Stepbystep3000第二册U1U6答案与原文

第

PAGE

页

Unit1

PartI-A

87,80,53,48,24,17

Script:

ThePorterFamily

MrWilliamPorterisveryold.Heis87.AndMrsCatherinePorteris80.MrPorterisfromWales.JohnPorterandMaryarebrotherandsister.JohnPorteris53andheisalawyer.HiswifeSusanis48,andsheisanarchitect.JamesPorterandJoanLeearecousins.JamesPorteris24andJoanLeeis17.

PartI-B

spendingspecialtimetogether.

specific,complain,request,praise.

fatigue,insecurities,foxhole,strikingout,protect.

distant

allmarriages,Worktogetherounderstand

Respect,danger,professional,physical,verbal

Understand,win

PartI-C

40,excel,domesticargument,losing

win-win,lose-lose,win,agift,returns

argueover,aren't,who,incontrol,fear,didn'tneed,oughtnotto,couldn't,triedto,destroy,marriage

love,loved,secure,discover,garden,cultivate,themostprecious,ownself,bloom.

obtain,ourpartner,lovedandrespected,control.

PartII-A

A2

similarsocialbackgrounds.

thesameraceorsameethnicbackground.

thesamereligion.

A3

Japan/9.2%/arrangedmarriages

3%/betweenblacksandwhites

ManypeopleinWesterncultureschoosetheirownwivesandhusbands.Inmanyothercountries,spouseareoftenchosenbytheparents.InChinaandJapanbeforethiscentury(20thcentury),upper-classmarriageswerearrangedbytheoldermales.InmanyculturesintheMiddleEast,Asia,andpre-industrialEurope,theman'sfamilynegotiateda"brideprice"withthewoman'sfamily;theman'sfamilywasexpectedtopayit.InHinduIndia,thebride'sfamilypaida"groom'sprice"tothefamilyoftheman.Thesecustomsareweakening;forintance,only9.2percentofJapanesemarriagesarenowarranged.

Whatarethecriteriaforchoosingmates?Mostmarriages-whetherarrangedbyfamiliesoroccurringfrompersonalattractionorlove--arebasedonsimilarsocialbackgrounds.Inotherwords,themanandthewomancomefromthesamesocialclass(orelseaclassthatisonlyslightlyhigherorslightlower).AmongmanypeopleinEgypt,keymembersoftheman'sfamilymustgotothefamilyofthewomanandproposemarriage.Thesefamilymembersmustbeabletoshowthattheman'sfamilyisatleastofthesamesocialclassasthewomanandthatacertainamountofmoneyexiststoallowthemarriagetogoforward.

Havingthesameraceorthesameethnicbackgroundisthesecondmaincriterionformarriagethroughouttheworld.IntheU.S,.Wheretherearemanydifferentraces,only3percentofallmarriagesarebetweenblacksandwhites,meaningthattheracesarestilllargelyseparateinmarriage.

Inmanycountries,marriageisalsobasedonthewomanandmanhavingthesamereligion;thisisathirdcommoncriterionforchoosingamate.Incultureinwhichreligionisverystrongvalue,marriageswouldoftennottakeplaceiftherewerereligiousdifferences.

PartII-B

physicalappearance;

whatsomebodylookslike,,lookbeyondthephysicalappearance

thehighpercentageofdivorces.

fallinglovewithsomebody,,lovingsomebody

Script:

Whatdoyouthinkitisthatattractspeopletoeachother,thatmakespeoplewanttobetogether?

Ithinkthatperhapsunfortunatelyintheinitialstagesit'sthephysicalappearancethatattracts.Ithinkunlessyoufindsomebodyattractive,unlessthere'ssomethingaboutthem-itcouldonlyperhapsbethewaytheysmileortheylaugh,oratwinkleintheireye,orthewayofacurlfallsovertheirforehead.Butsomethinglikethathastomakeyouinterestedenoughtofindoutmoreaboutthatperson,unlessthat'sthereIthinkyoujustdon'tbother.SoinitiallyphysicalattractionIthinkisallimportant.

Whydoyousay"unfortunately"?

