2024年山东某中学高三二模高考英语试卷试题（含答案详解）

山东省2024届高三5月针对性考试

英语试题

（本试卷共10页，共三部分；全卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。

2.本试卷满分120分，分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

3.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如

需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

4.非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试

卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

TheMasterofArtsProgramintheHumanities（MAPH）attheUniversityofChicagoisdesignedtoallowyou

thefreedomtoeitherfocusononeacademicdisciplineorexploreinterdisciplinary（跨学科的）intereststhatmaynot

fitwellwithinatraditionalMAprogram.Thisadvantage,combinedwithourstrongsupport,canhelpyoutakethe

nextstepinyourprofessionalandacademiclifeinashortamountoftime-morethan90%ofourstudentsgraduate

in9months.

TheValueofThisMAProgram

Master'sdegrees,obtainedafterfinishingMAprograms,havebecomeincreasinglycommonforadmissionto

PhDprogramsanditisnotunusualforanMAdegreetoserveasarequirementforentryintomanyprofessional

fields.MAPHalsoallowsstudentstocompleteintensiveacademicworkandpreparesthemtocontinueintofurther

graduatestudyoracareerthatmuchfaster.

AcademicSupport

MAPHstudentsareprovidedwithacademicguidancefromthemomenttheyarriveoncampus.Mostoftenthis

supportcomesfromthefollowingsources:

•AllMAPHstudentstakearequiredfallquartercoursetaughtbytheMAPHDirector.

•Studentsareplacedingroupsof10-12andworkcloselywithanassignedpost-doctoralInstructionalProfessor

orTeachingFellowthroughouttheyear.

•Overthewinterandspringquarters,MAPHstudentsworkcloselywithafacultymemberwhohasagreedto

serveastheirthesisadvisor.

•ThreeMAPHMentors,recentMAPHgraduateswhoworkasstaffmembers,areavailabletomeetwithstudents

todiscusscourseselection.

1.WhatisthehighlightoftheMAPH?

A.Interest.B.Expertise.

C.Discipline.D.Flexibility.

2WhatisthepotentialuseofobtainingtheMAPH?

A.Pursuingaprofitablecareer.B.ApplyingforaPhDprogram.

C.Publishingloadsofpaperwork.D.Choosingundergraduatestudy.

3.WhatkindofsupportisavailableforallMAPHstudents?

A.Coursebythedirectoroftheprogram.B.GroupworkwiththeMAPHdirector.

C.Adviceonthesiswritinginfallquarter.D.HelpwithcoursebooksfromMentors.

B

Educationin2080isdistinctivefromeducationinthe2020s.Untilabout2035,themainfunctionofeducation

systemswastosupplytheeconomywiththenextgenerationofworkers.In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthe

well-beingofsocietyandallitsmembers.Tomakethisabitmoretangibleforyou,Iwouldliketogiveanexample

ofwhatachild'seducationlookslikein2080.HernameisShemsy.Shemsyis13,andsheisconfidentandloves

learning.

Shemsydoesnotgotoschoolinthemorningbecauseschoolsasyouknowthemnolongerexist.Theinstitution

wasabolishedasitwaswidelythoughtofasmorelikeaprisonorafactorythanacreativelearningenvironment.

Schoolshavebeenreplacedwith"'LearningHubs“thatarenotrestrictedtocertainages.Theyarewhere

intergenerationallearninghappens,inlinewiththebeliefthatlearningisalifelongpursuit.

Everyyear,Shemsydesignsherlearningjourneyfortheyearwithahighlyattentive"teacher-citizen”.Shemsy

isactivelyengagedindesigninghereducationandhastoproposeprojectsshewouldliketobeinvolvedinto

contributetoandservehercommunity.Shealsospendslotsoftimeplayingastheroleofplayinlearninghasfinally

beenrecognizedasessentialandcoretoourhumanity.Shemsyworksalotcollaboratively.Accesstoeducationis

universal,andhighereducationinstitutionsnolongerdifferentiatethemselvesbyhowmanypeopletheyrejectyearly.

