内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.HowmuchwillJennypay?A.£30.B.£60.C.£90.2.Whattimeisthetrainleaving?A.At10:25.B.At10:35.C.At10:55.3.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Ataxidriver.B.Arestaurantwaiter.C.Atrafficpoliceman.4.Howlongcanthemankeepthebooks?A.Foroneweek.B.Fortwoweeks.C.Forthreeweeks.5.Wheredidthemanspendhisholiday?A.InFrance.B.InMexico.C.InSpain.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanfindherlasthaircut?A.Fashionable.B.Scary.C.Unsatisfactory.7.WhatdoesthemansayaboutDon?A.Hewasagreenhand.B.Hewasrathercareful.C.Hehadnosenseoftime.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hesawaplay.B.Hewentcamping.C.Hestudiedalot.9.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A.Toearnmoney.B.Tomakefriends.C.Toexperiencelivingalone.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shecaughtaflu.B.Shehurtherhead.C.Shegotastomachache.11.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tomakeanappointment.B.Tocancelanappointment.C.Toputoffanappointment.12.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetothecharge?A.Uncaring.B.Acceptable.C.Intolerant.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whichlanguageisthemangoingtolearn?A.Chinese.B.Japanese.C.French.14.Howoftenwillthemanattendthecourse?A.Onenightaweek.B.Twonightsaweek.C.Threenightsaweek.15.Whatlevelwouldthemanliketotake?A.Theupperlevel.B.Thelowerlevel.C.Thebeginners’level.16.Whenwillthemanbegintotakethecourse?A.InJanuary.B.InMarch.C.InSeptember.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredojawfishesgettheirname?A.Fromtheirhead.B.Fromtheircolor.C.Fromtheirsize.18.Whatdoweknowaboutjawfishes?A.Theylikeplayingatrick.B.They’refriendlytovisitors.C.They’repopularwithvisitors.19.Whydoesthespeakerfindmudskippersamazing?A.Theycanlivebothonlandandinwater.B.Theyfeedonplantsandanimalsinwater.C.Theyareabletosurvivehightemperature.20.Whatarethelistenersgoingtodonext?A.Watchanothercreature.B.Asksomequestions.C.Drawthecreatures.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAreyouinneedofaculturefix?Herearethreemust-seeartexhibitionsinLondon,fromexplorationsofarchitectureandfreedomtonewperspectivesofMichelangelo.ADifferentGreenEmergingsoloartistBellaHoare’sfirstsoloexhibitionatSouthBank,London,ADifferentGreenfocusesonover20worksthatconnectthebeautyofthefemaleformwithreferencestonature.Hoareisdeeplyburiedinthenaturalworld,livingandworkingamongforestedlandscapes.Herdistinctivestyleofpaintingcreatescomplexmultilayeredworks.Themesofrenewalandhopeareoutstandingintheexhibition,exploringthehumanpotentialforclosenesswiththenaturalworld.CarvalhoParkExhibitionThisyear,theNewYork-basedartgallery,CarvalhoPark,willholditsfirstexhibitionintheUK,takingplaceinparticipationwithFriezeNo9CorkStreetinLondon.ThisgroupexhibitiondisplaysworksfromsomeDanishartists.CarvalhoParkgrewoutofitsdirectors’backgroundsinperformingartsandarchitecture,resultinginagallerythatfocusesonsculpture,installationandperformance.Likewise,theexhibitionatFriezeNo9CorkStreetcombinessculpture,painting,assemblageandcollage(组合和拼贴画)toexplorethenaturalworld.Michelangelo:theLastDecadesAnewexhibitionattheBritishMuseumwillexploreMichelangelobeyondthemostfamousworksofhisyouth.TheexhibitionfocusesonhowMichelangelo’sartandfaithevolved.WorksfromtheBritishMuseum’scollectionofMichelangelo’sdrawingswillbeshownforthefirsttimeinnearlytwodecades.Alongsidehisart,aselectionofhispoems,lettersanddesignswillalsobeexhibited,revealinganinsightintothemanbehindthemasterpieces.1.WhatdoesBellaHoare’sexhibitionhighlight?A.Theevolutionofhumans.B.Thedevelopmentofcomplexarchitecture.C.Thedifferencebetweenfemalesandmales.D.Theconnectionbetweenhumansandnature.2.WhatdoweknowaboutCarvalhoParkExhibition?A.ItfeaturesDanishworks. B.ItincludesBritishsculptures.C.ItisthefirstoneinNewYork. D.ItisbasedontheUK-basedartgallery.3.WhichofthefollowingdoestheexhibitionattheBritishMuseumexplore?A.BellaHoare’spoems. B.CarvalhoPark’sdesigns.C.Michelangelo’sartevolution. D.FriezeNo9CorkStreet’sarchitecture.〖答案〗1.D2.A3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了伦敦三个必看的艺术展览，包括贝拉·霍尔的个展DifferentGreen，卡瓦略公园画廊的展览，以及大英博物馆的米开朗基罗展览。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ADifferentGreenfocusesonover20worksthatconnectthebeautyofthefemaleformwithreferencestonature.”（ADifferentGreen主要展示了20多件将女性之美与自然相联系的作品。）以及第三段“Themesofrenewalandhopeareoutstandingintheexhibition,exploringthehumanpotentialforclosenesswiththenaturalworld.”（此次展览突出了更新和希望的主题，探索人类与自然世界亲近的潜力。）可知，贝拉·霍尔的展览强调的是人与自然的联系，故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThisgroupexhibitiondisplaysworksfromsomeDanishartists.”（这个群展展示了一些丹麦艺术家的作品。）可知，卡瓦略公园画廊的展览特色是展示丹麦的作品，故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“TheexhibitionfocusesonhowMichelangelo’sartandfaithevolved.”（展览主要关注米开朗基罗的艺术和信仰是如何发展的。）可知，大英博物馆的展览探索的是米开朗基罗的艺术演变，故选C。BAcharityclub,fundedentirelybyaman,wasestablishedinChengduintheearly2000s.Itfirstservedasa“homeawayfromhome”forruralstudentsattendingasportsschoolinneighboringAbaTibetan-QiangAutonomousPrefecture.Theclubprovidedfreemealsandaccommodationaswellastrainingfacilities.Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.Somechildrenhadalreadydroppedoutofschoolbeforejoiningtheclub,thefunderrevealedtomediain2017.AsthesestudentscouldnotbeofficiallyregisteredasresidentsofChengdu,theywerenotqualifiedtoattendpublicschoolsthere.Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.Aboy,borninAbain1999,joinedtheclubin2009.Beforethat,hewasinthirdgradeatalocalelementaryschool.Hisfatherpassedawaybeforehewasborn,andthefamilyhadbeenstrugglingeconomicallyeversince.Heheardabouttheclubfromhisheadmasteranddecidedtogothere.Startingfromscratch,theboyspenttwoyearsgettingreadytorepresenttheclubinSandacompetitions.In2015,theclubintroducedMMA(综合格斗)andheswitchedfromWushuSandatoMMAin2015andwonhisfirstmatchatacompetitionrunbyHenanTV.“IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,”hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.“ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.”4.Whichstatementfitstheclub?A.Itchargesforservices. B.Ittargetsurbanstudents.C.Ithasbeenanentertainmentcenter. D.IthasevolvedintoaWushuschool.5.Howdidthefunderoftheclubhelpstudentswiththeirstudies?A.Byturningtomediaforacademichelp.B.Byqualifyingthemtoattendpublicschools.C.Byfindingteacherstoinstructthempart-time.D.Byprovidingmaterialsforthemtostudyindependently.6.Whatdidtheboymentionedinthetextwanttoconveytonewsmedia?A.Hewasbornwithhardship.B.HisinitialpassionwasMMA.C.Hisfirstwinwasofdecisivesignificance.D.HewasconstantlyconfidentaboutWushu.7.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheclub?A.Officialandselective. B.Supportiveandinfluential.C.Exclusiveandconventional. D.Temporaryandunstructured.〖答案〗4.D5.C6.C7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家面向农村学生的提供免费的食宿和训练设施的慈善俱乐部，逐渐发展成为一所武术学校，并在学生业余时间教授学术科目。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.(渐渐地，它成为了一所面向农村儿童的武术学校，并开始吸引源源不断的学生，尤其是来自四川欠发达地区的学生。)”可知，俱乐部已经发展成为一所武术学校。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.(因此，他聘请了四名教师，在学生的业余时间(如晚上和周末)教授学术科目。)”可知，俱乐部的资助者通过找老师部分时间教授学生，来帮助学生学习。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,’hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.‘ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.’(他在2021年5月接受新闻媒体采访时说：‘刚加入这个俱乐部时，我不确定自己是否适合武术。’‘但当我在赢得比赛后举起双臂，高兴地大喊大叫时，我立刻意识到，综合格斗是我一生都想做的事情。’)”可知，文中提到的男孩想向新闻媒体传达，他的第一次胜利具有决定性意义。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theclubprovidedfreemealsandaccommodationaswellastrainingfacilities.Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.(俱乐部提供免费的食宿和训练设施。渐渐地，它成为了一所面向农村儿童的武术学校，并开始吸引源源不断的学生，尤其是来自四川欠发达地区的学生。)”和第三段中“Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.(因此，他聘请了四名教师，在学生的业余时间(如晚上和周末)教授学术科目。)”可知，这个俱乐部是给予帮助和支持的。根据最后一段中“‘IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,’hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.‘ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.’(他在2021年5月接受新闻媒体采访时说：‘刚加入这个俱乐部时，我不确定自己是否适合武术。’‘但当我在赢得比赛后举起双臂，高兴地大喊大叫时，我立刻意识到，综合格斗是我一生都想做的事情。’)”可知，这个俱乐部是有影响力的，因此这个俱乐部是给予帮助和支持的，并且有影响力的。故选B项。CThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.Withoutgovernmentsupportfornaturalfarming,mostIndianfarmersstillusefarmchemicalsandfertilizers.Thatputsthematriskwhenextremeweatherhits.Manyfarmersarecallingforgreaterstateinvestmenttohelpthemdealwithclimatechange.LastDecember,astormbroughtheavyrainfallacrossIndia’ssoutheasterncoast.Itfloodedtownsandfields.Earlystudiesshowedmorethan240,000hectaresofcropsweredestroyedinAndhraPradeshstate.Rajusaidtherainwaterontheirfarmsflowedintothegroundinoneday.Thesoilcantakeinmorewaterbecauseitislesssolidthansoilwithfarmchemicals.Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.AndhesaidseeingRaju’scropsheldstrongwhilehiscropsfailedmadehimwanttolearnaboutotherfarmingmethods.Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm,asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia.“Forthenextplantingseason,Iplantolearnfromotherfarmerstogiveupfarmchemicals,”hesaid.8.WhatdrivestheexpansionofnaturalfarminginIndia?A.Thelimitedfarms. B.Theclimateimpactoncrops.C.Theincreaseduseofchemicals. D.Thereductionoffertilizers.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutfarmchemicalsfromparagraph4?A.Theyhelpcropsgrowstrongroots.B.Theyenhancesoil’swaterabsorption.C.Theyensuresoilremainsconsistentlywet.D.Theymakecropslessresistanttothestorm.