2024年中考英语一轮复习主题练习：历史、社会与文化

主题八历史、社会与文化

模块一主题词汇

［时长：20分钟总分：35分］

一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，每空一词(每小题1分，共10分)

1.Sincethousandsofyearsago,Confuciushastoldhisstudentsaboutthe

(important)ofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.

2.WhenIsawournationalflagabroad,a(feel)ofpriderosefromthebottom

ofmyheart.

3.Actually,therearemanypeoplearoundtheworldwhocan'tgetenoughfoodtoeat.Sowe

areso(luck)toliveinChina.

4.Canyoutellmea(different)betweenChristmasintheUSandtheSpring

FestivalinChina?

5.Thereisnodoubtthat(history)sitesareeverywhereinShanxi,especially

whenyouarevisitinganoldvillage.

6.Mygrandma'sgardenis(fill)withvegetablessuchastomatoes,carrotsandso

on.

Wecanoftenhavehealthymealsthere.

7.UnlikeintheUS,youdon'thavetoworryaboutyour(safe)inChinabecause

gunsarenotallowedbylawinChina.

8.WhenyouvisitafriendinChina,agiftisnecessary.Aftergreetings,thegiftshouldbepassed

(rapid)tothehost.

9.Traditionalfestivalsare(value)treasuresofChina,andweshouldtryourbest

topassthemdown.

10.Doyouknowthatthe(leaf)ofsomeplantscanalsobeeatenandtheyare

goodforourhealth?

二、在空白处填入恰当的单词，完成句子，每空一词(每小题1分，共5分)

1.Itissaidthathongbaocanbringgoodtothechildrenwhogetit.

2.ThefoodinShanxiisreallydelicious.Ihaveput3kilogramsthesedays.

3.Themoviewillbeginin5minutes.Canyouhelpmeturnthelightsowecanwatch

it

clearly?

4.Togivehermomabigsurprise,Suewentoutofwaytomakethecake.

5.WhenyougotoSingapore,don'ttherules.Therulesthereareverystrict.

74主题八历史、社会与文化

三、词语运用A篇（每小题2分，共20分）

）

Didpeopleeattakeout（夕卜卖）inancienttimes?Accordingtohistorybooks,there

anemperorcalledXiaozongintheSongDynastylikingtoordertakeoutatnight.Hisservants

wenttopickupthedishes2broughtthembacktothepalace.

Commonpeoplealsoorderedtakeout.Restaurantswouldgettheir3togooutand

yell（吆喝）outwhichdishescouldbeordered.Peoplecouldorderthemealsthattheylike.Later,

theworkerswouldbringfoodtotheirhomes.InthefamouspaintingAlongtheRiverDuringthe

QingmingFestival（《清明上河图》）,atakeoutworker4carriedamealboxinhandcan

beseenclearly.

Peopleatthetimeevenhadspecialmealboxesfortakeoutdishes.Theyalsousedplates

made5porcelain（瓷）.Hotwatercouldbeputbetweenthefirstlayer（层）andthesecond.

Theycouldkeepthedisheswarm.Howcleverourancestorswere!

1.2.3.4.

5.

（二）

InChina,peoplecelebratemanyholidays,especiallysometraditionalones.Alotofholidays

inKoreaarealsocelebrated,suchasChristmas,theSpringFestival,］NewYear'sEve.

I'dliketointroduceaspecialholiday.InKorea,it'scalledChuseok（秋夕）2takesplace

aroundSeptembereachyear.It'sakindoffallharvest（收获）festival,whichissimilar

3theMid-AutumnFestivalinChina.Peoplegettoeatalotonthatday,forexample

songpyeon（松饼）,whichisakindofricecake.It'sintheshapeofahalf-moon.There4

—manydifferentflavors（口味）dependingonwhat'sinside,andamongthem,themostpopular

flavorissesame（芝麻）.Chuseokisoneofthemostenjoyable5inKorea.Withtraditional

customsandfoods,peoplecanhaveachancetogettogetherwithfamilymembers.Itseemsthat

peopleallovertheworldhavethesamewish.

1.2.3.4.

5.

模块二短语句型

［时长：20分钟总分：23分］

一、补全对话（每小题1分，共5分）

（ThreestudentsaretalkingaboutthecustomsinLondon.）

A:Hi,guys.Willyoucometomybirthdaypartynextweek?

