江苏省常州市2025届高三英语上学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGE34-江苏省常州市2025届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）第一卷（选择题，共85分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Buyanewear.B.Driveinthecity.C.Washthewhitepaint.2.Whyisn'tthemangoingtothesale?A.Hemustgotowork.B.Theweatherinnotcold.C.Itendstoday,3.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Pickingfruit.B.Eatingcandy.CShopping,4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Cousins.B.Beatfriends.C.Brotherandsister.5.Whendidthemanstartlosinghishair?A.Aboutthreeyearsago.B.Aboutsevenyearsago.C.Abouttenyearsago.其次节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewoman'sjobprobably?A.Acoach.B.Anurse.C.Adoctor.7.Whycan'tthewomangivethemanmedicineatthemoment?A.Thetestdataisnotthere,B.TheX-raymachineisbroken,C.Thephysicalcareprovideriscoming,听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthewomantryingtobecome?A.Ateacher.B.Anactress.C.Afilmmaker.9.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogetlessons?A.Shealreadyhastalent.B.Shehasaninterview.C.Sheisoverconfident.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl'sfather?A.HelivesinBelize.B.Hehashisownairplane.C.Heworksinacompanynearthebeach.11.Whydoesthemanbringthegirltothewoodsprobably?A.Hewantshertoenjoynature.B.Helikestoliveinacheapplace.C.Hewisheshertospendsometimewithhisfriends.12.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Seesomestars.B.DrinkStarbuckshotchocolate.C.Takesomepicturesofsnakes.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anorganization.B.Akindofdisease.C.Atime-ravelingdoctor.14.WhatisthefunctionofWHOaccordingtothewoman?A.Curingthesickpeople.B.Makingthehospitalswork.C.Settingrulestohandlewithdiseases.15.Whatisspecialaboutthedisease?A.Itcan'tbeprevented.B.Itaffectsoldpeopleandkidseasily.C.Itjustgivesbodyachesandafever.16.Whatwillthemandoinsteadofgoingtothemal!?A.Gotothehospital.B.Makepresentshimself.C.Staysafeinsidewithhispet.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatmightthespeakerbe?A.Aresident.B.Anewsreporter.C.Afirefighter.18.Wheredidthefirestart?A.Fromabakery.B.Fromapark.C.Fromanapartmentbuilding.19.Whendidthefirehappen?A.Earlylastnight.B.Latelastnight.C.Anhourago.20.Howdoesthespeakersound?A.Surprised.B.Excited.C.Sad.其次部分英语学问运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请仔细阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Goodmorning,andincaseI_____you,goodafternoon,goodevening,andgoodnight!A.won'tsee B.wouldn'tsee C.don'tsee D.didn'tsee【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：早上好，假如再也见不到你，就再祝你下午好、晚上好、晚安。分析句子可知，本句为incase引导的条件状语从句，从句为一般现在时。故选C项。2.Theresponsibilityofanartististocreateartworksto_____people'sneedsforaesthesisandenjoyment.A.resultin B.servefor C.workat D.caterto【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一个艺术家的责任是去创建艺术作品以迎合人们的审美和享受的须要。A.resultin导致；B.servefor为服务；C.workat从事于；D.caterto设法迎合(的须要)。创建艺术作品的目的是为了迎合人们的审美和享受的须要。所以caterto“设法迎合(的须要)”符合句意。故选D项。3.He_____hisstayinFrance,didn'the?Helooksamazinglydifferent.Awillhaveenjoyed B.shouldhaveenjoyedC.canhaveenjoyed D.musthaveenjoyed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：他在法国确定过得很开心，是吗?