2024年学位英语模拟题答案

一、詞汇和語法(1-20isobviousthatthisnewruleisapplicabletoeveryonewithout_____.[答案]A[译文]很明显，這条规定合用于任何人，没有例外。[解析]Withoutexception為固定搭配，表达“毫無例外，無一例外”。Exclusion表达“排除，排外”;modification的意思是“更改，修正”;substitution表达“替代”。nighthesawtwodark_____enterthebuilding,andthentherewastheexplosion.[答案]B[译文]昨天晚上他看見两個黑影進了大楼，然後就发生了爆炸。[解析]Feature表达“特性，特點”;sketch的意思是“素描，梗概，草图”;image表达“形象”;而figure表达“外形，轮廓，体型”，符合上下文。withrapidinflationand_____internationalandhomemarkets,manyfirmshavedeclaredbankrupt.A.lesseningB.shorteningC.shrinkingD.withdrawing[答案]C。考察近义動詞的語义辨析。各选项的意思及使用方法分别是：选项Alessening減少，減轻，侧重指程度、重要性等的減轻。如：Thedefeatlessenedourchancesofwinningthechampionship.本次失败使我們夺冠的但愿变得愈加渺茫。lessentheburdenof減轻承担;选项Bshortening缩短，变短，如Thedaysarebeginningtoshorten.天開始变短了。shortenthegapbetween缩小……之间的差距;选项Cshrinking使收缩，缩小，減少，侧重指尺寸、大小等的变小。如：Thenumberofstudentsattendingthelecturehasshrunk.听讲座的學生人数減少了。Willthissoapshrinkwoolenclothes?這种肥皂會使羊毛衣服缩水吗?选项Dwithdrawing收回，撤退，撤销，如：Afterawhile,hewithdrewhisproposal.過了一會儿，他撤回了他的提议。根据題意可判断出选项C应為對的答案。全句意思是“面對通货膨胀和曰益缩小的国际国内市場，許多企业都已宜布破产”。'dbettereliminatejunkfoodsfromourkitchenandkeepavarietyofhigh-qualityfoods_____atalltimes.A.availableB.desirableC.enormousD.numerous[答案]A。考察形容詞語义环境。四個选项的意思分别是：选项Aavailable現成可使用的，在手边的，可运用的;选项Bdesirable称心如意的，值得有的，如IenvyJanebecauseherjobissodesirable.我很羡慕简，由于她有一份很称心的工作。选项Cenormous巨大的，极大的，庞大的;选项Dnumerous許多的，诸多的，如：Thisisaconclusionhehasdrawnfromnumerousfacts.這是他從诸多事实當中得出的結论。根据題干可判断出选项A应為對的答案。全句的意思為“我們应清除厨房裏的垃圾食品，而使多种高质量的食物随手可及”。purposeofyourresumeisto_____enoughinterestinyoutohaveanemployercontactyouforaninterview.A.assembleB.generateC.yieldD.gather[答案]B。考察動詞的語义辨析。各选项的意思分别是：选项Aassemble意為“集合，汇集，召集;装配”，如：Thewholeschoolassembledinthemainhall.全校學生在大礼堂集合。Beforeyouassemblethemodelplane,readtheinstructions.在你组装模型飞机前，先讀阐明書。选项Bgenerate意為“生成，产生(光、热、電等;引起(愛好等”，如：NewsoftheQueen'svisitisgeneratingalotofexcitement.女皇来访的消息使大家感到非常兴奋。选项Cyield意為“生产，产生(利润、回报等;投降，屈服”，如：Hisbusinessyieldsbigprofits.他的生意利润丰厚。选项Dgather意為“汇集，集合;搜集，采集”，如：Manypeoplegatheredinthetownsquare.诸多人汇集在市政广場。该題需注意选项B和选项C在搭配上的区别。根据題意，选项B应為對的答案。全句意思為是“简历就是要充足引起雇主對你的愛好，并到达深入联络面试的目的”。conceptsmaybedifficulttograspchieflybecausetheymaybeunfamiliaror_____ideas,opinionswhichwealreadyhold.A.inaccordancewithB.inconflictwithC.infavorofD.inresponseto[答案]B。考察介詞短語的語义。四個选项的意思分别是：选项Ainaccordancewith根据，根据;选项Binconflictwith与……相冲突;选项Cinfavorof支持，赞同;选项Dinresponseto作為對……的反应。根据題意可判断出选项B為對的答案。全句的意思為“某些观念很难让人领會重要是由于我們對其不熟悉或者是由于与我們原有的观點相矛盾”。citygovernmenthasdeterminedtoget_____withpeoplewhotrytoescapepayingtaxes.A.roughB.toughC.rigidD.bold[答案]B。考察形容詞語义及搭配。能与介詞with搭配的只有选项Btough，gettoughwith/onsb.