Becauseinfactitshouldn'tbewhatsomebodylookslikethatisimportant.Youshouldbeabletolookbeyondhephysicalappearanceandseewhatsortofapersonheorsheis,whethertheyareselfishorselfless,whethertheyarekind,caring.ButIthinkinitiallyyouarenotbotheredwiththat.Thatcomeperhapslater.

Inpopsongsandmagazinesandnewspapersandsonon,theideaoffallingloveinsalwaysemphasized,sopeoplehavethisideathatyouhavetofallinlove.Doyouthinkthisismisleadingforpeople?Doyouthinkpeopleexpectsomethingthatinfactdoesn'texist?

Yes,Ido.InfactIthinkwecanprobablylaytheblameforthehighpercentageofdivorce--it'sathirdIthinknow,isn'tit?Ithinkoneinthreepeoplegetdivorced.ProbablyasfarasIcanseeit,thereasonisthattheygointomarriageorintoarelationshipwithaveryromanticviewoflovewhichIthinkhasbeencreatedbythepopsongs,byallthelovestores,bytheBarbaraCartlandnovels,etc.,thatyoungpeopleread.Really,youmeetsomeone,youfallinlove,andthat'sit.,it'sthebeginning,theylivehappilyevenafter.AndIthinkthat'stheproblem,becausepeoplejustexpectthat,andit'snotlikethat.

Sowhatisit,doyouthink,thatreallysustainsarelationship,thatkeepsarelationshipgoing?

Well,Ithinkyouhavetodifferentiatebetweenfallinginlovewithsomebody,whichIseeasmoresuperficial,andlovingsomebody,whichIseeasadeeperemotionandonethatperhapslasts.Fallinginloveissuperficialattraction,beingattractedtosomebodyphysically,havingfuntogether,whereaslovingsomebodyIthinkisanemotionthatgrows,itcomeswithsharedexperiences,perhapsenjoyingdoingthesamethingstogether,sharedhobbies,sharedinterests,sufferingtogetheraswell,goingthroughthebadtimes,helpingeachother,supportingeachother.Ithinkallthatneedstimetogrow,andI'dcallthatlove,andIthinkthat'swhatmakesarelationshiplast.

PartII-C

oneofthebiggestdecisionstheywillmakeinlife,

asthe"just-right"wifeforhim,

definitionofwhatthe"just-right"wifeis,

themillionairemanandthepoorman,

herphysicalqualities,

differentwords,

byherphysicalqualities,

intwodifferentatmospheres,

alsohavetheirdefinitionofthe"just-right"wife,

theGermanman'sdefinitionisdifferentfromtheSpanishman's.

Script:

PartIII

Abaseballdiamondfrizzlyhair/glasses/funny/monologue

Awinebarpizza

Afancy-dresspartythemandressedasCheshireCat

Outsideacinemacoincidence/he'dalsomissedthefilm

Aboat/theriverbankfellinriver/hedivedinandrescuedher

Script:

Kate:Iwasonmywayhomefromjuniorhighandinordertogettomyhouseyouhavetowalkbythisbaseballdiamond.Andtherewasagameofbaseballgoingonanditlookedkindofinteresting,soIstopped.Thereweren'tverymanypeoplewatching.Andtherewasthisguyandhewasn'treallyverygood-looking,buthehadfrizzlyhairandglassesandhewasreallyfunny.Hedidthiskindofmonologuething,whichwargreat.AndIwenthomeandItoldmymotherIwasgoingtomarryhimaftertalkingtohimforhalfanhour.AndwhenIgottohighschool,hewaspresidentofthestudentbodyandheaskedmeoutand...we'vegotourpictureintheyearbooktogetherholdinghands,andit'sreallynice.

Ke:Well,I'darrangedtohaveadrinkwithafriendofmine,awomanfriendofminewho'saplatonicfriendofmine.AndsheinsistedonbringingthisfriendofherswhoshesaidI'dliketomeetandIthoughtshewastryingtofixusupandIsaid,"Pleasedon't!"Butshedidbringthisfriendandwehititoff.Andafterthewinebarwewenttohaveapizzaandweallhadafewmoredrinksandtheotherwomanwhoendeduporderingapizzathathadabunchofstuffonitthatshereallyliked,sowepickedateachother'spizzasallnightandwerealizedthatweweresortofhadanidealrelationship,sothatwecouldorderreallyanypizzaonthemenuandwe'dbothbehappy.Andanywayweendeduplivingtogetherandstillare.

