficialsubstancesintea.13．WhydidthemajorityofBritonsin1785turntotea?A．Becauseittastedbetterthanbeer. B．Becauseitwaslesscostlyandreusable.C．Becausepeopleneedn’tpayanytaxonit. D．Becausepeopleenjoyeditsmakingprocess.14．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Drinkingteahastittleinfluenceonyoungchildren.B．Childrencanalsodrinkteatoprotectthemselvesfromdiarrhealdisease.C．Parents’teadrinkinghabitsmayhaveapositiveeffectontheirchildren.D．Deathratesofchildrendidn’tdropduetotheirlackofteadrinkinghabits.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Whypeopleneedtoboilwatertomaketea.B．WhyBritishdevelopalovefordrinkingtea.C．HowteagainsincreasingpopularityinBritain.D．HowBritain’stasteforteamayhavesavedlives.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。At11:50,thebellrings.Westudentsrushtothecanteenatanamazingspeedtoenjoyourlunch.Haveweeverstoppedtoseewhathappensafterthemeal?16.Sadly,thisisnotamonsight.Wewillfind,instead,amountainofleftoversinthewastebins.17.Thisirresponsiblefoodwastedeedcanneverbetolerated.Itreflectspoorlyonourhygienepractice(食品良好卫生规范).18.Let’slearnfromaMichelinstarchefwhosaysthathewillalwaysrespectthefishhecooks.Why?19.Hecanfullyunderstandthedangerswhichthefishermanconstantlyfacesinordertosupplythefishtohim.Therefore,bynotwastinganypartofthefish,andbycookingexcellentlyeverytime,thechefisappreciatingthefisherman’sefforts.20.Justthinkofthepoorandhomelesswhohavenoteatenfordaysduetoawaroranaturaldisasterthatmayhavewipedouthomesandfamilies.Think:“wouldn’titbegoodifwesharedourfoodinsteadofthrowingawaywhatwecan’tfinish?”Let’srespectourfoodandsharethejoyoflivingwellthroughgivingfoodtothoseinneed.A．Someunfinishedfoodistakenawaytothedormitory.B．Wecanalsopackfoodfromhomeorbuycannedfoodorbiscuitstogivetotheneedy.C．Theidealpicturewouldbethis:thechefseeshishardworkbeingrewardedwhenpilesofempty.D．Simply,herecognizesthesacrificesthefishermanmakes.E．Similarly,weshouldrespectandappreciateourfoodmore.F．Andsomeofthesefoodshavenoteventouchedthestudents’lips.G．Italsoshowsthatlittlethoughthasbeenputinpreventingfoodwastage.第二部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’mnowthecookandownerofarestaurant.Nothinginmyearlyyearsledmeto21mylifewouldconnecttofoodandcookingdeeply.Myfamilydideattogetheroften:wehada22thatmygrandmothercookedtheweeklybigmealonweekends,butfoodwashardlythe23ofmyfamily’sstory.AfterIenteredcollege.Iwasstill24aboutwhatIwantedtodo.Iwas“supposed”to25myfamily,gettingadegreeinmedicineatgraduateschoolorsomethingsimilar.Whenacceptingthejobassistingcooksafterfinishingcollege,Ijust26topaymyrent.Thatdidn’t27anybiglifeplans.However,asIworkedlonger,thefoodworldshowedmeamazing28.Toolittlesalt,andadishis29tobe“tastelss”.Abitlemonjuicehelpspreventcutapplesandpeachesfromturningbrownand30theirappealingcolors.Thelessonthatsmallthingsmatterremindsmetonever31tinystuffinallpartsoflife.Also,workingwithfoodteachesmetoreallytaste,smellandtouch.Ilearntoobservemy32,watchingwaysbirdsland,thegrowthoftreesalongroads…and33wondersineverydaylife.34,Iheaddownmyownpath,whichis35fromgoingtomedicalschoolasmyparentsdid,butgivesmylifepurposeanddirection.21．A．wonder B．expect C．doubt D．admit22．A．suggestion B．pleasure C．tradition D．desire23．A．center B．trouble C．witness D．secret24．A．sensitive B．passive C．unconcerned D．unclear25．A．sponsor B．pany C．follow D．urge26．A．happened B．intended C．managed D．promised27．A．inspire B．affect C．replace D．prevent28．A．opportunity B．wisdom C．memories D．skills29．A．easy B．fit C．true D．sure30．A．preserve B．hide C．restore D．change31．A．worry B．forgive C．justify D．ignore32．A．decisions B．improvements C．surroundings D．differences33．A．keepaway B．endup C．sufferfrom D．eacross34．A．Evenso B．Aboveall C．Therefore D．Anyway35．A．free B．absent C．different D．far第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sugarpaintingisreviewedasbothsugarandpainting36(view)oreatandcanbeseenintemplefairs,marketfairsorinparks.Itisakindoffolktraditionalhandicraft(手工艺),37isespeciallypopularinnorthernChina.Boilbrownsugar,whitesugarandlittlemaltsugarinafireuntilawirecanbedrawnfromit.Thentheartistscoopsupaspoonofthemeltedsugarmix,38(cast)itquicklybackandforthonaslabofstonetocreateashape.Thesculpturesofcharactersandanimalssuchasdragons,fish,birds,butterflies,ZhangFeiandothersattractchildren’s39(imagine)themost.Aftertheacplishment,theyscoopupthesugarpaintingwithawideflatbladeandattachit40abamboostick.As41uniquesymbolofChineseculturenowadays,sugarpaintinghasbeengraduallygettingmoreandmoreattentionandrecognition.ChengduSugarPainting42(list)inthe“Secondbatchofnationalintangibleculturalheritage”recently.TracedbacktotheroyalcourtduringtheMingDynasty,thehandicraftthenspread43graduallydevelopedamongthemonfolk.Thetechniquematuredwith44(vary)patternsappearing.SomepeoplesaythefolkartwascreatedbythegreatpoetChenZiangintheTangDynasty.HewaspromotedtoYouShiyi(anofficialname)bytheemperorbecauseofhisspecialhandcraftofdrawingbymeltingsugar.Inordertopaybacktheemperor,he45(energetic)tooksomeapprentices(学徒)topassonthetechniqueafterretirement.Spreadingfromhandtohand,thehandicraftofsugarpaintingwaspasseddownamongthepeople.第三节（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）第一部分用所给词的适当形式填空。46．Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsis(stimulate)studentstobecreative.47．TheyareoneofAfrica’smostimpressiveandpopularanimals,andyetthe(adore)creaturesarestilllittlestudiedandnotwellunderstood.48．Thedoughforthemo