意為“對……采用坚决态度;對……采用强硬手段”。其他选项的意思分别是：选项Arough意為“粗糙的;粗野的，粗暴的;粗略的，大体的”;选项Crigid(行為观點等严格的，死板的，不易变化的;选项Dbold意為“勇敢的，無畏的;莽撞的，鲁莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部门决心采用强硬手段来惩办偷税人员”。beingsaresuperiortoanimals_____theycanuselanguageasatooltocommunicate.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.inthatD.forthat答案：C详解：答案為C。inthat表达“由于，既然”youknowthenameofthat_____insect?A.funny,little,red,mosquito-likeB.little,funny,mosquito-like,redC.red,little,funny,mosquito-likeD.mosquito-like,red,little,funny答案：A详解：答案為A。本題考核修饰語的排列次序：限定詞—数詞—一般描绘性形容詞—表达大小、形状的形容詞—表达年龄、新旧的形容詞—表达色彩的形容詞—表达国籍、地区、出处的形容詞—表达物质、材料的形容詞—表达用途、类别的形容詞—被修饰名詞。理解個大概次序，假如记不得，只有讀几遍凭語感来选择。timehascome_____wemakeextensiveuseofnuclearenergy.A.WhenB.whileC.asD.since答案：A详解：答案為A。when引导的定語從句修饰time，有時為了使句子平衡，也就是使主語不必過長，而把定語從句或同位語從句後置于谓語之後。如：Thenewscamethatourteamwonthematch.BlackandprofessorSmithwill_____ingivingtheclasslectures.A.alterB.changeC.alternateD.differ答案：C详解：答案為C。alternate指“交替”;alter指“变化”。driveourcarfastandsoon_____othercarsontheroad.A.overseeB.overtakeC.overrunD.override答案：B【译文】我們開得很快，一會儿就超越了公路上的其他汽車。【注释】overtake“追上，赶上，超過”。oversee“俯瞰;监督，监视”。overrun“溢出;(侵略軍横行于”。override“奔越過，践踏過;制服，压倒”。thereanyotherfactorsthatmightaffectthedevelopmentofachild______educationandinnateinability?A.apartfromB.awayfromC.farfromD.butfor答案：A详解：应选A项。apartfrom除……之外，awayfrom遠离，farfrom遠非，butfor要不是。句意為：除了教育和先天的局限性，尚有什么其他原因會影响一种孩子的发展?wouldneverhaveencouragedyoutogointothisfield_____itwouldbesohardforyou.A.hadIknownB.andIhadknownC.shouldIknowD.butIknew答案：A详解：应选A项。此句為虚拟語气，假如条件從句中包具有一种助動詞，可把if省略，這時助動詞应放在主語前面。句意為：要是我懂得這件事情對你如此之难，我就不會鼓励你進入這個领域。15.Readingistothemind_____foodistothebody.A.whatB.thatC.similarD.which答案：A详解：应选A项。what是关系代詞，AistoBwhatCistoD，A對于B之间的关系如同C對于D。句意為：讀書對于大脑来說就像食物對于身体同样。's_____forgardeningisevidentbyallofthesebeautifulflowers.A.acquaintanceB.familiarityC.achievementD.enthusiasm答案：D详解：应选D项。enthusiasm热衷，狂热，acquaintance相识，familiarity熟悉，achievement成就，功绩。句意為：從這些漂亮的花可以明显看出简對园艺的热衷。the1850'sHarrietBeecherStowe's"UncleTom'sCabin"becamethebestsellerofthegeneration,_____ahostofimitators.A.inspiringB.inspiredC.inspiredbyD.toinspire答案：A详解：应选A项。分詞短語做状語。句意為：19世纪50年代，斯托的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》成為30年来的畅销書，因而激起了一大群伪造者。havemadea_____plantobuildasuspensionbridgeovertheriver.A.baldB.boundC.boldD.bare答案：C详解：应选C项。bold大胆的，bald光秃的，bound被束缚了的，bare赤裸的;無遮盖的。句意為：他們已做出了一种大胆的计划要在這条河上建一所吊桥。humorousremarksseemed_____,butwereinfactcarefullypreparedbeforehand.A.preciseB.blankC.spontaneousD.bold答案：C详解：应选C项。spontaneous自发的;自然产生的，precise精确的;精确的，blank空白的;空著的，bold大胆的。句意為：她的風趣的评论看起来仿佛很自然，不過实际上是事先认真准备好的。