Coralyn:Wemetatapartyanditwasfancy-dressparty.Afriendofmine'stwenty-firstanditwasquitebigandIwentdressedasAliceinWonderlandandthisperson,thisguythatImarriedwasdressedastheCheshireCat.Anditjustseemedsoamazingthat,youknow,wewerebothfromthesamethingandwestartedchattingandendedupbeingtogether.

Jill:I'darrangedtogotothecinemawithagroupoffriendsandunfortunatelyImissedthetrainthatwouldhavegotmetostandingoutside--thefilmhadstarted.SoIwasn'tallowedin.Andtherewasachapoutside,he'dalsomissedthefilmandwestartedtotalkandwetalkedquiteabitandhesaid,"Let'sgodowntheroadandseethatfilm,becausethatonehasn'tstartedattheOdeon."Sowewentdownthereandwe'vebeengoingouteversince!

Carole:IfirstmetmypartnerwhenhewasonaboatandIwasontheriverbank,standingandlookinggenerallyintothedistanceandhewascomingintolandwithhisboatandhethrewmearopeandsaid,"Wouldyoumindcatchingthis?"andIcaughtitandmissedandtrippedoveritandfellintheriverandhehadtodiveinandrescueme.Andthatwasit!

PartIV

Book,choked,disappointment,takeyoutodinner,tolerantsmile,wentby,rose,bigrestaurant,test,understandandadmire

Script:

JohnBlanchardstoodupfromthebench,straightenedhisarmyuniform,andstudiedthecrowdofpeoplemakingtheirwaythroughGrandCentralStation.Helookedforthegirlwhoseheartheknew,butwhosefacehedidn't,thegirlwiththerose.HisinterestinherhadbegunthirteenmonthsbeforeinFloridalibrary.Takingabookofftheshelfhefoundhimselfintrigued,notwiththewordsofthebook,butwiththenotespenciledinthemargin.Thesofthandwritingreflectedathoughtfulsoulandinsightfulmind.Inthefrontofthebook,hediscoveredthepreviousowner'sname,MissHollisMaynell.

Withtimeandefforthelocatedheraddress.ShelivedinNewYorkCity.Hewroteheraletterintroducinghimselfandinvitinghertocorrespond.ThenextdayhewasshippedoverseasforserviceinWorldWarthroughthemail.Eachletterwasaseedfallingonafertileheart.Aromancewasbudding.Blanchardrequestedaphotograph,butsherefused.Shefeltthatifhereallycared,itwouldn'tmatterwhatshelookedlike.WhenthedayfinallycomeforhimtoreturnfromEurope,theyscheduledtheirfirstmeeting--7:00p.m.AttheGrandHotelStationinNewYork."Youwillrecognizeme,"shewrote,"bytheredroseI'llbewearingonmylapel."Soat7:00hewasinthestationlookingforagirlwhoseheartheloved,butwhosefacehe'dneverseen.I'llletMrBlanchardtellyouwhathappened.

Ayoungwomanwascomingtowardme,herfigurelongandslim.Herblondehairlaybackincurlsfromherdelicateears.Hereyeswereasblueflowers.Herlipsandchinhadagentlefirmness,andinherpalegreensuitshewaslikespringtimecomingalive.Istartedtowardher,entirelyforgettingtonoticethatshewasnotwearingarose.AsImoved,asmall,provocativesmilecurvedherlips."Goingmyway,sailor?"shemurmured.AlmostuncontrollablyImadeonestepclosertoher,andthenIsawHolllisMaynell.Shewasstandingalmostdirectlybehindthegirl.Awomanwellpast40,shehadgrayinghairtuckedunderawornhat.Shewasmorethanplump,herthick-ankledfeetthrustintolow-heeledshoes.Thegirlinthegreensuitwaswakingquicklyaway.