B:Sorry,Peter.IamleavingforLondonnextweek.

主题八历史、社会与文化75

C:Really?]

B:Yeah.ButI'mabitnervous.

A:Aboutwhat?

B:Idon'tknowmanyofthecustomsandmannersintheUK.2

C:Sure.

B:WhatshouldIdowhenIaminvitedtomyfiiend'shomefordinner?

C:3

B:Noproblem.4

A:Afterthemeal,butdon'tleaveatonce.

B:Isee.5

A:You'rewelcome.

A.Ofcourse.E.Well,it'simpolitetoarrivelate.

B.WhencanIleave?F.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?

....G.Youmustbeveryexcitedaboutit.

C.Howexpensiveitis!

D.Thankyouforyouradvice.

1.2.3.4.

二、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分）

Withthesoundoffireworks（烟花）andcrackers（爆竹）,wecelebratetheChineseNew

Year.Butdoyouknow?ChineseNewYearisbeingcelebratedbypeoplefrommanymore

]aroundtheworld!

Thiswinterholiday,IwenttoBangkok,Thailand.WhenIfirstarrivedinthecitycenter,Iwas

2:Manywindowshadposterssaying“HappyChineseNewYear”.Manypeople___

3traditionalclotheslikeqipao.AndmostshoppingareasinBangkokweredecorated（

装饰）withmanyflowersandpapercutting!Ialso4myqipaoandwalkeddownthe

streettoenjoytheatmosphere（气氛）.Manypeoplefromdifferentcountriessmiledatmeand

said“hello"5.IwasexcitedtofindthatChinesefestivalshavebeensopopular!

Atnight,somanypeoplegottogetheronthebridge6therewerefireworksover

theriverinthecitycenter.Ienjoyedthebeautifulfireworksaswell.Andtheymademefeelmuch

7tobeborninChina.

ThenextdayIalsoreceivedamessagefromapenpalintheUK.Hetoldmethathealsotook

partinthecelebrationandhewasinterestedinChinesetraditionalcultureand8.What

agreatvibe（氛围）ofChineseNewYearfromaroundtheworld!

（）1.A.countriesB.colleges

C.neighborhoods

（）2.A.worriedB.surprised

C.relaxed

76主题八历史、社会与文化

()3.A.woreB.soldC.made

()4.A.lookedoverB.gavebackC.puton

()5.A.kindlyB.quietlyC.wisely

()6.A.unlessB.becauseC.although

()7.A.smarterB.healthierC.prouder

()8.A.customsB.namesC.places

三、词语运用B篇（每小题1分，共10分）

theyweworkbringhappen

traditionoffertryownskill

completedelicious

ShenHu,fromShenyang,LiaoningProvince,isgoodatcooking.HecametoIstanbul,Tur

key'sbiggestcity,in2005.Sincethen,he]atalocalChineserestaurant.Hehas

introducedChinesedishesandfoodculturetoTurkishpeoplethroughhisgoodcooking2

“Alltheseasonings(调味品)usedinmykitchen3directlyfromChinabyair.The

Turkishpeoplecanenjoy4Chinesefoodthroughthesenativeseasonings,Shensaid.

Henotonlycooksdishesfromhishometownbutalso5themostfamous

ChinesedishesaroundChina.AccordingtoShen,hismealsaresuitable(适合的)forthetaste

ofTurkishpeople,and6interestinChinesefoodisgrowing.

HuseyinArslan,acollegestudent,usuallyhashislunchintherestaurant,andBeijing

duckisoneofhisfavorite.Hethinksitis7thanotherdishes.Forhim,althoughtheways

ofcookingare8different,theflavorsofTurkishandChinesefoodareclosetoeachother.

"Turkishpeoplecanhaveatry,“hesuggested.

CihangirYalcin,the9ofanearbyshop,isinterestedinShen'sdishes.Yalcincomes

totherestaurantwheneverhefindstimeandalwaysaskshisfriends10thedelicious

Chinesefoodservedintherestaurant.

ShenHuuseshisownwaytospreadChinesefoodculturetotheworld.

1.2.3.4.

5.

6.7.8.9.

10.

模块三语篇研读

［时长：40分钟总分：52分］

(A)

Thethreestudentsfromdifferentcountriesaretalkingaboutthedifferencesintheirown

countries.Let9sreadonandlearnmoreaboutthem.