thereanyotherfactorsthatmightaffectthedevelopmentofachild_____educationandinnateinability?A.apartfromB.awayfromC.farfromD.butfor答案：A详解：应选A项。apartfrom除……之外，awayfrom遠离，farfrom遠非，butfor要不是。句意為：除了教育和先天的局限性，尚有什么其他原因會影响一种孩子的发展?二、阅讀理解(21-40)Wheredopesticides(杀虫剂fitintothepictureofenvironmentaldisease?Wehaveseenthattheynowpollutesoil,water,andfood,thattheyhavethepowertomakeourstreamsfishlessandourgardensandwoodlandssilentandbirdless.Man,howevermuchhemayliketopretendthecontrary,ispartofnature.Canheescapeapollutionthatisnowsothoroughlydistributedthroughoutourworld?Weknowthatevensingleexposurestothesechemicals,iftheamountislargeenough,cancauseextremelyseverepoisoning.Butthisisnotthemajorproblem.Thesuddenillnessordeathoffarmers,farmworkers,andothersexposedtosufficientquantitiesofpesticidesisverysadandshouldnotoccur.Forthepopulationasawhole,wemustbemoreconcernedwiththedelayedeffectsofabsorbingsmallamountsofthepesticidesthatinvisiblypolluteourworld.Responsiblepublichealthofficialshavepointedoutthatthebiologicaleffectsofchemicalsarecumulativeoverlongperiodsoftime,andthatthedangertotheindividualmaydependonthesumoftheexposuresreceivedthroughouthislifetime.Fortheseveryreasonsthedangeriseasilyignored.Itishumannaturetoshakeoffwhatmayseemtousathreatoffuturedisaster."Menarenaturallymostimpressedbydiseaseswhichhaveobvioussigns,"saysawisephysician,Dubos,"yetsomeoftheirworstenemiesslowlyapproachthemunnoticed."21.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothesentence"Man,...ispartofnature."(Line3,?A.Manappearsindifferenttowhathappensinnature.B.Manactsasifhedoesnotbelongtonature.C.Mancanavoidtheeffectsofenvironmentalpollution.D.Mancanescapehisresponsibilitiesforenvironmentalprotection.答案:B详解：B)。詞汇題。答題关键在于對的理解"liketopretendthecontrary"几种詞的含义，這几种詞字面原意為：喜欢假装相反。把它与原句結合起来看，這一句的意思是：人类，尽管常常体現得恰好相反，却是自然的一部分。据此句意来套四個选择项，就可看出B)(人类体現得仿佛他不属于自然是對的答案。22.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheenvironmentaleffectsofpesticides?A.Pessimistic.B.Indifferent.C.Defensive.D.Concerned.答案:D详解：D)。观點題。本文就作者對杀虫剂的环境後果的态度提問。纵观全文可知，作者在文中一一描述了杀虫剂明显和潜在的两方面危险，提醒人們重视其缓慢的長期效应，可見作者對這一問題是“关切的”D)项)，而非是“漠不关怀的”B)项)。同步，作者在文中并未悲天悯人，认為杀虫剂的危害已不可救药，因此A)项“消极的”也不符合題意。而C)项“防御性的”，在文中并無根据，由于在文中作者并未提出该怎样处理杀虫剂的环境後果問題，因此只有D)是最符合題意的對的答案。23.Intheauthor'sview,thesuddendeathcausedbyexposuretolargeamountsofpesticides_____.A.isnottheworstofthenegativeconsequencesresultingfromtheuseofpesticidesB.nowoccursmostfrequentlyamongallaccidentaldeathsC.hassharplyincreasedsoastobecomethecenterofpublicattentionD.isunavoidablebecausepeoplecan'tdowithoutpesticidesinfarming答案:A详解：A)。推断題。本題的答案重要見于第二段。從"Butthisisnotthemajorproblem".