Variabilitybetweenstudentsisexpectedandleveraged（利用）asyoungpeopleteachoneanotherandusetheir

differencesasasourceofstrength.Shemsynaturallyexploreswhatsheiscuriousaboutatapaceshesets.Shestill

hassomeclassestotakethataremandatoryforchildrenglobally:BeingHumanandtheHistoryofHumanity.

Weinviteyoutothinkaboutyourvisionforeducationintheyear2080,whatdoesitlooklike,whodoesit

serve,andhowdoesittransformoursocieties?

4.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?

A.Therearedifferenttypesofeducation.

B.Thepresenteducationneedsimprovements.

C.Educationandeconomyarecloselyassociated.

D.Thegoaloffutureeducationisfundamentallydifferent.

5.WhatdoweknowabouttheLearningHubthatShemsygoesto?

A.Itacceptsstudentsofallages.B.Itpromotescompetition.

C.Itdiscouragesindividualizedlearning.D.Itisallaboutplay-basedlearning.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mandatory“inparagraph3mean?

A.Tough.B.Satisfactory.C.Optional.D.Required.

7.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AnExampletoAllB.AVisionforEducation

C.AChallengeforEducationD.AJourneyintotheFuture

c

Thewords“caring"and"empathetic”（共，情的）aren,tonesnormallyassociatedwithtechnology.Yearsley,an

Australianenterpriserwhoisexpertinartificialintelligence（AI）,istryingtochangethat.

YearsleyisthefounderofAkin,aroboticsstartupthatcurrentlyusesatablet-basedsystemtohelpusers

managethetasksrelatedtohomelife,whetherthafsplanningmealsorremindingyoutopayyourcellphonebill.

CurrenthomedevicesmadebyGoogleorAmazonorAppleusepredictiveAItotrackpatterns,strengthen

behaviorsandmanipulate（操控）buyingdecisions,someofwhich,sheassumes,arequestionableorjustunhealthy.

Incontrast,theAIthatsheisdevelopingwillbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthful

decisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesor

birthdaycelebrationswithfriends.^IfsthehardestAIIhaveeverbuiltforifsacomplexsystem,Yearsleysays.

YearsleybegandevelopingtheAkintechnologyin2017,whensherealizedtheneedtobettermanagethe

homeishugelyignored.Besides,sherealizedthatwomenunequallybeartheburdenofhouseholdwork.AUnited

Nationsreportestimatesthatwomendo2.6timestheamountofunpaidcareanddomesticworkthatmendo,or

closeto30hoursperweekintheU.S.alone.

WhileYearsleypicturesanarmyofrobotssomedayhelpingwithroutinehomemadetasks,thefirstdisplayfor

Akinwilltaketimeandmoney.Akinhasreceivedsomeearlyseedmoneyfromahandfulofinvestors,andwas

recentlyselectedasafinalistfortechgiantLGNova'sMissionfortheFutureprogram,anannualchallengethat

seekstoidentifybusinesseshavingpotentialtoimprovelifeandleadsocietyintothefuture.

8.WhatmighttheAkin'sAIsystemsuggest?

A.Consumingmoredrinkstoenjoyyourself.

B.Stayinguplateworkingtomakemoremoney.

C.Spendingmoretimestayingwithyourfamily.

D.Purchasingproductsthatmayattractyou.

9.WhatmadeYearsleydeveloptheAkin'sAIsystem?

A.ThehighcostofcurrenthomedevicesB.Heavyburdenofhousewives.

C.FinancialsupportfrominvestorsD.Akin'sbecomingafinalistforaprogram

10.WhatcanbeusedtodescribetheAkin'sAIsystem?

A.PopularandpromisingB.Stableandsecure

C.ThoughtfulandinnovativeD.Matureandideal.

11.Whafsthepurposeofthetext?

A.TointroduceafuturisticAIsystem

B.Tocomparetwocompanies9AIsystems

C.Tocallonpeopletocareabouthousewives

D.ToseeksupportforanAIexpert

Wouldapersonbornblind,whohaslearnedtodistinguishobjectsbytouch,beabletorecognizethempurely

bysightifheregainedtheabilitytosee?Thequestion,knownasMolyneux?sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehuman

mindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwith

restoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobject

throughsight,touchandothersenses.

Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhis

teamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totestwhetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentation

ofobjects,theyfirsttrainedtheinsectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirst

trainedinthelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,wherethey

couldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspentmoretimeincontactwiththeshape

theyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansightto

distinguishtheobjects.

Theresearchersalsodidtheoppositetestwithuntrainedbumblebees,firstteachingthemwithrewardsinthe

darkandthentestingtheminthelight.Again,thebeeswereabletorecognizetheshapeassociatedwiththesugar

reward,thoughtheyhadtorelyonsightratherthantouchinthetest.Inshort,beeshavesolvedMolyneux'sproblem

becausethefactsuggeststhattheycanpictureobjectfeaturesandaccessthemthroughsightortouch.

However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,aphilosopherofscience,

cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperienceassociatingvisualandtactile（触觉）informationaboutstraight

edgesandcurvedsurfacesintheirnests.

12.WhatisMolyneux'sproblemabout?

AWhethermankind'ssenseoftouchoutweighssight.

B.Whethermankind'sideaofshapeisinbornorlearned.

C.Whetherblindpeoplecanidentifytheshapeofanitem.

D.Whethertheblindcanregaintheirsenseoftouchafterrecovery.

13.HowdidLorsChittkaandhiscolleaguestrytofigureoutMolyneux'sproblem?

A.Byexperimentationonblindchildren.

B.Byconductingcontrolledexperiments.

C.Byrewardingbumblebeeswithsugar.

D.Byobservingbumblebeesintheirnests.

14.WhatisJonathanBirch'sattitudetowardstheconclusionofthebeeexperiments?

A.Skeptical.B.Supportive.

C.Dismissive.D.Ambiguous.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ScientistsFoundSensesMatter

BVisual-TactilePuzzleHasBeenSolved

C.ExperimentsWillHelptheBlindRegainSight

D.BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux'sProblem

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Ifsnosecretthatreadinggoodnewsfeelsalotbetterthanreadingbadnews.Like,wouldyouratherbiteintoa

lemon,orsiponafreshglassoflemonade?

16Theworldisfullofproblemsandconflictsandweneedtostayinformedandalert（警觉的）towhafs

goingonaroundus.Whilereadingtraditional,morenegativenewsisimportant,consuminggoodnewsisalsopart

ofstayinginformed.17Anditalsobringsmeaningfulbenefits,likereducedstressandanxiety,higherrates

ofengagement,communitybuildingskills,andinspirationforcreatingabetterworld.Plus,knowingwhattolook

forinthegoodnewslandscapeisakeypartofimprovingourmedialiteracyskillsandbeingthoughtfulnews

consumers.

Infact,goodnews,knownassolutionsjournalism,isbecomingmorepopular,aspublishersandnewsstations

discoverthebenefitsofsharingpositivestories.GoodGoodGoodisoneofthem.18Ateamofreporters

andeditorsthereworkdailytodeliverstoriesthatmakereadersfeelhopefulandequippedtodomoregoodwith

possiblesolutions.

“Ifitbleeds,itleads."haslongbeenasayingusedinthemediatodescribehownewsstoriesaboutviolence,

deathanddestructiondrawreaders5attention.19Thethingis,however,there?salsogoodstuffoutthere一

thedelightfulandkindpartsofhumanity."'Beautifulstoriesarehappeningworldwide.20Whenyoudofind

them,theworldcansuddenlyfeellikeaverydifferentplace.Goodnewsisavitalpartofhowwelearnaboutthe

worldandsolvingtheworld'sproblems.^^Hervey,oneofGoodGoodGood'seditorssaid.

A.Sharegoodnewswithpeoplearoundyou.

B.Ifsjustthatwedon'thearasmuchaboutthem.

C.Butthe"badnews“hasitsplaceintheworld.

D.Itprovidesamorebalancedviewoftheworld.

E.Andso,negativenewsstoriesareeverywhereonnewsmedia.