主题八历史、社会与文化77

WeChinesepeopleusuallyhaveagoodbreakfastbecausewe

haveasaying"Eatgoodthingsforbreakfast,eatabigmealfor

lunch,buteatlessatdinner.InChina,peopleliketo

talkandlaughwhileeating.Veryoftenyoucanhear

peopletalkingandlaughingloudly,andtheyarejusthavinga

goodtime.Peoplein

Chinaliketospendtimehappilyeatingwiththeirfamilies.

InIndia,weeatwithourhandsandeatlate.Forexample,weeat

dinnerfrom9:30p.m.to10:30p.m..Mostpeopleeatamorningmeal,

amid-daymealandaneveningmealwithhealthysnacks.The

eveningmealisgenerallythebiggestmealoftheday.Wealways

havethismealtogetherwithourfamilymembers.

WeAmericansagreethatoneshouldstartthedaywithagood

breakfast,butourideasaboutlunchanddinneraredifferent.Most

peopleonlygivethemselvesashorttimeforlunch.Sotheyeata

smalllunch.Aquietandbigdinnerathomewithallthefamily

talkingabouttheirdayisawaytotakeagoodrestafteralong,hard

dayofwork.

)1.Chinesealwayshaveabig.

A.breakfastB.lunchC.

dinner

)2.Chinesetalkloudlyatdinnerbecausethey.

A.enjoythemselvesB.arguewitheachotherC.canbepolite

enough

)3.AsformostoftheIndians,they.

A.usechopstickstoeat

B.havethreemealsaday

C.eatearlyeverymorning

)4.Peopleinthinktheyshouldhavedinnertogetherwith

theirfamily.①China(2)India③America

A.①②B.①③

C.①②③

)5.Thestudentsinthethreecountriesaretalkingabout.

A.differentfoodsB.differenteatinghabitsC.different

tablemanners

(B)

April23isknownasWorldBookDay.Theideaofsettingadaytoencouragereadingcame

outfromUNESCO(联合国教科文组织)in1995.Infact,itstartedlongbeforethatinSpain.In

78主题八历史、社会与文化

1922,SpanishwriterVicenteClavelAndressuggestedtheideaasawaytohonortheirfamous

writerMiguelDeCervantes.Fouryearslater,thefirstcelebrationtookplaceonOctober7,

Cervantes9birthday.In1930,itwasmovedtoApril23,thedateofhisdeath.

Everyyearsince2001,onecityaroundtheworldischosentobetheUNESCOWorldBook

Capitalforayear.Thetaskofthecityistocarryoutactivitiestoencourage"acultureofreading

andspreadingitsvaluesinallagesinandoutofthecountry”.

ArecentnationalsurveyshowsthateachChineseadultreadanaverageof4.78printed

booksand3.33e-booksin2023,bothabithigherthanthefiguresfrom2022.Besides,listeningto

audiobooks(有声读物)wasanotherrisinghabit,with35.5percentofadultssayingtheywere

usedtolisteningtothem.

Readingbooksgivespeoplethechancetolookintodifferentworldsandmeetnewpeople

bothrealandimagined.AncientChinesebelievedinthesaying:Readtenthousandbooksand

traveltenthousandmiles.Readingisawaytolearnfromthepast,understandtheworld,andget

lifewisdom.SomakeeverydayWorldBookDay!

()1.WhyisWorldBookDayset?

A.Tosellbooks.B.Toencouragereading.C.Tocelebrate

birthdays.

()2.WhendidthefirstcelebrationofWorldBookDaytakeplace?

A.In1922.B.In1926.C.In

1930.

()3.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?

A.MostChinesechoosetoreadaudiobooks.

B.TherearemoreChinesewholikereading.

C.Peopleprefertoreade-booksratherthanprintedbooks.

()4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whyshouldpeopleread?

A.Becausereadingmakesimaginedpeoplereal.

B.Becausereadingintroducesnewfriendstoyou.

C.Becausereadinghelpspeopleknowdifferentworlds.

()5.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?

A.Themeaningoflivingwisely.

B.Theimportanceofreadingbooks.

C.Thewaysofunderstandingtheworld.