IfeltasthoughtIwassplitintotwo,sokeenwasmydesiretofollowher,andyetsodeepwasmylongingforthewomanwhosespirithadtrulycompanionedmeandupheldmyown.Andthereshestood.Herpaleplumpfacewasgentleandsensible,hergrayeyeshadawarmandkindlytwinkle.Ididnothesitate.Myfingersgrippedthesmallwornblueleathercopyofthebookthatwastoidentifymetoher.Thiswouldnotbelove,butitwouldbesomethingprecious,somethingperhapsevenbetterthanlove.

Isquaredmyshouldersandsalutedandheldoutthebooktothewoman,eventhoughwhileIspokeIfeltchockedbythebitternessofmydisappointment:“I’mLieutenantJohnBlanchard.I’msogladyoucouldmeetme;mayItakeyouTakeyoutodinner?”Thewoman’sfacebroadenedintoatoleratesmile..“Idon’tknowwhatthisisabout,son,”sheanswered,‘buttheyoungladyinthegreensuitwhojustwentby,shebeggedmetowearthisroseonmycoat.Andshesaidifyouweretoaskmetodinner,Ishouldtellyouthatsheiswaitingforyouinthebigrestaurantacrossthestreet.Shesaidthisiskindoftest!

Unit2Shapingandreshapingpersonality

PartI-A

1-h,2-d,3-j,4-k,5-b,6-i,

7-g,8-e,9-l,10-f,11-c,12-a

Tapescript:

TaurusApril21-May12,isrepresentedbyabull.

Virgoisrepresentedbyayoungwoman.

Capricornbyagoat.

Piscesbytwofish.

Aquariusbythewater-bearer.

Leobyalion

Cancerbyacrab

Ariesbyaram

Geminibytwins

Sagitarusbyacentaurshooinganarrow

Scorpiobyascorption

Librabyapairofmeasuringscales.

PartI-B

Very,notvery,extremely,sortof,very

Tapescript:

W:Hey,Kevin.Helpmefilloutthispersonalitysurvey.It'llbefun.

M:Oh,Idon'tknow...

W:Oh,comeon...Ok,here'sthefirstone--whatshouldIputfor"aggressive"?

M:Oh,II'dsay"very".

W:Very?Really?

M:Yeah,sure.Lookatthewayyoudrive!

W:Well,Ok,soI'maveryaggressivedriver...But..Youhavetodrivelikethatinthiscity,oryou'regonnabehit,because

M:Uh,...What'sthenextone?

W:"Selfish".

M:Oh,notatall.

W:Really?Well...Maybejustalittle...Imean,alotofpeopleare,right?Justalittlebit?Youknow,Imean,Itrytothinkofotherpeople,butsometimesIdojustthinkofmyself,Iguess.

M:Ok,Ok,soput"notvery."

W:OK.

M:Butyoucanput"extremely"forthenextone.

W:What?Oh,"kind"?

M:Yes.Don'tyouthinkyouareanextremelykindperson?

W:Iam?Ok,ifyousayso.Oh,looktthisnextone.

W:Yeah.

M:Hmm...Idon'tknow.Sometimesyoucanbereallypatient,butothertimesyouarenotpatientatall.Likerememberthattimeinlineatthesupermarketwhenyougot...

W:Ok,ok,Igetyourpoint.I'llput"sortof"/.

M:Ok,that'sright.

W:Nextone..."jealous"...IguessIamsortofjealous...

M:Sortof?I'dput"very".Rememberhowangryyougotwhenmyex-girlfriendcalledtheotherday?Irememberyouaregonnaraisetheroof...

W:Allright,allright,"Very".

PartI-C

Ambitiousandproud

Helpfulandhonest

Selfishandunreliable

Tapescript:

George

W:Sowhatareyougoingtodoafteryougraduates,George?

G:I'mgoingtostartmyownbusiness.

W:Oh,really?Whattypeofbusiness?

G:Well,Ihaven'tdecidedyet,butIknowI'llbesuccessfulinanythingIdo.Infact,Iamgoingtobeoneofthetopbusinesspeopleintowninlessthanfiveyears.Justwaitandsee!Ihaveeverythingittakes--Iamsmart,Icanorganizepeople.AndIamfullofideasthatcanmakemoney.