(但這并不是重要問題及"...,wemustbemoreconcernedwiththedelayedeffects...，(我們必须更关切由于小剂量地吸取無形中污染了我們世界的杀虫剂而导致的延迟的後果”我們可從中推断出作者认為“由于大剂量吸入杀虫剂而忽然致死”還不是最糟糕的状况，故A)是對的的。而B)、C)、D)项的内容在文中均未提及，因此無法判断与否是作者的观點，因而不能入选對的答案。24.Peopletendtoignorethedelayedeffectsofexposuretochemicalsbecause_____.A.limitedexposuretothemdoeslittleharmtopeople'shealthB.thepresentismoreimportantforthemthanthefutureC.thedangerdoesnotbecomeapparentimmediatelyD.humansarecapableofwithstandingsmallamountsofpoisoning答案:C详解：C)。推断題。本題可用筛选法，一一排除錯误答案。人們轻易忽视吸入有毒化學物质所带来的延迟後果，究竟是由于何呢?先看A)：有限的吸取不會給人类健康带来危害。根据第三段内容可知，有毒化學物质的生物效果是累积的，并且累积越多，危险越大，因此，虽然是有限的吸取，也會有潜伏的危险，可見A)项内容錯误。同样D)项“人类能經受住小剂量有毒物质危害”显然也不對。再看B)：目前比未来重要。根据最终一段第三句，人类的本性是會忽视未来的危险的，但這并不等于說目前就更重要，因此B)项也没有對的解释本題中的原因。只有C)项“危险并没有立即显示出来”，符合原文意旨，尤其是最终一句的句意，因此C)是對的答案。25.Itcanbeconcludedfrom'remarksthat_____.A.peoplefindinvisiblediseasesdifficulttodealwithB.attacksbyhiddenenemiestendtobefatalC.diseaseswithobvioussignsareeasytocureD.peopletendtooverlookhiddendangerscausedbypesticides答案:D详解：D。推断題。本題关键在于對的理解的评论。原句意為：人类很自然地最轻易對那些具有征兆的疾病印象深刻，然而有些最致命的疾病却是慢慢地毫無察覺地击中他們的。据此句意，可以轻易地推断出D)為對的答案。Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaimforit,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty(保單,oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduceresults.However,ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction.Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the"higherup"theconsumertakeshisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacase,itisusuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavour,assumingheorshehasajustclaim.Consumersshoudcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycannotgettotheplaceofpurchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestion.Ifthiscannotbedone,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,"Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclear"isbetterthan"Thisstereo(立体声音响doesnotwork."Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumershoulddothis,statingthecomplaintaspolitelyandasfirmlyaspossible.Butifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievethedesiredresult,theconsumercangoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumers‘rights.aconsumerfindsthathispurchasehasafaultinit,thefirstthingheshoulddoisto_____.A.complainpersonallytothemanagerB.threatentotakethemattertocourtC.writeafirmletterofcomplainttothestoreofpurchaseD.showsomewrittenproofofthepurchasetothestore答案：D解析：答案D.本題答案在原文第一句中可以找到。它的大意是：當顾客发現他(她所买的商品有毛病或在其他方面未到达制造商所声称的原则時，第一步就是将保單或其他有助于处理問題的记录這家商店看。因此D“向這家商店出示書面证明”，与原文相符，是對的答案。而A“當面向經理申诉”，是在第一步中問題得不到处理時才使用，因此它不是此題答案。