他看起来很不一样。musthavedone确定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推想。由“Helooksamazinglydifferent.”可知，他在法国确定过得很开心。所以这是对过去事情的较有把握的推想。故选D项。4.What'snew?Theupcoming40-daySpringFestivaltravel____,alsoknownaschunyun,will___onJan10andendonFeb18.A.dash;kickout B.rush;kickoff C.flow;kickin D.jam;kickup【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析和动词短语词义辨析。句意：有什么新消息？即将到来的40天的春运高峰期，又称春运，将于1月10日拉开序幕，2月18日结束。A.dash破折号;kickout撵走；B.rush高峰期；kickoff开始；C.flow流动;kickin药物开始起作用；D.jam拥挤;kickup出故障。由“Theupcoming40-daySpringFestival”可知，第一个空在说春运高峰期。由“endonFeb18”可知，其次个空在说春运的起先时间。end与kickoff“起先”相对应。故选B项。5._____Macaohasachievedshows_____"onecountry,twosystems"principleisthebestsolutiontotheMacaoandHongkongquestion,leftbyhistory.A.That;what B.What;that C.What;what D.That;that【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和宾语从句。句意：澳门取得的成就表明，“一国两制”原则是解决历史遗留下来的澳门和香港问题的最好方法。分析句子可知，_____Macaohasachieved为主语从句，从句中achieve缺少宾语，所以第一个空用what来充当宾语。再分析句子可知，shows后接宾语从句，从句句意和结构完成，所以其次个空应填连接词that。故选B项。【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中确定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.二是它在相应的名词性从句中确定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语,表语或者定语。that用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，that在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不行省略（宾语从句除外）。若从句置于句子后面，代词it作形式主语。分析句子可知，_____Macaohasachieved为主语从句，从句中achieve缺少宾语，所以第一个空用what来充当宾语。再分析句子可知，shows后接宾语从句，从句句意和结构完成，所以其次个空应填连接词that。故选B项。6.ApplicantsarenotrequiredtotakeIELTSorTOEFLtestbutitwillbeappreciatedifsomeonehastaken_____.A.none B.either C.neither D.all【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：申请人不要求必需参与雅思或托福考试，但假如有申请人参与其中之一，将受到重视。A.none没有一个；B.either（两者之中）任何一个；C.neither两者都不；D.all全部。由“IELTSorTOEFL”可知，（两者之中）任何一个用either。故选B项。7.Whathappenedtoher?Shewas_____tohospitalwithasoaringtemperature.A.adapted B.adjusted C.admitted D.adopted【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她怎么了?她因高烧而住院。A.adapted适应；B.adjusted调整；C.admitted准许……进入；D.adopted接受。sbbeadmittedtosth“某人被准许进入某处”。故选C项。8.Hi,it'stimeweworkedoutaplanfortheresearchproject.Sorry,I'mnotavailablerightnow.I_____fortheupcomingfinalexam.A.ampreparing B.prepared C.haveprepared D.willbepreparing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：嗨，我们该为这个探讨项目制定支配了。对不起，我现在没空。我正在为即将到来的期末考试做准备。由“Sorry,I'mnotavailablerightnow.”可知，我现在没空，正在为即将到来的期末考试做准备。所以本句为现在进行时。故选A项。9.Mary,whatdoyouthinkofthesoupIcookedespeciallyforyou?______,butittastestoooily.A.Myfault B.Forgetit C.Excuseme D.Nooffence【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：玛丽，你觉得我特殊为你做的汤怎么样?没有冒犯您的意思，但它的味道太油腻了。A.Myfault我的错；B.Forgetit没关系；C.Excuseme打搅了；D.Nooffence没有冒犯您的意思。Nooffence“没有冒犯你的意思”符合语境。故选D项。10.Whatareyougoingtodowiththeflawinthevase?Icaneithersendanewonetoyoubyexpressmailor_____compensateyouatareasonableprice.A.artificially B.accordingly C.alternatively D.consistently【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你准备怎么处理花瓶上的瑕疵？我可以用特快专递寄一个新的花瓶给你，也可以以合理的价格赔偿你。A.artificially人工地；B.accordingly因此，相应地；C.alternatively或者，要不然；D.consistently一贯地。alternatively“或者，要不然”符合句意。故选C项。11.Theteachertogetherwithhisassistants_____tencellsamplesduringthepasttwomonthsintheschoollab.A.analyze B.analyzes C.hasanalyzed D.haveanalyzed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一样。