F.Heartwarmingstoriesmakeyoucryandfeelgood.

G.Thenewsmediacompanyisdevotedtoprovidinggoodnewsintentionally.

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Katherinewouldneverforgetthedaywhenherdaughterbroughtaplatefromkindergartenwithadrawingof

mouse-likecreaturesonit.

“Emma,whataretheselittlecharacters?Whatdoyou21them?^^Katherinesaid.t4Mom,they'remy

22.Theycometochildrenwhoarelonelyorwhoweremeanttohavea23lifb,“Emmasaid.It

24theunemployed36-year-oldmom'sheartduringatimewhenshewasn'tfeelingtoogoodabouther

job25

Allthiseventually26anewprojectforKatherine,unemployedformonths-makingalineof

stuffedanimalsforsalebasedonherdaughter's27."Everyday,Iwouldworkonit,“shesaid."Over

time,itfeltlikethisiswhatIreally28Inherbasement,Katherinecutpatterns,wrotestorylinesand

29prototypes（原型样品）toturn"ThePartners^^intodolls（玩偶）.

Todayshehasfour30dollprototypesandspecificstorylinestogowitheachmaincharacter.She

hopesto31thedollstoparentsgoingthroughhardtimes,ormaybethosepreparingtoworkoverseas,

leavingtheir32behindwithrelatives.

Shesaidevenifthedollsdon't33,she'staughtherdaughter34tokeepmovingeven

indowntimes.Ifsreallya35forthoseunemployedrightnow,shesaid.

21.A.feedB.callC.bringD.leave

22.A.guidesB.classmatesC.supportersD.partners

23.A.fairerB.tougherC.betterD.longer

24.A.wonB.touchedC.brokeD.filled

25.A.dutiesB.reportsC.prospectsD.descriptions

26.A.ledtoB.appliedtoC.referredtoD.belongedto

27.A.toysB.feelingsC.drawingsD.memories

28.A.wantedB.imaginedC.learnedD.promised

29.A.sewedB.testedC.copiedD.labeled

30.A.markedB.printedC.advertisedD.completed

31.A.returnB.lendC.exposeD.market

32.A.kidsB.jobsC.parentsD.stories

33.A.turnoutB.takeoffC.breakinD.catchup

34.A.indetailB.onpurposeC.atrandomD.byexample

35.A.traditionB.lessonC.wonderD.dream

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Withahistoryofmorethan2,000years,theSilkRoutedatesbacktotheHandynasty.Throughthisroute,the

Chinesehighlyqualifiedsilkmadeitsfametothewesterncountries.Themerchants（商人）indifferentregions

sought36（opportunity）oftradingChinesesilkalongthisroute.Thatroutefunctioned37the

lifebloodofinternationaltradeatthattime.Meanwhile,theChinesecivilization38(introduce)tothe

Westerncountriesandviceversa.TheSilkRoutewasconsideredasanewchapter39(record)the

friendshipbetweentheEuropeanandAsianpeoples.

Throughoutalltheseyears,manygreatfigureshavemadesignificantcontributionstothedevelopmentofthe

SilkRoute.Today,theSilkRoutehasa40(poet)namecalledOneBeltOneRoad,41(aim)to

helpthoseconnectedregionsincultureandeconomyexchangewithamoreadvancedroad.Themaincities

alongsideitarebecoming42(large)andmoreimportantinhelpingtradeandcultureexchange.Many

countrieshave43(true)gainedgreatbenefitsalongthetradingprocess.Allinall,theancientSilkRoadis

morelike44historicaltextbookforeveryonetoreadandtoknowabout45happenedduring

thatancienttime.IthasbeenplayingasignificantroleinthedevelopmentofthecivilizationsofChina.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris来邮件与你分享了他参加了他们学校中文学习俱乐部开展的“中国

成语(ChineseIdioms)”比赛，并获得了冠军的消息。请你给他写一封回信。

要求如下：

1.表达祝贺；

2.肯定努力;

3.表达祝愿。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅；

3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearChris,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节（满分25分）

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Beingtheyoungestinmyfamilyhashaditsadvantages,ofcourse.Butbeingtheyoungestalsocamewithits

fairshareoftroubles.IwasoftentoldwhatIcouldn'tdoandwhy.Iknewthatmyfamilylovedme.Theyalways

triedtoprotectme,helpmeandtakecareofme,butIcouldn,twaittoshowthemIcoulddothingsbymyself.