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hemorrhage”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Loss. B.Increase. C.Benefit. D.Aid.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Chemicals:HarmingIndianFarms.B.Storms:aThreattoIndianFarmers.C.NaturalFarming:anAnswertoExtremeWeather.D.IndianAgriculture:FacingtheEffectofClimateChange.〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然农业中的一种天然材料可以保护农民的作物免受气候变化的影响。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.(像拉朱这样的农民说，天然材料可以保护他们的作物免受气候变化的影响，因为土壤可以容纳更多的水。他们还强调，作物结实的根系有助于植物应对强风。支持者表示，由于政府的支持，自然农业在该州取得了成功。)”可知，气候对农作物的影响推动了印度自然农业的发展。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.(施用农药的土壤是干燥的。他补充说，全年种植不同的作物有助于保持土壤健康。然而，Raju的邻居SrikanthKanapala说，风暴过后，他的农场被洪水淹没了四天。Kanapala经常在他的农场使用农药和化肥。)”可知，农药会使作物对暴风雨的抵抗力降低。故选D项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。划线词句后文“asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia(对印度的一个农民来说，这是一笔巨大的经济负担。)”说明农民的经济损失巨大，从而推知划线词句“Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm(Kanapala预计，这场风暴可能造成高达600美元的经济hemorrhage)”其中划线词应为“损失”的意思，与A项同义。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.(在印度东南部安得拉邦，RatnaRaju的农场散发出一股强烈的气味。这种气味来自天然物质的混合物，比如牛粪和未经处理的糖。这种天然材料有助于在一个经常遭受极端天气和高温袭击的地区种植和保护作物。)”可知，本文主要介绍了自然农业中的一种天然材料可以保护农民的作物免受气候变化的影响。C项“自然农业：应对极端天气”能概括文章主旨，为最佳标题。故选C项。DResearchershavemadeadigitalmapshowingatinypieceofahumanbraininunknowndetail.Themaprepresentsacubicmillimeterofbrain—anareaabouthalfthesizeofagrainofrice.Buteventhattinypartisoverflowingwithalargeamountofinformation—containingabout57,000cells,230millimetersofbloodvesselsand150millionsynapses(突触),theconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元).Theresearcherspublishedtheirfindingsinajournal.Theyhavemadethedatasetfreelyavailableonlineandprovidedtoolsforanalyzingit.“Inonerespect,ourdatasetistiny,”JeffLichtman,aco-authorofthestudysays.“Butitdoesn’tfeelsmall,becausewhenyougetinit,youseeit’slikeahugeforest.”Forthenewpaper,theresearchersturnedtoapieceofbraintissuefromapersonwithepilepsy(癫痫).Thedatahasalreadybroughtsomeunexpectedfindingsfortheresearchers.Forinstance,theyfoundsomeraresiteswhereneuronswereconnectedbymorethan50synapses.Thisisincrediblyuncommon—morethan96percentofconnectionsbetweenneuronshavejustonesynapse,andmorethan99percenthavethreeorfewersynapses.“Thesestrongconnectionsmightshowwhatlearninglookslikeinthebrain,”Lichtmanassumes.Theyrepresentbehaviorssowell-practicedthattheyrequirealmostnothoughtatall,suchasmovingyourfootfromtheacceleratortothebrakewhenstoppingacar.However,hethinkswhilethetissuesampledidn’thaveanyevidenceofdisease,theycan’tbecertainwhetherthesesurprisesareinsomewayrelatedtotheperson’sepilepsyortreatments.Studyingothertissuesamplescouldgivethemacleareridea.Next,theresearcherswouldliketomapamouse’sbrain.Butinthemeantime,thehumanstatisticstheycurrentlyhavewillpushotherresearcherstolearnmoreaboutthehumanbrain,especiallyitsunknownareas.12.Whatdoesthedigitalmapcreatedbytheresearchersshow?A.Mainlythehugesynapses.B.Theentirenetworkofneurons.C.Variousaspectofthehumanbrain.D.Detailedinformationaboutasmallbrainarea.13.Howdoesparagraph3illustratetherarityofthefindings?