句意：老师和他的助手们，在过去两个月里在学校试验室分析了十个细胞样本。由“duringthepasttwomonths”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为Theteachertogetherwithhisassistants，当togetherwith连接句子时，谓语单复数与togetherwith之前的词的单复数保持一样既与Theteacher保持一样。故选C项。12.Withcomputersreplacinghumansinmanyindustriestherehavebeenmanyreportsinrecentyears_____warnoffuturejoblosses.A.when B.where C.which D.as【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查关系代词。句意：随着电脑在很多行业取代人类，近年来有很多报告警告将来可能会出现失业现象。分析句子可知，manyreports为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为which。故选C项。【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是缘由(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担当什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when,where,why。(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，manyreports为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为which。故选C项。13.China’syear-on-yeargrowthinconsumerpriceindex________analmosteight-yearhighat4.5percentinNovember________higherpricesofporkandothermeatsaidtheNationalBureauofStatisticsonTuesday.A.hit;butfor B.beat;dueto C.beat;butfor D.hit;dueto【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析和介词短语辨析。句意：国家统计局周二表示，由于猪肉和其他肉类价格上涨，11月份中国消费者价格指数(CPI)同比上涨4.5%，创下近8年新高。A.hit达到；butfor要不是；B.beat毒打，战胜；dueto由于；C.beat毒打，战胜;butfor要不是；D.hit达到；dueto由于。由“analmosteight-yearhighat4.5percent”可知，hit“达到”符合句意。而其次个空在说明11月份中国消费者价格指数(CPI)同比上涨4.5%，创下近8年新高的缘由，所以其次个空选dueto。故选D项。14.IwatchedMike'sadolescence,_____heranintotrouble,_____thingsatthewrongtimeandmisunderstoodbymanypeople.A.when;saying B.which;said C.when;said D.which;saying【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和现在分词。句意：我目睹了迈克的青春期，那段期间他遇到了麻烦，说错话，被很多人误会。分析句子可知，adolescence为先行词在后面的非限制性定语从句中作时间状语从句，所以第一个空应选关系副词为when。再分析句子可知，he与say在逻辑上是主动关系，所以其次个空选现在分词saying。故选A项。15.DoyouknowanythingaboutWarofSevenKingdoms,theChineseGameofThrones?Sure.Althougheachevent_____awell-knownactorplayingthekeyroles,ithasallitsplotswell_____onestablishedhistoricalrecordsandarchaeologicalfindings.A.features;grounded B.characteristics;witnessedC.stars;depended D.displays;commented【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道中国的《权力的嬉戏》——《七国斗争》吗?当然。虽然每一个事务都有一个闻名的演员扮演关键角色，但它的全部情节都建立在既定的历史记录和考古发觉的基础上。A.features由……主演;grounded使基于；B.characteristics以..为特征;witnessed目睹；C.stars由……做主演;depended依靠；D.displays;commented作出评论。由“awell-knownactor”可知，每一个事务都有一个闻名的演员主演，所以第一个空应选择features。begroundedon“以为基础”为固定短，在本句中为过去分词作后置定语。且符合句意。所以其次个空选grounded。故选A项。其次节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请仔细阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ProjectArtisanartsprogramprovidingfreeartsclassestochildrenatpubliclibrariesinmajorUScities.___16___totheartsencourageschildren'sself-worth,helpsthemcommunicateandimprovestheir____17____inacademicareas.Yet,sincethe1980s,accesstoartseducationforAmericanschoolchildrenhasbeenonthe____18____ButwheretheAmericanpublicschoolsystemis___19___children,non-profitsare___20___tofilltheemptiness,andoneorganizationinparticularhas_____21_____planstobecomethelargestfreeartschoolforchildreninthecountry.ProjectArt,foundedbyAdarshAlphonsinHarlemin2011,is___22___toNewOrleansandSanFrancisco,twocitieswithmanyhomelessyoungpeopleandgivingtheorganisationa(n)___23___inatotalofeightcitiesacrosstheUS.Itsexecutivedirector,DianaBuckleyMuchmore___24___withProjectArtinitsearlydays,andoneexperienceimpressedonherthe___25___thatartcanmakeonachild'sdevelopment.