B“威胁将此事向法庭上诉”是在經理未能处理問題，写信給廠家也未能处理問題時才使用的措施，因此它也不是处理問題的第一步。C“給商店写一封态度强硬的埋怨信”也是在第一步中問題得不到处理時才使用的。因此A、B、C均不是對的答案。aconsumerwantsaquicksettlementofhisproblem,it'sbettertocomplainto_____.A.ashopassistantB.thestoremanagerC.themanufacturerD.apublicorganization答案：B解析：答案B.此題源于第二段。作者认為許多消费者使用的简朴而又常用的措施是直接向商店經理投诉。mosteffectivecomplaintcanbemadeby_____.A.showingthefaultyitemtothemanufacturerB.explainingexactlywhatiswrongwiththeitemC.sayingfirmlythattheitemisofpoorqualityD.askingpolitelytochangetheitem答案：B解析：答案B.原文第四段的大意是：當顾客申诉商品有质量問題時，态度要坚定、有礼貌，尤其是假如消费者當場演示就能最有效地到达申诉目的。不能當場演示時也要提出比较详细的质量间題。A、C、D三项都是泛泛地說质量差、有毛病，而没能說出该商品哪一种详细的部位有毛病，因此都不是最有效的处理問題的措施。而B项“精确解释商品哪裏有問題”与原文相符，是對的答案。phrase"liveupto"(Para.1,Linethecontextmeans_____.A.meetthestandardofB.realizethepurposeofC.fulfilthedemandsofD.keepthepromiseof答案：A解析：答案upto所在句子的意思是：“當顾客发現他所购置的商品有毛病或在某种程度上没有到达制造商所声称的原则時，…”。B项“实現(制造商所声称的目的”，句意不通;C项“满足(制造商所声称的规定”;D项“履行(制造商所声称的承诺”，C、D两项均与原文意思不符。而A项“到达(制造商所声称的原则”正是原文所体現的意思，因此是對的答案。passagetellsus_____.A.howtosettleaconsumer'scomplaintaboutafaultyitemB.howtomakeaneffectivecomplaintaboutafaultyitemC.howtoavoidbuyingafaultyitemD.howtodealwithcomplaintsfromcustomers答案：B解析：答案B.從全文看，作者向讀者推荐了几种申诉伪劣商品的措施，可見作者是站在顾客的立場上的。而A、D两项是站在卖方的立場;C项在文章中未提到，因此它們都不是對的答案。B项“怎样有效地申诉有质量問題的商品”与原文意思相符是此題答案。Whatisexactlyalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisitsomethingmorethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou,yousay:IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself.Infact,youarenotshortofmoney,butyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtsandyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?Ascientificstudyoflyingshowswomenarebetterliarsthanmen,particularlywhentellinga"whitelie"suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksterrible.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Otherresearchesshowthatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromisewhichtheyhavenointentionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewaypeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdownatthesametime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.TothetrainedobservertheyaresayingIwishIweresomewhereelsenow.31.Thispassagetellsusthat_____.A.tellingliesisoftennecessaryinordertoavoidbeingdefeatedB.tellingliesisoftenbadbecausepeopleoughtnottobedishonestC.tellingliesissometimesnecessaryinordernottohurtsomeoneelse'sfeelingsD.tellingliesisnotbadatallinmostcases[答案]C【解析】第一段作者举的例子，可以得出C“有時為了不伤害其他人的感情說谎是必须的”對的。其他选项的信息在文中没有明确出現。