Karen

K:Hey!Lookatthiswalletonthesidewalk.Wow!There'slotofmoneyinit...Butnoidentification.Mmm...IwonderhowIcanfindtheowner?IguessIwilltakeittothepolicestationandseeifanyonehasreportedalostwallet.

Pam

M:Whatareyoudoingtonight,Pam?

P:Well,IwassupposedtomeetBillafterworkforamovie,butIdon'tfeellikegoing.IthinkIwillgoshoppinginstead.

M:Won'tBillgetmad?

P:Oh,Iamsurehecanfindsomethingelsetodo.

M:Oh?

P:Besides,Ireallyneedsomenewclothes.Ihaven'tboughtanyfornearlyamonth!

M:Huh!

PartII

Youngboys

1.Measuretheboys'abilitiesandhowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities;

2.Threegroups--thosewithhighself-esteem/middleself-esteem/lowself-esteem

3.Inallsituation--athome/atwork/inschool/withfriends

1.Active/abletoexpressideas/successfulinschoolandinrelationswithotherpeople/creative/ledindiscussions/interestedinworldproblems/seldomtiredorsick

2.Liketheboyswithhighself-esteem/expressideasfreely/sawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace/notsureoftheirownvalue

3.Sadmosttime/afraidtostartactivities/feltnolove/couldn'texpressideas/afraidofanger/notalkindiscussion

a.closeness

b.goodbehaviorb.almostanything

c.definite,strict,kindandthoughtfulc.nodefinite

d.rewardsd.harshpunishment

e.democratic,respected

f.importance,takenawayf.didn'tlovethem

Tapescript:

Scientistshavelearnedagreatdealaboutthepartsofbrainandtheirfunctions.Theyhavealsostudiedthedevelopmentofthepersonality,forexample,howababylearnstolove.InrecentstudiesattwouniversitiesintheUnitedStates,scientistshaveinvestigatedthedevelopmentofself-esteem.

Self-esteemistherespectapersonhasforhimself,hisbeliefinhisabilityandinthevalueofwhathedoes.Thescientistsstudiedself-esteeminyoungboys.Theygavethemmanytests.Thesetestmeasuredtheboys'abilitiesandalsohowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities.Afterthetests,theboysweredividedintothreegroups--thosewithhigh-esteem,thosewithmiddle-esteemandthosewithloveself-esteem.Thescientistcontinuedtostudytheboysinallsituations.Theystudiedthemathome,atwork,inschool,andwiththeirfriends.

Fromtheirstudies,thescientistsmadesomeobservations.Boyswithhighself-esteemwereactive.Theywereabletoexpresstheirideas.Theyweresuccessfulinschoolandintheirrelationswithotherpeople.Indiscussions,theyled.Theydidn'tjustlisten.Theywereinterestedinworldproblems.Theywerecreativeandbelievedthattheycouldfinishwhatevertheystarted.Theyseldombecametiredorsick.Inmanyways,theboyswithmiddleself-esteemwereliketheboyswithhighself-esteem.Theytooexpressedtheirideasfreelyandsawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace.However,theywerenotsureoftheirownvalueaspeople.Theydidtheirbestworkwhentheyweresurethatotherpeoplelikedthem.Theboyswithlowself-esteemweredifferentfromtheothertwogroups.Theyweresadmostofthemtime.Theywereafraidtostartactivities.Theyfeltthatnoonelovedthem.Theycouldnotexpresstheirideas.Theywereafraidofanger.Inadiscussion,theylistened,buttheydidn'ttalk.