___26___herfriendAlphonsinteachinginaHarlemcommunitycenter,BuckleyMuchmoremetaboy."Hewasveryquiet,butI___27___withhimthroughasculpturehewasmaking___28___wood,andheslowlystartedto___29___todescribehiswork,"sheremembers.Sincethen,BuckleyMuchmorehaswatchedasProjectArthasembracedamodelof___30___withthecountry'spubliclibrarysystems.Thelibrariesgivethem___31___space,accesstoexistingcommunitiesandmaterialsto___32___thechildren'screations.Inthemeantime,theorganizationisworkingtoservetheparticularneedsandtake___33___oftheresourcesofitsnewestcities.InSanFrancisco,BuckleyMuchmorehasaneyeonbigcompanieslikeAirtbnbandAdobe,whichshehopesto___34___forfunding.Theorganizationalsoreceives___35___fromfoundationsandindividuals.“Intermsoflesspopulatedcommunities,we'llgettheretoo,"saysBuckleyMuchmore."Eventually,we'llbeinallthecitiesthathavelibraries."16.A.Exposure B.Entrance C.Invitation D.Addiction17.A.popularity B.expectation C.performance D.identity18.A.decline B.account C.way D.rise19.A.satisfying B.transforming C.supporting D.failing20.A.lettingof B.steppingin C.takingup D.fallingout21.A.great B.strange C.difficult D.secret22.A.moving B.allocating C.returning D.expanding23.A.evidence B.guidance C.presence D.reference24.A.separated B.volunteered C.toyed D.conflicted25.A.impact B.remark C.barrier D.progress26.A.Appealing B.Including C.Joining D.Watching27.A.dealt B.connected C.played D.compared28.A.inbetween B.upto C.outof D.awayfrom29.A.holdout B.standup C.figureout D.openup30.A.partnering B.struggling C.exchanging D.consulting31.A.parking B.green C.living D.free32.A.respect B.inspire C.reward D.challenge33.A.charge B.advantage C.notice D.control34.A.arrange B.prepare C.trade D.approach35.A.invitations B.appreciations C.donations D.congratulations【答案】16.A17.C18.A19.D20.B21.A22.D23.C24.B25.A26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D32.B33.B34.D35.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。ProjectArt——它是一个艺术项目，为美国主要城市公共图书馆的儿童供应免费艺术课程。短文介绍了它的发展状况、合作的方式、资金的由来、以及发展支配。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：接触艺术可以激励孩子的自我价值，帮助他们沟通，提高他们在学术领域的表现。A.Exposure接触；B.Entrance入口；C.Invitation邀请；D.Addiction入迷。由下文“encourageschildren'sself-worth,helpsthemcommunicate”可知，激励孩子的自我价值，帮助他们沟通，这都是要接触艺术才能带来的好处。故选A项。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：接触艺术可以激励孩子的自我价值，帮助他们沟通，提高他们在学术领域的表现。A.popularity受欢迎；B.expectation期望；C.performance表现；D.identity身份。由“inacademicareas.”可知，本句在说接触艺术所带来的好处之一是提高他们在学术领域的表现。故选C项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，自20世纪80年头以来，美国学龄儿童接受艺术教化的机会始终在下降。A.decline下降；B.account账户；C.way方式；D.rise上升。由“Yet”可知，前后语意表示转折关系，20世纪80年头以来，美国学龄儿童接受艺术教化的机会始终在下降。故选A项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当美国的公立学校系统让孩子们悲观的时候，非营利组织正在填补这个空白，特殊是有一个组织有宏大的支配，要成为全国最大的免费艺术学校。A.satisfying使满足；B.transforming变形；C.supporting支持；D.failing使悲观。由上文可知，20世纪80年头以来，美国学龄儿童接受艺术教化的机会始终在下降，所以公立学校系统让孩子们悲观。故选D项。