ItwasahotdayinFlorida.Theschoolyearhadjustendedanditwastimeforsummervacation.Wehadjust

gottenalittleblackdogwhowenamedOne-Eyed.

Everybodywantedtodosomethingforthedog:feedhim,teachhimtricksandtakelongwalkswithhim.

Everybodywassohappytohavethislittleactive,playfulnewadditiontoourfamily.IwassodesperatetopetOne-

Eyedmyself,too.

EverytimeIaskedmybrotherormysisterifIcoulddothat,theywouldshout,"No!”ortellmethatIhad

germs移田菌）.Once,theyevenconvincedmethatIhadsomanygermsandthatifItouchedOne-Eyedhewould

die!Ireallybelievedthemandwasscaredthatsomethingterriblewouldhappentothedog.OnceIevenconfessed

tomymomthatItouchedthedogwhennoonenoticed.Atfirst,mymomseemedveryconfusedaboutwhatIwas

tellingher,butthensherealizedthattheywereplayingajokeonmetokeepmeawayfromthedog.Mymom

criticizedmybrotherandsister,"You'dbetterstopteasingyourlittlebrother!9,Littlebrother!ThafsexactlywhatI

was.Thatreallygotmybloodboiling.

ThedepressionbuiltupinsidemeasIwatchedthemenjoytheirtimewithOne-Eyed,excludingmefromthe

joyousmoments.IknewIwascapableoftakingcareofmyselfandformingmyownconnectionwithournew

lovelyfriend.Determinationfilledmyheart,fuelinganewfoundsenseofindependence.

注意：

1.续写词数应150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

IwastoprovetoeveryoneIcouldpetandplaywithOne-Eyed.

Seeingthis,mybrotherandsistercouldn'tbelievetheireyes.

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

【答案】1.D2,B3,A

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了芝加哥大学人文学科的艺术硕士课程（MAPH）的一些信息。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"TheMasterofArtsProgramintheHumanities（MAPH）attheUniversityofChicago

isdesignedtoallowyouthefreedomtoeitherfocusononeacademicdisciplineorexploreinterdisciplinaryinterests

thatmaynotfitwellwithinatraditionalMAprogram.（芝加哥大学的人文艺术硕士课程（MAPH）旨在让你自由地

专注于一门学科，或者探索传统硕士课程中可能不太适合的跨学科兴趣）”可知，MAPH课程的亮点是，它

具有一定的学习灵活性。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章TheValueofThisMAProgram中关键句"Master'sdegrees,obtainedafterfinishingMA

programs,havebecomeincreasinglycommonforadmissiontoPhDprogramsanditisnotunusualforanMAdegree

toserveasarequirementforentryintomanyprofessionalfields.（完成硕士课程后获得的硕士学位在攻读博士课

程中变得越来越普遍，硕士学位作为进入许多专业领域的要求并不罕见）”可知，获得MAPH的潜在用处是

可以用来申请博士课程。故选B。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章AcademicSupport中关键句"AllMAPHstudentstakearequiredfallquartercoursetaught

bytheMAPHDirector.（所有MAPH学生都参加由MAPH院长教授的必修秋季课程）”可知,对于所有的MAPH

学生来说，他们会接受由MAPH院长教授的课程。故选A。

B

【答案】4.D5,A6.D7,B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望。

【4题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Untilabout2035,themainfunctionofeducationsystemswastosupplytheeconomy

withthenextgenerationofworkers.In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallits

members.（直到2035年左右，教育系统的主要功能是为经济提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社