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bycitingpapers.C.Bymakinganassumption. D.Bydescribingaphenomenon.14.WhatisLichtman’sattitudetothefindings?A.Grateful. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Indifferent.15.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeffectoftheresearchfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisexpected. B.Itisinspiring. C.Itisunknown. D.Itisconfusing.〖答案〗12.D13.A14.B15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员制作了一张显示人脑一小部分的详细数字地图，这个地图已经为研究人员带来了一些意想不到的发现。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Themaprepresentsacubicmillimeterofbrain—anareaabouthalfthesizeofagrainofrice.Buteventhattinypartisoverflowingwithalargeamountofinformation—containingabout57,000cells,230millimetersofbloodvesselsand150millionsynapses(突触),theconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元).”（这张地图代表了一个立方毫米的大脑——一个大约半粒米大小的区域。但即使这个微小的部分也充满了大量的信息——包含约57,000个细胞，230毫米的血管和1.5亿个突触，神经元之间的连接。）可知，研究人员创建的数字地图显示了大脑一小部分的详细信息。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Theyfoundsomeraresiteswhereneuronswereconnectedbymorethan50synapses.Thisisincrediblyuncommon—morethan96percentofconnectionsbetweenneuronshavejustonesynapse,andmorethan99percenthavethreeorfewersynapses.”（他们发现了一些罕见的地方，那里的神经元通过超过50个突触连接。这是非常罕见的——超过96%的神经元连接只有一个突触，超过99%的神经元连接有三个或更少的突触。）可知，通过列举数据来说明这个发现的稀有性。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However,hethinkswhilethetissuesampledidn’thaveanyevidenceofdisease,theycan’tbecertainwhetherthesesurprisesareinsomewayrelatedtotheperson’sepilepsyortreatments.Studyingothertissuesamplescouldgivethemacleareridea.”（然而，他认为，虽然组织样本没有任何疾病的证据，但他们不能确定这些惊喜是否以某种方式与这个人的癫痫或治疗有关。研究其他组织样本可能会给他们一个更清晰的想法。）可知，Lichtman对于这些发现持谨慎态度。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Butinthemeantime,thehumanstatisticstheycurrentlyhavewillpushotherresearcherstolearnmoreaboutthehumanbrain,especiallyitsunknownareas.”（但与此同时，他们目前拥有的人类统计数据将推动其他研究人员更多地了解人脑，尤其是它的未知区域。）可知，这项研究的效果是鼓舞人心的，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoTalkWithoutOffending(冒犯)AnyoneIfyoufeellikeconversationsareapotentialminefieldandyou’reworriedaboutunintentionallyoffendingsomeone,you’renotalone.Herearesomewaysforyoutoavoidoffendingothers.THINKbeforeyouspeakTHINKisanacronym(首字母缩略词)thatstandsforthe5thingsanyconstructivecriticismshouldbe:True,Helpful,Inspiring,Necessary,andKind.____16____.Ifwhatyouhavetosaymeetsallthe5criteria,it’sunlikelythatthepersonyou’retalkingtowillbehurt.RequestachangeinsteadofpointingoutafaultThisapproachletsthepersonknowwhattodointhefuture.____17____.Whatisnecessaryismakingsuretheydon’tdothesamethingagain,andyoucanoftenaccomplishthiswithoutcriticizingthemforsomethingnegativetheydid.____18____Wordsthatyouhavenoproblemwithmightbehurtfultoothers.Usually,whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,youdon’tknowwhatexperiencesthey’vehadorwhattraumathey’vegonethrough.Ifsomeoneishurtbysomethingyou’vesaid,acceptthat—don’tquestionitorinsultthemoverit.AcceptpeoplewithanopenmindShowthatyou’rewillingtolistentootherideasandviewpoints.Noteverybodyisgoingtoagreewithyouandthere’snothingwrongwiththat.