【20题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，当美国的公立学校系统让孩子们悲观的时候，非营利组织正在介入填补这个空白，特殊是有一个组织有宏大的支配，要成为全国最大的免费艺术学校。A.lettingof放开；B.steppingin迈进；C.takingup占据；D.fallingout闹纠纷。由“filltheemptiness”可知，非营利组织正在介入填补这个空白。故选B项。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，当美国的公立学校系统让孩子们悲观的时候，非营利组织正在介入填补这个空白，特殊是有一个组织有宏大的支配，要成为全国最大的免费艺术学校。A.great宏大的；B.strange惊奇的；C.difficult困难的；D.secret隐私的。由下文“becomethelargestfreeartschoolforchildreninthecountry”可知，这个组织要成为全国最大的免费艺术学校，所以这是宏大的支配。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2011年，阿达沙方斯在哈莱姆成立了项目艺术(ProjectArt)，该项目正扩展到新奥尔良和旧金山，因为这两个城市有很多无家可归的年轻人。这个组织在美国总共八个城市都有存在。A.moving移动；B.allocating安排；C.returning返回；D.expanding扩大。由“NewOrleansandSanFrancisco”可知，这是两个地点。所以说该项目正扩展到新奥尔良和旧金山。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2011年，阿达沙方斯在哈莱姆成立了项目艺术(ProjectArt)，该项目正扩展到新奥尔良和旧金山，这两个城市有很多无家可归的年轻人。这个组织在美国总共八个城市都有存在。A.evidence证据；B.guidance知道；C.presence存在；D.reference参考。由前文提到该项目正扩展到新奥尔良和旧金山，再由“atotalofeightcities”可知，该组织在美国总共八个城市都有存在。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：项目执行主任戴安娜巴克利莫尔(DianaBuckleyMuchmore)在项目早期自愿加入了projecttart，有一次经验让她深刻体会到艺术对儿童发展的影响。A.separated分别；B.volunteered志愿；C.toyed玩弄；D.conflicted冲突。由前文可知，ProjectArt的宗旨是为美国主要城市公共图书馆的儿童供应免费艺术课程，所以戴安娜巴克利莫尔在项目早期是自愿加入了projecttart的。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：项目执行主任戴安·巴克利·穆赫莫尔(DianaBuckleyMuchmore)在项目早期自愿加入了projecttart，有一次经验让她深刻体会到艺术对儿童发展的影响。A.impact影响；B.remark评论；C.barrier边界；D.progress进步。have/makeanimpactonsb“对某人有影响”为固定短语。这里指一次经验让她深刻体会到艺术对儿童发展的影响。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴克利·穆赫莫尔和她的挚友阿尔方斯（Alphons）一起在哈莱姆社区中心教书，遇到了一个男孩。A.Appealing呼吁；B.Including包括；C.Joining与（某人）一起（做某事）；D.Watching看。由“herfriendAlphonsinteachinginaHarlemcommunitycenter”可知，此处短语为joinsbinsth“和某人一起做某事”，本句表示巴克利·穆奇莫尔和她的挚友阿尔方斯（Alphons）一起在哈莱姆社区中心教书。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很宁静，但我通过他用木头做的雕塑与他建立了友情，他渐渐起先敞快乐扉，描述他的作品，她回忆道。A.dealt贩卖B.connected建立友谊；C.played玩D.compared对比。由下文“heslowlystartedtoopenuptodescribehiswork”可知，小男孩渐渐起先敞快乐扉，描述他的作品，所以确定是建立友情在前，小男孩才渐渐起先敞快乐扉。故选B项。【28题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他很宁静，但我通过他用木头做的雕塑与他建立了友情，他渐渐起先敞快乐扉，描述他的作品，她回忆道。A.inbetween在之间；B.upto达到；C.outof用…（材料）；D.awayfrom远离。由“asculpture”可知，本句在说明雕塑是由什么材料做的。makeoutof“用某物制造出”符合句意。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他很宁静，但我通过他用木头做的雕塑与他建立了友情，他渐渐起先敞快乐扉，描述他的作品，她回忆道。A.holdout伸出；B.standup站起来；C.figureout计算出；D.openup打开。友情的建立以及小男孩对艺术的酷爱使得小男孩敞快乐扉。故选D项。30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，巴克利·穆赫莫尔始终关注着ProjectArt并接受了与国家公共图书馆系统合作的模式。A.partnering与……成为伙伴；B.struggling挣扎；C.exchanging交换；D.consulting询问。由下文“Thelibrariesgivethem___16___space,accesstoexistingcommunitiesandmaterials”可知，ProjectArt项目接受了与国家公共图书馆系统合作的模式。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：图书馆为他们供应免费的空间，允许他们进入现有的社区，充分利用素材，以此激发孩子们的创作灵感。A.parking停车的；B.green绿色的；C.living活着的；D.free免费的。国家公共图书是非盈利机构且与ProjectArt项目为合作关系，所以国家公共图书馆供应了免费的空间。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：图书馆为他们供应免费的空间，允许他们进入现有的社区，充分利用素材，以此激发孩子们的创建灵感。A.respect敬重；B.inspire激励；C.reward奖励；D.challenge挑战。ProjectArt项目是为儿童供应免费艺术课程，在加上图书馆为他们供应免费的空间，允许他们进入现有的社区，充分利用素材，就是为了激发孩子们的创作灵感。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，该组织正在努力满足特殊需求，并利用其最新城市的资源。