32.InParagraph2,thesentence"Womenarebetterliarsthanmendo."probablymeans_____.A.womenarebetterattellingliesthanmenB.womenliarsarebetteracceptedthanmenC.womenhaveabetterintentionwhentellingliesD.womentellfewerliesthanmendo[答案]C【解析】從第二段作者举例可知女人更愛說"whitelie"，即善意的谎言，而男人更有也許說某些严重的谎话。因此C选项“女人說谎時有很好的意图”符合原文。A选项說的太笼统，女人仅在說"whitelie"時比男人擅長，而說"seriouslie"则不及男人;B、D选项所給信息并未在文中出現。33.A"whitelie"means_____.A.aliethatiscompletelyunbelievableB.aliethatistoldwithagoodwillC.aliethatisalwaysbelievableD.aliethatoftenhasanevilpurpose[答案]B【解析】"whitelie"的意思是善意的谎言，從文中第二段女人說谎所举的例子也可以推断出B选项“带有善意所說的谎”為對的答案。34.Politiciansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeskilledattellingthekindoflies_____.A.fromwhichtheymaygainsomeadvantagesB.thatseemstobebelievableC.thatwomenaremostlikelytobelieveD.withwhichtheycanhavebetterrelationshipwithothers[答案]A【解析】第二段最终一句“政治家和商人尤其擅長說這种谎话，即可從這些谎言中盈利或获利。”而A选项“他們或許可以從中赢得某些好处”与之相一致。35.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_____.A.thereisasimplewayoffindingoutifsomeoneislyingB.fromsomewayspeoplebehavewecanknowtheyarelyingC.certainemotionsareproofoflyingD.insomesituationswomenaremostlikelytothinkbusinessmenaredishonest[答案]B【解析】第三段第一句“對人們行為举止的研究表明：當人們說谎時，會以大量不起眼的、表面上不重要的方式变化自已的举止”為主題句，文章所得出的結论為B选项“從人們的某些行為举止，我們可以懂得他們在說谎”，与主題句相一致。Howcanwegetridofgarbage?Dowehaveenoughenergysourcestomeetourfutureenergyneeds?Thesearetwoimportantquestionsthatmanypeopleareaskingtoday.Somepeoplethinkthatmanmightbeabletosolvebothproblemsatthesametime.Theysuggestusinggarbageasanenergysource,andatthesametimeitcansavethelandtoholdgarbage.Foralongtime,peopleburiedgarbageordumped(倾倒itonemptyland.Now,emptylandisscarce.Butmoreandmoregarbageisproducedeachyear.However,garbagecanbeagoodfueltouse.Thethingsingarbagedonotlooklikecoal,petroleum,ornaturalgas;buttheyarechemicallysimilartothesefossil(化石fuels.Asweuseupourfossilfuelsupplies,wemightbeabletousegarbageasanenergysource.Burninggarbageisnotanewidea.SomecitiesinEuropeandtheUnitedStateshavebeenburninggarbageforyears.Theheatthatisproducedbyburninggarbageisusedtoboilwater.Thesteamthatisproducedisusedtomakeelectricityortoheatnearbybuildings.InParis,Ourfossilfuelsuppliesarelimited.Burninggarbagemightbeonekindofenergysourcethatwecanusetohelpmeetourenergyneeds.Thismethodcouldalsoreducetheamountofgar-bagepilingupontheearth.twoproblemscanmansolvebyburninggarbage?shortageofenergyandairpollution.shortageofenergyandthelandtoholdgarbage.pollutionandtheshortageoffossilfuel.pollutionandtheshortageoflandtoholdgarbage.答案：Bofthefollowingisnottheresultofburninggarbage?garbageburnedisturnedintofossilfuels.heatproducedisusedtoboilwater.steamproducedisusedtomakeelectricity.steamproducedisusedtoheatbuildings.