____19____.Inthisway,youcanlearnsomethingaboutyourselfandotherpeople.ApologizewhencalledoutorcorrectedIfyoudooffendsomeone,learnfromyourmistake.Ittakescourageforsomeonetostandupforthemselveswhenthey’reoffendedbysomethingsomeoneelsesaid.____20____.A.Respecteachperson’sindividualityB.AvoidforcingyourfeelingsonothersC.Asthesayinggoes,lookbeforeyouleapD.PointingoutwhatsomeonedidwrongisoftennotnecessaryE.Usethisacronymtoplanwhatyou’llsaybeforetoughconversationsF.ListentoothersandtrytounderstandwhypeoplethinkthewaytheydoG.Tellthemyou’resorrythatyoudidn’tintendtohurtthem,andthatit’llneverhappenagain〖答案〗16.E17.D18.A19.F20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在谈话中避免冒犯他人的一些方法。【16题详析】前文“THINKisanacronym(首字母缩略词)thatstandsforthe5thingsanyconstructivecriticismshouldbe:True,Helpful,Inspiring,Necessary,andKind.(THINK是一个首字母缩略词，代表了任何建设性批评都应该具备的5个要素：真实、有益、鼓舞人心、必要和善意)”解释THINK的含义，提出建设性批评应具备的5个要素，后文“Ifwhatyouhavetosaymeetsallthe5criteria,it’sunlikelythatthepersonyou’retalkingtowillbehurt.(如果你要说的话符合这5条标准，那么和你谈话的人就不太可能受到伤害)”指出遵循这5条标准带来的好处，因此E项“Usethisacronymtoplanwhatyou’llsaybeforetoughconversations(用这个缩略词来计划在艰难的对话之前要说什么)”符合语境，建议按照THINK的要素来安排说话的内容，承上启下，其中的thisacronym指代前文的THINK。故选E。【17题详析】后文“Whatisnecessaryismakingsuretheydon’tdothesamethingagain,andyoucanoftenaccomplishthiswithoutcriticizingthemforsomethingnegativetheydid.(必要的是确保他们不会再做同样的事情，你通常可以做到这一点，而不用批评他们所做的消极事情)”指出必要的事情是什么，建议不要批评他人所做的错事，因此D项“Pointingoutwhatsomeonedidwrongisoftennotnecessary(指出别人做错了什么通常是没有必要的)”符合语境，说明没有必要的事情是什么，引出后文，其中的Pointingoutwhatsomeonedidwrong和本段标题中的pointingoutafault呼应，notnecessary和后文的necessary相对立。故选D。【18题详析】根据后文“Wordsthatyouhavenoproblemwithmightbehurtfultoothers.Usually,whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,youdon’tknowwhatexperiencesthey’vehadorwhattraumathey’vegonethrough.Ifsomeoneishurtbysomethingyou’vesaid,acceptthat—don’tquestionitorinsultthemoverit.(你觉得没有问题的话可能会伤害到别人。通常，当你和某人交谈时，你不知道他们有什么经历，或者他们经历了什么创伤。如果有人被你说的话伤害了，接受这一点——不要质疑或因此而侮辱他们)”可知，本段主要建议不能仅从自己的角度考虑问题，要考虑到每个人的具体经历，尊重他人的真实感受，空处是段落标题，应该与从他人的经历出发，尊重他人相关，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式，因此A项“Respecteachperson’sindividuality(尊重每个人的个性)”符合语境，契合段落内容。故选A。【19题详析】前文“Noteverybodyisgoingtoagreewithyouandthere’snothingwrongwiththat.(不是每个人都会同意你的观点，这没什么错)”指出有不同意见是正常的，后文“Inthisway,youcanlearnsomethingaboutyourselfandotherpeople.(通过这种方式，你可以了解一些关于你自己和其他人的事情)”说明某种做法的好处，因此F项“Listentoothersandtrytounderstandwhypeoplethinkthewaytheydo(倾听别人的想法，试着理解为什么人们会这样想)”符合语境，建议倾听别人的想法，承上启下。故选F。【20题详析】前文“Ittakescourageforsomeonetostandupforthemselveswhenthey’reoffendedbysomethingsomeoneelsesaid.(当一个人被别人的话冒犯时，为自己挺身而出是需要勇气的)”指出被冒犯的人表达自己感受的行为是勇敢的，因此G项“Tellthemyou’resorrythatyoudidn’tintendtohurtthem,andthatit’llneverhappenagain(告诉他们你很抱歉，你不是故意伤害他们的，而且这种事不会再发生了)”符合语境，建议为自己的冒犯道歉并做出承诺，承接前文。