DB43-T 2301-2022山樱花优树选择技术规程

ICS65.020

CCSB61

43

湖南省地方标准

DB43/T2301—2022

山樱花优树选择技术规程

CodeofpracticeforplustreeselectionofCerasusserrulata

2022-03-02发布2022-05-02实施

湖南省市场监督管理局发布

DB43/T2301—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4优树选择指标·········································································································1

5选优程序···············································································································2

6繁殖方法···············································································································2

7无性系测定············································································································2

8技术档案···············································································································3

附录A（规范性）山樱花优树选择调查表·······································································4

附录B（规范性）山樱花花器官性状综合评价得分表························································5

附录C（规范性）山樱花无性系特性测定调查表······························································6

I

DB43/T2301—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利，本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由湖南省林业局提出。

本文件由湖南省林业标准化技术委员会归口。

本文件起草单位：湖南省植物园、郴州市林业科学研究所、桂阳金森林苗木有限公司、龙山县林学

会、中南林业科技大学。

本文件主要起草人：柏文富、禹霖、李建挥、吴思政、聂东伶、严佳文、熊颖、李柏海、何才生、

潘奕成、向祖恒、梁文斌。

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DB43/T2301—2022

山樱花优树选择技术规程

1范围

本文件规定了山樱花优树的选择指标、选优程序、繁殖方法、无性系测定等技术要求与技术档案要

求。

本文件适用于山樱花优树选择。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本

文件。

GB6000主要造林树种苗木质量分级

GB/T6001育苗技术规程

GB/T14073主要造林阔叶树良种选育程序与要求

GB/T15776造林技术规程

LY/T2289林木种苗生产经营档案

LY/T2290林木种苗标签

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

山樱花Cerasusserrulata

蔷薇科（Rosaceae）樱属（Cerasus）植物，落叶小乔木，花瓣白色至粉红色，花叶同放。核果球

形，成熟时黑色，具有较高观赏价值的植物。

3.2

花梗总长Pedunclelength

山樱花盛开时，花柄长度与总梗长度之和。

4优树选择指标

4.1植株生长情况

选择胸径8cm以上，树高4m以上，树形半开张，生长良好。

4.2花的质量

盛花期花色艳丽、花梗总长≥2.8cm、花径≥2.7cm、花瓣长宽比≤1.5、嫩叶展叶速度慢。

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DB43/T2301—2022

4.3花量

花量≥200朵/50cm长度花枝。

4.4抗逆性

蚧壳虫、尺蠖、刺蛾类等有害生物危害，叶片受害率少于20％，无流胶病、根癌病、根颈腐烂病

发生。

5选优程序

5.1初选

按照GB/T14073的规定在山樱花分布较集中的区域，按照附录A对候选优树单株进行实地调查，按照

4优树选择指标确定初选优树，初选优树入选率不超过种群数量的20％，若出现优树群，可放宽到30％。

5.2复选

在初选优树的基础上，按照4优树选择指标，连续测定3年花量、花径、花梗总长、花瓣长、花瓣

宽，每个指标测定30个，各指标达到或超过平均值的要求。

5.3决选

对复选优树的花器官进行测定，按照附录B山樱花优树花器官性状综合评价得分表，采用综合评价

法进行评价，得分70分以上的确定为决选优树。

6繁殖方法

6.1嫁接繁殖

在9月中下旬～10月下旬，采集决选优树上的穗条，用野生樱桃实生苗作砧木，采用腹接法进行

嫁接，苗木繁殖按照GB/T6001的规定执行，苗木质量应符合GB6000的规定。

6.2扦插繁殖

在5月中下旬采集决选优树上的半木质化枝条，以黄心土作基质，用1000mg/L的IBA处理15s,

凉干后进行扦插，扦插密度100个插条/1m2，苗木质量应符合GB6000的规定。

7无性系测定

7.1试验林测定

采用随机区组试验设计，用2年生苗，按300cm×300cm的株行距营造林，四周设立2行保护行，

造林技术按造林技术规程GB/T15776的规定执行。后代特异性特征与母本表现一致、特征稳定不变,

进入盛花期后，按照附录C进行无性系特性测定，连续测定3年。

7.2优树评价

对试验林参试优树符合三性，观赏性性状达到优树选择指标，采用综合评价法进行评价，分值最高

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DB43/T2301—2022

的优树确定为优良无性系。

8技术档案

建立优树和测定林档案，按照优树编号进行定位，保存优树登记表、调查数据和拍摄的优树照片等

调查资料。档案管理实行专人负责，做到准确及时填写归档，长期保存。执行LY/T2289、LY/T2290

要求，建立档案。

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DB43/T2301—2022

附录A

（规范性）

山樱花优树选择调查表

基本信息

种质名称（地名+种名）：编号：

所在地点：海拔：

经度：纬度：

土壤类型：土壤质地：土壤颜色：土层厚度：

地形：坡向：坡度：坡位：

人为干扰情况：伴生种：

树体信息

照片拍摄：1群落外貌2生境3全株4树干5分枝6枝叶7叶上面8叶下面9花序10花冠11花朵背面

树龄（年）：胸径（cm）：花量（朵）：

树高（cm）冠幅（cm）

树姿[]1：直立2：半开张3：开张

树冠形状[]1：圆球形2：半球形3：圆锥形

树势（cm）[]1：弱（＜20）2：中（20~60）3：强（＞60）

花器官性状

花柄长度（cm）：

总梗长度（cm）：

花径（cm）：

花瓣宽（cm）：

花瓣长（cm）：

有害生物危害情况[]1：无2：轻3：较轻4：重

备注

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DB43/T2301—2022

附录B

（规范性）

山樱花花器官性状综合评价得分表

序号花量分值花冠径分值花梗长分值花瓣长宽比分值综合得分

注：若某一指标与山樱花观赏性之间呈正相关，隶属函数值的计算公式为：U(Xi）＝(Xi-Xmin)/(Xmax

－Xmin)；若某一指标与山樱花的观赏性之间呈负相关，其计算公式为：U(Xi）＝1-(Xi-Xmin)/(Xmax

－Xmin)。其中U(Xi）代表指标的隶属函数值，Xi表示指标的测定值；Xmin表示所该指标的

最小值，Xmax表示所该指标的最大值。综合得分=U花量×50％+U花冠径×35％+U花梗长×

10％+U花瓣长宽比×5％

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DB43/T2301—2022

附录C

（规范性）

山樱花无性系特性测定调查表

无性系编号：

序号树高/cm胸径/cm冠幅/cm总梗长/cm花柄长/cm花径/cm花量/朵备注

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DB43/T2301—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4优树选择指标·········································································································1

5选优程序···············································································································2

6繁殖方法···············································································································2

7无性系测定············································································································2

8技术档案···············································································································3

附录A（规范性）山樱花优树选择调查表·······································································4

附录B（规范性）山樱花花器官性状综合评价得分表························································5

附录C（规范性）山樱花无性系特性测定调查表······························································6

I

DB43/T2301—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利，本文件的发布机构不承担识别专