A.charge收费；B.advantage优势；C.notice留意；D.control限制。由“theresourcesofitsnewestcities”可知，该组织正在努力满足特殊需求，并利用其最新城市的资源。所以takeadvantageof“利用”符合句意。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在旧金山，巴克利·穆赫莫尔着眼于像Airtbnb和Adobe这样的大公司，她希望接近这些公司来寻求资金的资助。A.arrange支配；B.prepare准备；C.trade做买卖；D.approach接近。由“BuckleyMuchmorehasaneyeonbigcompanieslikeAirtbnbandAdobe”可知，巴克利·穆赫莫尔着眼于像Airtbnb和Adobe这样的大公司，希望接近这些公司来寻求资金的资助。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织还接受基金会和个人的捐赠。A.invitations邀请；B.appreciations感谢；C.donations捐赠；D.congratulations庆贺。ProjectArt为美国主要城市公共图书馆的儿童供应免费艺术课程，且在找寻资金救济，所以也接受个人的捐赠。故选C项。第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请仔细阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AItcanbetoughtopullkidsawayfromtheircomputersandmobiledevicesthesedays.Whilethey'replayinggames,wouldn'titbegreatiftheycouldbelearningatthesametime?Goodeducationalappsofferfunchallengesthatteachspecificgrade-levelskills.Hereare4thatcombinefunandlearning.UnderstandingMathAdditionandSubtraction($3.99;iOS)UnderstandingMathAdditionandSubtractiongoesbeyondbasiccomprehensiontoinstilladeeperunderstandingofthewhysandhowsofmath.Theapptracksyourchild'sprogresstodeterminestrengthsandweaknessesindifferentskillareas,andyoucancustomizeyourchild'slearningexperiencetosuittheneeds.WordCreativityKit($52.99;iOS)WordCreativityKitaimstomakecreativewritingfunwhilealsobuildupgrammarrules.Theapppresentsaseriesofwordsfromsevencategories,suchasspaceorfantasy.Kidsaddtheirownwordstofinishthecompletethoughtsthatthesewordshaveinspired.BarefootWorldAtlas($4.99;iOS)BarefootWorldAtlashelpskidslearnaboutgeographyandworldcultureswithatouchofthescreen.Eachregionfeaturesasetofsubtopics,fromwildlifeandnaturalfeaturestonativepeople,landmarks,andarchitecture.Thesefactsandillustrationsaredeliveredinphotographs,sounds,andhundredsofminivideos.MyGrades&Homework(S0.99;iOS)Acombinationofgradesandhomeworktracker,MyGrades&Homeworkcanhelpyourchildstayorganizedandontopoftheprogressinschool.Aconvenientcalendarandcourselistformatofferaglanceatyourchild'sassignmentschedulethathe/shemightnotnormallygetfromstandardhomeworkplanners.36.Whatisthecommonpartofthefourapps?A.Theycanencouragechildrentostudyharder.B.Theycamhelpparentsknowtheirchildren'sprogress.C.Theycanmakestudyfunbyminivideos.D.TheycanbeinstalledintoiOSoperationsystems37.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toencourageparentstoallowtheirstudentstoplayapps.B.Towishreaderstobringinmoresimilarappsforchildren.C.Tointroduce4educationalappsforreaderstobuyanduse.D.Todesigntheeducationalappstocombinefunandlearning.【答案】36.D37.C【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了四款集乐趣和学习一体的教化应用程序。【36题详解】细微环节理解题。由“UnderstandingMathAdditionandSubtraction($3.99;iOS)WordCreativityKit($52.99;iOS)BarefootWorldAtlas($4.99;iOS)MyGrades&Homework(S0.99;iOS)”可知，这四个应用程序的共同部分是它们都可以安装到iOS操作系统中。故选D项。【37题详解】推理推断题。由“UnderstandingMathAdditionandSubtraction($3.99;iOS)WordCreativityKit($52.99;iOS)BarefootWorldAtlas($4.99;iOS)MyGrades&Homework(S0.99;iOS)”可知，短文介绍了几个集乐趣和学习一体教化应用程序共运用而且每个教化应用程序后都标明白价格，所以推断出这篇课文的目的是介绍4款教化应用程序，供读者购买和运用。故选C项。