Thescientistsasked,"Howdosomeboysdevelophighself-esteem?":"Whatisdifferentintheirlives?"Someoftheanswersweresurprising.Highself-esteemdidnotdependuponphysicalappearance,ormoney,orsizeoffamily.Itdidnotdependuponhowmuchthemotherwasathome.Thescientistsfoundthattherewasaclosenessbetweentheboyswithhighself-esteemandtheirparents.Theirparentsshowedrealinterestinthem,andspendtimewithtime.Theylistenedtotheirsonsandgavethemhelpwhentheboysaskedforit.Theyknewtheirsons'friends.Thesonknewthattheywereimportanttotheirparents.Theseparentsdemandedgoodbehavior.Theymaddefiniterules.Theywerestrict,butnotharsh.Theycorrectedtheirsons'behaviorbyrewards,notbypunishment.Theynevertookawaytheirlove.Ontheotherhand,theparentsofboyswithlowself-esteemlettheirsonsdoalmostanything.Ifaboymadeamistake,theparentspunishedhimharshly.Theyboysbelievedthattheirparentsdidn'tlovethem.Therewerenodefiniterules.Thefamilylifeoftheboyswithhighself-esteemwasdemocratic.Theparentsmaderules,buttheyledinakindandthoughtfulway.Theyshowedrespectfortheirchildren'sideas,evenwhentheydidnotagreewiththem.Theylettheboysgivetheiropinionsindiscussionsoffamilyplans.Theseboyswereproductivecitizens.Nowthesescientistsarestudyingothergroupsofchildren.Theywanttolearnhowtohelpchildrenwithlowself-esteemfeelbetteraboutthemselves.Inthisway,thesechildrencanbecomeproductivecitizenstoo.

PartIII-A

Sad,temporary,long,sufferfrommental,

Anyone,ten,developing,

80percent,drugs,effective,carefully

Without,activity,minor,walking,30,four,improve,physical,traditional,hour,talking,doctors,Discussion,ways,problems

Education,understand.

PartIII-B1

Joyous,warm,loving

Manifestangerventangeronsomebody

Dumpanger

Tapescript

Speaker1

Iactuallyveryrarelygetanger.I'vequitealongtetherwhenitcomestoanger,whichdoesn'tmean,Ireallydon'tbelieveI'msuppressinganyangeratall,butitmanifestitselfinaverysarcasticwaywithme.Likeifforexample,ifI'mbuyingarailwayticketorsomethingandtheguybehindthecounterisverysurlyandyounowrefusestotreatmelikeahumanbeing,Iwon'tgetangrywithhimbutI'llgetverysarcasticwithhimandtrytomakeveryverycleverremarks.Andthatformeseversitspurpose.Idofeelcleansedafterasituationlikethat.OfcourseIdosometimes,ifit'sabsolutelynecessaryIdogetveryangry,ifI'mtakenthatfar.ButIcertainlydon'tsuppressanyanger.

Speaker2

Well,myangeristiedupwithmysleeplessnights.Imean,ifIdonnotsleepwell,Iwakeupinthemorning,Iamangry. Iuseanyexcusetoventmyangeronanybody.IfIsleepwell,theneverythingisfine.I'majoyous,warm,lovingperson.Sleeplessnights,I'mfullofangerandmyangerdoesnotebbawayunlessIuseathingorsomebodytoventitupon.Asweakasthatmaysound,that'showIwork.Andit'sterriblesortofadmissiontomaketoeverybodyhere.IfI'mlookingforexcusesforhavingwokenupinaparticularlybadway,inaway,angerissomethingthatIhavetogetout.Idonotcarryitaroundbyweeping,andlikecrying.Ibelieveindumpingit.

PartIII-B1

Punchbagswithpicturesoftheirboss

Laughingatit.

Tapescript:

A:Apparently,Idon'tknowifthisistrue,butinJapan,iffactoryworkersgetabituptightorangry,theycangooutintothegymorsomethingwhichisusuallyattachedtothefactoryandtherearepunchbagswithpicturesoftheirboss.Andtheycangoandtheycanspendtwentyminutespunchinghelloutofthispunchbag.Andtheygo

backtoworkandtheyfeelgreat.

B:Oh,Godyes,well,thatbringsusontolaughingthen.Thatmademelaugh.

C:Wellthat'sonewayofdealingwithangeraswell,Isuppose,ifyoucanactuallyremoveyourselffromthesituationandjustlaughatit.Ithinklaughterisoneofthemostwonderfulreleases,andIthinkthatit'sactuallybeenprovedthatyouknowthatchemicalthatisreleasedwhenyoulaughislife-enhancingandlifeelongatingtoo,youknow.Itpromotesahealthy,ahealthierbeing.

PartIV

Classifyingandorganizingideas

Ability,thefactsorideas,arerelatedtooneanother

Roman,Arabic,letters,standardform,decreasingimportance,capitalletters,smallletters,

Totheleft,totheright,equal,thesamedistance,easytosee,theideasbeforeandafterit.