会及其所有成员的福祉。）”可知，第一段主要告诉我们未来教育的目标是完全不同的。故选D。

[5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段"SchoolshavebeenreplacedwithaLearningHubs"thatarenotrestrictedtocertain

ages.（学校已经被不受年龄限制的“学习中心”所取代。）”可知，Shemsy去的学习中心接受所有年龄的学

生。故选A。

【6题详解】

词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“BeingHumanandtheHistoryofHumanity（做人和人类历史）”可知，做人和人

类历史应该是全球儿童必修的课程，划线词mandatory的意思是“必修的"，和required意思相近，故选D。

[7题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段"In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallits

members.Tomakethisabitmoretangibleforyou,Iwouldliketogiveanexampleofwhatachild'seducation

lookslikein2080.（在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。为了让你们更明白这一点，我想举

一个2080年儿童教育的例子。）”可知，本文主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰当的标题是

B选项“AVisionforEducation（教育远景）”。故选B。

C

【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。机器人初创公司Akin的创始人Yearsley正在开发的人工智能系统将为用户

带来体贴和人性化的家庭管理服务，使“关怀”和“同理心”不再与技术无关。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段第一■句"Incontrast,theAIthatsheisdevelopingwillbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,

encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractions

likelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.（相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家

庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。），

可知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选Co

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"YearsleybegandevelopingtheAkintechnologyin2017,whensherealized.the

needtobettermanagethehomeishugelyignored.（Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好

地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。）"，第二句"Besides,sherealizedthatwomenunequallybeartheburdenof

householdwork.（此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的。）“可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素

之一就是家庭主妇和照顾者的沉重负担。故选B。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段第二句"CurrenthomedevicesmadebyGoogleorAmazonorAppleusepredictiveAl

totrackpatterns,strengthenbehaviorsandmanipulatebuyingdecisions,someofwhich,sheassumes,are

questionableorjustunhealthy.（目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、

强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的。）”和第三段的“Incontrast,the

Althatsheisdevelopingwillbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinga

nightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.

（相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱

加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。）”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑周到的

且新颖的。故选C。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"Akinhasreceivedsomeearlyseedfromahandfulofinvestors,and

wasrecentlyselectedasafinalistfortechgiantLGNova'sMissionfortheFutureprogram,anannualchallengethat

seekstoidentifybusinesseshavingpotentialtoimprovelifeandleadsocietyintothefuture.（Akin已经从一些投

资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LGNova的“未来使命’项目的决赛名单，该

项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业。）”并结合全文可知，本文的

目的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。

D

【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。这篇文章探讨了Molyneux问题，即一个天生失明但通过触摸学会区分物体的人在

恢复视力后是否能够通过视觉来识别物体。

【12题详解】

2田节理解题。/艮据第——段“Thequestion,knownasMolyneux'sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhas

abuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestored

vision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthrough

sight,touchandothersenses.（这个问题被称为Molyneux的问题，是关于人类大脑是否有一种内在的形状概

念，这种概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢复视力的情况下立即认出物体。另外，形状的概念不是天生的，

而是必须通过视觉、触觉和其他感官探索物体来学习的）”可知，Molyneux问题的内容是人类的形状观念是

天生的还是后天习得的。故选B项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMary

UniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totestwhetherbumblebeescan

formaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedtheinsectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugar

reward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedinthelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretested

inthedark,wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspentmoretimein

contactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouch

ratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.（在他们试图在失明儿童身上进行测试失败后,伦敦玛丽女王大学的

LarsChittka和他的团队在大黄蜂身上进行了另一项实验。为了测试大黄蜂是否能形成对物体的内部表征，

他们首先用糖奖励来训练大黄蜂区分球形和立方体。蜜蜂首先在光线下训练，在那里它们可以看到但不能

触摸物体。然后他们在黑暗中进行测试，在那里他们可以触摸但看不到物品。研究人员发现，这些昆虫花了

更多的时间来接触它们被训练成与糖奖励相关联的形状，尽管它们必须依靠触觉而不是视觉来区分物体）”

可知，LorsChittka和他的同事是通过控制实验来研究Molyneux问题。故选B项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后——段uHowever,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,a

philosopherofscience,cautionsth