(C)

MotuoliesinthesouthoftheHimalayasinTibet.]Itishometoallkindsof

mountains,rivers,waterfalls,plantsandanimals.Itsspecialgeographiclocationmakesita

beautifulplace.ItwasoneofthehardestplacestoreachandwasthelastcityinChinawithouta

highway.

主题八历史、社会与文化79

Theconstruction（施工）ofthefirsthighwaytoMotuostartedinthe1960s.However,it

wasnotcompleteduntilover50yearslater.2InOctober2022,theconstructionof

the

mainbodyofthehighwaywascompleted.

Therewerelotsofdifficultiesduringtheconstruction.3Inthisarea,earthquakes

andheavyrainshappenveryoften.Therecouldbefallingrocksorevenlandslides（滑坡）.People

mustbuildmanywallsandnetstoprotectthetwohighways.4Plentyofsnow

sometimesdestroyedrocksandroads.Asaresult,theconstructionofthehighwaystoMotuowas

stoppedseveraltimes.Tosolvethisproblem,peoplebuiltatunnel（隧道）thatgoesthroughthe

mountainarea.

5TheyarewaystoconnectMotuototheoutsideworldandshowhowChinacares

aboutpeopleinthefarareas.

A.Anotherchallengewasthesnow.

B.Thehighwayis117kilometerslong.

C.Itisknownasthe“NaturalMuseumofTibet”.

D.Naturaldisasterswereoneofthebiggestdifficulties.

E.ThetwohighwaysstandfortheChinesespiritof'nevergivingup”.

F.In2014,theconstructionofitssecondhighway-thePaimoHighwaystarted.

1.2.3.4.5.

（D）

Today,wethinkairconditioners（空调）andtakeoutsarenothingspecial.However,have

youwonderedwhetherancientpeopleenjoyedthem?

Colddrinksandairconditionershelpusstaycoolintheheatedsummer.Inancienttimes,

peopledidn'thavethesethings.Buttheyhadtheirownwisdomtogetthroughthehotsummer.

AsearlyastheZhouDynasty,therewasaspecialdepartment（部门）calledthe“iceadministration^^.

Itsworkerscollectediceblocksinwinterandkepttheminanicehouse.Whensummercame,the

iceadministrationofferedtheiceblockstopeople.Peopletookthemhomeandusedthem.

Manypeoplerelyontakeoutstofilltheirstomachstoday.Infact,ancientpeopledidthesame

thing!ThereweretakeoutsasfarbackastheSongDynasty.Restaurantworkerswouldgooutto

thestreetsandtellwhichdishescouldbeorderedthatday.Peoplewouldthenplaceanorder.Later,

takeoutworkerswouldbringfoodtotheirhomesassoonasthedisheswereready.In

thefamousSongDynastypaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival（《¥青明上河

80主题八历史、社会与文化

图》），atakeoutworkercanbeclearlyseenonadeliverywithfoodinhand.Peopleatthetimeeven

hadspecialmealboxesfortakeoutdishes.Itwasalongwoodenboxwithseverallayers（层

）.Theyalsousedwarmingplatesmadeoftwolayersofporcelain.Hotwatercouldbeputbetween

themtokeepdisheswarm.

Airconditionersandtakeoutsarenormalinourdailylives.Ancientpeoplealsoenjoyed

■them.Whenhotsummercomes,wecankeep]bydrinkingcolddrinksandusing

・airconditioners.IntheZhouDynasty,workersinthe“iceadministration"2iceblocks

♦inwinterandkeptthemuntilthenextsummer.Peoplecouldgettheiceblocksandtookthem

‘•home.Youcouldneverimagineancientpeoplealsohadtakeoutstofilltheirstomachs.Inthe

■

.SongDynasty,therestaurantworkerswentouttothe3andpeoplecouldknowthe

・dishesthattheycouldorder.Ifpeopleorderedsomething,inashorttime,thetakeoutworkers

■

•wouldbringthedishestopeople's4.InAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival,

•peoplecanseeadeliverymanwithfoodinhand5.Inordertokeepthedisheswarm,

-♦

.theyalsousedaspecialboxwithseverallayers.

.■

1.2.3.4.

（E）

Americanseatabout20billionhotdogseveryyear—including150milliononthefourth

ofJuly.Howdotheygettobesopopular?

►Sincethelate1400s,twocitiesinEurope