BScientistshavediscovereda"monsterblackhole"somassivethat,intheory,itshouldn'texistIt’sastellarblackholethetypethatformsafterstarsdie,collapse,andexplode.Researchershadpreviouslybelievedthatthesizelimitwasnomorethan20timesthemassofoursunbecause8Sthesestarsdie,theylosemostoftheirmassthroughexplosionsthatexpelmatterandgassweptawaybystellarwindsThistheoryhasnowbeentoppledbyLB-1,thenewlydiscoveredblackhole.Locatedabout15.000lightyearsaway,ithasamass70timesgreaterthanoursun,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheChineseAcademyofSciences.ThefindingswerepublishedbyChineseresearchersinthejournalNatureonWednesday."Blackbolesofsuchmassshouldnotevenexistinourgalaxy,accordingtomostofthecurrentmodelsofstellarevolution,"saidLiuJifeng,headoftheteamthatmadethediscovery."LB-1istwiceasmassiveaswhatwethoughtpossible.Nowtheoristswillhavetotakeupthechallengeofexplainingitsformation."ScientistsarenowscratchingtheirheadsathowLB-1gotsohuge.TheChineseteamhasproposedanumberoftheories.LB-1'sheersizesuggeststhatit“wasnotformedfromthecollapseofonlyonestar,"thestudysaidinstead,itcouldpotentiallybetwosmallerblackholesorbitingeachother.Anotherpossibilityisthatitformedfrom“fallbacksupermova.”Thisiswhenasupernomathelaststageofanexplodingstarejectsmaterialduringtheexplosion,whichthenfallsbackintothesupernova,creatingablackhole.Thisfallbackformationistheoreticallypossible,butscientistshaveneverbeenabletoproveorobserveit.IfthisishowLB-1formed,thenwemayhave"directevidenceforthisprocess”forthefirsttime,thestudysaid.ThereareseveraltypesofblackholesandstellarblackholeslikeLB-1areonthesmallerside,accordingtoNASA.Supermassiveblackholesaremuchbiggertheycanbebillionsoftimesthemassofoursun,Scientistsbelievesupermassiveblackholesmaybeconnectedtotheformationofgalaxies,astheyoftenexistatthecenterofthemassstarstemsbutitisstillnotclearexactlyhow,orwhichformfirst.38.Whydoesthewriterwritethearticle?A.ToreportthegreatachievementChinesescientistshavemadeinblackholetheory,B.Toinformthereadersofthebasicknowledgeabouttheblackhole,C.Tosharewiththereadersthenewdevelopmentoftheblackholediscovery,D.Todemonstratethesignificanceofdiscoveringnewblackholesforscience.39.WhichofthefollowingaboutLB-1istruetothepassage?A.Itisthebiggestblackholeeverdiscovered,B.Itlostonlyasmallpartofitsmassthroughexplosion.C.Itcouldn'thavebeenformedfromthecollapseofonestar,D.Itsdiscoverymayleadtosomebreakthroughinthe“fallbackformationtheory".40.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.Ifthesuninourgalaxydiessomeofitsmasswillbetakenawaybystellarwinds.B.Amassivesupernovawillbeformedandthenexplodedifthesuninourgalaxydies.C."TheMilkyWay"wasformedafterasupermassiveblackholecollapsedandexploded.D.If“theMilkyWay"dies,asupermassiveblackholewillbeformedafteritsdeath.【答案】38.C39.D40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道科学家们已经发觉了一个“巨型黑洞”，其质量之大，在理论上是不应当存在。但这个理论现在已经被新中国科学家发觉的黑洞LB-1所推翻。科学家们现在正费尽心机探讨LB-1是如何变得如此巨大的，并介绍了几种可能性的理论。【38题详解】推理推断题。由第一段“Scientistshavediscovereda"monsterblackhole"somassivethat,intheory,itshouldn'texist.”可知，科学家们已经发觉了一个“巨型黑洞”，其质量之大，在理论上是不应当存在。由“ThistheoryhasnowbeentoppledbyLB-1,thenewlydiscoveredblackhole.Locatedabout15.000lightyearsaway,ithasamass70timesgreaterthanoursun,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheChineseAcademyofSciences.”