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Recyclingcanbenefitnotonlyenvironmentalconservationbutalsocommunityinsurprisingways.MateoLange,15,is____21____ofthiswell.Onweekends,hewouldsortthroughglassandplasticbottlesandaluminum(铝)cansinhishometown,IndianRiver,Michigan,wherehe____22____acommunityrecyclingprogram.Mateoinitiatedtheprogramwhenhewasinthesixthgrade,playingbaseballwiththeNorthernMichiganCyclones.Theteamwas____23____fromitsestablishmentandfacedthechallengeofraisingmoneyfortheirtraveltotournaments.ObservingcansandbottlesthrowneverywherealongMichigan’sroads,Mateo____24____asolution.InMichigan,thesecansandbottlescanbecollectedandexchangedforcash.____25____byhisfather’sassistance,Mateostartedabottleandcandriveanditraised7,500inamerefewweeks.This____26____successinspiredMateotokeeptheendeavorgoing.Sincethen,Mateo’srecyclingefforthasobtainedanimpressive$350,000,____27____atleast50localyouthgroups.Equally____28____,over2millionbottlesandcansotherwise____29____ontheroadsidewererecycled.In2023,Mateowas____30____forhisdeedsandwontheprestigiousGloriaBarronPrizeforYoungHeroes,anhonor____31____theeffortsofyoungindividualsstrivingtomaketheworldabetterplace.Whenaskedabouttheaccomplishment,Mateosaid,“Iamhappytoknowthatalltheseteamsandclubsandthecommunitiesaroundare____32____.”Mateobelieveseveryonecanandshouldbeof____33____“Justdoalittlebittomakeadifferencetotheworld,”he____34____.“Becreative,”headds.“Havean____35____andbuildonit.”21.A.aware B.frightened C.guilty D.ashamed22.A.ignores B.joins C.leads D.quits23.A.absent B.fresh C.free D.distinct24.A.objectedto B.calledoff C.carriedout D.hitupon25.A.Touched B.Backed C.Fueled D.Puzzled26.A.initial B.imaginary C.literary D.previous27.A.enhancing B.restricting C.funding D.disturbing28.A.sadly B.unfortunately C.commercially D.remarkably29.A.blocked B.classified C.exhibited D.littered30.A.threatened B.celebrated C.blamed D.suspected31.A.onaccountof B.onbehalfof C.inrecognitionof D.incontrastto32.A.benefiting B.emerging C.complaining D.starving33.A.peace B.service C.wisdom D.equality34.A.protests B.whispers C.promises D.urges35.A.idea B.excuse C.identity D.impact〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述MateoLange为了给球队筹集资金，发起了一个社区回收项目，不仅为当地很多组织筹集到资金，还保护了环境。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：15岁的MateoLange很清楚这一点。A.aware知道的，意识到的；B.frightened害怕的；C.guilty内疚的；D.ashamed惭愧的。根据下文“he________acommunityrecyclingprogram”可知，MateoLange创办了一个社区回收项目，故他知道回收利用有好处，故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周末，他会在家乡密歇根的印第安河对玻璃、塑料瓶和铝罐进行分类，他在那里领导着一个社区回收项目。A.ignores忽视；B.joins加入；C.leads领导；D.quits放弃，退出。根据下文“Mateoinitiatedtheprogram”可知，是Mateo发起了这个项目，故此处指他领导着一个社区回收项目，故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这支队伍刚成立不久，面临着为参加比赛筹集资金的挑战。A.absent缺席的；B.fresh新的；C.free自由的；D.distinct不同的。根据“facedthechallengeofraisingmoneyfortheirtraveltotournaments”可知，球队需要为参加比赛筹集资金，故推知它成立不久，故选B。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Mateo观察了密歇根州道路上随处可见的罐头和瓶子，想到了一个解决办法。A.objectedto反对；B.calledoff取消；C.carriedout执行，实施；D.hitupon突然有个好主意，偶然想到妙点子。结合空后的“asolution”以及下文“Mateostartedabottleandcandrive”可知，此处指Mateo想到了一个解决办法，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在父亲的帮助下，Mateo开始了一个关于瓶子和罐子的运动，在短短几周内筹集了7500美元。A.Touched触摸；B.Backed支持，帮助；C.Fueled给……提供燃料；D.Puzzled使困惑。结合“byhisfather’sassistance”可知，此处指在父亲的帮助下，故选B。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的成功激励着Mateo继续努力。A.initial开始的，最初的；B.imaginary想象的；C.literary文学的；D.previous