答案：AtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?2millionmetrictonsofgarbageisburnedinsomepowerplantsinPads,Franceeachyear.amodemsociety,moreandmoregarbageisproducedeachyear.garbageisagoodwaytosolvetheproblemofenergyshortage.willbetooexpensivetousegarbageasanenergysource.答案：Distheauthor'sattitude?....答案：CbesttitleforthepassagemaybeandtheEarthFuelandGarbageandGarbageSource答案：D三、完型填空(41-50)根据下面资料，回答下面试題Forreasonsofsafetyandeaseofmaintenance,Washingtonanddozensofothercommunitiesarebuildingrubbersidewalksmadetiresofcarsandbikes.Therubbersquaresareuptothreetimesmoreexpensivethanconcretesquaresbut,becausetreerootsandfreezingweatherwon'tcrackthem.That,(43),couldreducethenumberofslip-and-fallcomplaintsmade(44)unevenpavements.Theshock-absorbingsurfacealsohappenstobeeasieronthejointsofslowrunnersandmoreforgivingwhensomeoneslipsorfalls.Andtherubberside-walksareconsideredmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Theywaytorecyclesomeoftheestimated290milliontireseachyearintheUnitedStates,andtheydonotrestricttreerootsthewayconcretesquares,acompany,RubberSidewalks,hasbeengrindingthousandsofoldtiresintosmallpieces,substancesandbakingthematerialintosidewalksectionsthatweighlessthanelevenpoundsasquarefoot,oraquarteroftheweightofconcrete.Therubbersquaresarenowtwocolorsofgrayandorange.TheDistrictofColumbiahasspentabout$60,000toreplacebrokenconcretewiththerubbersquareshereandthereinaresidential(50)northeastofthecapital.41.答案：A答案：B解析：本題考察動詞的詞义辨析。stay意為“逗留，停留”;last意為“持续本来的状态”;exist意為“存在”;survive意為“幸存”。根据句意应當是說橡胶經久耐用，故选B。turnsreturnturnreturn答案：C解析：本題考察介詞詞组辨析。byturn意為“轮番，交替地”;byreturn意為“返回，反馈”;inturn意為“反過来”，常放在句子中间，表达转折;inreturn意為“作為回报”。根据上下文可知，树根和寒冷的天气不會使橡胶開裂，但成本要比水泥块高三倍，反過来，能減少因路面不平而引起的滑倒的投诉。答案：D解析：本題考察短語的詞义辨析。makefor意為“导致，有助于，朝著…前進”;makewith意為“产生，提供”;没有maketo的搭配，常見的搭配是makesth.;makecomplaintsagainst是個固定搭配短語，意為“控告，對…進行投诉”。根据句意，和make前面的complaints不难判断选D。答案：B解析：本題考察動詞的詞义辨析。furnish意為“提供某种有特殊用途的東西”，常用短語為furnishsb./furnish.;offer意為“給他人東西，让他人来选择要不要”;give有“直接予以”的意思;refer常搭配介詞to，意為“提到”。根据句意可知，橡胶人行道提供了一种回收运用废弃轮胎的措施。答案：A解析：本題考察語法构造。应用throw的過去分詞作定語修饰轮胎(tires)，意為“被废弃的轮胎”，故选A项。答案：D解析：本題考察語法构造。本句是個省略句，前文提到restrict，後文為了防止反复，使用動詞do来替代restricttreeroots。由于句子是一般目前時，并且concretesquares是复数，因此选D。答案：C解析：本題考察語法构造。文章中的主語是rubbersidewalks，谓語hasbeen引导著三個并列的构造相似的分句，前面的grind和背面的bake都用的-ing形式。因此选C项adding。答案：A解析：本題考察形容詞的詞义辨析。available意為“可得到的，可运用的”;atcces-sible意為“可靠近的，可抵达的”;advisable意為“合适的，可实行的”;achievable意為“可完毕的，可实現的”。根据句意，故选A。答案：D解析：本題考察名詞的詞义辨析。zone意為“有特色的地区、地带”;location意為“某物设置的地點、方向”;position多指物体相對于其他物体所处的位置或立場;neigh-borhood指邻居或街坊四邻。根据句意应當是說在一处居民住宅区，故选D。四、翻译(51-55)isdeterminedthroughteststhattheharmfulsubs