可知，但这个理论现在已经被新中国科学家发觉的黑洞LB-1所推翻。依据中国科学院的一份新闻稿，它位于15000光年之外，质量是太阳的70倍。所以推断出作者写这篇文章的目的是与读者共享黑洞发觉的新进展，故选C项。【39题详解】细微环节理解题。由倒数第三段“IfthisishowLB-1formed,thenwemayhave"directevidenceforthisprocess”forthefirsttime.”可知，假如这就是LB-1的形成过程，那么我们可能首次有了“这一过程的干脆证据”。所以LB-1这一发觉可能会给“后援形成理论”带来一些突破。故选D项。【40题详解】细微环节理解题。由第一段“because8Sthesestarsdie,theylosemostoftheirmassthroughexplosionsthatexpelmatterandgassweptawaybystellarwinds.”可知，因为这些恒星会死亡，它们大部分质量因爆炸而损失，恒星风会把爆炸释放出来的物质和气体吹走。所以假如我们星系中的太阳死亡，它的一部分质量会被恒星风吹走。故选A项。【点睛】任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者须要知道如何去做或依据某种方式思索问题。推理推断题的答案不行能在文章中干脆找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中找寻并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推想出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。由第一段“Scientistshavediscovereda"monsterblackhole"somassivethat,intheory,itshouldn'texist.”可知，科学家们已经发觉了一个“巨型黑洞”，其质量之大，在理论上是不应当存在。由“ThistheoryhasnowbeentoppledbyLB-1,thenewlydiscoveredblackhole.Locatedabout15.000lightyearsaway,ithasamass70timesgreaterthanoursun,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheChineseAcademyofSciences.”可知，但这个理论现在已经被新中国科学家发觉的黑洞LB-1所推翻。依据中国科学院的一份新闻稿，它位于15000光年之外，质量是太阳的70倍。所以推断出作者写这篇文章的目的是与读者共享黑洞发觉的新进展，故选C项。CBuckdidnotknowthattherewastroubleahead,Troubleforeverydogwithstrongmusclesandwarmlonghair,fromSeattletosouthernCalifornia.SomemenhadfoundayellowmetalintheArcticdarkness,andthousandsofothermenwererushingthere.Thesemenwanteddogsthatwereheavy,withstrongmusclesforworkinghardandfurrycoatstoprotectthemfromthecold.BucklivedatabighouseinasunnyvalleyinCaliforniawhichwasownedbyJudgeMiller.Hewasneitherahousedognorakennel(狗窝)dog.ThewholeofJudgeMiller'slandwashis.Buckwaskingkingoverallthecrawling,flyingthingsofJudgeMiller'slands,humansincluded.Hisfather,Elmo,hadbeentheJudge'sinseparablecompanion.Andwhenhedied,Bucktookhisfather’splace.Hewasnotsolargeheweighedonlysixtykilogramforhismother,Shep,hadbeenaScottishsheepdog.Huntingandotheroutdooractivitieshadhardenedhismuscle,andswimminghadmadehimhealthy.ThiswasBuckintheautumnof1897,whenthediscoveryofgoldintheKlondikebroughtMenfromeverywheretothefrozennorth.ButBuckdidnotreadthenewspapers.AndhedidnotknowthatManueloneofthegardenershelper,wasnotagoodman.Manuelgambled(赌博)andwastedthelittlemoneyhehad.NoonesawhimandBuckgooffonwhatBuckthoughtwasawalk.NoonesawthemarriveattherailwaystationwhereManuelsoldBucktoamanwhowaswaitingforhim,AftertwodayshowascriedoffthetraininSeattleintoasmall,high-walledyard.Thereafatmaninaredsweaterbrokeopenthecagewithasmallaxe(斧头)，whileholdingaclub(棍棒)intheotherhand.Whentherewasabigenoughopening,Buckjumpedoutlikeared-eyeddevil,straightatthefatman.Butinmid-air,justashisteethweregoingtocloseontheman,hereceivedashockthathehadneverfeltbefore,Itturnedhimoverandontotheground.Hehadneverbeenstruckbyaclubinhislife,andhedidnotunderstand.Hewassmasheddownadozentimes.Bucksawthathestoodnochanceagainstthemanwiththeclub.Hehadlearnedthelesson,andfortherestofhislifeheneverforgotit.Itwashisintroductionintotheworldofprimitivelaw.IntheendasmallmancalledPerraultpaidthreehundreddollarsforhim,andhewasledawaywithCurly,agood-naturedNewfoundlanddog.41.Whatkindofdogsdidthegold-seek