Nopunctuation

Outlining,practice.

Unit3Allcansucceed

PartI-A

1.inyourimagination,/thinkintothefuture,possibilities,apositiveway,thestartingpoint

2.expecttowin/fulfillthevision

3.opportunity/recognize,grab,arisktaker

PartI-B

1.organizationalskills

2.resultsoriented

3.open-minded

4.inthedecisionprocess

5.parentalandcitizen

6.innovationandexcellence

7.thedevelpment

8.Cooperation

9.studentsneeds

10.ideasandplans

11.highqualityperformance

12.directlyandclearly

13.continuousprofessionaldevelopment

14.theirbackgroundorposition

15.aconsensusbuilder

16.leardshipskills

17.yourbond,trustworthy

18.theposition

19.personalintegrity

20.workwellwithothers

PartI-C

Escapedpoverty,master'sdegree,worstslums,overwhelmingodds,Englishuniversity

Prospectusleaflet,discarded,sethisheart,violent,crime-ridden,13,principalbreadwinner,drugs,beaten,attacked,cameclose,overdose,gainingaplace,avisa,haddoubts,genuinestudent,berewarded

PartII-A

A1

mum,bringingup3children

physicaldisabilities,physicaldifficultyofarthritis,holdherback

aheadmistress

anactorenergy,self-publicist

A2

FTFF

Tapescript:

Speaker1

Ithinkmymum'sverysuccessfulbecauseshe'smanagedtobringupthreechildren-excellently-insuchahorriblesocietythatweliveintoday.She'staughtustobekindandloving,shetaughtustoshare,shetaughtustoloveourfamily-beveryfamily-oriented-andIthinkthat'sreallyimportant.

Speaker2

ThepersonthatIcanthinkofwithinmylife,well,IprobablycanthinkofseveralbuttheonethatinstantlycametomindwhenyoupoppedthisquestiontomewassomebodywholivesinHarpendenandwhohasovercomephysicaldifficultyofarthritisremarkablywell,andnotallowedittoholdherbackanymorethanisobviouslynecessarybecauseofherphysicaldisabilities.SoIthinkshe'smadeaverygood-agreatsuccessofovercomingadifficulty.

Speaker3

Ithink,MableDavies,herewho'sverysuccessful.She'sadeafladywho'snowtheheadmistressandIthinkthatmusthavebeenhard,soI'vegotalotofrespectforher,becausemyparentsarealsodeafsoIknowhowdifficultitistoworkyourwayuphavingahandicap,soI'vegotquitealotadmirationtoher.

Speaker4

IthinkinprofessionaltermsKennethBranagh,theactor,hasbeenverysuccessfulandIthinkthereasonforthismorethananythingelseisthathe'saverygoodself-publicist.Heisundoubtedlyaverygoodactor.I'venotseenhimonstage,I'veseenhimonfilmandhe'sgotanenormousamountofenergyandasIsay,he'saverygoodself-publicist.

A2

Statements:

Accordingtothefirstspeaker,themostimportantthingthatmumtaughtherchildrenistolovethefamily.

Whenthesecondspeakerwasinterviewed,thesuccessfulpersonthatimmediatelycametohermindwastheonewitharthritis.

ThethirdspeakerhasalotofrespectforMableDaviesbecausesheherselfisadeaf.

Thefourthspeakerthinksthattheactorhasgotanenormousamountofenergyashesawhimonstageandonfilm.

PartII-B1

subordinatepositions,seriousresponsibility,threshold,broom,sweepingout,salutarybranch,futurepartner,tryhishand,sweepers

obtainemployment,aimhigh,restcontent,thoughts,concerns,atthetop

primecondition,energy,thought,captital,onthatline,themost

scatteredtheircaptial,brains,allwrong,watchthatbasket,takenotice,fail,breaks,onhishead,apttotumble,lackofconcentration

PartII-B2

原文

TosummarizewhatIhavesaid:aimforthehighest;neverenterabarroom;donottouchliquor,orifatallonlyatmeals;neverspeculate;neverindorsebeyondyoursurpluscashf